@article{SchweighartThaetzDemaretal., author = {Schweighart, Roxana and Th{\"a}tz, Jessica and Demar, Lisa and Zehl, Franziska and Neuderth, Silke and L{\"o}bmann, Rebecca}, title = {Welche Bedarfe haben Studierende hinsichtlich gesundheitsf{\"o}rderlicher Maßnahmen und welche sind ihnen bekannt?}, series = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, journal = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, doi = {10.1007/s11553-023-01031-w}, abstract = {Hintergrund Viele Studierende in Deutschland sind von gesundheitlichen Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen, darunter prim{\"a}r von Stress und psychischen Belastungen, betroffen. Die Pr{\"a}valenz psychischer St{\"o}rungen nimmt unter Studierenden kontinuierlich zu. Im Rahmen des Studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements an der Hochschule f{\"u}r Angewandte Wissenschaften W{\"u}rzburg-Schweinfurt wurden Bedarfe und W{\"u}nsche zu Gesundheitsbereichen, die Studierende als relevant f{\"u}r ihr Studium betrachten, erfasst und das Wissen {\"u}ber vorhandene Gesundheitsangebote ermittelt. Methoden Im Mai 2022 wurde ein standardisierter Online-Fragebogen per E‑Mail an alle Studierenden der Hochschule W{\"u}rzburg-Schweinfurt geschickt. Unterschiede zwischen den Hochschulstandorten sowie zwischen deutsch- und nicht-deutschmuttersprachigen Studierenden wurden {\"u}ber nonparametrische Verfahren ermittelt. Ergebnisse Stress und psychische Belastung sind gesundheitsgef{\"a}hrdende Probleme, mit denen sich die Befragten besonders h{\"a}ufig konfrontiert sehen. Studieren in Schweinfurt und Fremdsprachlichkeit stehen in Zusammenhang mit einer erh{\"o}hten Relevanz einiger Gesundheitsbereiche. Unterst{\"u}tzungsangebote w{\"u}nschen sich die Befragten v. a. in den Bereichen Sport/Bewegung, psychische Belastung/Erkrankung und Stressreduktion. Die Studierenden haben mitunter kaum Kenntnis {\"u}ber vorhandene Angebote. Vor allem Studierende in Schweinfurt und internationale Studierende sind kaum informiert. Schlussfolgerungen Erstens sollten vorrangig Angebote zur Reduktion von Stress und psychischer Belastung an der Hochschule implementiert werden. Zweitens sollten zuk{\"u}nftig die gesundheitlichen Belange von Studierenden in Schweinfurt und internationalen Studierenden st{\"a}rkere Beachtung finden. Drittens sollten alle Studierenden verst{\"a}rkt {\"u}ber bereits bestehende Angebote informiert werden.}, language = {de} } @article{SchweighartDemarThaetz, author = {Schweighart, Roxana and Demar, Lisa and Th{\"a}tz, Jessica}, title = {Unterst{\"u}tzungsgespr{\"a}che als Teil des Studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements - Erfahrungen an der Technischen Hochschule W{\"u}rzburg-Schweinfurt}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Beratung und Studium (ZBS)}, volume = {18}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Beratung und Studium (ZBS)}, number = {2+3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsVerlagWebler}, address = {Bielefeld}, issn = {1860-3068}, pages = {48 -- 53}, language = {de} } @article{Mueller, author = {M{\"u}ller, Nicholas}, title = {Mensch und Technik in der angewandten Forschung}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, volume = {57}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, issn = {2198-2775}, pages = {372 -- 384}, abstract = {Empirische Erkenntnisse der Grundlagenforschung in den Alltag zu {\"u}berf{\"u}hren, ist eine der elementaren Herausforderungen der angewandten Forschung. Insbesondere im Zusammenhang der Mensch-Technik-Interaktionsforschung werden Erkenntnisse der Ingenieurs‑, Kognitions- und Sozialwissenschaften interdisziplin{\"a}r kombiniert und in nutzbringende Kontexte {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt. Der vorliegende Artikel betrachtet ausgew{\"a}hlte Themengebiete aus dem Forschungsgebiet Human-Computer-Interaction: Roboter und k{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz, Virtual und Augmented Reality sowie Datensicherheit im Hinblick auf IoT-Ger{\"a}te. In den einzelnen Abschnitten wird ein {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Themengebiete gegeben und die aktuelle Forschung, sowie Herausforderungen f{\"u}r die Anwendung der Technologien betrachtet. Den verschiedenen Herausforderungen m{\"u}ssen Forscher dabei mit Interdisziplinarit{\"a}t und Praxisbezug begegnen.}, language = {de} } @article{Weber, author = {Weber, Kristin}, title = {Rezension „Security Awareness"}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, volume = {57}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, issn = {2198-2775}, pages = {631 -- 633}, abstract = {Der „Faktor Mensch" ist heute im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung wichtiger denn je f{\"u}r die Gew{\"a}hrleistung der Informationssicherheit in Organisationen. Durch geeignete Sensibilisierungsmaßnahmen werden die Anwender zu wertvollen Ressourcen f{\"u}r den Schutz sensibler Informationen und der IT-Infrastruktur. Und obwohl diese Sensibilisierung - oder Information Security Awareness - ein hochaktuelles und relevantes Thema ist, gibt es derzeit sehr wenige deutschsprachige B{\"u}cher dazu auf dem Markt. Grund genug, sich mit einer von zwei Neuerscheinungen der letzten Jahre auseinanderzusetzen.}, language = {de} } @article{Heusinger, author = {Heusinger, Moritz}, title = {Dimensionality reduction in the context of dynamic social media data streams}, series = {Evolving Systems}, journal = {Evolving Systems}, issn = {1868-6486}, abstract = {In recent years social media became an important part of everyday life for many people. A big challenge of social media is, to find posts, that are interesting for the user. Many social networks like Twitter handle this problem with so-called hashtags. A user can label his own Tweet (post) with a hashtag, while other users can search for posts containing a specified hashtag. But what about finding posts which are not labeled by the creator? We provide a way of completing hashtags for unlabeled posts using classification on a novel real-world Twitter data stream. New posts will be created every second, thus this context fits perfectly for non-stationary data analysis. Our goal is to show, how labels (hashtags) of social media posts can be predicted by stream classifiers. In particular, we employ random projection (RP) as a preprocessing step in calculating streaming models. Also, we provide a novel real-world data set for streaming analysis called NSDQ with a comprehensive data description. We show that this dataset is a real challenge for state-of-the-art stream classifiers. While RP has been widely used and evaluated in stationary data analysis scenarios, non-stationary environments are not well analyzed. In this paper, we provide a use case of RP on real-world streaming data, especially on NSDQ dataset. We discuss why RP can be used in this scenario and how it can handle stream-specific situations like concept drift. We also provide experiments with RP on streaming data, using state-of-the-art stream classifiers like adaptive random forest and concept drift detectors. Additionally, we experimentally evaluate an online principal component analysis (PCA) approach in the same fashion as we do for RP. To obtain higher dimensional synthetic streams, we use random Fourier features (RFF) in an online manner which allows us, to increase the number of dimensions of low dimensional streams.}, language = {en} } @article{Heusinger, author = {Heusinger, Moritz}, title = {Passive concept drift handling via variations of learning vector quantization}, series = {Neural Computing and Applications}, volume = {34}, journal = {Neural Computing and Applications}, issn = {1433-3058}, pages = {89 -- 100}, abstract = {Concept drift is a change of the underlying data distribution which occurs especially with streaming data. Besides other challenges in the field of streaming data classification, concept drift has to be addressed to obtain reliable predictions. Robust Soft Learning Vector Quantization as well as Generalized Learning Vector Quantization has already shown good performance in traditional settings and is modified in this work to handle streaming data. Further, momentum-based stochastic gradient descent techniques are applied to tackle concept drift passively due to increased learning capabilities. The proposed work is tested against common benchmark algorithms and streaming data in the field and achieved promising results.}, language = {en} } @article{Weber, author = {Weber, Kristin}, title = {Insider Threats}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, volume = {57}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, issn = {2198-2775}, pages = {613 -- 627}, abstract = {Eine große Bedrohung f{\"u}r die Informationssicherheit geht von Mitarbeitern aus, die absichtlich der eigenen Organisation schaden wollen. Mitarbeiter besitzen Zugriffsrechte f{\"u}r sensible Informationen und genießen das Vertrauen des Unternehmens. Werden sie allerdings aufgrund pers{\"o}nlicher Motive oder {\"a}ußerer Umst{\"a}nde zu Whistleblowern, Spionen, Betr{\"u}gern, Saboteuren, Malicious Enablern oder Datendieben, k{\"o}nnen sie großen Schaden anrichten. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Motive sogenannter Malicious Insider und stellt die sechs verschiedenen Typen anhand von realen Beispielen der j{\"u}ngeren Vergangenheit vor. Er zeigt, welche erkennenden, pr{\"a}ventiven und reaktiven Maßnahmen Organisationen ergreifen sollten, um die Risiken durch Attacken von b{\"o}swilligen Insidern zu minimieren. Der Fokus liegt auf den erkennenden Maßnahmen. Durch fr{\"u}hzeitiges Eingreifen werden Mitarbeiter gar nicht erst zu Malicious Insidern. Eine Kombination aus pers{\"o}nlicher Veranlagung (z. B. Introversion, Gier, Kritikunf{\"a}higkeit), Stressfaktoren (z. B. Frustration, Unzufriedenheit) und auff{\"a}lligem Verhalten (z. B. außergew{\"o}hnliche Arbeitszeiten oder Reiseziele) weist h{\"a}ufig auf potentielle T{\"a}ter hin.}, language = {de} } @article{Sesselmann, author = {Sesselmann, Stefan}, title = {An intratendious ganglion cyst of the patellar tendon - A rare cause of anterior knee pain}, series = {Georgian Medical News}, volume = {343}, journal = {Georgian Medical News}, number = {10}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53678}, abstract = {Ganglion cysts in the knee region can manifest as anterior knee pain. Unlike synovial cysts, these lesions lack synovial epithelial lining and occur secondary to mucoid degeneration of connective tissue because, often in response to chronic irritation and repetitive traumas. However, an intratendinous location is a rare finding. In the knee region, infrapatellar fat pad, the alar folds, and the anterior cruciate ligament are recognized to degenerate into ganglion. There are few case reports describing an involvement of the patellar tendon. We present the clinical case of a 72 years old male patient suffering from anterior knee pain attributed to an intratendinous ganglion cyst of the patellar tendon, obviously after a single traumatic event. After aspiration of the ganglion cyst the patient reported no complaints, and there has been no recurrence during the latest follow-up examination.}, language = {en} } @article{Boerdlein, author = {B{\"o}rdlein, Christoph}, title = {Promoting Hand Sanitizer Use in a University Cafeteria}, series = {Behavior and Social Issues}, volume = {29}, journal = {Behavior and Social Issues}, issn = {2376-6786}, pages = {255 -- 263}, abstract = {Handwashing is the most cost-efficient method to lower the risk of the transmission of infectious diseases. Especially before eating in public places like cafeterias, handwashing is recommended. Often, people do not wash their hands before eating because of the response effort associated with going to the bathroom. As an alternative way to improve hygiene, disinfection with a hand sanitizer gel is recommended. The current study used an A-B-C-A design (and a no-intervention control site) with prompts and feedback to increase the number of cafeteria patrons using hand sanitizer. Dispensers for hand sanitizer gel were placed at the entrance area of two halls of a university cafeteria. Intervention took place in one hall, whereas the other served as a control. After baseline, a poster explaining the usefulness of hand sanitizing was posted near the entrance of the cafeteria. This led to a doubling of the percentage of cafeteria patrons using the hand sanitizer, from 10.79\% during baseline to 24.45\%. A second poster provided feedback about the percentage of patrons sanitizing their hands and asked for more participation. This led to no further increases in hand sanitizing (23.73\%). After all posters were removed, the percentage dropped to 15.63\% in the mean. This research demonstrated that a simple, informative prompt can have a considerable impact on hand-sanitizing behavior. However, the role of feedback in such interventions remains questionable.}, language = {en} } @article{HellBrandmeierBriechleetal., author = {Hell, Maximilian and Brandmeier, Melanie and Briechle, Sebastian and Krzystek, Peter}, title = {Classification of Tree Species and Standing Dead Trees with Lidar Point Clouds Using Two Deep Neural Networks: PointCNN and 3DmFV-Net}, series = {PFG - Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science}, volume = {90}, journal = {PFG - Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science}, issn = {2512-2819}, doi = {10.1007/s41064-022-00200-4}, pages = {103 -- 121}, abstract = {Knowledge about tree species distribution is important for forest management and for modeling and protecting biodiversity in forests. Methods based on images are inherently limited to the forest canopy. Airborne lidar data provide information about the trees' geometric structure, as well as trees beneath the upper canopy layer. In this paper, the potential of two deep learning architectures (PointCNN, 3DmFV-Net) for classification of four different tree classes is evaluated using a lidar dataset acquired at the Bavarian Forest National Park (BFNP) in a leaf-on situation with a maximum point density of about 80 pts/m2. Especially in the case of BFNP, dead wood plays a key role in forest biodiversity. Thus, the presented approaches are applied to the combined classification of living and dead trees. A total of 2721 single trees were delineated in advance using a normalized cut segmentation. The trees were manually labeled into four tree classes (coniferous, deciduous, standing dead tree with crown, and snag). Moreover, a multispectral orthophoto provided additional features, namely the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. PointCNN with 3D points, laser intensity, and multispectral features resulted in a test accuracy of up to 87.0\%. This highlights the potential of deep learning on point clouds in forestry. In contrast, 3DmFV-Net achieved a test accuracy of 73.2\% for the same dataset using only the 3D coordinates of the laser points. The results show that the data fusion of lidar and multispectral data is invaluable for differentiation of the tree classes. Classification accuracy increases by up to 16.3\% points when adding features generated from the multispectral orthophoto.}, language = {en} } @article{KneerKlinerKielinetal., author = {Kneer, Katharina and Kliner, A. and Kielin, K. and R{\"u}ttinger, D. and Walter, V. and Reusch, A. and Neuderth, Silke}, title = {Wie k{\"o}nnen Studierende {\"u}ber gesundheitsf{\"o}rderliche Angebote an ihrem Studienort informiert werden?}, series = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, journal = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1861-6755}, doi = {10.1007/s11553-025-01195-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57838}, abstract = {Hintergrund Studierende weisen spezifische gesundheitsbezogene Problemlagen auf und besitzen h{\"a}ufig unzureichende Kenntnisse {\"u}ber regionale Angebote der Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung. Das Ziel der Studie war die Entwicklung und Umsetzung einer bedarfsgerechten Informationsstrategie zu gesundheitsf{\"o}rderlichen Angeboten. Methode Studierende wurden per Online-Fragebogen und in Fokusgruppen zu Bedarfen und W{\"u}nschen im Hinblick auf Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung befragt. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse wurden eine Website und ein Social-Media-Kanal entwickelt und umgesetzt. Ergebnisse In der Befragung wurden die Gesundheitsbereiche „Stress" und „psychische Belastung" als besonders relevant betrachtet. In den Fokusgruppen wurde die Hochschule in der Pflicht gesehen, als Ansprechpartner zu und Anbieter von gesundheitspr{\"a}ventiven Leistungen aufzutreten. {\"U}ber die Angebotslandschaft waren die Studierende unzureichend informiert. Die Informationssuche erfolgte digital und eher unsystematisch. F{\"u}r die Website, die im November 2023 ans Netz ging, wurden die regionalen Angebote grafisch aufbereitet. Die Akzeptanz der Seite ist - basierend auf den Besucherzahlen - gut. Der Instagramkanal startete im Juni 2022 und konnte {\"u}ber 16.700 Konten erreichen. Schlussfolgerung Die Hochschulen sind gefordert, als Ansprechpartner zu und Anbieter von gesundheitsf{\"o}rderlichen Angeboten aufzutreten. Initiativen zum studentischen Gesundheitsmanagement (SGM) sind h{\"a}ufig {\"u}ber Projektmittel zeitlich befristet finanziert. Eine Verstetigung k{\"o}nnte die Gesundheitskompetenz f{\"o}rdern und zur Profilbildung von Hochschulen beitragen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus bedarf es der zielgruppenspezifischen digitalen Information zu regionalen Angeboten und einer tragf{\"a}higen Verstetigungsstrategie.}, language = {de} } @article{RenzNeuderthKneer, author = {Renz, Silvan and Neuderth, Silke and Kneer, Katharina}, title = {Arm und krank? Sozialbedingte gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten bei Studierenden}, series = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, journal = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1861-6755}, doi = {10.1007/s11553-024-01168-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57754}, abstract = {Hintergrund Geringe finanzielle Mittel bzw. ein niedriger sozio{\"o}konomischer Status stehen in der Allgemeinbev{\"o}lkerung mit einer h{\"o}heren Morbidit{\"a}t und Mortalit{\"a}t in Zusammenhang. Studierende verf{\"u}gen i. Allg. {\"u}ber geringe finanzielle Mittel und neigen im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbev{\"o}lkerung zu einer schlechteren Einsch{\"a}tzung ihrer Gesundheit; zudem zeigen sie h{\"a}ufig gesundheitsrelevante Risikoverhaltensweisen. Ziel Es sollen m{\"o}gliche Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen sozio{\"o}konomischen Variablen und der Gesundheit sowie dem Gesundheitsverhalten Studierender an der Technischen Hochschule W{\"u}rzburg-Schweinfurt (THWS) beschrieben werden, um hieraus Schlussfolgerungen f{\"u}r das studentische Gesundheitsmanagement zu ziehen. Methode In Form einer querschnittlichen Online-Fragebogenstudie, wurden Studierende der Technischen Hochschule W{\"u}rzburg-Schweinfurt (N = 238) zu Gesundheit, Gesundheitsverhalten und sozio{\"o}konomischer Situation befragt. Die Auswertung erfolgte {\"u}ber deskriptive Statistiken und Regressionsanalysen. Ergebnisse Es konnten sowohl positive wie auch negative Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen sozio{\"o}konomischen Variablen und der subjektiven Gesundheit sowie gesundheitsrelevanten Risikoverhaltensweisen ermittelt werden. Schlussfolgerung Es ist von sozialbedingten gesundheitlichen Ungleichheiten unter den befragten Studierenden auszugehen. Insbesondere verschuldete Studierende, Studierende, die ihr Einkommen als unzureichend wahrnehmen und Studierende mit niedrigem subjektiven Sozialstatus sollten als potenzielle Risikogruppen {\"u}ber das Studentische Gesundheitsmanagement (SGM) gezielt adressiert werden.}, language = {de} } @article{HenkingKlemmtWeberetal., author = {Henking, Tanja and Klemmt, Malte and Weber, Andrea Carolin and Neuderth, Silke}, title = {Patientenverf{\"u}gungen: (Non‑)Adh{\"a}renz von {\"A}rztinnen und {\"A}rzten}, series = {Ethik in der Medizin}, journal = {Ethik in der Medizin}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {0935-7335}, doi = {doi.org/10.1007/s00481-025-00853-w}, abstract = {Patientenverf{\"u}gungen stoßen in der klinischen Praxis auf verschiedene Hindernisse, die ihre rechtliche Verbindlichkeit ber{\"u}hren. Ein bislang im nationalen Kontext wenig betrachteter Aspekt bildet die Bereitschaft von {\"A}rzt:innen, den vorausverf{\"u}gten Willen umzusetzen. Die Studie nimmt die (Non‑)Adh{\"a}renz von {\"A}rzt:innen in Bezug auf Patientenverf{\"u}gungen in den Blick. Durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde eine Fallvignetten basierte Interviewstudie mit 17 {\"A}rzt:innen unterschiedlicher Fachrichtungen. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass unterschiedliche Faktoren (u. a. Orientierungen am Patientenwillen oder die Auslegung des beruflichen Ethos) die Entscheidung f{\"u}r oder gegen die Umsetzung des vorausverf{\"u}gten Willens beeinflussen k{\"o}nnen. Die Ergebnisse werden zudem vor dem Hintergrund des Zusammenspiels von Indikation und Patientenwillen diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{ErbacherBoerdlein, author = {Erbacher, Jasmin C. E. and B{\"o}rdlein, Christoph}, title = {Dog-Assisted Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders}, series = {Research on Social Work Practice}, journal = {Research on Social Work Practice}, publisher = {SAGE}, issn = {1049-7315}, doi = {10.1177/10497315241307635}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57785}, abstract = {Purpose: Despite the already extensive scientific literature on dog-assisted interventions, there is still a need to compile further reviews. In this regard, it should be noted that some of the existing reviews no longer reflect the current state of knowledge. The review presented here takes into account the current state of the literature on this topic. Methods: The present systematic literature search, which was supplemented by an open literature search, identified 13 articles from specialist databases dealing with the effects, possibilities, and challenges of dog-assisted interventions and the use of assistance dogs in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Results: Dog-assisted interventions and the use of assistance dogs can have a positive impact on children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders, their family system, caregivers, and the environment in various areas. Conclusions: Although the results appear encouraging, it should be noted that there are potential challenges.}, language = {en} } @article{GoehringBoerdlein, author = {G{\"o}hring, Anja and B{\"o}rdlein, Christoph}, title = {Using Brief Habit Reversal to Decrease Speech Disfluencies in Public Speaking}, series = {Research on Social Work Practice}, journal = {Research on Social Work Practice}, publisher = {Sage}, doi = {10.1177/10497315241301372}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57729}, pages = {10}, abstract = {Purpose: Many social workers are concerned about public speaking because of their use of speech disfluencies. Perrin et al. (2021) used brief habit reversal to reduce public-speaking speech disfluencies. The study was systematically replicated to evaluate the benefit of brief habit reversal training for social workers in decreasing speech disfluencies. Method: Nine students of social work, divided into three groups, participated in this study. After baseline, they received brief habit reversal, consisting of awareness training and instruction on a competing response. Results: The results showed that compared to baseline, all participants reduced speech disfluencies during brief habit reversal. The low rates of speech disfluencies were maintained during postsessions. At follow-up 2.5 to 6 weeks after training, six of nine participants achieved a reduction of at least 80 percent from baseline. Discussion: To further adapt the training to the field of social workers, further research would be necessary.}, language = {en} } @article{DiethelmKiryakovaLuchkoetal., author = {Diethelm, Kai and Kiryakova, Virginia and Luchko, Yuri and Tenreiro Machado, Jos{\´e} A. and Tarasov, Vasily E.}, title = {Trends, directions for further research, and some open problems of fractional calculus}, series = {Nonlinear Dynamics}, volume = {107}, journal = {Nonlinear Dynamics}, issn = {1573-269X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-07158-9}, pages = {3245 -- 3270}, abstract = {The area of fractional calculus (FC) has been fast developing and is presently being applied in all scientific fields. Therefore, it is of key relevance to assess the present state of development and to foresee, if possible, the future evolution, or, at least, the challenges identified in the scope of advanced research works. This paper gives a vision about the directions for further research as well as some open problems of FC. A number of topics in mathematics, numerical algorithms and physics are analyzed, giving a systematic perspective for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{HartKoblachMoeser, author = {Hart, Lukas and Koblach, Stefan and M{\"o}ser, Michael}, title = {Automation Strategies for the Photogrammetric Reconstruction of Pipelines}, series = {PFG - Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science}, journal = {PFG - Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science}, number = {91}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s41064-023-00244-0}, pages = {313 -- 334}, abstract = {A responsible use of energy resources is currently more important than ever. For the effective insulation of industrial plants, a three-camera measurement system was, therefore, developed. With this system, the as-built geometry of pipelines can be captured, which is the basis for the production of a precisely fitting and effective insulation. In addition, the digital twin can also be used for Building Information Modelling, e.g. for planning purposes or maintenance work. In contrast to the classical approach of processing the images by calculating a point cloud, the reconstruction is performed directly on the basis of the object edges in the image. For the optimisation of the, initially purely geometrically calculated components, an adjustment approach is used. In addition to the image information, this approach takes into account standardised parameters (such as the diameter) as well as the positional relationships between the components and thus eliminates discontinuities at the transitions. Furthermore, different automation approaches were developed to facilitate the evaluation of the images and the manual object recognition in the images for the user. For straight pipes, the selection of the object edges in one image is sufficient in most cases to calculate the 3D cylinder. Based on the normalised diameter, the missing depth can be derived approximately. Elbows can be localised on the basis of coplanar neighbouring elements. The other elbow parameters can be determined by matching the back projection with the image edges. The same applies to flanges. For merging multiple viewpoints, a transformation approach is used which works with homologous components instead of control points and minimises the orthogonal distances between the component axes in the datasets.}, language = {en} } @article{DiethelmThaiTuan, author = {Diethelm, Kai and Thai, Ha Duc and Tuan, Hoang The}, title = {Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to non-commensurate fractional-order planar systems}, series = {Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis}, volume = {25}, journal = {Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis}, issn = {1314-2224}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13540-022-00065-9}, pages = {1324 -- 1360}, abstract = {This paper is devoted to studying non-commensurate fractional order planar systems. Our contributions are to derive sufficient conditions for the global attractivity of non-trivial solutions to fractional-order inhomogeneous linear planar systems and for the Mittag-Leffler stability of an equilibrium point to fractional order nonlinear planar systems. To achieve these goals, our approach is as follows. Firstly, based on Cauchy's argument principle in complex analysis, we obtain various explicit sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of linear systems whose coefficient matrices are constant. Secondly, by using Hankel type contours, we derive some important estimates of special functions arising from a variation of constants formula of solutions to inhomogeneous linear systems. Then, by proposing carefully chosen weighted norms combined with the Banach fixed point theorem for appropriate Banach spaces, we get the desired conclusions. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effect of the main theoretical results.}, language = {en} } @article{DiethelmUhlig, author = {Diethelm, Kai and Uhlig, Frank}, title = {A New Approach to Shooting Methods for Terminal Value Problems of Fractional Differential Equations}, series = {Journal of Scientific Computing}, volume = {97}, journal = {Journal of Scientific Computing}, number = {2}, issn = {0885-7474}, abstract = {For terminal value problems of fractional differential equations of order α∈(0,1) that use Caputo derivatives, shooting methods are a well developed and investigated approach. Based on recently established analytic properties of such problems, we develop a new technique to select the required initial values that solves such shooting problems quickly and accurately. Numerical experiments indicate that this new proportional secting technique converges very quickly and accurately to the solution. Run time measurements indicate a speedup factor of between 4 and 10 when compared to the standard bisection method.}, language = {en} } @article{Klemm, author = {Klemm, Marcus}, title = {Well-being Changes from Year to Year}, series = {Journal of Happiness Studies}, journal = {Journal of Happiness Studies}, issn = {1573-7780}, abstract = {I study yearly changes in personal well-being combining data on current, retrospective and prospective life satisfaction from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Predicted and remembered changes in life satisfaction are both positive on average and match well, whereas the average year to year-change inferred from reports of current life satisfaction is negative. Retrospective assessments of past well-being are strongly influenced by current life satisfaction, significantly related to past life satisfaction and linked to past predictions of current satisfaction. Due to different problems related to the ordinal measurement scale, changes in subjective reference systems and recall ability, the analysis overall suggests that direct reports of intertemporal changes provide valuable additional information for the analysis of individual well-being.}, language = {en} } @article{DiethelmTuan, author = {Diethelm, Kai and Tuan, Hoang The}, title = {Upper and lower estimates for the separation of solutions to fractional differential equations}, series = {Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis}, volume = {25}, journal = {Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis}, issn = {1314-2224}, doi = {10.1007/s13540-021-00007-x}, pages = {166 -- 180}, abstract = {Given a fractional differential equation of order α∈(0,1] with Caputo derivatives, we investigate in a quantitative sense how the associated solutions depend on their respective initial conditions. Specifically, we look at two solutions x1 and x2, say, of the same differential equation, both of which are assumed to be defined on a common interval [0, T], and provide upper and lower bounds for the difference x1(t)-x2(t) for all t∈[0,T] that are stronger than the bounds previously described in the literature.}, language = {en} } @article{BoerdleinVorbeck, author = {B{\"o}rdlein, Christoph and Vorbeck, Benedict}, title = {Using auditory feedback in body weight training}, series = {Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis}, volume = {53}, journal = {Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis}, number = {4}, issn = {1938-3703}, doi = {10.1002/jaba.723}, pages = {2349 -- 2359}, abstract = {Auditory feedback has been successfully used to enhance performance in several sports such as golf and dance. The current study used auditory feedback procedures (i.e., a clicker) to improve the performance of 3 students performing a handstand. Handstands are part of a discipline called body weight training, that uses only the weight of an individual's own body to gain strength and body control. A multiple baseline design across four components was used to evaluate the effectiveness of auditory feedback. The results showed that auditory feedback was effective. The students and the trainer were highly satisfied with the auditory feedback procedure. Implications for future research are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{BudnikovBykovaYamshchikov, author = {Budnikov, Mikhail and Bykova, Anna and Yamshchikov, Ivan}, title = {Generalization potential of large language models}, series = {Neural Computing and Applications}, volume = {37}, journal = {Neural Computing and Applications}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {0941-0643}, doi = {10.1007/s00521-024-10827-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57807}, pages = {1973 -- 1997}, abstract = {The rise of deep learning techniques and especially the advent of large language models (LLMs) intensified the discussions around possibilities that artificial intelligence with higher generalization capability entails. The range of opinions on the capabilities of LLMs is extremely broad: from equating language models with stochastic parrots to stating that they are already conscious. This paper represents an attempt to review LLM landscape in the context of their generalization capacity as an information theoretic property of those complex systems. We discuss the suggested theoretical explanations for generalization in LLMs and highlight possible mechanisms responsible for these generalization properties. Through an examination of existing literature and theoretical frameworks, we endeavor to provide insights into the mechanisms driving the generalization capacity of LLMs, thus contributing to a deeper understanding of their capabilities and limitations in natural language processing tasks.}, language = {en} } @article{WertgenMuenchowRichteretal., author = {Wertgen, Andreas and M{\"u}nchow, Hannes and Richter, Tobias and Tiffin-Richards, Simon P.}, title = {Lasting benefits of a web-based training in understanding informal arguments}, series = {European Journal of Psychology of Education}, volume = {40}, journal = {European Journal of Psychology of Education}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {0256-2928}, doi = {10.1007/s10212-024-00930-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57796}, abstract = {Being able to comprehend informal arguments in scientific texts is important for scientific literacy in higher education. Successful intervention studies demonstrating that these skills can be trained in university students have not yet provided evidence that gains of explicit training can be maintained beyond immediate post-training assessment. In this study, we tested whether the gains in argument structure comprehension achieved using a self-directed, web-based training intervention could be maintained over several weeks as an indication of sustained improvement in scientific literacy. We also explored characteristics of students and their engagement with the training intervention that resulted in significant and sustained improvements of their argument structure comprehension skills. One hundred students took part in a voluntary supplement to their university courses, completing an online pretest, a 45-minute training session, a posttest (n = 88), and a follow-up test (n = 31). Training effects at posttest were compared with an active control group. The results suggest that the training group exhibited significant gains in argument structure comprehension. These gains were maintained across a four-week period. Students with low starting ability profited the most from the training and gains in argument comprehension were greatest for complex arguments. Training results were positively related to student motivation and this effect was fully mediated by their engagement with the training exercises. The results demonstrate that training gains can be maintained after immediate post-training assessment and suggest that training is particularly effective for low-performing students, for complex arguments, and when students are motivated and engage with the training exercises.}, language = {en} } @article{OlberdingVetter, author = {Olberding, Helge and Vetter, Mark}, title = {Dynamic 3D-Cartographic Symbols for VR Geovisualizations}, series = {KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information}, volume = {73}, journal = {KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information}, number = {4}, issn = {2524-4965}, doi = {10.1007/s42489-023-00153-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53072}, pages = {265 -- 275}, abstract = {Geovisualizations that use a virtual reality headset can have a more immersive effect on users than when only a desktop application is viewed. However, to have an overview, a VR 3D map is usually viewed from a top-down perspective. On the other hand, the first-person perspective is used when the scenario is visualized as realistically as possible, and the ultimate goal is to feel present inside the 3D city. With the help of dynamic cartographic visualization methods, such as animated symbols appearing or a dynamic change of selected or complete visualization, it is possible to convey targeted information while being inside the 3D. For this purpose, techniques and ideas from cartography and video games were utilized and combined. The combination resulted in dynamically changeable symbol objects, which can be placed automatically using tables or building information, and dynamically changeable post-processing methods. Users can interactively select a predefined set of visualization methods and show/hide dynamic cartographic symbols in the running application via an interface. The study aims to develop cartographic visualization methods that can be technically used within a game engine for VR applications to improve spatial perception.}, language = {en} } @article{Sesselmann, author = {Sesselmann, Stefan}, title = {Cubital tunnel syndrome due to an intraneural ganglion cyst of the ulnar nerve}, series = {Georgian Medical News}, volume = {343}, journal = {Georgian Medical News}, number = {10}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53666}, pages = {3}, abstract = {Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common neuropathy of the upper extremity. Cubital tunnel syndrome caused by intraneural ganglion cysts is rare in clinical practice. We present the case of a 71-year-old male patient with a 4-month history of cubital tunnel syndrome of the left elbow due to an intraneural ganglion cyst. After revision of the ulnar nerve and resection of the intraneural cyst nearly complete recovery was achieved within a 5 month follow-up but some sensory deficits of the fifth fingertip. We recommend preoperative ultrasound examination of the cubital tunnel even in cases with clear diagnosis. Ganglion cyst as a cause of cubital tunnel is rare but needs to be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible to prevent irreversible complications.}, language = {en} } @article{Volz, author = {Volz, Michael}, title = {Fatigue strength of repair-welded headed studs}, series = {ce/papers: 11th International Symposium on Steel Bridges 2024}, volume = {7}, journal = {ce/papers: 11th International Symposium on Steel Bridges 2024}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn}, doi = {10.1002/cepa.3078}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57566}, pages = {5}, abstract = {Welded connections of headed studs are highly stressed details in bridge structures in steel-concrete composite construction and are largely responsible for the functionality of the supporting structures. At the same time, this detail requires a lot of resources due to the high welding effort and therefore has a major influence on the economic success. An important criterion for the economic and ecological balance of the structure is the durability of the welded joint, which is quantified by the fatigue strength. The welding of headed studs for composite bridges is usually carried out using fully mechanised drawn arc stud welding in accordance with EN ISO 14555. Due to the process, stud welds that do not fulfil the standard requirements for flawless condition may occur in individual cases. The design rules for stud load-bearing capacity in accordance with EN 1994-2 are based on tests and only apply to connections produced using drawn arc stud welding. In the past, there were practicable and tacitly accepted solutions for repairing such sporadically occurring faulty welds, but these were never systematically investigated. Particularly against the background of fatigue loading, repair-welded stud connections are now to be systematically investigated in a project funded by the AIF. The article provides an overview of the execution of stud welded joints and presents the tests planned in the project in order to achieve a practicable recommendation for the repair welding of headed studs.}, language = {en} } @article{Henking, author = {Henking, Tanja}, title = {Suizid und Suizidbeihilfe aus rechtlicher und ethischer Perspektive}, series = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz}, volume = {65}, journal = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz}, number = {1}, issn = {1437-1588}, pages = {67 -- 73}, abstract = {Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat im Jahr 2020 das Verbot der gesch{\"a}ftsm{\"a}ßigen Beihilfe zur Selbstt{\"o}tung f{\"u}r verfassungswidrig und nichtig erkl{\"a}rt. Das Gericht leitet aus dem allgemeinen Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsrecht ein Recht auf selbstbestimmtes Sterben ab. Dieses Recht schließe auch die Freiheit ein, sich das Leben zu nehmen sowie hierf{\"u}r bei Dritten Hilfe zu suchen und Hilfe, soweit sie angeboten wird, auch in Anspruch zu nehmen. Inzwischen liegen einige Regelungsvorschl{\"a}ge und Gesetzesentw{\"u}rfe vor, die unterschiedliche Konzeptionen einer m{\"o}glichen zuk{\"u}nftigen Regelung der Suizidbeihilfe verfolgen. Der Suche nach einer neuen Regelung sollte aber aus strafrechtlicher Perspektive stets die Frage nach der Erforderlichkeit einer neuen Regelung vorausgehen. Eine Neuregelung darf sich nicht auf bestimmte Personengruppen, wie beispielsweise Personen mit unheilbarer, t{\"o}dlicher Erkrankung, beschr{\"a}nken, weil andernfalls das Suizidmotiv bewertet w{\"u}rde. Dieses bringt die besondere Herausforderung mit sich, eine Regelung zu finden, die ohne eine Bewertung des Suizidmotivs die unterschiedlichen Problem- und Bed{\"u}rfnislagen erfasst und dabei auch in den Blick nimmt, dass die Autonomie des Einzelnen in unterschiedlicher Weise gef{\"a}hrdet sein kann. Der Beitrag nimmt seinen Ausgangspunkt in dem Recht auf Selbstt{\"o}tung, beleuchtet unterschiedliche Konzepte und diskutiert ihre Vor- und Nachteile, ohne einzelne Gesetzesvorschl{\"a}ge explizit herauszustellen. Hierdurch soll die weitere Debatte um einzelne Aspekte bereichert werden. Zugleich wird daf{\"u}r geworben, gesetzgeberische Zur{\"u}ckhaltung zu {\"u}ben.}, language = {de} } @article{KlemmtHenking, author = {Klemmt, Malte and Henking, Tanja}, title = {Wishes and needs of nursing home residents and their relatives regarding end-of-life decision-making and care planning}, series = {Journal of Clinical Nursing}, volume = {29}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Nursing}, number = {13-14}, issn = {1365-2702}, pages = {2663 -- 2674}, abstract = {Aims and Objectives To explore wishes and needs, such as existing and preferred communication processes, of residents and relatives regarding medical and nursing planning at the end of life. Background Nursing home residents are a relevant target group for advance care planning (ACP) due to their high age and multimorbidity. Their relatives seem to be important partners in terms of communication and their documentation of wishes and needs. Design A qualitative descriptive design was used. Methods Thirty-two guideline-based interviews with nursing home residents (n = 24) and relatives (n = 8) were conducted in nursing homes in Germany (n = 7). All interviews were analysed by content-structured content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used to document reporting of the study. Results Residents particularly express wishes and needs regarding their health, like the desire to maintain or improve one's current state of health and to be active and mobile and also regarding their social situation, for example the well-being of relatives and beloved ones. A limited group of people was identified with whom residents spoke about issues such as preparedness and self-determination. These were mainly their relatives. Relatives themselves have a need for more communication. Various communication barriers could be identified. Conclusion Residents express diverse and partly explicit wishes and needs. Although many of the respondents had already drafted advanced directives, the demand for offers of communication to plan ahead for the end of life remains clear. The results indicate the unconditional participation of relatives and people close to the residents, if they are available. Relevance to clinical practice Derivations for a target group-related ACP concept in the study region are identified. Besides the involvement of relatives, nurses could also be involved in the communication and decision-making process of residents in nursing homes under certain conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{FleischmannHenkingNeuderth, author = {Fleischmann, Carolin and Henking, Tanja and Neuderth, Silke}, title = {Wissensstand und Fehlvorstellungen zu Vorsorgedokumenten - Ergebnisse einer B{\"u}rgerbefragung}, series = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz}, journal = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz}, doi = {10.1007/s00103-023-03751-y}, abstract = {Einleitung Vorsorgedokumente wie Patientenverf{\"u}gung oder Vorsorgevollmacht sind bedeutsame Instrumente der Vorausplanung f{\"u}r Situationen, in denen ein Mensch nicht mehr f{\"u}r sich selbst entscheiden kann. Obwohl immer mehr B{\"u}rger:innen in Deutschland solche Dokumente erstellen, ist {\"u}ber ihr Wissen zu Zweck, Arten und Anwendung von Vorsorgedokumenten wenig bekannt. Nach {\"u}ber 10 Jahren seit der gesetzlichen Verankerung der Patientenverf{\"u}gung soll diese Studie das Wissen von B{\"u}rger:innen erfassen und Wissensl{\"u}cken detektieren. Methoden In der Stadt und im Landkreis W{\"u}rzburg wurde 2021 eine Querschnittsbefragung von vollj{\"a}hrigen B{\"u}rger:innen u. a. zu Besitz, Umgang mit und Wissensstand zu Vorsorgedokumenten durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte {\"u}ber Werbeanzeigen und lokale Netzwerke. Ergebnisse Von den 282 Befragten (MAlter = 50 J., zu 2 Drittel weiblich) hatten 43,4 \% nach Selbstangabe zumindest ein Vorsorgedokument verfasst. Im Wissenstest wurden im Mittel 22/34 Punkten erreicht. Fragen zur konkreten Anwendung von Vorsorgedokumenten anhand eines Fallbeispiels sowie zu Sterbehilfearten wurden h{\"a}ufig korrekt beantwortet, wohingegen beim Faktenwissen zu den einzelnen Dokumenttypen gr{\"o}ßere Wissensdefizite bestanden. Objektiv getestetes Wissen und Variablen zum subjektiven Wissensstand korrelieren positiv. Diskussion Die relativ hohe Quote an erstellten Dokumenten in dieser Stichprobe ist Ausdruck ihrer raschen Verbreitung in den letzten Jahren. Das Wissensniveau ist als niedrig einzusch{\"a}tzen und zeigt Fehlvorstellungen zu Rechten und Pflichten der verfassenden Person sowie der beteiligten Akteure. Das gemessene Wissen der B{\"u}rger:innen steht in Diskrepanz zum h{\"a}ufig ge{\"a}ußerten Wunsch, durch informiertes Erstellen von Vorsorgedokumenten ihre Selbstbestimmung zu wahren.}, language = {de} } @article{WahyudiZieglerFriessetal., author = {Wahyudi, Vincent and Ziegler, Cedric C. and Frieß, Matthias and Schramm, Stefan and Lang, Constantin and Eberhardt, Lars and Freund, Fabian and Dobhan, Alexander and Storath, Martin}, title = {A computer vision system for recognition and defect detection for reusable containers}, series = {Machine Vision and Applications}, volume = {36}, journal = {Machine Vision and Applications}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {0932-8092}, doi = {10.1007/s00138-024-01636-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57430}, abstract = {Abstract Small load carriers (SLCs) are standardized reusable containers used to transport and protect customer goods in many manufacturers. Throughout the life cycle of the SLCs, they will be collected, manually checked for defects (wear, cracks, and residue on the surface), and cleaned by specialized logistic companies. Human operators in small to medium-sized companies manually evaluate the defects due to the variety and degree of possible defects and varying customer needs. This manual evaluation is not scalable and prone to errors. This work aims to fill this gap by proposing a computer vision system that can recognize the SLC type for inventory management and perform defect detection automatically. First, we develop a camera portal, consisting of standard components, that capture the relevant surfaces of the SLC. A labeled dataset of 17,530 images of 34 different SLCs with their defect status was recorded using this camera portal. We trained a classification model (ConvNeXt) using our dataset to predict the different types of SLCs achieving 100\% class prediction accuracy. For defect detection, we explore eight state-of-the-art (SOTA) anomaly detection models that achieved high rankings in the MVTec industrial anomaly detection benchmark. These models are trained using default hyperparameters and the two highest-scoring models were chosen and fine-tuned. The best-fine-tuned models based on "Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC)" are PatchCore (0.811) and DRAEM (0.748). These results indicate that there is still potential for improvement in the automation of defect detection of SLCs.}, language = {en} } @article{KonradSchusterHeppner, author = {Konrad, Robert and Schuster, Denise and Heppner, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {BiA - I.D.A. - Notfallregister}, series = {Notfall + Rettungsmedizin}, journal = {Notfall + Rettungsmedizin}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1434-6222}, doi = {10.1007/s10049-024-01427-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57777}, abstract = {Hintergrund Die Sicherstellung der gesundheitlichen Versorgung der Bev{\"o}lkerung im Zivilschutzfall obliegt den nach Landesrecht zust{\"a}ndigen Beh{\"o}rden, die der Bund bei Bedarf mit entsprechenden Maßnahmen unterst{\"u}tzt. Der meist {\"u}ber die regul{\"a}ren Rettungsdienstressourcen hinausgehende Umfang an Versorgungsbedarf von Betroffenen h{\"a}ngt stark von der Ursache des Einsatzgeschehens ab. F{\"u}r die Vorplanung sowie die Einhaltung von Versorgungsstandards sind valide Daten erforderlich, die die versorgenden Hilfsorganisationen von Beginn an eine Eingruppierung in Soforthilfe, {\"U}bergangshilfe oder Wiederaufbauhilfe vornehmen sowie eventuelle Sonderversorgungsbedarfe erkennen lassen. Ziel der Arbeit/Fragestellung Welche Instrumente sind verf{\"u}gbar, die valide Daten f{\"u}r eine Einsch{\"a}tzung und Pflegebedarfsplanung im Bev{\"o}lkerungsschutz zur Verf{\"u}gung stellen? Material und Methoden Recherche und Analyse geeigneter und {\"o}ffentlich verf{\"u}gbarer Pflegebedarfsplanungsinstrumente im Kontext Bev{\"o}lkerungsschutz. Ergebnisse Standardisierte, frei verf{\"u}gbare Bedarfsplanungsinstrumente mit konkreten Planungsvorschl{\"a}gen f{\"u}r den Bev{\"o}lkerungsschutz gibt es derzeit nicht. Dennoch sind vielversprechende Insell{\"o}sungen verf{\"u}gbar, die als gute Planungsgrundlage verwendet werden k{\"o}nnen. Diskussion Konkrete Vorgaben zur Unterbringung und Versorgung vulnerabler Gruppen mit Pflegebedarf sind in Betreuungskonzepten derzeit nur unzureichend oder gar nicht abgebildet. Eine Zusammenf{\"u}hrung der im Netz verf{\"u}gbaren Insell{\"o}sungen w{\"u}rde ohne Weiteres eine standardisierte fl{\"a}chendeckende Nutzung zur Bedarfsplanung zulassen.}, language = {de} } @article{VolzStorathWeinmann, author = {Volz, Stefan and Storath, Martin and Weinmann, Andreas}, title = {Degrees-of-freedom penalized piecewise regression}, series = {Information and Inference: A Journal of the IMA}, volume = {14}, journal = {Information and Inference: A Journal of the IMA}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, issn = {2049-8772}, doi = {10.1093/imaiai/iaaf002}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57846}, abstract = {Many popular piecewise regression models rely on minimizing a cost function on the model fit with a linear penalty on the number of segments. However, this penalty does not take into account varying complexities of the model functions on the segments potentially leading to overfitting when models with varying complexities, such as polynomials of different degrees, are used. In this work, we enhance on this approach by instead using a penalty on the sum of the degrees of freedom over all segments, called degrees-of-freedom penalized piecewise regression. We show that the solutions of the resulting minimization problem are unique for almost all input data in a least squares setting. We develop a fast algorithm that does not only compute a minimizer but also determines an optimal hyperparameter—in the sense of rolling cross validation with the one standard error rule—exactly. This eliminates manual hyperparameter selection. Our method supports optional user parameters for incorporating domain knowledge. We provide an open-source Python/Rust code for the piecewise polynomial least squares case which can be extended to further models. We demonstrate the practical utility through a simulation study and by applications to real data. A constrained variant of the proposed method gives state-of-the-art results in the Turing benchmark for unsupervised changepoint detection.}, language = {en} } @article{GonzalezSalazarMalcher, author = {Gonzalez-Salazar, Miguel and Malcher, Xenia}, title = {Strategies for decarbonizing European district heating}, series = {Energy}, volume = {306}, journal = {Energy}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2024.132457}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57558}, pages = {13}, abstract = {Decarbonizing the EU's district heating is crucial for meeting climate goals and securing a sustainable energy future. Currently, district heating suffers from inefficiency, high operating temperatures, significant distribution losses, and reliance on fossil fuels. Literature highlights strategies for reducing emissions, including integrating low-carbon heat sources, lowering supply temperatures, and employing efficient technologies like heat pumps and combined heat and power (CHP). However, the individual effectiveness of these strategies in reducing emissions within existing networks remains unassessed. This study addresses the gap by applying a comprehensive model that evaluates energy and emissions across the district heating supply chain, coupled with a derivative-based sensitivity analysis. We apply this methodology to the national-level district heating systems of Sweden, France, Germany, and Poland. Results indicate that the impact of decarbonization strategies on district heating emissions varies significantly by the system's characteristics, i.e., the energy mix in power and district heating supply and the presence of CHP plants. Primarily, incorporating more low-carbon heat sources emerges as the most effective method for emission reduction across nearly all examined countries. A 1 \% increase in the share of low-carbon heat sources can potentially cut emissions by 0.8-1.3 kg CO2e per GJ of heat. In countries like Sweden and France, where the power generation already relies heavily on low-carbon resources, technologies which convert electricity to heat—such as heat pumps and electric boilers—rank as the second most effective approach. In contrast, for countries like Germany and Poland, with their moderate to low use of low-carbon power, reducing distribution losses and decreasing heat demand prove more effective, with emission reductions ranging between 0.8-1.3 and 0.7-1.2 kg CO2e per GJ in these countries, respectively. Additionally, cutting down power generation in fossil fuel-based CHP plants significantly reduces emissions in these regions. While green hydrogen and carbon capture and storage (CCS) also contribute to emission reductions, a 1 \% increase in green hydrogen's share might decrease emissions by just 0.3-0.5 kg CO2e per GJ of heat, highlighting their lower effectiveness compared to the aforementioned strategies. These insights hold value for both district heating operators and for technology suppliers seeking decarbonization pathways. This is also true for policy- makers focused on climate change mitigation, guiding the distribution of subsidies and R\&D investments.}, language = {en} } @article{ChaudharyDiethelmHashemishahraki, author = {Chaudhary, Renu and Diethelm, Kai and Hashemishahraki, Safoura}, title = {On the separation of solutions to fractional differential equations of order α ∈ (1, 2)}, series = {Applied Numerical Mathematics}, volume = {203}, journal = {Applied Numerical Mathematics}, doi = {10.1016/j.apnum.2024.05.020}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57338}, pages = {Article No. 38}, abstract = {Given a Caputo-type fractional differential equation with order between 1 and 2, we consider two distinct solutions to this equation subject to different sets of initial conditions. In this framework, we discuss nontrivial upper and lower bounds for the difference between these solutions. The main emphasis is on describing how such bounds are related to the differences of the associated initial values.}, language = {en} } @article{SinghChaudharyKumaretal., author = {Singh, Vikram and Chaudhary, Renu and Kumar, Umesh and Kumar, Sandeep}, title = {Approximate Controllability of Fractional Evolution System on Non-Dense Domain}, series = {Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems}, volume = {23}, journal = {Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems}, number = {S1}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1575-5460}, doi = {10.1007/s12346-024-01135-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57760}, abstract = {This article explores the existence and approximate controllability of integral solutions for Hilfer fractional evolution equations in a non-dense domain. Leveraging the well-known generalized Banach contraction theorem, we establish both the existence and uniqueness of the integral solution. Furthermore, we adopt a sequential approach to derive results related to approximate controllability, without relying on the compactness of semigroups or the uniform boundedness of nonlinear functions. To validate our findings, we present and discuss an illustrative example.}, language = {en} } @article{DiethelmHashemishahrakiThaietal., author = {Diethelm, Kai and Hashemishahraki, Safoura and Thai, Ha Duc and Tuan, Hoang The}, title = {A constructive approach for investigating the stability of incommensurate fractional differential systems}, series = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications}, volume = {540}, journal = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128642}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57547}, pages = {25}, abstract = {This paper is devoted to studying the asymptotic behaviour of solutions to generalized incommensurate fractional systems. To this end, we first consider fractional systems with rational orders and introduce a criterion that is necessary and sufficient to ensure the stability of such systems. Next, from the fractional order pseudospectrum definition proposed by Šanca et al., we formulate the concept of a rational approximation for the fractional spectrum of incommensurate fractional systems with general, not necessarily rational, orders. Our first important new contribution is to show the equivalence between the fractional spectrum of a incommensurate linear system and its rational approximation. With this result in hand, we use ideas developed in our earlier work to demonstrate the stability of an equilibrium point to nonlinear systems in arbitrary finite-dimensional spaces. A second novel aspect of our work is the fact that the approach is constructive. It is effective and widely applicable in studying the asymptotic behaviour of solutions to linear incommensurate fractional differential systems with constant coefficient matrices and linearized stability theory for nonlinear incommensurate fractional differential systems. Finally, we give numerical simulations to illustrate the merit of the proposed theoretical results.}, language = {en} } @article{OeserHeinZiegleretal., author = {Oeser, David and Hein, Thiemo and Ziegler, Andreas and Seefried, Michael and Gielinger, Sebastian and Montesinos-Miracle, Daniel and Bohn, Gunther and Ackva, Ansgar}, title = {Age-related development of cell-to-cell variation under various operating conditions in commercial NMC/graphite lithium-ion cells}, series = {Journal of Energy Storage}, volume = {101}, journal = {Journal of Energy Storage}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.est.2024.113787}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-57585}, pages = {10}, abstract = {In real applications, lithium-ion cells are usually used in individual interconnections, with the worst cell determining capacity, performance and service life. Due to different ageing rates of the assembled cells, cell-to-cell variation changes over lifetime. In literature, cell-to-cell variation is usually investigated near room temperature under one operating condition. Data regarding cell-to-cell variation above and below room temperature under different operating conditions are hard to find. To fill the gap in literature, this study considers cell-to-cell variation as a function of different charge/discharge currents at ambient temperatures between 0 °C and 40 °C on commercial NMC/graphite cells (Samsung SDI ICR18650-26J). The results demonstrate that cell-to-cell variation strongly depends on the selected operating conditions. In particular, operating conditions near the lithium plating boundary at the beginning of the ageing process have a particularly high risk of developing a pronounced variation. Fast charging or charging at lower temperatures should therefore be avoided. Operation at moderate temperatures and currents, on the other hand, only leads to a slight increase in cell-to-cell variation in the tests carried out. A 24-month storage during the testing period at 30\% SOC and room temperature of the same cells shows even a slight reduction in cell-to-cell variation.}, language = {en} } @article{GlaeserBoerdlein, author = {Gl{\"a}ser, Carolin and B{\"o}rdlein, Christoph}, title = {An Application of Behavioral Science to Improve Bicycle Safety: An Innovative Behavioral Prompting Technique}, series = {Behavior and Social Issues}, journal = {Behavior and Social Issues}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {1064-9506}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s42822-025-00208-6}, abstract = {From a behavioral community perspective, cyclists' decisions to wear helmets reflect social and cognitive biases rather than purely rational risk assessment. Despite awareness of helmet safety benefits, many cyclists, particularly students, forget helmets due to perceived inconvenience and an underestimation of risk on short trips. In a university-based intervention, we applied a community-driven behavioral prompting technique by distributing stickers featuring the Bavarian Prime Minister wearing a helmet. This simple cue led to a temporary two- to threefold increase in helmet use. However, the effect diminished over time, highlighting the limitations of this student-driven intervention. Future research should explore sustained behavioral change strategies, integrating repeated or varied prompts to reinforce long-term impact within student communities.}, language = {en} } @article{MalcherTenorioRodriguezFinkbeineretal., author = {Malcher, Xenia and Tenorio-Rodriguez, Francis Catherine and Finkbeiner, Matthias and Gonzalez-Salazar, Miguel}, title = {Decarbonization of district heating: A systematic review of carbon footprint and key mitigation strategies}, series = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews}, volume = {215}, journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews}, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, issn = {1364-0321}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115602}, language = {en} }