TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Berührungslose Temperaturmessung an Verbrennungsgasen bei hohen Temperaturen und hohen Drücken T2 - 20. GMA/ITG-Fachtagung Sensoren und Messsysteme 2019 N2 - Stationäre Gasturbinen sind von großer Bedeutung für die heutige Energieversorgung. Der Wirkungsgrad einer Gasturbine steigt mit zunehmender Heißgastemperatur an. Turbinenhersteller bzw. Kraftwerksbetreiber sind daher bestrebt, Turbinen bei der höchsten materialtechnisch möglichen Heißgastemperatur einzusetzen. Eine entsprechende Prozessoptimierung des Turbinenbetriebs setzt somit die exakte Kenntnis der Gastemperaturen während des Betriebs und damit eine verlässliche Messung derselben voraus. Zur Messung der Gastemperatur werden derzeit in der Regel Thermoelemente unmittelbar im Abgasstrom platziert. Aufgrund der dort vorherrschenden extremen Bedingungen degradieren diese Sensoren allerdings sehr schnell. Ein alternativer Ansatz sieht die Entwicklung eines berührungslosen Messverfahrens auf der Grundlage von Strahlungsthermometern vor. Für die Umsetzung dieses Vorhabens ist die genaue Kenntnis des Verhaltens der infrarot-optischen Emissions- und Transmissionsspektren der im Abgasstrom enthaltenen Gase bei hohen Temperaturen und Drücken eine wesentliche Voraussetzung. Aus diesem Grund wurde am ZAE Bayern eine Hochtemperatur-Hochdruck-Gaszelle entwickelt, die es in Verbindung mit einem FTIR-Spektrometer erlaubt, Gase und Gasgemische hinsichtlich dieser Gesichtspunkte zu charakterisieren. In dieser Arbeit wird die neue Messapparatur vorgestellt und Gasgemische, die für die Turbinenanwendungen relevant sind, werden analysiert. Zur Identifizierung eines geeigneten Wellenlängenbereichs für die geplante berührungslose Temperaturmessung wurden erste Messungen durchgeführt, auf deren Grundlage ein adäquater Wellenlängenbereich ermittelt werden konnte. Y1 - 2019 UR - 10.5162/sensoren2019/2.4.2 SN - 978-3-9819376-0-2 SP - 183 EP - 190 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark T1 - Entwicklung und Test eines langwelligen Strahlungsthermometers zur berührungslosen Temperaturmessung in Gasturbinen während des Betriebs JF - tm - Technisches Messen N2 - The aim of this work was the development of a long wavelength infrared radiation thermometer for the non-contact measurement of surface temperatures in stationary gas turbines during operation within the EU-project „Sensors Towards Advanced Monitoring and Control of Gas Turbine Engines (acronym STARGATE)“. In this work, the infrared-optical properties of the thermal barrier coatings and the combustion gases were determined at ZAE Bayern at high temperatures up to 1600 K and pressures up to 13 bar. Based on these experimental characterizations, a suitable spectral range could be identified which lies around 10 μm for the long-wavelength infrared radiation thermometer. According to these findings, a laboratory setup with suitable optical components (filters, IR-fibers, etc.) was firstly realized and verified. Subsequently, a prototype for measurements in gas turbines during operation of the turbines has … N2 - Das Ziel dieser Arbeit bestand in der Entwicklung eines langwelligen Strahlungsthermometers zur berührungslosen Messung von Oberflächentemperaturen in stationären Gasturbinen während des Betriebs der Turbinen innerhalb des EU-geförderten Projektes „Sensors Towards Advanced Monitoring and Control of Gas Turbine Engines (Acronym STARGATE)“. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden die infrarot-optischen Eigenschaften der Wärmedämmschichten und der vorhandenen Brenngase am ZAE Bayern bei hohen Temperaturen bis 1600 K und Drücken bis 13 bar bestimmt. Mit Hilfe dieser experimentellen Charakterisierungen konnte ein geeigneter Spektralbereich um 10 μm für das langwellige Strahlungsthermometer identifiziert werden. Entsprechend dieser Erkenntnisse wurde zunächst ein Laboraufbau mit geeigneten optischen Bauteilen (Filter, IR-Wellenleiter, etc.) realisiert und verifiziert. Anschließend wurde ein Prototyp für Messungen in Gasturbinen während des Betriebs der Turbinen entwickelt und in einem Turbinenteststand der Firma Siemens AG in Berlin erfolgreich getestet. Abschließend wurde eine Unsicherheitsanalyse durchgeführt, die eine erweiterte Messunsicherheit der gemessenen Temperaturen von etwa ± 30 K ergab. T2 - Development and test of a long wavelength infrared radiation thermometer for non-contact temperature measurements in gas turbines during operation KW - Berührungslose Temperaturmessung KW - Strahlungsthermometrie KW - Wärmedämmschicht KW - Gasturbine KW - Emissionsgrad KW - Infrarot-Strahlung KW - Non-contact temperature measurement KW - radiation thermometry KW - thermal barrier coating KW - gas turbine KW - emissivity KW - infrared radiation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2017-0077 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 28 EP - 39 PB - Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag CY - Berlin/Boston ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Infrared-optical characterization of emitting and absorbing gases at high temperatures and high pressures JF - High Temperatures – High Pressures N2 - In the context of the optimization of stationary gas turbines, the surface temperatures of the turbine blades have to be measured by a non-contact technique using radiation thermometers during operation of the turbine. Nowadays turbine blades are protected by thermal barrier coatings. The infrared-optical properties of these coatings require the usage of the MIR or LWIR region for non-contact measurement of the surface temperatures. For performing such measurements and for properly analyzing the derived data, the transmission and absorption spectra of the combustion gas mixture within the turbine were determined at the local conditions during operation of the turbine. Therefore, subject of this work is the measurement of the transmission spectra of carbon dioxide and water vapor at high temperatures and high pressures to identify a wavelength range, which is almost free of absorption and emission effects. In … Y1 - 2018 VL - 47 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 21 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla T1 - A Novel Approach for Non-Destructive Testing of the Adhesion of Thermal Barrier Coatings N2 - The operation temperatures of gas turbine engines have been increased significantly to optimize their efficiency factor. To protect the metallic blades from these high temperatures, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are applied onto the turbine blades. These layers must have a good adhesion to the supporting turbine blade. A poor adhesion may lead to a delamination of the layer during operation and finally to a destruction of the turbine blade and eventually the complete turbine. It is therefore necessary, to check the quality of the layer adhesion regularly during service or preferably during operation. Approaches for non-contact and nondestructive techniques by using optical or infrared radiation are not sophisticated up to now. Hence in this paper a new attempt to improve these optical or infrared-optical methods is described. The presented idea relies on the application of different wavelengths for the used measurement system. Using a short wavelength range, where the TBC is semitransparent, allows the measurement of the temperature of the turbine blade. Using a second, long wavelength range where the TBC is non-transparent, the temperature of the surface of the TBC can be determined. As the thermal contact is usually correlated with the mechanical adhesion such measurements can be a possible tool for nondestructively testing the adhesion of TBCs. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Juergen_Hartmann3/publication/309291712_A_Novel_Approach_for_Non-Destructive_Testing_of_the_Adhesion_of_Thermal_Barrier_Coatings/links/5ec230b2458515626cb0b295/A-Novel-Approach-for-Non-Destructive-Testing-of-the-Adhesion-of-Thermal-Barrier-Coatings.pdf SP - 12 EP - 13 PB - The Future of Gas Turbine Technology ; 8 th International Gas Turbine Conference CY - Brüssel (Belgien) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark A1 - Hodge, D. T1 - Long wavelength infrared radiation thermometry for non-contact temperature measurements in gas turbines JF - Infrared Physics & Technology N2 - The objective of the EU project “Sensors Towards Advanced Monitoring and Control of Gas Turbine Engines (acronym STARGATE)” is the development of a suite of advanced sensors, instrumentation and related systems in order to contribute to the developing of the next generation of green and efficient gas turbine engines. One work package of the project deals with the design and development of a long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation thermometer for the non-contact measurement of the surface temperature of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) during the operation of gas turbine engines. For opaque surfaces (e.g. metals or superalloys) radiation thermometers which are sensitive in the near or short wavelength infrared are used as state-of-the-art method for non-contact temperature measurements. But this is not suitable for oxide ceramic based TBCs (e.g. partially yttria stabilized zirconia) as oxide ceramics … Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350449516303395 IS - 80 SP - 120 EP - 130 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Schmidt, Franz A1 - Brunner, Martin T1 - Optische Sensorik für die additive Fertigung T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2019 Y1 - 2019 CY - Nürnberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark T1 - Construction, Calibration and Application of a LWIR Pyrometer within the EU Project STARGATE BT - Tempmeko 2016 N2 - The EU project STARGATE (Sensors Towards Advanced Monitoring and Control of Gas Turbine Engines) has the headline objective to develop a suite of advanced sensors, instrumentation and related systems in order to contribute to the development of the next generation of green and efficient gas turbine engines. To increase the efficiency of gas turbines higher combustion temperatures and higher turbine inlet temperatures are required. This implies that turbine blades and vanes are exposed to higher temperatures. Advanced thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) based on ceramic materials protect the components from overheating and ensure mechanical integrity. Still, materials and coatings need to be stressed to their limits to reach the challenging goals of an efficiency increase. Under these circumstances, it is crucial to have sensing techniques available that are capable of accurately monitoring the temperature of turbine parts in order to prevent damages within the engine. The approach to overcome current limitations of existing techniques is to use long wavelength infrared (LWIR) pyrometry as TBCs are usually semi-transparent in the near or short wavelength infrared. Therefore one work package within the STARGATE project is dedicated to the development of a LWIR radiation thermometer to measure the surface temperature of TBCs contactless during operation of the gas turbine engines. The paper shortly gives an overview of the investigation performed within the STARGATE project. The construction, calibration and application of the LWIR radiation thermometer is described in detail and results obtained on a test facility are presented. The paper closes with an outlook on future plans of implementing the LWIR pyrometer in the quality system of gas turbine operation. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341432336_CONSTRUCTION_CALIBRATION_AND_APPLICATION_OF_A_LWIR_PYROMETER_WITHIN_THE_EU_PROJECT_STARGATE CY - Zakopane (Polen) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Zänglein, Marc T1 - Hochtemperaturmessung und Materialuntersuchung für Energietechnik und additive Fertigungsverfahren BT - Werkstoffwoche 2017 Y1 - 2017 CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. T1 - Experimental set-up for dynamic material investigation BT - European Conference on Thermophysical Properties 2017 Y1 - 2017 CY - Graz (Österreich) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla T1 - An Attempt to Non-Destructively Qualify the Adhesion of Thermal Barrier Coatings BT - Tempmeko 2016 Y1 - 2016 CY - Zakopane (Polen) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Shandy, Amir T1 - Non-contact detection of the adhesive properties of ceramic coatings for high temperature applications using infrared thermography; Transactions BT - Transactions Y1 - 2022 PB - SMiRT-26 CY - Berlin/Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Zipf, Matthias T1 - Non-contact temperature measurement of combustion gases at high temperatures and high pressures BT - European Conference on Thermophysical Properties 2017 Y1 - 2017 CY - Graz (Österreich) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Müller, Michael A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Möller, F. A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Schmidt, Franz A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Zänglein, Marc T1 - Einsatz von Thermografiegeräten zur berührungslosen Detektion der Haftungseigenschaften an keramischen Wärmedämmschichten BT - Temperatur 2020 Y1 - 2020 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark A1 - Hodge, D. T1 - Development of Long Wavelength Infrared Radiation Thermometry for Measurements in Gas Turbines BT - Material Science and Engineering 2016 Y1 - 2016 CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Identification of wavelength regions for non-contact temperature measurement of combustion gases at high temperatures and high pressures JF - High Temperatures – High Pressures N2 - Stationary gas turbines are still an important part of today's power supply. With increasing temperature of the hot combustion gas inside a gas turbine, the efficiency factor of the turbine increases. For this reason, it is intended to operate turbines at the highest possible gas temperature. Therefore, in the combustion chamber and especially at the position of the first stage guide vanes the gas temperature needs to be measured reliably. To determine the gas temperature, one promising approach is the application of a non-contact measurement method using a radiation thermometer. A radiation thermometer can measure the gas temperature remotely from outside of the harsh environment. At ZAE Bayern, a high temperature and high pressure gas cell has been developed for this purpose in order to investigate gases and gas mixtures under defined conditions at high pressures and high temperatures. This gas cell can … Y1 - 2020 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 241 EP - 260 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Müller, Michael A1 - Möller, F. A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Schmidt, F. A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Shandy, Amir T1 - Non-contact detection of the adhesion properties of ceramic based thermal barrier coatings by determining the surface temperatures using thermography BT - ECTP 2020 Y1 - 2020 CY - Venedig (Italien) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Brunner, Martin T1 - Optische Sensorik für die additive Fertigung T2 - 4SMARTS 2019 Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8440-6425-4 SP - 105 EP - 116 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - High temperature test-rig for emissvity and non-contact temperature measurements BT - European Conference on Thermophysical Properties 2017 Y1 - 2017 CY - Graz (Österreich) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Non-Contact Temperature Measurement Of Combustion Gases at High Temperatures and High Pressures BT - Tempmeko 2016 Y1 - 2016 CY - Zakopane (Polen) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla T1 - Ein Versuch zur berührungslosen nicht-invasiven Qualifizierung der Haftung von Wärmeschutzschichten BT - Temperatur 2017 Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-944659-04-6 SP - 71 EP - 76 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Rydzek, M. A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini-Schuster, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Bestimmung des Emissionsgrades und Transmissionsgrades keramischer Materialien bei hohen Temperaturen BT - Temperatur 2013 Y1 - 2013 SN - 3-9810021-8-0 SP - 219 EP - 224 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Lenhart-Rydzek, M. A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini-Schuster, Mariacarla A1 - Manara, Jochen T1 - Enhanced measuring technique to determine the angle dependent surface emittance from 200 °C up to 1600 °C BT - Tempmeko 2013 Y1 - 2013 CY - Funchal (Portugal) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark T1 - Long Wavelength Infrared Radiation Thermometry for Non-Contact Temperature Measurements in Gas Turbines BT - GTI Gas Turbine Instrumentation Conference Y1 - 2015 CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark T1 - Entwicklung und Test eines langwelligen Strahlungsthermometers zur berührungslosen Temperaturmessung in Gasturbinen während des Betriebs BT - Temperatur 2017 Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-944659-04-6 SP - 43 EP - 48 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan A1 - Manara, Jochen T1 - Experimentierplattform für dynamische Materialuntersuchung BT - Temperatur 2020 Y1 - 2020 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Schmidt, Franz T1 - Experimental set-up for dynamic material investigation at high-temperatures for power engineering and additive manufacturing BT - 44. Freiburger Infrarot Kolloquium Y1 - 2019 CY - Freiburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Müller, Michael A1 - Möller, F. T1 - Systematische thermophysikalische Charakterisierung von Wärmedämmschichten BT - Sensoren und Messsysteme 2019 Y1 - 2019 CY - Nürnberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Müller, Michael A1 - Möller, F. T1 - Thermophysikalische Charakterisierung von Wärmedämmschichten BT - Temperatur 2020 Y1 - 2020 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan T1 - Untersuchung von Materialeigenschaften additiv gefertigter Proben abhängig von der relativen Dichte BT - Temperatur 2020 Y1 - 2020 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Ochs, Dennis A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan T1 - Einsatz optischer Sensoranwendungen für additive Fertigungsverfahren BT - Werkstoffwoche 2019 Y1 - 2019 CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Schmidt, Franz A1 - Brunner, Martin T1 - Optical Sensor systems for additive manufacturing BT - Tempmeko 2019 Y1 - 2019 CY - Chengdu (China) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jürgen, Hartmann A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter T1 - Development and Evaluation of an Improved Apparatus for Measuring the Emissivity at High Temperatures JF - Sensors N2 - An improved apparatus for measuring the spectral directional emissivity in the wavelength range between 1 µm and 20 µm at temperatures up to 2400 K is presented in this paper. As a heating unit an inductor is used to warm up the specimen, as well as the blackbody reference to the specified temperatures. The heating unit is placed in a double-walled vacuum vessel. A defined temperature, as well as a homogenous temperature distribution of the whole surrounding is ensured by a heat transfer fluid flowing through the gap of the double-walled vessel. Additionally, the surrounding is coated with a high-emitting paint and serves as blackbody-like surrounding to ensure defined boundary conditions. For measuring the spectral directional emissivity at different emission angles, a movable mirror is installed in front of the specimen, which can be adjusted by a rotatable arrangement guiding the emitted radiation into the attached FTIR-spectrometer. The setup of the emissivity measurement apparatus (EMMA) and the measurement procedure are introduced, and the derived measurement results are presented. For evaluating the apparatus, measurements were performed on different materials. The determined emissivities agree well with values published in literature within the derived relative uncertainties below 4% for most wavelengths. KW - emissivity KW - reflectivity KW - infrared radiation KW - high temperature KW - Temperatur KW - Emissivität Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6252 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186252 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 21 IS - 18 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark A1 - Hodge, D. T1 - Development of Long Wavelength Infrared Radiation Thermometry for Measurements in Gas Turbines BT - Key Note Lecture MSE 2016 Y1 - 2016 CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Lenski, Philipp A1 - Zänglein, Marc A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Schreiber, Ekkehard A1 - Krüger, U. A1 - Schmidt, Franz A1 - Brunner, Martin T1 - Sensor systems for additive manufacturing Y1 - 2018 PB - Key Note Lecture MSE 2018 CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Zipf, Matthias A1 - Stark, Thomas A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Ebert, Hans-Peter A1 - Tutschke, Andreas A1 - Hallam, Andrew A1 - Hanspal, Jagdevinder A1 - Langley, Mark T1 - Development and validation of a long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation thermometer for contactless temperature measurements in gas turbines during operation T2 - EVI-GTI and PIWG Joint Conference on Gas Turbine Instrumentation N2 - A collection of slides from the author's conference presentation is given. The presentation introduces the infrared-optical characterization of thermal barrier coatings and the development of LWIR pyrometer for measuring temperature in an operating gas turbine. The test facility for evaluating the LWIR pyrometer is also presented. This presentation includes the experimental setup for LWIR calibration and measurement. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7827904 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - IET ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Jürgen A1 - Knopp, Kevin A1 - Shandy, Amir A1 - Winterstein, Achim A1 - Arduini, Mariacarla A1 - Hemberger, Frank A1 - Vidi, Stephan A1 - Manara, Jochen A1 - Müller, Michael T1 - Thermophysikalische Charakterisierung von Wärmedämmschichten T1 - Thermophysical characterization of thermal barrier layers JF - tm - Technisches Messen N2 - Die Effizienzsteigerung moderner Gasturbinen erfordert die stetige Anhebung der Betriebstemperatur. Die derzeitigen Brenngastemperaturen liegen mit über 1400 °C signifikant über der kritischen Temperatur der verwendeten Turbinenstähle. Zur Gewährleistung der Betriebssicherheit werden die Turbinenschaufeln neben Aktivkühlung durch Beschichtung mit thermischen Schutzschichten, sogenannten thermal barrier coatings (TBC), geschützt. Da es sich bei den TBC um Keramikschichten handelt, ist für die Erhöhung der Haftfestigkeit das Aufbringen eines Haftvermittlers (Verbindungsschicht) notwendig. Da die Eigenschaften dünner Schichten stark von den Eigenschaften des Bulkmaterials abweichen können und zudem von der Herstellungsmethode beeinflusst werden, ist eine Untersuchung der thermischen und infrarot-optischen Eigenschaften der tatsächlichen Schichtstrukturen unumgänglich, insbesondere im Hochtemperaturbereich. Hierfür wurden Proben des reinen Trägerstahls, des Trägerstahls mit Haftvermittlerschicht und des kompletten Schichtsystems aus Trägerstahl, Haftvermittlerschicht und Wärmedämmschicht verschiedener Dicken hergestellt und mittels Laser-Flash-Methode untersucht. Die Auswertung erfolgte dabei analytisch, ausgehend von der Trägerstahl-Einschichtprobe, über die Zweischicht- und Dreischichtsysteme. Vervollständigt wurden diese Untersuchungen durch infrarot-optische Charakterisierungen, mit denen sich die Wärmeausbreitung durch die Schichtsysteme beschreiben lässt. Zusammen mit den Laser-Flash Messungen erlaubt dies eine spätere Quantifizierung der einzelnen, bei Keramiken auftretenden, Wärmetransportmechanismen. N2 - Increasing the efficiency of modern gas turbines requires the increase of operating temperature. Current fuel gas temperatures above 1400 °C significantly exceed critical temperatures of the turbine steels used. To ensure operational safety, the turbine blades are actively cooled and also protected by protective layers, the so-called thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Since the TBC are ceramic layers, an adhesion promoter (bond coat) must be applied to increase the adhesive strength. Since properties of thin layers can differ from properties of the bulk material and are also influenced by the manufacturing method, an investigation of the thermal and infrared-optical properties of the actual layer is essential, especially in the high temperature range. For this purpose, samples of the pure carrier steel, the carrier steel with bond coat and the complete layer system of carrier steel, bond coat and TBC of various thicknesses were produced and examined using the laser flash method. The evaluation was carried out analytically, starting from the single-layer sample, via the two-layer and three-layer systems. These investigations were completed by infrared-optical characterizations, allowing the description of the heat transport through the layer systems. These measurements allow a future quantification of the individual heat transport mechanisms occurring in ceramics. KW - kontaktlose Messung KW - thermische Charakterisierung KW - thermische Wärmeschutzbarrieren KW - Kontaktwiderstand KW - Laser-Flash-Verfahren KW - Contactless measurement KW - thermal characterization KW - thermal barrier coatings KW - contact resistance KW - laser flash method Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2021-0074 VL - 88 IS - 12 PB - Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag ER -