FB1 Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaften
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Using two phenomena of violence against children and intimate partner violence and based on two case studies, we explore the extent to which social processes of interpreting and negotiating violence contribute to further theorization efforts. The central unifying element is that both forms of violence are enabled and performed in power relations and have long been socially, legally, and politically legitimized. Therefore, our study’s focus is not on violence as a subject but rather on the social negotiation and construction of meanings of actions framed as violent. This perspective is exemplified by two independent case studies and data material that illustrate how such microscopic arguments are developed empirically. The methods used for the two case studies include qualitative analyses of interviews and organizational documents. Hence, we also discuss the researchers’ involvement and challenges in these processes. Based on our analytical findings, we argue for the use of an approach of a subject appropriated theorizing violence rather than a formal theory formation of violence. The procedural analysis of violence revealed its importance in making non-public and socially taboo forms of violence analytically accessible.
Mehr als nur Zitiertechniken
(2022)
Mit der zunehmenden Einbindung von digitalen Technologien wird die Jugendarbeit zu einem soziotechnischen System. Die sozialpädagogischen Kenntnisse zur Gestaltung sozialer Interaktionen müssen dafür um das Wissen und Können technischer Komponenten erweitert werden. Dieser Artikel weist darauf hin, dass soziale Systeme durch technische Einflüsse Veränderungsprozessen unterworfen sind und die Erweiterung von professionellen Handlungskompetenzen der Sozialarbeitenden in der Jugendarbeit erfordert.
Numerical magnitude information is assumed to be spatially represented in the form of a mental number line defined with respect to a body-centred, egocentric frame of reference. In this context, spatial language skills such as mastery of verbal descriptions of spatial position (e.g., in front of, behind, to the right/left) have been proposed to be relevant for grasping spatial relations between numerical magnitudes on the mental number line. We examined 4- to 5-year-old’s spatial language skills in tasks that allow responses in egocentric and allocentric frames of reference, as well as their relative understanding of numerical magnitude (assessed by a number word comparison task). In addition, we evaluated influences of children’s absolute understanding of numerical magnitude assessed by their number word comprehension (montring different numbers using their fingers) and of their knowledge on numerical sequences (determining predecessors and successors as well as identifying missing dice patterns of a series). Results indicated that when considering responses that corresponded to the egocentric perspective, children’s spatial language was associated significantly with their relative numerical magnitude understanding, even after controlling for covariates, such as children’s SES, mental rotation skills, and also absolute magnitude understanding or knowledge on numerical sequences. This suggests that the use of egocentric reference frames in spatial language may facilitate spatial representation of numbers along a mental number line and thus seem important for preschoolers’ relative understanding of numerical magnitude.
Among the philosophical accounts of reference, Quine’s (1974) The Roots of Reference stands out in offering an integrated account of the acquisition of linguistic reference and object individuation. Based on a non-referential ability to distinguish bodies, the acquisition of sortals and quantification are crucial steps in learning to refer to objects. In this article, we critically re-assess Quine’s account of reference. Our critique will proceed in three steps with the aim of showing that Quine effectively presupposes what he sets out to explain, namely, reference to objects. We are going to argue (i) that sortals do not individuate, (ii) that bodies are already objects, and (iii) that the acquisition of variables presupposes a notion of identity. The result is diagnostic of a central desideratum for any theory of reference: an explanation of spatiotemporal object individuation.
Simulation tools aimed at enhancing cross-sectoral cooperation can support the transition from a traditional transport planning approach based on predictions towards more integrated and participatory urban mobility planning. This shift entails a broader appraisal of urban dynamics and transformations in the policy framework, capitalizing on new developments in urban modelling. In this paper, we argue that participatory social simulation can be used to solve these emerging challenges in mobility planning. We identify the functionalities that such a tool should have when supporting integrated mobility planning. Drawing on a transdisciplinary case study situated in Potsdam, Germany, we address through interviews and workshops stakeholders’ needs and expectations and present the requirements of an actionable tool for practitioners. As a result, we present three main challenges for participatory, simulation-based transport planning, including: (1) enhancement of the visioning process by testing stakeholders’ ideas under different scenarios and conditions to visualise complex urban relationships; (2) promotion of collective exchange as means to support stakeholder communication; and (3) credibility increase by early stakeholder engagement with model development. We discuss how our participatory modelling approach helps us to better understand the gaps in the knowledge of the planning process and present the coming steps of the project.
In Kooperation zwischen der Fachhochschule Potsdam und der LAGF wurde eine Elternbefragung im Land Brandenburg durchgeführt, um das subjektive Erleben der pandemiebedingten Einschränkungen von Familien zu erfassen, vorhandene bzw. potentielle gesellschaftliche Ressourcen für den Umgang mit der Corona–Pandemie zu analysieren und bedeutsame Schutzfaktoren für familiäre Bewältigungsleistungen im Umgang mit der Corona–Pandemie herauszustellen.
Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass es überwiegend die Kompetenzen der Familien selbst waren, die in der herausfordernden Situation der Corona-Pandemie zum Schutzfaktor wurden. Dieser Umstand sollte aber keinesfalls darüber hinwegtäuschen, dass nach wie vor ein großer Handlungsbedarf besteht, Familien nachhaltig zu entlasten und so zu unterstützen, dass sie Kraft schöpfen und ihre Reserven wieder auffüllen können.