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  <doc>
    <id>3905</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>103037</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>103037</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>56</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Future role and economic benefits of hydrogen and synthetic energy carriers in Germany: a review of long-term energy scenarios</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Determining the development of Germany’s energy system is the subject of a series of studies. Since their results play a significant role in the political energy debate for understanding the role of hydrogen and synthetic energy carriers, a better discussion is needed. This article provides an assessment of published transition pathways for Germany to assess the role and advantages of hydrogen-based carriers. Twelve energy studies including 37 scenarios for the years 2030 and 2050 were evaluated. Despite the variations, the carrier will play an important role. While their deployment is expected to have only started by 2030 with a mean demand of 91 TWh/a (4% of the final energy demand) in Germany, they will be an essential part by 2050 with a mean demand of 480 TWh/a (24%). The outcome of the scenarios depends on the chosen methods and assumptions. A moderately positive correlation (0.53) between the decarbonisation targets and the share of hydrogen-based carriers in final energy demand underlines the relevance for reaching the climate targets. Additionally, value creation effects of about 16 billion EUR/a in 2050 can be expected for hydrogen-based carriers. Hydrogen is expected to be produced domestically while synthetic fuels are projected to be mostly imported.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">22131388</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.seta.2023.103037</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.data">@articleScheller.2023, author = Scheller, Fabian and Wald, Stefan and Kondziella, Hendrik and Gunkel, Philipp Andreas and Bruckner, Thomas and Keles, Dogan, year = 2023, title = Future role and economic benefits of hydrogen and synthetic energy carriers in Germany: a review of long-term energy scenarios, pages = 103037, volume = 56, issn = 22131388, journal = Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, doi = 10.1016/j.seta.2023.103037</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.dataHash">md5:d51b7b4da77e7d45602efee6f5256a4c</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2023-08-17T08:05:35+00:00</enrichment>
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    <author>Fabian Scheller</author>
    <author>Stefan Wald</author>
    <author>Hendrik Kondziella</author>
    <author>Philipp Andreas Gunkel</author>
    <author>Thomas Bruckner</author>
    <author>Dogan Keles</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="fwi">Fakultät Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="insys">Institut für Sustainable Energy Systems (INSYS)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3919</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>108852</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>108852</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>147</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Variability in electricity consumption by category of consumer: The impact on electricity load profiles</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Residential electrification of transport and heat is changing consumption and its characteristics significantly. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of socio-techno-economic determinants on residential consumption. However, they fail to capture the distributional characteristics of such consumer groups, which impact network planning and flexibility assessment. Using actual residential electricity consumption profile data for 720,000 households in Denmark, we demonstrate that heat pumps are more likely to influence aggregated peak consumption than electric vehicles. At the same time, other socio-economic factors, such as occupancy, dwelling area and income, show little impact. Comparing the extrapolation of a comprehensive rollout of heat pumps or electric vehicles indicates that the most common consumer category deploying heat pumps has 14% more maximum consumption during peak load hours, 46% more average consumption and twice the higher median compared to households owning an electric vehicle. Electric vehicle show already flexibility with coincidence factors that ranges between 5 and 15% with a maximum of 17% whereas heat pumps are mostly baseload. The detailed and holistic outcomes of this study support flexibility assessment and grid planning in future studies but also the operation of flexible technologies.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Electrical Power &amp; Energy Systems</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1879-3517</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108852</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.data">@articleAndreasGunkel.2023, author = Andreas Gunkel, Philipp and Klinge Jacobsen, Henrik and Bergaentzlé, Claire-Marie and Scheller, Fabian and Møller Andersen, Frits, year = 2023, title = Variability in electricity consumption by category of consumer: The impact on electricity load profiles, pages = 108852, volume = 147, issn = 01420615, journal = International Journal of Electrical Power &amp; Energy Systems, doi = 10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108852</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.dataHash">md5:d842de01a227b46cb21cb0c0893c3217</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2023-08-17T08:05:35+00:00</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.import.format">bibtex</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.id">64ddd4cf12e1a0.32021821</enrichment>
    <author>Philipp Andreas Gunkel</author>
    <author>Henrik Klinge Jacobsen</author>
    <author>Claire-Marie Bergaentzlé</author>
    <author>Fabian Scheller</author>
    <author>Frits Møller Andersen</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="fwi">Fakultät Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="insys">Institut für Sustainable Energy Systems (INSYS)</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
