@article{Hartmann, author = {Hartmann, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {A comparison of the blackbody cavities for infrared ear thermometers of NMIJ, NPL, and PTB}, series = {AIST Bulletin of Metrology}, volume = {5}, journal = {AIST Bulletin of Metrology}, number = {4}, pages = {251 -- 256}, abstract = {A comparison of the NMIJ, the NPL, and the PTB blackbody cavities for infrared ear thermometers has been performed for the first time. The NMIJ and the PTB have transported their standard blackbodies to the NPL and radiance temperatures of the blackbodies of the institutes have been directly compared simultaneously using high-resolution infrared ear thermometers as comparators. The results of the comparison show that radiance temperatures realized by the NMIJ, the NPL, and the PTB cavities agree within +/-0.01 deg C, well within their uncertainty levels of around 0.04 deg C in the temperature range from 35 deg C to 42 deg C.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HartmannTegeler, author = {Hartmann, J{\"u}rgen and Tegeler, E.}, title = {Activities in the field of legal metrology and standardisation of clinical thermometers}, series = {Proceedings of Tempmeko 2004}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Tempmeko 2004}, editor = {Zvizdic, D.}, publisher = {LPM/FSB}, address = {Zagreb}, pages = {1191 -- 1196}, abstract = {Recently the CEN/TC 205/WG 12 Clinical Thermometer has finalised the European standard on clinical thermometers, EN 12470, by implementing the part 5 Clinical thermometers—Performance of infra-red ear thermometers (with maximum device). This last part of the EN 12470 series is dealing with the performance and requirements for infrared ear thermometers. The other four parts are dealing with metallic liquid-in-glass thermometers, phase change-type (dot matrix) thermometers, compact electrical thermometers (non-predictive and predictive), and electrical thermometers for continuous measurement. Beside this European standard there are national standards dealing with clinical thermometers, the most important in the USA and in Japan. In the field of legal metrology there are three OIML recommendations on clinical thermometers, covering the field of mercury-in-glass thermometers (R7), electrical thermometers for continuous measurements (R114), and electrical thermometers with maximum device (R 115).}, language = {en} }