TY - CHAP A1 - Seitz, Hanne T1 - Kunst und Bildung in der Performance-Gesellschaft T2 - Das Geben und das Nehmen : Pädagogisch-anthropologische Zugänge zur Sozialökonomie KW - Ökonomische Anthropologie KW - Kunst KW - Bildung KW - Pädagogik KW - Gesellschaft Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7799-3650-3 SP - 82 EP - 99 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Seitz, Hanne T1 - Performative Research T2 - Performatives Lehren Lernen Forschen KW - Pädagogik KW - Forschung KW - Lernforschung Y1 - 2016 SN - 3-86863-168-2 SP - 148 EP - 168 PB - Schibri CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seitz, Hanne T1 - Das Theater mit der Partizipation JF - KM : Kultur und Management im Dialog. Sonderausgabe N2 - Mogelpackung Partizipation? – So fragt Hanne Seitz in dem Beitrag. In jüngerer Zeit kam es an verschiedensten deutschen Theaterhäusern verstärkt zu Inszenierungen, bei denen das Publikum als aktiver Akteur an den Geschehnissen auf der Bühne partizipieren sollte – mal vom Zuschauerraum aus, mal im Rampenlicht auf den Brettern, die die Welt bedeuten. Was aber bedeutet dieses Vorgehen? Wie ernst sind diese singulären und zeitlich befristeten Partizipationsprojekte gemeint? Interessiert Kulturschaffende wirklich, was ihr Publikum zu sagen hat oder sind diese Aktionen eher eine strategische Überlebensmaßnahme? KW - Kultur KW - Management KW - Theater KW - Publikum KW - Partizipation Y1 - 2016 SN - 1863-9666 IS - 3 SP - 44 EP - 47 PB - Kulturmanagement Network CY - Weimar ER - TY - JOUR A1 - O'Madagain, Cathal A1 - Kachel, Gregor A1 - Strickland, Brent T1 - The origin of pointing BT - Evidence for the touch hypothesis JF - Science Advances N2 - Pointing gestures play a foundational role in human language, but up to now, we have not known where these gestures come from. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that pointing originates in touch. We found, first, that when pointing at a target, children and adults oriented their fingers not as though trying to create an “arrow” that picks out the target but instead as though they were aiming to touch it; second, that when pointing at a target at an angle, participants rotated their wrists to match that angle as they would if they were trying to touch the target; and last, that young children interpret pointing gestures as if they were attempts to touch things, not as arrows. These results provide the first substantial evidence that pointing originates in touch. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26110 SN - 2375-2548 VL - 5 IS - 7 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moore, Richard T1 - The cultural evolution of mind-modelling JF - Synthese N2 - I argue that uniquely human forms of ‘Theory of Mind’ (or ‘ToM’) are a product of cultural evolution. Specifically, propositional attitude psychology is a linguistically constructed folk model of the human mind, invented by our ancestors for a range of tasks and refined over successive generations of users. The construction of these folk models gave humans new tools for thinking and reasoning about mental states—and so imbued us with abilities not shared by non-linguistic species. I also argue that uniquely human forms of ToM are not required for language development, such that an account of the cultural origins of ToM does not jeopardise the explanation of language development. Finally, I sketch a historical model of the cultural evolution of mental state talk. KW - Kulturelle Evolution KW - Theory of mind KW - Propositionale Einstellung KW - Sprachentwicklung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-25865 SN - 1573-0964 VL - 199 SP - 1751 EP - 1776 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marimon, Mireia A1 - Hofmann, Andrea A1 - Veríssimo, João A1 - Männel, Claudia A1 - Friederici, Angela D. A1 - Höhle, Barbara A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell T1 - Children’s Learning of Non-adjacent Dependencies Using a Web-Based Computer Game Setting JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - Infants show impressive speech decoding abilities and detect acoustic regularities that highlight the syntactic relations of a language, often coded via non-adjacent dependencies (NADs, e.g., is singing). It has been claimed that infants learn NADs implicitly and associatively through passive listening and that there is a shift from effortless associative learning to a more controlled learning of NADs after the age of 2 years, potentially driven by the maturation of the prefrontal cortex. To investigate if older children are able to learn NADs, Lammertink et al. (2019) recently developed a word-monitoring serial reaction time (SRT) task and could show that 6–11-year-old children learned the NADs, as their reaction times (RTs) increased then they were presented with violated NADs. In the current study we adapted their experimental paradigm and tested NAD learning in a younger group of 52 children between the age of 4–8 years in a remote, web-based, game-like setting (whack-a-mole). Children were exposed to Italian phrases containing NADs and had to monitor the occurrence of a target syllable, which was the second element of the NAD. After exposure, children did a “Stem Completion” task in which they were presented with the first element of the NAD and had to choose the second element of the NAD to complete the stimuli. Our findings show that, despite large variability in the data, children aged 4–8 years are sensitive to NADs; they show the expected differences in r RTs in the SRT task and could transfer the NAD-rule in the Stem Completion task. We discuss these results with respect to the development of NAD dependency learning in childhood and the practical impact and limitations of collecting these data in a web-based setting. KW - Linguistik KW - Implizites Lernen KW - Regellernen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734877 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - O’Connell, Courtney A1 - Lucić, Luka T1 - An Informal Education Intervention in Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic BT - Homework Mentorships in a Berlin Refugee Shelter N2 - The Covid-19 pandemic and resulting damage is often portrayed in staggering numbers and statistics. This article offers, by contrast, a personal and qualitative account of employees, volunteers, and young residents at a refugee home in Berlin, Germany. Through the story of a boy who has spent the past 4 years in several of Berlin’s 84 remaining refugee accommodations, we examine the inequalities that already existed in Germany and how the pandemic has exacerbated them. To provide ample context, we critically assess the so-called Welcome Classes that children and teens have been attending since their arrival to the country in or around 2015 and argue that the segregation experienced at school mirrors the isolation from the host society that refugees and people seeking asylum are subjected to residentially. We then present an emergency response to school closures: A digital homework mentorship program designed to mitigate the heightened barriers to social interaction and access to education brought about by the pandemic. We explore the sociocultural theory underpinning the program, describe its methods, and offer a qualitative evaluation of the results. Finally, we discuss how the informal education intervention helps fill gaps in the system, offering an approach that can be used going forward to promote learning, social-emotional development, and inclusion of young people with migration and refugee backgrounds. T2 - Eine informelle Bildungsintervention als Reaktion auf die Covid-19-Pandemie KW - Jugend KW - Flüchtling KW - Migration KW - Bildung KW - Segregation KW - Deutschland KW - Pandemie KW - COVID-19 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42087-020-00161-3 SN - 2522-5804 IS - Online first SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer Nature CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thomas, Stefan A1 - Scheller, David A1 - Schröder, Susan T1 - Co-creation in citizen social science BT - The research forum as a methodological foundation for communication and participation JF - Humanities and Social Sciences Communications N2 - This paper addresses the emerging methodological debate about citizen social science from the perspective of participatory research methods. The paper introduces the research forum as a horizontal and safe communicative space moderated by academic researchers that enables co-researcher participation across all phases of co-creational research projects. It is argued that in co-creational citizen social science, such a communicative space requires conceptualisation in order for it to foster citizens’ engagement in the knowledge production that deals with their specific social lifeworlds. In the research forum, the potential that the social sciences bring to citizen science—methodological reflection and the theoretical interpretation and contextualisation of data—can flourish in a collaborative process. Based on the expertise in co-created research in multigenerational co-housing projects, the paper reflects on practical experiences with the research forum in terms of four central dimensions: (1) opening up spaces for social encounters; (2) establishing communicative practice; (3) initiating a process of social self-understanding; (4) engaging in (counter-)public discourses. Finally, the paper closes with a summary of potential and challenges that the research forum provides as a methodological foundation for co-creation in citizen social science projects. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00902-x SN - 2662-9992 IS - 8 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidt-Wenzel, Alexandra A1 - Rubel, Katrin T1 - Inquiry-Based Learning in Social Work T2 - Inquiry-Based Learning : Undergraduate Research N2 - Research-led teaching is designed to give students the opportunity to engage with their learning process and develop the skills needed to build their professional identity through active participation in the scientific cognitive process. Here in particular, social workers need research-oriented behavior, hermeneutic competencies and reflexivity in order to master the imminent requirements of case comprehension and case processing in a professional way. KW - Ausbildung KW - Sozialarbeit KW - Hochschule KW - Lehre KW - Entdeckendes Lernen KW - Hermeneutik KW - Pädagogik KW - Reflexivität KW - Fachhochschule Potsdam Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26335 SN - 978-3-030-14223-0 SP - 139 EP - 147 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michel, Christine A1 - Wronski, Caroline A1 - Pauen, Sabina A1 - Daum, Moritz M. A1 - Hoehl, Stefanie T1 - Infants' object processing is guided specifically by social cues JF - Neuropsychologia N2 - Previous studies showed that the movements of another person's eyes and head guides infants' attention and promotes social learning by leading to enhanced encoding of cued objects. However, it is an open question whether social features like eyes are required or if the lateral movement of any arbitrary stimulus can elicit similar effects. The current experiments investigate the effects of the movement of a nonsocial cue and a perceptually similar social cue on object processing in 4-month-olds using event-related potentials (ERPs). Infants were presented with one of two central cues, either a box with a checkerboard pattern or a box with eye-like features on the front, which turned to one side. The cue thereby either turned toward a novel object or turned away from it. Afterwards, the object was presented again and ERPs in response to these previously cued or uncued objects were compared. When the nonsocial box served as the cue, no difference in neural processing of previously cued and uncued objects was found. In contrast, when the box with eyes served as the cue, we found an enhanced positive slow wave (PSW) for uncued as compared to cued objects. While the turning of the box with eyes promoted the encoding of cued objects, uncued objects needed enhanced activity for processing when presented for a second time. Results suggest that not every dynamic cue can influence infants’ object processing but that the presence of a basic social characteristic like isolated schematic eyes is sufficient to enhance social learning processes in early infancy. This hints on a specific sensitivity of the infant brain to social information which helps infants to focus on relevant information in the environment during social learning. KW - Säugling KW - Ereigniskorreliertes Potenzial KW - Nichtverbale Kommunikation KW - Blickverhalten Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.022 SN - 0028-3932 VL - 126 SP - 54 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - McRobert, Korinna T1 - Young survivors of sexual abuse as 'children out of place' T2 - Intersectionality and Difference in Childhood and Youth N2 - This chapter looks at children ‘out of place’ as a category, focusing on the example of the sexually abused and thus sexually exposed child as experiencing an ‘out of place’ childhood. It focuses on the child who has been sexually abused and exploited, in contexts involving no compensation – monetary or otherwise. A code for childhood sexuality also developed in the West, with the focus on the innocence and malleability of young people. The projection onto children by adults, in terms of what they should be, can thus eventually be damaging. Children are presented as incapable of being responsible subjects with their own agency in the context of sexuality. Children’s agency in the context of their sexuality is highly restricted through laws dictating minimum ages of sexual activity and consent, as well as social expectations of a child as a non-sexual and innocent being. KW - Kind KW - Sexueller Missbrauch KW - Kindheitsforschung KW - Filmanalyse KW - out of place Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-0-367-72916-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429466588-10 N1 - Das Buch finden Sie in unserem Bibliotheksbestand unter der Signatur: 11OHT352 SP - 143 EP - 157 PB - Routledge CY - London ET - 1st Edition ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoey, Jesse A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Morgan, Jonathan Howard A1 - Rogers, Kimberly B. A1 - Rishi, Deepak A1 - Nagappan, Meiyappan T1 - Artificial Intelligence and Social Simulation BT - Studying Group Dynamics on a Massive Scale JF - Small Group Research N2 - Recent advances in artificial intelligence and computer science can be used by social scientists in their study of groups and teams. Here, we explain how developments in machine learning and simulations with artificially intelligent agents can help group and team scholars to overcome two major problems they face when studying group dynamics. First, because empirical research on groups relies on manual coding, it is hard to study groups in large numbers (the scaling problem). Second, conventional statistical methods in behavioral science often fail to capture the nonlinear interaction dynamics occurring in small groups (the dynamics problem). Machine learning helps to address the scaling problem, as massive computing power can be harnessed to multiply manual codings of group interactions. Computer simulations with artificially intelligent agents help to address the dynamics problem by implementing social psychological theory in data-generating algorithms that allow for sophisticated statements and tests of theory. We describe an ongoing research project aimed at computational analysis of virtual software development teams. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Gruppendynamik KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Virtuelles Team KW - Simulation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496418802362 SN - 1552-8278 VL - 49 IS - 6 SP - 647 EP - 683 PB - Sage Publications CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, David A1 - Thörn, Håkan T1 - Governing 'Sustainable Urban Development' Through Self-Build Groups and Co-Housing BT - The Cases of Hamburg and Gothenburg JF - International Journal of Urban and Regional Research N2 - This article critically examines the governing of ‘sustainable urban development’ through self-build cohousing groups in Gothenburg and Hamburg. The two case cities have been selected because both are currently involved in major urban restructuring, and have launched programmes to support self-build groups and cohousing as part of their emphasis on promoting urban sustainable development through this process. Departing from a theoretical discussion on advanced liberal urban governance, focusing in particular on the contemporary discourse on sustainable urban development, we examine the interaction between political institutions, civil society and private actors in the construction of cohousing as a perceived novel and alternative form of housing that may contribute to fulfilling certain sustainability goals. Questions centre on the socio-political contextualization of cohousing; concepts of sustainability; strategies of, and relations between, different actors in promoting cohousing; gentrification and segregation; and inclusion and exclusion. In conclusion we argue that, while self-build groups can provide pockets of cohousing as an alternative to dominant forms of housing, the economic and political logics of advanced liberal urban development make even such a modest target difficult, particularly when it comes to making such housing affordable. KW - Stadtforschung KW - Governance KW - Kollektive Wohnform KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Hamburg KW - Göteborg Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26478 SN - 1468-2427 VL - 42 IS - 5 SP - 914 EP - 933 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kachel, Gregor A1 - Moore, Richard A1 - Tomasello, Michael T1 - Two-year-olds use adults' but not peers' points JF - Developmental Science N2 - In the current study, 24- to 27-month-old children (N = 37) used pointing gestures in a cooperative object choice task with either peer or adult partners. When indicating the location of a hidden toy, children pointed equally accurately for adult and peer partners but more often for adult partners. When choosing from one of three hiding places, children used adults’ pointing to find a hidden toy significantly more often than they used peers’. In interaction with peers, children's choice behavior was at chance level. These results suggest that toddlers ascribe informative value to adults’ but not peers’ pointing gestures, and highlight the role of children's social expectations in their communicative development. KW - Kleinkind KW - Studie KW - Nichtverbale Kommunikation KW - Geste KW - Gebaren Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12660 SN - 1467-7687 VL - 21 IS - 5 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Szczepanska, Timo A1 - Priebe, Max A1 - Schröder, Tobias T1 - Teaching the Complexity of Urban Systems with Participatory Social Simulation T2 - Advances in Social Simulation N2 - We describe how we use social simulation as a core method in a new master’s program designed to teach future leaders of urban change to deal with the complexity inherent in current societal transformations. We start by depicting the challenges with regard to cross-disciplinary knowledge integration and overcoming value-based, rigid thinking styles that inevitably arise in the process of solving ecological, technological, or social problems in cities new and old. Next, we describe a course based on urban modeling and participatory approaches, designed to meet those challenges. We reflect on our first experience with this approach and discuss future developments and research needs. KW - Participatory modeling KW - Verstädterung KW - Komplexität KW - Hochschulbildung Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-34127-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34127-5_43 SP - 427 EP - 439 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kajić, Ivana A1 - Schröder, Tobias A1 - Stewart, Terrence C. A1 - Thagard, Paul T1 - The semantic pointer theory of emotion BT - Integrating physiology, appraisal, and construction JF - Cognitive Systems Research N2 - Emotion theory needs to explain the relationship of language and emotions, and the embodiment of emotions, by specifying the computational mechanisms underlying emotion generation in the brain. We used Chris Eliasmith’s Semantic Pointer Architecture to develop POEM, a computational model that explains numerous important phenomena concerning emotions, including how some stimuli generate immediate emotional reactions, how some emotional reactions depend on cognitive evaluations, how bodily states influence the generation of emotions, how some emotions depend on interactions between physiological inputs and cognitive appraisals, and how some emotional reactions concern syntactically complex representations. We contrast our theory with current alternatives, and discuss some possible applications to individual and social emotions. KW - Gefühlstheorie KW - Beurteilung KW - Affective Computing KW - Neurowissenschaften Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2019.04.007 SN - 1389-0417 VL - 58 SP - 35 EP - 53 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, Ingo A1 - Schröder, Tobias T1 - Connotative meanings of sustainable mobility BT - A segmentation approach using cultural sentiments JF - Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice N2 - Changing people’s travel behaviours and mode choices is an important mitigation option to reduce greenhouse gas emission in transport. Previous studies have shown that symbolic meanings associated with new low-emission vehicles and travel services influence people’s willingness to adopt these innovations. However, little is known about the symbolic meanings of many upcoming transport innovations, which often influence habitual decision-making and their stratification within the population. This study thus examines cultural affective meanings of a broad range of conventional and novel transport mode options in a nationally representative German sample. Cluster analysis of affective meanings of travel modes identified six unique traveller segments. These consumer groups differ significantly in their intention to adopt low-emission travel modes and are characterized by specific psychographic, socio-demographic and behavioural profiles. The results demonstrate that affective meanings of choice options are predictive regarding the attitudes and (intended) behaviour of traveller segments. Moreover, the invariant positive meanings of conventional cars across segments indicate the strong cultural embeddedness of this mode in society. We discuss the implications of our approach for the development of government strategies for sustainable transport. KW - Segmentierung KW - Soziomarketing KW - Reiseverhalten KW - Treibhauseffekt KW - Verkehr KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.06.002 SN - 1879-2375 VL - 126 SP - 259 EP - 280 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peters, Uwe T1 - Teleology and mentalizing in the explanation of action JF - Synthese N2 - In empirically informed research on action explanation, philosophers and developmental psychologists have recently proposed a teleological account of the way in which we make sense of people’s intentional behavior. It holds that we typically don’t explain an agent’s action by appealing to her mental states but by referring to the objective, publically accessible facts of the world that count in favor of performing the action so as to achieve a certain goal. Advocates of the teleological account claim that this strategy is our main way of understanding people’s actions. I argue that common motivations mentioned to support the teleological account are insufficient to sustain its generalization from children to adults. Moreover, social psychological studies, combined with theoretical considerations, suggest that we do not explain actions mainly by invoking publically accessible, reason-giving facts alone but by ascribing mental states to the agent. KW - Teleologie KW - Mentalisierung KW - Sozialpsychologie Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-019-02256-z SN - 1573-0964 VL - 198 SP - 2941 EP - 2957 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Jan A1 - Neumann, Martin A1 - Schröder, Tobias T1 - Individual attitude change and societal dynamics: Computational experiments with psychological theories JF - Psychological Review N2 - We present an agent-based model for studying the societal implications of attitude change theories. Various psychological theories of persuasive communication at the individual level are implemented as simulation experiments. The model allows us to investigate the effects of contagion and assimilation, motivated cognition, polarity, source credibility, and idiosyncratic attitude formation. Simulations show that different theories produce different characteristic macrolevel patterns. Contagion and assimilation are central mechanisms for generating consensus, however, contagion generates a radicalized consensus. Motivated cognition causes societal polarization or the fragmentation of attitudes. Polarity and source credibility have comparatively little effect on the societal distribution of attitudes. We discuss how the simulations provide a bridge between microlevel psychological theories and the aggregated macrolevel studied by sociology. This approach enables new types of evidence for evaluating psychological theory to complement experimental approaches, thus answering calls to enhance the role of coherent and formalized theory in psychological science. KW - Attitudes KW - Social Influence KW - Theoretical Integration KW - Computational Model KW - Einstellungsforschung KW - Einfluss Y1 - 2021 UR - https://psyarxiv.com/ebfvr/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000291 SN - 1939-1471 VL - 128 IS - 4 SP - 623 EP - 642 PB - American Psychological Association CY - Washington ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Morgan, Jonathan Howard A1 - Zhao, Jun A1 - Zöller, Nikolas A1 - Sedlacek, Andrea A1 - Chen, Lena A1 - Piper, Hayley A1 - Beck, Yliana A1 - Rogers, Kimberly B. A1 - Hoey, Jesse A1 - Schröder, Tobias T1 - Modeling the Culture of Online Collaborative Groups with Affect Control Theory T2 - Advances in Social Simulation N2 - We review Affect Control Theory (ACT) as a promising basis for equipping computational agents in social simulations with a sense of sociality. ACT is a computational theory that integrates sociological insights about the symbolic construction of the social order with psychological knowledge about cognitive-affective mechanisms. After explaining the theoretical foundations of ACT and applications of the theory at the dyadic and group level, we describe a case study applying the theory from an ongoing research project examining self-organized online collaboration in software development. KW - Culture KW - Affect KW - Gruppendynamik KW - Kollaboration Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-61503-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61503-1_14 SP - 147 EP - 160 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER -