@article{PrytulaSchroederDoerketal., author = {Prytula, Michael and Schr{\"o}der, Tobias and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Ortgiese, Michael and Michel, Antje and Neuroth, Heike and Lehmann, Janina}, title = {Transformation lernen}, series = {Transforming Cities}, journal = {Transforming Cities}, number = {3}, publisher = {Trialog publishers}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2366-7281}, pages = {76 -- 79}, subject = {Stadtgestaltung}, language = {de} } @article{GlinkaPietschDilbaetal., author = {Glinka, Katrin and Pietsch, Christopher and Dilba, Carsten and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Linking Structure, Texture and Context in a Visualization of Historical Drawings by Frederick William IV (1795-1861)}, series = {International Journal for Digital Art History}, journal = {International Journal for Digital Art History}, number = {2}, publisher = {Graphentis-Verl.}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2363-5401}, doi = {10.11588/dah.2016.2.33530}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-dah-335306}, pages = {199 -- 213}, abstract = {In this article we present a case study on digital representation of the art historical research and metadata brought together for a scientific collection catalogue by the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg. The resulting interface aims at linking the structure and texture of a collection of drawings by Frederick William IV of Prussia (1795-1861) with additional contextual information. The article describes the context of the larger research project and presents the resulting visualization and interaction techniques specifically designed for dynamic exploration along time and subjects.}, subject = {Information}, language = {en} } @article{AlbrechtDoerkMueller, author = {Albrecht, Kim and D{\"o}rk, Marian and M{\"u}ller, Boris}, title = {Culturagraphy}, series = {Leonardo}, volume = {50}, journal = {Leonardo}, number = {2}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge, Mass.}, issn = {1530-9282}, doi = {10.1162/LEON_a_01230}, pages = {209 -- 210}, abstract = {Culturegraphy visualizes the exchange of cultural information over time. Treating cultural works as nodes and influences as directed edges, the visualization of these cultural networks can provide new insights into the rich interconnections of cultural development such as that seen in movie references. All findings reported in this article were made through a process that involved network scientists, a media theorist and a sociologist; the role that visualization can play in bridging scientific communities was central to this work. The visualizations were in fact the result of a process to bring researchers from different disciplines together. While traditionally physicists have used different methods than those used by media theorists or sociologists, physicists are increasingly asking questions similar to those asked by media theorists or sociologists as they study the dynamics in networks. Visualization can serve as a common language that brings fields together and identifies the differences between them but that also has its own idiosyncratic views.}, subject = {Graphische Datenverarbeitung}, language = {en} } @article{SchofieldKirkAmaraletal., author = {Schofield, Tom and Kirk, David and Amaral, Telmo and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Whitelaw, Mitchell and Schofield, Guy and Ploetz, Thomas}, title = {Archival Liveness}, series = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, volume = {9}, journal = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, number = {3}, issn = {1938-4122}, abstract = {We present "archival liveness" as a concept in design and the Digital Humanities and describe its development within a Research Through Design process. Working with a newly acquired archive of contemporary poetry we produced designs that both manifested and "geared in to" [Durrant 2011] [Gurwitsch 1979] the temporal rhythms of the work and infrastructure of archiving. Drawing on user-centred work with participants, often poets themselves, we focused on marginalia as a material feature of the archive, developing a drawing machine and live Twitter bot. Our work addresses institutional concerns for outreach and engagement while also acknowledging and exploiting the inevitably incomplete or live character of archival collections. For designers working with digital archives, we demonstrate the pragmatic and critical value of liveness as a focus of the design process.}, subject = {Geisteswissenschaften}, language = {en} } @article{StahnkeDoerkMuelleretal., author = {Stahnke, Julian and D{\"o}rk, Marian and M{\"u}ller, Boris and Thom, Andreas}, title = {Probing Projections}, series = {IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics}, volume = {22}, journal = {IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {1941-0506}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2015.2467717}, pages = {629 -- 638}, abstract = {We introduce a set of integrated interaction techniques to interpret and interrogate dimensionality-reduced data. Projection techniques generally aim to make a high-dimensional information space visible in form of a planar layout. However, the meaning of the resulting data projections can be hard to grasp. It is seldom clear why elements are placed far apart or close together and the inevitable approximation errors of any projection technique are not exposed to the viewer. Previous research on dimensionality reduction focuses on the efficient generation of data projections, interactive customisation of the model, and comparison of different projection techniques. There has been only little research on how the visualization resulting from data projection is interacted with. We contribute the concept of probing as an integrated approach to interpreting the meaning and quality of visualizations and propose a set of interactive methods to examine dimensionality-reduced data as well as the projection itself. The methods let viewers see approximation errors, question the positioning of elements, compare them to each other, and visualize the influence of data dimensions on the projection space. We created a web-based system implementing these methods, and report on findings from an evaluation with data analysts using the prototype to examine multidimensional datasets.}, subject = {Informationswissenschaft}, language = {en} } @article{DoerkKnight, author = {D{\"o}rk, Marian and Knight, Dawn}, title = {WordWanderer}, series = {Corpora : corpus-based language learning, language processing and linguistics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Corpora : corpus-based language learning, language processing and linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Edinburgh Univ. Press}, address = {Edinburgh}, issn = {1749-5032}, doi = {10.3366/cor.2015.0067}, pages = {83 -- 94}, abstract = {Text visualisations provide visual representations of documents or small corpora with the primary aim of supporting language analysis. We are interested in developing a more playful approach to language that can be characterised by the notion of wandering as an open-ended movement. To support such a casual form of engagement with text, we designed the WordWanderer system: a visualisation technique that extends tag clouds into a navigational interface for text. The tool supports the gradual movement between word 'context views', which represent the words that co-occur in the vicinity of the selected word, and word-'comparison views', which arrange words based on their association strengths between two selected words. We report on the encouraging feedback from a ten-day deployment of the interface and present promising directions for future design and research.}, subject = {Textanalyse}, language = {en} } @article{BludauBrueggemannBuschetal., author = {Bludau, Mark-Jan and Br{\"u}ggemann, Viktoria and Busch, A. and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Reading Traces: Scalable Exploration in Elastic Visualizations of Cultural Heritage Data}, series = {Computer Graphics Forum}, volume = {39}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.13964}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-24992}, pages = {77 -- 87}, abstract = {Through a design study, we develop an approach to data exploration that utilizes elastic visualizations designed to support varying degrees of detail and abstraction. Examining the notions of scalability and elasticity in interactive visualizations, we introduce a visualization of personal reading traces such as marginalia or markings inside the reference library of German realist author Theodor Fontane. To explore such a rich and extensive collection, meaningful visual forms of abstraction and detail are as important as the transitions between those states. Following a growing research interest in the role of fluid interactivity and animations between views, we are particularly interested in the potential of carefully designed transitions and consistent representations across scales. The resulting prototype addresses humanistic research questions about the interplay of distant and close reading with visualization research on continuous navigation along several granularity levels, using scrolling as one of the main interaction mechanisms. In addition to presenting the design process and resulting prototype, we present findings from a qualitative evaluation of the tool, which suggest that bridging between distant and close views can enhance exploration, but that transitions between views need to be crafted very carefully to facilitate comprehension.}, subject = {Visualisierung}, language = {en} } @article{JungingerOsterdorfAvilaVissirinietal., author = {Junginger, Pauline and Osterdorf, Dennis and Avila Vissirini, Barbara and Voloshina, Anastasia and Hausmann, Timo and Kreiseler, Sarah and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {The close-up cloud : visualizing details of image collections in dynamic overviews}, series = {International Journal for Digital Art History}, volume = {2020}, journal = {International Journal for Digital Art History}, number = {5}, address = {Heidelberg}, organization = {Heidelberg University Library}, issn = {2363-5401}, doi = {10.11588/dah.2020.5.72039}, pages = {6.02 -- 6.13}, abstract = {This paper introduces a visualization technique designed to uncover iconographic patterns prevalent within a collection while at the same time allowing close viewing of these particular details. Challenging an institutionalized understanding of overview and detail as inherently opposed, the intention of this research is to develop a visualization method that accounts for the iconographic abundance of a collection and encourages its casual exploration. Expanding digitization efforts have led to a growing number of rich cultural heritage datasets that are successively being published online. At the same time scholars are exploring the potential of computational methods to expand the scale and scope of art history. In this context, data visualization is often equated with a distanced perspective diminishing the intricate and intriguing details of individual artifacts. In collaboration with a museum of applied and decorative arts, we have devised a novel interface concept for the exploration of image collections such as historical glass plate negatives. Inspired by photographic plates on a light table, the resulting Close-up Cloud translates the art historical method of close viewing into the digital by combining it with a dynamic representation of quantitative iconographic patterns across an entire image collection.}, subject = {Visualisierung}, language = {en} } @article{JungingerDoerk, author = {Junginger, Pauline and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Categorizing queer identities : an analysis of archival practices using the concept of boundary objects}, series = {Journal of Feminist Scholarship}, volume = {19}, journal = {Journal of Feminist Scholarship}, number = {19}, organization = {University of Massachusetts Dartmouth}, issn = {2158-6179}, doi = {10.23860/jfs.2021.19.05}, pages = {66 -- 79}, abstract = {In this paper, we present a field study that examines the development, application and maintenance of classification systems and controlled vocabularies in three archives documenting lesbian, trans* and queer-feminist histories. Queer archives face the challenge of documenting identities that are inherently characterized by embracing fluidity and ambiguity. Thus, queer identities are diametrically opposed to archival procedures of unambiguous classification. At the same time, queer activism relies partly on coherent identity categories in order to be able to act politically. We examine the pragmatic solutions that queer archives establish when dealing with tensions between those requirements. Our goal is to contribute to the ongoing discussions about the ethical dimensions of classification practices. Following the work of Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star (1999) we use the concept of boundary objects as a central theoretical foundation of our research. This concept allows for tracing the negotiations and decision-making processes that influenced the creation of a specific classification system. Through conducting semi-structured interviews with staff members of queer archives in Germany we collected data about their efforts to archive the history of queer communities. Although there are initiatives developing metadata standards for queer identities, these standards are only used to a limited extent by the queer archives we examined. Rather, those archives established individual strategies for categorizing objects that are rooted in their specific history. We argue that classification systems and controlled vocabularies themselves can be understood as artifacts documenting the history of queer movements.}, subject = {LGBT}, language = {en} } @article{DoerkPietschCredico, author = {D{\"o}rk, Marian and Pietsch, Christopher and Credico, Gabriel}, title = {One view is not enough High-level visualizations of a large cultural collection}, series = {Information Design Journal}, volume = {23}, journal = {Information Design Journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1569-979X}, doi = {10.1075/idj.23.1.06dor}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26609}, pages = {39 -- 47}, abstract = {As cultural institutions are digitizing their artifacts and interlinking their collections, new opportunities emerge to engage with cultural heritage. However, it is the often comprehensive and complex nature of collections that can make it difficult to grasp their distribution and extent across a variety of dimensions. After a brief introduction to the research area of collection visualizations, this paper presents a design study visualizing an aggregated collection from diverse cultural institutions in Germany. We detail our iterative design process leading to prototypical implementations of four stylistically and functionally coordinated visualizations, each one focusing on different facets of the collection.}, subject = {Visualisierung}, language = {en} } @article{GortanavonTenspoldeGuhlmannetal., author = {Gortana, Flavio and von Tenspolde, Franziska and Guhlmann, Daniela and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Off the Grid}, series = {Open Library of Humanities}, volume = {4}, journal = {Open Library of Humanities}, number = {2}, publisher = {Open Library of Humanities}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2056-6700}, doi = {10.16995/olh.280}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26527}, pages = {1 -- 25}, abstract = {This research explores the merit of alternative arrangements of cultural artifacts to expose the aesthetic abundance of a cultural collection. The conventional display of museum objects in online interfaces tends to neglect the physical gestalt of the collection. For example, coins typically end up in tabular grids of thumbnail pages in online collections mimicking their rigid placement in storage drawers of a depot and glass cabinets in exhibitions. The overall aim behind this research was to devise visualizations that do justice to the material and semantic richness of an entire collection, while providing a casual mode of access that is inviting to people with no background in numismatics. To do this, we undertook an iterative design process, which involved a close collaboration with numismaticians and playful ideation with actual coins. Carefully negotiating expert knowledge and lay curiosity, the resulting visualization represents the collection's dimensions using thousands of thumbnails as visual data points. The coins can be arranged into various layouts such as piles representing, for example, metal types, or streams visualizing the ebb and flow of coins over the centuries. In the interface, one can play with the coins in a manner that would be unthinkable in a physical exhibition and that has not been tried in a digital display. The article reports on the overall research and design process of this project, the resulting interface concept and prototype, and the feedback received during two evaluations.}, subject = {Visualisierung}, language = {en} } @article{BludauDoerkHeidmann, author = {Bludau, Mark-Jan and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Heidmann, Frank}, title = {Relational perspectives as situated visualizations of art collections}, series = {Digital Scholarship in the Humanities}, volume = {36}, journal = {Digital Scholarship in the Humanities}, number = {Supplement 2}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1477-4615}, doi = {10.1093/llc/fqab003}, pages = {ii17 -- ii29}, abstract = {With relational perspectives, we examine the potential of traversing cultural collections along the richness of individual facets and relations through the process of developing an exploration-centered visualization. Cultural collections can contain thousands of artifacts, of which each typically possesses a diverse set of properties and individual facets constituting a unique relationship to the rest of the collection. Therefore, to create an appropriate representation of the complex data of each underlying artifact, oftentimes, it is not only interesting to get an overview of the entire collection from one perspective, but to explore the specific context of an artifact and the various relations it may have to other items. To investigate the potential of relational perspectives, we selected an art collection as a particularly promising case study. By following and reporting from a collaborative and iterative design process with an art museum, we developed a web interface that contrasts a collection overview with three situated visualizations each exposing a different kind of relational perspective on the art collection from an artifact.}, subject = {Kulturelle Einrichtung}, language = {en} } @article{DoerkMuellerStangeetal., author = {D{\"o}rk, Marian and M{\"u}ller, Boris and Stange, Jan-Erik and Herseni, Johannes and Dittrich, Katja}, title = {Co-Designing Visualizations for Information Seeking and Knowledge Management}, series = {Open Information Science}, volume = {4}, journal = {Open Information Science}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter Saur}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2451-1781}, doi = {10.1515/opis-2020-0102}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:525-26188}, pages = {217 -- 235}, abstract = {Creativity is a crucial factor in finding novel and useful visualization and interaction techniques, but its emergence is contingent on the right conditions. The focus of visualization research has traditionally been on techniques, and to a lesser degree on the process of creating them with domain experts and end users. This paper focuses on the collaborative design of visualizations for information seeking and knowledge management. The difficult, yet common challenge in any visualization project is to find meaningful visual representations and useful interaction techniques to carry out complex analysis tasks. The unique difficulty for preparing co-design activities for visualization lies in the gap between the abstract nature of data and the concrete form of visual representations. To bridge this gap, our co-design framework for visualization places particular emphasis on actors, activities, and artifacts as categories that expand the focus of visualization design beyond the traditional triad of users, tasks, and data. Drawing from general co-design principles, the framework is developed and validated during the course of two case studies in the context of information management systems and library collection databases. Based on observed patterns during the case studies, practical tactics provide advice on carrying out co-design in information visualization.}, subject = {Methodologie}, language = {en} } @article{EhmelBrueggemannDoerk, author = {Ehmel, Fabian and Br{\"u}ggemann, Viktoria and D{\"o}rk, Marian}, title = {Topography of Violence}, series = {Computer Graphics Forum}, volume = {40}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1467-8659}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.14285}, pages = {13 -- 24}, abstract = {Based on a collaborative visualization design process involving sensitive historical data and historiographical expertise, we investigate the relevance of ethical principles in visualization design. While fundamental ethical norms like truthfulness and accuracy are already well-described and common goals in visualization design, datasets that are accompanied by specific ethical concerns need to be processed and visualized with an additional level of carefulness and thought. There has been little research on adequate visualization design incorporating such considerations. To address this gap we present insights from Topography of Violence, a visualization project with the Jewish Museum Berlin that focuses on a dataset of more than 4,500 acts of violence against Jews in Germany between 1930 and 1938. Drawing from the joint project, we develop an approach to the visualization of sensitive data, which features both conceptual and procedural considerations for visualization design. Our findings provide value for both visualization researchers and practitioners by highlighting challenges and opportunities for ethical data visualization.}, subject = {Daten}, language = {en} } @article{WindhagerFedericoSchrederetal., author = {Windhager, Florian and Federico, Paolo and Schreder, G{\"u}nther and Glinka, Katrin and D{\"o}rk, Marian and Miksch, Silvia and Mayr, Eva}, title = {Visualization of Cultural Heritage Collection Data}, series = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, volume = {25}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = {6}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {1941-0506}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2018.2830759}, pages = {2311 -- 2330}, subject = {Visualisierung}, language = {en} }