@inproceedings{RosiliusWilhelmSeitzetal., author = {Rosilius, Maximilian and Wilhelm, Markus and Seitz, Philipp and Von Eitzen, Ingo and Wirsing, Benedikt and Rabenstein, Markus and Decker, Steffen and Br{\"a}utigam, Volker}, title = {Equalization of the Visibility Loss between AR and Real Stimuli Sizes}, series = {2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct57072.2022.00178}, pages = {821 -- 826}, abstract = {The results of the empirical study based on an AR Landolt C vision were examined to compare real and virtual visibility as a function of stimulus size on an HMD (e.g. MS HoloLens 2). A counterbalanced within-subject-design study with n = 32 probands was conducted. The results show on one hand a visibility loss between real and immersive systems by the same size of representation. On the other hand, a transfer function can be derived to ensure comparable visibility between the systems. This transfer function can be used to compensate for the visibility loss as a design guideline for immersive applications. In approximation, the Weber-Fechner's relation can be applied on AR visibility versus size of stimuli.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RosiliusWirsingvonEitzenetal., author = {Rosilius, Maximilian and Wirsing, Benedikt and von Eitzen, Ingo and Wilhelm, Markus and Schmitt, Jan and Engelmann, Bastian and Br{\"a}utigam, Volker}, title = {Evaluation of Visual Requirements and Software-Design for Immersive Visibility in Industrial Applications}, series = {2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, pages = {234 -- 239}, abstract = {Currently, many sources predict increasing use of AR technology in the industrial environment. The task of immersive productive assistance systems is to provide information contextually to the industrial user. Therefore, it is essential to explore the factors and effects that influence the visibility and the corresponding quality of this information. Caused by the technical limitations of additive display technology and application conditions, this new approach has evaluated the immersive visibility of Landolt Rings in various greyscales against ambient illuminance levels on different industrial-like surfaces, coupled with and without a white virtual background. For this purpose, an empirical study in a within-subjects-design with full factorial experimental design (n=23) was conducted on Microsoft HoloLens 2 hardware. The mean values of the main effects indicate that visibility is significantly affected by ambient illuminance (best results at lower level), greyscale (best results at middle level) and virtual background (best results with background). In contrast, the choice of surface is shown to have no statistically significant effect on visibility, however it affects the response time. Additionally, cross-interactions of variables were analyzed and lead to a design recommendation for immersive industrial applications.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RosiliusWilhelmvonEitzenetal., author = {Rosilius, Maximilian and Wilhelm, Markus and von Eitzen, Ingo and Decker, Steffen and Damek, Sebastian and Br{\"a}utigam, Volker}, title = {Sustainable Solutions by the Use of Immersive Technologies for Repurposing Buildings}, series = {Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing}, booktitle = {Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_62}, pages = {551 -- 558}, abstract = {In the context of urban production and sustainable reuse of existing buildings, a detailed planning of the later usage is indispensable. One approach is to enable large-scale AR simulation on site with a sufficient Level of Detail (LoD) and stability. To determine performance metrics, a technology-stack is created and presented that enables a realistic field experiment in an industrial environment (area of 1,314 m2) using Microsoft HoloLens 2. For the experiment, a 3D model was instantiated as often as possible up to the limit of system stability and in different LoDs (100\% down to 10\%). The result shows that it is feasible to represent 2.63 million polygons (equivalent to about 1,909 m3 of augmented space) on LOD-35\%; LoD-100\% is equivalent to 327.38 m3 and 1,284 million polygons. Polygonal density [polygons/m3] is introduced as new indicator for better comparability when using 3D models. Thus, it is possible to immersively visualize urban production planning processes in large-scale scenarios. This expands the functional planning space of Urban Production and overcomes previous technical limitations.}, language = {en} } @article{WilhelmManghisiUvaetal., author = {Wilhelm, Markus and Manghisi, Vito Modesto and Uva, Antonello and Fiorentino, Michele and Br{\"a}utigam, Volker and Engelmann, Bastian and Schmitt, Jan}, title = {ErgoTakt: A novel approach of human-centered balancing of manual assembly lines}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {97}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2020.05.250}, pages = {354 -- 360}, abstract = {Although the increasing use of automation in industry, manual assembly stations are still common and, in some situations, even inevitable. Current practice in manual assembly lines is to balance them using the takt-time of each workstation and harmonize it. However, this approach mostly does not include ergonomic aspects and thus it may lead to workforce musculoskeletal disorders, extended leaves, and demotivation. This paper presents a holistic human-centric optimization method for line balancing using a novel indicator ΜΆ the ErgoTakt. ErgoTakt improves the legacy takt-time and helps to find an optimum between the ergonomic evaluation of an assembly station and its balance in time. The authors used a custom version of the ErgoSentinel Software and a Microsoft Kinect depth camera to perform online and real-time ergonomic assessment. An optimization algorithm is developed to find the best-fitting solution by minimizing a function of the ergonomic RULA-value and the cycle time of each assembly workstation with respect to the worker's ability. The paper presents the concept, the system-setup and preliminary evaluation of an assembly scenario. The results demonstrate that the new approach is feasible and able to optimize an entire manual assembly process chain in terms of both, economic aspects of a well-balanced production line as well as the ergonomic issue of long term human healthy work.}, language = {en} }