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Towards Practice-oriented Higher Education for Sustainable Rural Development in Western Kenya
(2021)
The workshop proceedings contain the written versions of the presentations of the Kenyan participants of the final workshop of the DAAD-funded cooperation project "Practice-oriented Higher Education in Western Kenya" (ProUniEdu-WeK) in August 2021 at the Brandenburg University of Applied Sciences (THB).
The contributions give an impression of what has been achieved in the last years on the way to practice-oriented higher education in the participating departments of the Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST) in cooperation with its partners from the THB and what is planned to be done in the years to come.
Reusable solid wheels manufactured of the old steel BV1 (nearly equivalent to the solid or monobloc wheel steel R1 according to the new nomenclature) show in some cases rolling defects on the surface of the wheel disc. The fatigue behaviour of such defects is analysed by means of the linear-elastic fracture mechanics and Monte Carlo simulation and assessed to be able to derive the allowable defect size for the non-destructive testing. This paper was firstly presented at the Second International Symposium on Fatigue Design FD’95, held in Helsinki (Finland) on 5 – 8 September 1995. The complete research report is published under the title „Oberflächendefekte im Scheibenbereich” (Manufacturing surface defects in the disc area of solid wheels). The research work was sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).
Rolling contact fatigue generates cracks on the running surface of high strength railway rails which grow under a small angle into the rail head. These cracks can cause in its last stage the fracturing of the rail. The crack extension behaviour is – as the origin of these cracks too – influenced by the cold working of the rail steel. The crack growth in the first stage is fracture mechanically analyzed by means of two-dimensional modelling. The simulation results are assessed for the use of rail grinding. A criterion for the change of the crack growth direction could not be derived, but the following stages of the crack growth in the transverse direction and the final fracture and the conditions for secondary fractures are considered. Rolling contact fatigue generates cracks on the running surface of high strength railway rails which grow under a small angle into the rail head. These cracks can cause in its last stage the fracturing of the rail. The crack extension behaviour is – as the origin of these cracks too – influenced by the cold working of the rail steel. The crack growth in the first stage is fracture mechanically analyzed by means of two-dimensional modelling. The simulation results are assessed for the use of rail grinding. A criterion for the change of the crack growth direction could not be derived, but the following stages of the crack growth in the transverse direction and the final fracture and the conditions for secondary fractures are considered.