@incollection{ChenDoerkDadeRobertson, author = {Chen, Ko-le and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Dade-Robertson, Martyn}, title = {Exploring the Promises and Potentials of Visual Archive Interfaces}, series = {iConference Berlin 2014 : breaking down walls ; culture, context, computing ; proceedings, March 4 - 7, 2014}, booktitle = {iConference Berlin 2014 : breaking down walls ; culture, context, computing ; proceedings, March 4 - 7, 2014}, publisher = {IDEALS}, address = {Urbana-Champaign, Ill.}, isbn = {0-9884900-1-3}, doi = {10.9776/14348}, pages = {735 -- 741}, abstract = {A photo archive contains diverse narratives that only get partially exposed in digital interfaces. In this paper we explore a potential framework for archivists and designers to create photo archive interfaces that are sensitive to the ethos and social context of its content. We outline our approach to engaging with archival projects and present the results of a pilot workshop, which raised a range of complex questions about the design of visual interfaces. Our aim is to practically and conceptually expand how a visual interface would let a visitor access, explore, and interpret the contents of an archive. To do this we are interested in the different associations that people weave between the artefacts of an archive.}, subject = {Fotografie}, language = {en} } @incollection{ColjeeGrayDoerkCarpendale, author = {Coljee-Gray, Cody and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Carpendale, Sheelagh}, title = {Visually Exploring Books along their Subject Headings}, series = {iConference Berlin 2014 : breaking down walls ; culture, context, computing ; proceedings, March 4 - 7, 2014}, booktitle = {iConference Berlin 2014 : breaking down walls ; culture, context, computing ; proceedings, March 4 - 7, 2014}, publisher = {IDEALS}, address = {Urbana-Champaign, Ill.}, isbn = {0-9884900-1-3}, doi = {10.9776/14347}, pages = {729 -- 734}, abstract = {We present a visualization of subject headings that typically accompany books as flat textual metadata. The purpose of the visualization is twofold: first to expose the implicit structure in subject headings as an overview of a library collection and second to present a visual web of keywords to invite exploration of books. Taking a tag cloud as a starting point, the visualization extends it to a networked tag cloud that respects the hierarchy that is implicit in subject headings. By allowing an information seeker to successively build a subject filter, while seeing the results at each step, we hope to improve the searcher's orientation in a comprehensive book collection.}, subject = {Informationstheorie}, language = {en} } @incollection{DoerkComberDadeRobertson, author = {D{\"o}rk, Marian and Comber, Rob and Dade-Robertson, Martyn}, title = {Monadic Exploration}, series = {CHI 2014 : one of a CHInd ; The 32nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, conference proceedings, Toronto, Canada, April 26 - May 1}, booktitle = {CHI 2014 : one of a CHInd ; The 32nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, conference proceedings, Toronto, Canada, April 26 - May 1}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {978-1-4503-2473-1}, doi = {10.1145/2556288.2557083}, pages = {1535 -- 1544}, abstract = {Monadic exploration is a new approach to interacting with relational information spaces that challenges the distinction between the whole and its parts. Building on the work of sociologists Gabriel Tarde and Bruno Latour we turn to the concept of the monad as a useful lens on online communities and collections that expands the possibility for creating meaning in their navigation. While existing interfaces tend to emphasize either the structure of the whole or details of a part, monadic exploration brings these opposing perspectives closer together in continuous movements between partially overlapping points of view. We present a visualization that reflects a given node's relative position within a network using radial displacements and visual folding. To investigate the potential of monadic exploration we report on an iterative design process of a web-based visualization of a highly cross-referenced book and its six-month deployment.}, subject = {Informationstheorie}, language = {en} } @article{HomerDixonMilkoreitMocketal., author = {Homer-Dixon, Thomas and Milkoreit, Manjana and Mock, Steven M. and Schr{\"o}der, Tobias and Thagard, Paul}, title = {The conceptual structure of social disputes}, series = {SAGE Open}, volume = {4}, journal = {SAGE Open}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks, Calif.}, issn = {2158-2440}, doi = {10.1177/2158244014526210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-15802}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {We describe and illustrate a new method of graphically diagramming disputants' points of view called cognitive-affective mapping. The products of this method—cognitive-affective maps (CAMs)—represent an individual's concepts and beliefs about a particular subject, such as another individual or group or an issue in dispute. Each of these concepts and beliefs has its own emotional value. The result is a detailed image of a disputant's complex belief system that can assist in-depth analysis of the ideational sources of the dispute and thereby aid its resolution. We illustrate the method with representations of the beliefs of typical individuals involved in four contemporary disputes of markedly different type: a clash over German housing policy, disagreements between Israelis over the meaning of the Western Wall, contention surrounding exploitation of Canada's bitumen resources, and the deep dispute between people advocating action on climate change and those skeptical about the reality of the problem.}, subject = {Konflikt}, language = {en} } @incollection{LandstorferHerrmannStangeetal., author = {Landstorfer, Johannes and Herrmann, Ivo and Stange, Jan-Erik and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Wettach, Reto}, title = {Weaving a Carpet from Log Entries}, series = {2014 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST) : 25 - 31 Oct. [i.e. 9 - 14 November] 2014, Paris, France}, booktitle = {2014 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST) : 25 - 31 Oct. [i.e. 9 - 14 November] 2014, Paris, France}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/VAST.2014.7042483}, pages = {73 -- 82}, abstract = {We created a pixel map for multivariate data based on an analysis of the needs of network security engineers. Parameters of a log record are shown as pixels and these pixels are stacked to represent a record. This allows a broad view of a data set on one screen while staying very close to the raw data and to expose common and rare patterns of user behavior through the visualization itself (the "Carpet"). Visualizations that immediately point to areas of suspicious activity without requiring extensive filtering, help network engineers investigating unknown computer security incidents. Most of them, however, have limited knowledge of advanced visualization techniques, while many designers and data scientists are unfamiliar with computer security topics. To bridge this gap, we developed visualizations together with engineers, following a co-creative process. We will show how we explored the scope of the engineers' tasks and how we jointly developed ideas and designs. Our expert evaluation indicates that this visualization helps to scan large parts of log files quickly and to define areas of interest for closer inspection.}, subject = {Rechnernetz}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WolfGortanaHerrmannetal., author = {Wolf, Ingo and Gortana, Flavio and Herrmann, Ivo and Thiele, Paul and Heidmann, Frank and Schr{\"o}der, Tobias}, title = {Drag-and-drop cognition}, abstract = {We present a newly developed graphical user interface, which allows researchers to create models of complex societal decision-making in a user-friendly manner without being required to program. The software tool is based on InnoMind, an agent-based model that implements theories of emotional cognition from cognitive science. We show the current work in progress and outline the near-term goals of the software development project.}, subject = {Benutzerschnittstelle}, language = {en} } @article{WolfSchroederNeumannetal., author = {Wolf, Ingo and Schr{\"o}der, Tobias and Neumann, Jochen and de Haan, Gerhard}, title = {Changing minds about electric cars}, series = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change}, journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change}, number = {94}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0040-1625}, doi = {10.1016/j.techfore.2014.10.010}, pages = {269 -- 285}, abstract = {The diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) is considered an effective policy strategy to meet greenhouse gas reduction targets. For large-scale adoption, however, demand-side oriented policy measures are required, based on consumers' transport needs, values and social norms. We introduce an empirically grounded, spatially explicit, agent-based model, InnoMind (Innovation diffusion driven by changing Minds), to simulate the effects of policy interventions and social influence on consumers' transport mode preferences. The agents in this model represent individual consumers. They are calibrated based on empirically derived attributes and characteristics of survey respondents. We model agent decision-making with artificial neural networks that account for the role of emotions in information processing. We present simulations of 4 scenarios for the diffusion of EVs in the city of Berlin, Germany (3 policy scenarios and 1 base case). The results illustrate the varying effectiveness of measures in different market segments and the need for appropriate policies tailored to the heterogeneous needs of different travelers. Moreover, the simulations suggest that introducing an exclusive zone for EVs in the city would accelerate the early-phase diffusion of EVs more effectively than financial incentives only.}, subject = {Elektrofahrzeug}, language = {en} } @incollection{HoeySchroeder, author = {Hoey, Jesse and Schr{\"o}der, Tobias}, title = {Bayesian affect control theory of self}, series = {Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the Twenty-Seventh Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 25 - 30 January, Austin, Texas, USA. Volume 1}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the Twenty-Seventh Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 25 - 30 January, Austin, Texas, USA. Volume 1}, publisher = {AAAI Press}, address = {Palo Alto, Calif.}, isbn = {978-1-57735-699-8}, pages = {529 -- 536}, abstract = {Notions of identity and of the self have long been studied in social psychology and sociology as key guiding elements of social interaction and coordination. In the AI of the future, these notions will also play a role in producing natural, socially appropriate artificially intelligent agents that encompass subtle and complex human social and affective skills. We propose here a Bayesian generalization of the sociological affect control theory of self as a theoretical foundation for socio-affectively skilled artificial agents. This theory posits that each human maintains an internal model of his or her deep sense of "self" that captures their emotional, psychological, and socio-cultural sense of being in the world. The "self" is then externalised as an identity within any given interpersonal and institutional situation, and this situational identity is the person's local (in space and time) representation of the self. Situational identities govern the actions of humans according to affect control theory. Humans will seek situations that allow them to enact identities consistent with their sense of self. This consistency is cumulative over time: if some parts of a person's self are not actualized regularly, the person will have a growing feeling of inauthenticity that they will seek to resolve. In our present generalisation, the self is represented as a probability distribution, allowing it to be multi-modal (a person can maintain multiple different identities), uncertain (a person can be unsure about who they really are), and learnable (agents can learn the identities and selves of other agents). We show how the Bayesian affect control theory of self can underpin artificial agents that are socially intelligent.}, subject = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, language = {en} } @article{SchofieldKirkAmaraletal., author = {Schofield, Tom and Kirk, David and Amaral, Telmo and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Whitelaw, Mitchell and Schofield, Guy and Ploetz, Thomas}, title = {Archival Liveness}, series = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, volume = {9}, journal = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, number = {3}, issn = {1938-4122}, abstract = {We present "archival liveness" as a concept in design and the Digital Humanities and describe its development within a Research Through Design process. Working with a newly acquired archive of contemporary poetry we produced designs that both manifested and "geared in to" [Durrant 2011] [Gurwitsch 1979] the temporal rhythms of the work and infrastructure of archiving. Drawing on user-centred work with participants, often poets themselves, we focused on marginalia as a material feature of the archive, developing a drawing machine and live Twitter bot. Our work addresses institutional concerns for outreach and engagement while also acknowledging and exploiting the inevitably incomplete or live character of archival collections. For designers working with digital archives, we demonstrate the pragmatic and critical value of liveness as a focus of the design process.}, subject = {Geisteswissenschaften}, language = {en} } @incollection{GlinkaDoerk, author = {Glinka, Katrin and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Museum im Display}, series = {EVA Berlin 2015 : elektronische Medien \& Kunst, Kultur, Historie : Konferenzband : 22. Berliner Veranstaltung der internationalen EVA-Serie}, booktitle = {EVA Berlin 2015 : elektronische Medien \& Kunst, Kultur, Historie : Konferenzband : 22. Berliner Veranstaltung der internationalen EVA-Serie}, publisher = {arthistoricum.net}, address = {Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-88609-773-9}, doi = {10.11588/arthistoricum.157.197}, pages = {21 -- 27}, abstract = {Im R{\"u}ckgriff auf Ausstellungspraktiken im Museum stellt der Artikel Bez{\"u}ge zwischen Erkenntnissen aus der Visualisierungsforschung und der Rezeption von Museumssammlungen in einem Ausstellungsdisplay her. Besondere Beachtung finden hierbei Makro- und Mikroperspektiven auf Sammlungen und Darstellungen im (digitalen) Display eines Museums. Visualisierungen k{\"o}nnen einen offenen und explorativen Zugang zu den digitalisierten Best{\"a}nden bieten, der eher den Ausstellungs- und Vermittlungsaktivit{\"a}ten des Museums entspricht oder diese erg{\"a}nzt. Dabei werden die Potenziale der digitalen Pr{\"a}sentation herausgearbeitet und Anhand von Use Cases aus der Forschung illustriert, welche Ans{\"a}tze in der facettierten und „kuratierten" Inszenierung von Sammlungen umgesetzt werden k{\"o}nnen.}, subject = {Museum}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{OttenHildebrandtNageletal., author = {Otten, Heike and Hildebrandt, Lennart and Nagel, Till and D{\"o}rk, Marian and M{\"u}ller, Boris}, title = {Are there networks in maps?}, pages = {3}, abstract = {Shifted Maps proposes a novel visualization method to generate personal geovisualizations of individual movement data. The resulting visual appearance can be characterized as a map network consisting of visited places and their connections. The visited places are shown as circular map extracts scaled according to the time spent there and the movements between the places are represented as edges between the places. A key feature of the Shifted Maps visualization is the possibility to explore the data in three different arrangements based on geo-spatial position, travel time, and frequency of movements. By combining map and network visualizations of movement data, it becomes possible to analyze and compare spatial and temporal topologies.}, subject = {Geographie}, language = {en} } @article{StahnkeDoerkMuelleretal., author = {Stahnke, Julian and D{\"o}rk, Marian and M{\"u}ller, Boris and Thom, Andreas}, title = {Probing Projections}, series = {IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics}, volume = {22}, journal = {IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {1941-0506}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2015.2467717}, pages = {629 -- 638}, abstract = {We introduce a set of integrated interaction techniques to interpret and interrogate dimensionality-reduced data. Projection techniques generally aim to make a high-dimensional information space visible in form of a planar layout. However, the meaning of the resulting data projections can be hard to grasp. It is seldom clear why elements are placed far apart or close together and the inevitable approximation errors of any projection technique are not exposed to the viewer. Previous research on dimensionality reduction focuses on the efficient generation of data projections, interactive customisation of the model, and comparison of different projection techniques. There has been only little research on how the visualization resulting from data projection is interacted with. We contribute the concept of probing as an integrated approach to interpreting the meaning and quality of visualizations and propose a set of interactive methods to examine dimensionality-reduced data as well as the projection itself. The methods let viewers see approximation errors, question the positioning of elements, compare them to each other, and visualize the influence of data dimensions on the projection space. We created a web-based system implementing these methods, and report on findings from an evaluation with data analysts using the prototype to examine multidimensional datasets.}, subject = {Informationswissenschaft}, language = {en} } @incollection{GlinkaMeierDoerk, author = {Glinka, Katrin and Meier, Sebastian and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Visualising the »Un-seen«}, series = {Kultur und Informatik - Cross Media}, booktitle = {Kultur und Informatik - Cross Media}, publisher = {Werner H{\"u}lsbusch}, address = {Gl{\"u}ckstadt}, isbn = {978-3-86488-082-7}, pages = {105 -- 117}, abstract = {In recent years, access to cultural heritage has been closely connected to digitisation. We argue the case for recognising this digital shift as an opportunity to create interfaces to cultural heritage that are, first of all, more inviting to the public. Secondly, we want to encourage critical approaches towards the representation of cultural production and allow for alternative or even conflicting narratives and interpretations to surface. We present related work, use cases, and concepts for visualisations and interfaces that invite the reconsideration of modes of categorisation, presentation and clustering. Our intent is to develop ways to scrutinise modes of exclusion, carry out critical evaluations and pursue interventional strategies. We discuss the specific potential of visualisation, annotation and dynamic expansion of digital cultural collections. Building on critical approaches in human-computer interaction, visualisation and cultural theories, we explore how the interface could be a means of reflection, critique and inclusion.}, subject = {Kulturerbe}, language = {en} }