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The CLEF-2024 CheckThat! Lab
(2024)
The first five editions of the CheckThat! lab focused on the main tasks of the information verification pipeline: check-worthiness, evidence retrieval and pairing, and verification. Since the 2023 edition, it has been focusing on new problems that can support the research and decision making during the verification process. In this new edition, we focus on new problems and -for the first time- we propose six tasks in fifteen languages (Arabic, Bulgarian, English, Dutch, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Slovene, Spanish, and code-mixed Hindi-English): Task 1 estimation of check-worthiness (the only task that has been present in all CheckThat! editions), Task 2 identification of subjectivity (a follow up of CheckThat! 2023 edition), Task 3 identification of persuasion (a follow up of SemEval 2023), Task 4 detection of hero, villain, and victim from memes (a follow up of CONSTRAINT 2022), Task 5 Rumor Verification using Evidence from Authorities (a first), and Task 6 robustness of credibility assessment with adversarial examples (a first). These tasks represent challenging classification and retrieval problems at the document and at the span level, including multilingual and multimodal settings.
The idea behind the DARIAH Research Data Management Working Group is to tackle the challenges associated with the implementation of new FAIR and open data sharing mandates, and offer a unique space for collaboration among representatives of all major arts and humanities disciplines, cultural heritage professionals, and data management experts. More specifically, we are building a knowledge hub for new professionals around data management support (data managers, data stewards, open science officers, subject librarians etc.) from across DARIAH’s national hubs to exchange across the discipline-specific dimension.
During our meetings, the conflict between the need for and emergence of new data support roles, and the lack of any established domain-specific curriculum to train them, or, in some cases, even a lack of established good practices, became a recurrent topic which we aimed to address. Instead of embarking on the giant endeavour of curating an exhaustive and authoritative textbook for research data support specialists who work in the arts and humanities field, our idea is to give a snapshot of our own activities in the field and highlight the valuable work of others. Accordingly, the present publication can be read as the written form of a roundtable (or town hall) discussion where experts from Austria, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Poland, and Spain have come and sat together to report and discuss past or ongoing work, share their fields of interests and provide honest and critical reflections, reveal how their institutions have developed capacities for data support, share their own stories of becoming data support professionals in the domain, and, most importantly, explore together what solutions, tools, practices, and other resources could be used and could be generalised across borders and disciplines.
This publication is the result of the Working Group’s first writing sprint, held between the 23 and 24 June 2022 at the Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IBL PAN), in the Staszic Palace. The event was made possible by the DARIAH third Working Groups’ (WG) Funding Scheme Call for the years 2021–2023 and the resulting grant, which was administered by the Digital Humanities Centre at the Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IBL PAN).
We describe the sixth edition of the CheckThat! lab, part of the 2023 Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF). The five previous editions of CheckThat! focused on the main tasks of the information verification pipeline: check-worthiness, verifying whether a claim was fact-checked before, supporting evidence retrieval, and claim verification. In this sixth edition, we zoom into some new problems and for the first time we offer five tasks in seven languages: Arabic, Dutch, English, German, Italian, Spanish, and Turkish. Task 1 asks to determine whether an item - text or text plus image- is check-worthy. Task 2 aims to predict whether a sentence from a news article is subjective or not. Task 3 asks to assess the political bias of the news at the article and at the media outlet level. Task 4 focuses on the factuality of reporting of news media. Finally, Task 5 looks at identifying authorities in Twitter that could help verify a given target claim. For a second year, CheckThat! was the most popular lab at CLEF-2023 in terms of team registrations: 127 teams. About one-third of them (a total of 37) actually participated.
We describe the outcome of the 2023 edition of the CheckThat!Lab at CLEF. We focus on subjectivity (Task 2), which has been proposed for the first time. It aims at fostering the technology for the identification of subjective text fragments in news articles. For that, we produced corpora consisting of 9,530 manually-annotated sentences, covering six languages - Arabic, Dutch, English, German, Italian, and Turkish. Task 2 attracted 12 teams, which submitted a total of 40 final runs covering all languages. The most successful approaches addressed the task using state-of-the-art multilingual transformer models, which were fine-tuned on language-specific data. Teams also experimented with a rich set of other neural architectures, including foundation models, zero-shot classifiers, and standard transformers, mainly coupled with data augmentation and multilingual training strategies to address class imbalance. We publicly release all the datasets and evaluation scripts, with the purpose of promoting further research on this topic.
In a time of climate change and growing activism, understanding how people access information is crucial. This research arises from ongoing government discussions on ecological policies and recent debates in Germany about ecological heating regulations and their cost implications. This study specifically focuses on the information seeking behavior on topics related to environmental sustainability. After reviewing existing research on information behavior, risk perception, and climate change communication, we investigate how participants search for information by surveying students. The findings could potentially inform strategies for sharing information and promoting action in Germany’s context of climate change and sustainability.
This paper presents a project that aims at supporting municipal stakeholders in rural areas by developing data-based applications in a collaborative process of stakeholders and a transfer team. In order to foster knowledge transfer in the domains of data literacy and data management on multiple levels a new approach is proposed that organizes the team competencies along the data life cycle.
Purpose
The overarching aim of this article is to consider to what extent the perceptions of librarians in Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Norway, Poland and Sweden reflect a unified view of their professional role and the role of their institutions in supporting the formation of the public sphere and to what extent the variations reflect national contexts.
Design/methodology/approach
The multi-country comparison is based on online questionnaires. The central research questions are how do librarians legitimize the use of public resources to uphold a public library service? How do librarians perceive the role of public libraries as public spaces? How do librarians perceive their professional role and the competencies needed for it? Consideration is given to how the digital and social turns are reflected in the responses.
Findings
The results show evidence of a unified professional culture with clear influences from national contexts. A key finding is that librarians see giving access as central for both legitimizing library services and for the library's role as a public sphere institution. Strong support is shown for the social turn in supporting the formation of the public sphere while the digital turn appears to be a future challenge; one of seemingly increased importance due to the pandemic.
Research limitations/implications
This study shows that libraries across the seven countries have expanded beyond simply providing public access to their book-based collections and now serve as social, learning and creative spaces: both in the physical library and digitally. Qualitative research is needed concerning librarians' notions of public libraries and librarianship, which will provide a more in-depth understanding of the changing professional responsibilities and how public libraries recruit the associated competencies.
Originality/value
The article provides a much needed insight into how librarians perceive the role of public libraries in supporting the formation of the public sphere and democratic processes, as well as their own role.
In this paper, we present a field study that examines the development, application and maintenance of classification systems and controlled vocabularies in three archives documenting lesbian, trans* and queer-feminist histories. Queer archives face the challenge of documenting identities that are inherently characterized by embracing fluidity and ambiguity. Thus, queer identities are diametrically opposed to archival procedures of unambiguous classification. At the same time, queer activism relies partly on coherent identity categories in order to be able to act politically. We examine the pragmatic solutions that queer archives establish when dealing with tensions between those requirements. Our goal is to contribute to the ongoing discussions about the ethical dimensions of classification practices. Following the work of Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star (1999) we use the concept of boundary objects as a central theoretical foundation of our research. This concept allows for tracing the negotiations and decision-making processes that influenced the creation of a specific classification system. Through conducting semi-structured interviews with staff members of queer archives in Germany we collected data about their efforts to archive the history of queer communities. Although there are initiatives developing metadata standards for queer identities, these standards are only used to a limited extent by the queer archives we examined. Rather, those archives established individual strategies for categorizing objects that are rooted in their specific history. We argue that classification systems and controlled vocabularies themselves can be understood as artifacts documenting the history of queer movements.
This conference paper introduces "Information Didactics", defining it as a new didactics concept centering on the analysis of epistemic-culture-specific behaviour as a basis for the development of instructional activities. It broadens existing traditional conceptions of Information Literacy (IL) to create a universally adoptable didactical concept applicable not only to classical IL training but also
to other instructional activities in the field of Information Science, for example the development of data literacy skills.
Inquiry-based learning has selectively found its way into the teaching of information science – not as a didactic guiding principle, however. In the following article, the basic conditions for research in information science and the application of methods in the discipline will be used to work out the opportunities provided by using inquiry-based learning formats in information science.