TY - JOUR A1 - Prytula, Michael A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Dörk, Marian A1 - Ortgiese, Michael A1 - Michel, Antje A1 - Neuroth, Heike A1 - Lehmann, Janina T1 - Transformation lernen BT - Der Masterstudiengang Urbane Zukunft an der Fachhochschule Potsdam JF - Transforming Cities KW - Stadtgestaltung KW - Stadtklima KW - Stadtökologie KW - Stadtgrün KW - Hausbegrünung KW - Ausbildung KW - Fachhochschule Y1 - 2016 SN - 2366-7281 IS - 3 SP - 76 EP - 79 PB - Trialog publishers CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Glinka, Katrin A1 - Pietsch, Christopher A1 - Dilba, Carsten A1 - Dörk, Marian T1 - Linking Structure, Texture and Context in a Visualization of Historical Drawings by Frederick William IV (1795-1861) JF - International Journal for Digital Art History N2 - In this article we present a case study on digital representation of the art historical research and metadata brought together for a scientific collection catalogue by the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg. The resulting interface aims at linking the structure and texture of a collection of drawings by Frederick William IV of Prussia (1795–1861) with additional contextual information. The article describes the context of the larger research project and presents the resulting visualization and interaction techniques specifically designed for dynamic exploration along time and subjects. KW - Information KW - Visualisierung KW - Metadaten KW - Fallstudie KW - Kunstgeschichte KW - Katalog KW - Benutzerschnittstelle Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-dah-335306 SN - 2363-5401 IS - 2 SP - 199 EP - 213 PB - Graphentis-Verl. CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Hoey, Jesse A1 - Rogers, Kimberly B. T1 - Modeling dynamic identities and uncertainty in social interaction BT - Bayesian affect control theory JF - American Sociological Review N2 - Drawing on Bayesian probability theory, we propose a generalization of affect control theory (BayesACT) that better accounts for the dynamic fluctuation of identity meanings for self and other during interactions, elucidates how people infer and adjust meanings through social experience, and shows how stable patterns of interaction can emerge from individuals’ uncertain perceptions of identities. Using simulations, we illustrate how this generalization offers a resolution to several issues of theoretical significance within sociology and social psychology by balancing cultural consensus with individual deviations from shared meanings, balancing meaning verification with the learning processes reflective of change, and accounting for noise in communicating identity. We also show how the model speaks to debates about core features of the self, which can be understood as stable and yet malleable, coherent and yet composed of multiple identities that may carry competing meanings. We discuss applications of the model in different areas of sociology, implications for understanding identity and social interaction, as well as the theoretical grounding of computational models of social behavior. KW - Sozialwesen KW - Zusammenarbeit KW - Bayes-Verfahren KW - Soziologie KW - Psychologie Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122416650963 SN - 0003-1224 VL - 81 IS - 4 SP - 828 EP - 855 PB - Sage CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albrecht, Kim A1 - Dörk, Marian A1 - Müller, Boris T1 - Culturagraphy JF - Leonardo N2 - Culturegraphy visualizes the exchange of cultural information over time. Treating cultural works as nodes and influences as directed edges, the visualization of these cultural networks can provide new insights into the rich interconnections of cultural development such as that seen in movie references. All findings reported in this article were made through a process that involved network scientists, a media theorist and a sociologist; the role that visualization can play in bridging scientific communities was central to this work. The visualizations were in fact the result of a process to bring researchers from different disciplines together. While traditionally physicists have used different methods than those used by media theorists or sociologists, physicists are increasingly asking questions similar to those asked by media theorists or sociologists as they study the dynamics in networks. Visualization can serve as a common language that brings fields together and identifies the differences between them but that also has its own idiosyncratic views. KW - Graphische Datenverarbeitung KW - Visualisierung KW - Kultur KW - Informationsnetz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/LEON_a_01230 SN - 1530-9282 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 209 EP - 210 PB - MIT Press CY - Cambridge, Mass. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Stewart, Terrence C. A1 - Thagard, Paul T1 - Intention, Emotion, and Action BT - A Neural Theory Based on Semantic Pointers JF - Cognitive Science N2 - We propose a unified theory of intentions as neural processes that integrate representations of states of affairs, actions, and emotional evaluation. We show how this theory provides answers to philosophical questions about the concept of intention, psychological questions about human behavior, computational questions about the relations between belief and action, and neuroscientific questions about how the brain produces actions. Our theory of intention ties together biologically plausible mechanisms for belief, planning, and motor control. The computational feasibility of these mechanisms is shown by a model that simulates psychologically important cases of intention. KW - Sozialität KW - Intension KW - Psychologie KW - Gefühl KW - Philosophie Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12100 SN - 1551-6709 VL - 38 IS - 5 SP - 851 EP - 880 PB - Wiley CY - Malden, Mass. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Thagard, Paul T1 - Priming BT - Constraint Satisfaction and Interactive Competition JF - Social Cognition. Suppl.: Understanding Priming Effects in Social Psychology N2 - Priming influences holistic representations of social situations and subsequent actions through interactive competition among relevant concepts such as the prime, the self, a partner, or other features of the environment. The constraints among these representations stem from culturally shared affective meanings of concepts acquired in socialization. Our theory is implemented in a localist connectionist model, which in simulations reproduced major experimental results on priming. The neural plausibility of our proposal comes from semantic pointers, a neural mechanism that integrates symbolic concepts with underlying emotional and sensorimotor processes. The compositional nature of semantic pointers also explains the interaction of priming with more deliberate and intentional forms of social cognition. KW - Psychologie KW - Sozialwesen KW - Kognition KW - Soziologie Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2014.32.supp.152 SN - 0278-016X VL - 32 IS - Suppl. SP - 152 EP - 167 PB - Guilford CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Homer-Dixon, Thomas A1 - Milkoreit, Manjana A1 - Mock, Steven M. A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Thagard, Paul T1 - The conceptual structure of social disputes BT - Cognitive-affective mapping as a tool for conflict analysis and resolution JF - SAGE Open N2 - We describe and illustrate a new method of graphically diagramming disputants’ points of view called cognitive-affective mapping. The products of this method—cognitive-affective maps (CAMs)—represent an individual’s concepts and beliefs about a particular subject, such as another individual or group or an issue in dispute. Each of these concepts and beliefs has its own emotional value. The result is a detailed image of a disputant’s complex belief system that can assist in-depth analysis of the ideational sources of the dispute and thereby aid its resolution. We illustrate the method with representations of the beliefs of typical individuals involved in four contemporary disputes of markedly different type: a clash over German housing policy, disagreements between Israelis over the meaning of the Western Wall, contention surrounding exploitation of Canada’s bitumen resources, and the deep dispute between people advocating action on climate change and those skeptical about the reality of the problem. KW - Konflikt KW - Kognition KW - Gefühl KW - Glaube Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-15802 SN - 2158-2440 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks, Calif. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, Ingo A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Neumann, Jochen A1 - de Haan, Gerhard T1 - Changing minds about electric cars BT - An empirically grounded agent-based modeling approach JF - Technological Forecasting and Social Change N2 - The diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) is considered an effective policy strategy to meet greenhouse gas reduction targets. For large-scale adoption, however, demand-side oriented policy measures are required, based on consumers' transport needs, values and social norms. We introduce an empirically grounded, spatially explicit, agent-based model, InnoMind (Innovation diffusion driven by changing Minds), to simulate the effects of policy interventions and social influence on consumers' transport mode preferences. The agents in this model represent individual consumers. They are calibrated based on empirically derived attributes and characteristics of survey respondents. We model agent decision-making with artificial neural networks that account for the role of emotions in information processing. We present simulations of 4 scenarios for the diffusion of EVs in the city of Berlin, Germany (3 policy scenarios and 1 base case). The results illustrate the varying effectiveness of measures in different market segments and the need for appropriate policies tailored to the heterogeneous needs of different travelers. Moreover, the simulations suggest that introducing an exclusive zone for EVs in the city would accelerate the early-phase diffusion of EVs more effectively than financial incentives only. KW - Emotion KW - Elektrofahrzeug KW - Verkehr KW - Sozialer Indikator KW - Meinungsänderung Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.10.010 SN - 0040-1625 IS - 94 SP - 269 EP - 285 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schofield, Tom A1 - Kirk, David A1 - Amaral, Telmo A1 - Dörk, Marian A1 - Whitelaw, Mitchell A1 - Schofield, Guy A1 - Ploetz, Thomas T1 - Archival Liveness BT - Designing with Collections Before and During Cataloguing and Digitization JF - Digital Humanities Quarterly N2 - We present "archival liveness" as a concept in design and the Digital Humanities and describe its development within a Research Through Design process. Working with a newly acquired archive of contemporary poetry we produced designs that both manifested and "geared in to" [Durrant 2011] [Gurwitsch 1979] the temporal rhythms of the work and infrastructure of archiving. Drawing on user-centred work with participants, often poets themselves, we focused on marginalia as a material feature of the archive, developing a drawing machine and live Twitter bot. Our work addresses institutional concerns for outreach and engagement while also acknowledging and exploiting the inevitably incomplete or live character of archival collections. For designers working with digital archives, we demonstrate the pragmatic and critical value of liveness as a focus of the design process. KW - Geisteswissenschaften KW - Digital KW - Design KW - Digitalisierung KW - Archivierung Y1 - 2015 SN - 1938-4122 VL - 9 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stahnke, Julian A1 - Dörk, Marian A1 - Müller, Boris A1 - Thom, Andreas T1 - Probing Projections BT - Interaction Techniques for Interpreting Arrangements and Errors of Dimensionality Reductions JF - IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics N2 - We introduce a set of integrated interaction techniques to interpret and interrogate dimensionality-reduced data. Projection techniques generally aim to make a high-dimensional information space visible in form of a planar layout. However, the meaning of the resulting data projections can be hard to grasp. It is seldom clear why elements are placed far apart or close together and the inevitable approximation errors of any projection technique are not exposed to the viewer. Previous research on dimensionality reduction focuses on the efficient generation of data projections, interactive customisation of the model, and comparison of different projection techniques. There has been only little research on how the visualization resulting from data projection is interacted with. We contribute the concept of probing as an integrated approach to interpreting the meaning and quality of visualizations and propose a set of interactive methods to examine dimensionality-reduced data as well as the projection itself. The methods let viewers see approximation errors, question the positioning of elements, compare them to each other, and visualize the influence of data dimensions on the projection space. We created a web-based system implementing these methods, and report on findings from an evaluation with data analysts using the prototype to examine multidimensional datasets. KW - Informationswissenschaft KW - Visualisierung KW - Interaktive Medien KW - Mehrdimensionalität Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2015.2467717 SN - 1941-0506 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 629 EP - 638 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER -