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AbstractA pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) has recently been discovered in the nodal-line ferrimagnet Mn3Si2Te6. The electronic phase transition is accompanied by anomalies in the magnetic ordering temperature and the anomalous Hall conductivity, which peak at or near the critical pressure of the IMT. We perform density functional theory (DFT) calculations as a function of pressure to establish the connection between the IMT and the magnetic anomalies in Mn3Si2Te6. We extract Heisenberg Hamiltonians as a function of pressure based on our DFT calculations. Our classical Monte Carlo simulations for these Hamiltonians yield ordering temperatures and magnetic ordering patterns, in agreement with the experimental data. Although we can accurately explain the evolution of magnetism with pressure, it seems that the anomalous Hall conductivity in Mn3Si2Te6 can only be accounted for by extrinsic contributions or moderate electron doping of the samples in the experiment.
The effective alignment of soft skills with established competency frameworks is essential for the automated alignment of competences within workforce analytics frameworks. This paper presents a semantic mapping approach using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to align soft skills from the SkillsMatch framework with the contents of the e-Competence Framework (European standard EN 16234-1) as it does not explicitly illustrate those skills in the text. Cosine similarity index provides an indication of the semantic closeness of each soft skill to the e-CF dimensions to map them according to score thresholds, with additional confirmation by experts. This approach provides an automated, scalable solution to enable the semantic linkage between soft and technical competences, otherwise unfeasible in terms of effort and time due to the huge amount of information to be analysed. The result is additional explicit information on soft skills that enriches and extends the standard EN 16234-1 offering pragmatic guidance to practitioners for the application in real contexts. Moreover, the proposed method underscores the importance of integrating embedding-based semantic similarity modelling to work with competence frameworks and standards to extract and analyse information for additional practical value, overcoming the limitations of traditional manual methods.
In Zeiten rasanter technologischer Entwicklungen stellt sich die Frage, welchen Einfluss Rebranding auf den Markenwert hat, insbesondere im Kontext künstlicher Intelligenz. Während Rebranding traditionell als strategische Maßnahme zur Anpassung an veränderte Marktbedingungen verstanden wurde, eröffnet die Integration von KI neue Möglichkeiten der Automatisierung, Personalisierung und datengetriebenen Entscheidungsfindung. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet die Rolle von KI im Rebranding-Prozess und untersucht, inwiefern KI-gestützte und menschliche Strategien den Markenwert beeinflussen. Durch eine bibliometrische und systematische Literaturanalyse wird der aktuelle Forschungsstand aufgearbeitet, zentrale Mechanismen identifiziert und zukünftiger Forschungsbedarf abgeleitet. Abschließend werden Implikationen für Wissenschaft und Praxis diskutiert, um eine fundierte Grundlage für den strategischen Einsatz von KI im Markenmanagement zu schaffen.
One popular application domain for Augmented Reality (AR) technology is facilitating human-building interactions (HBI). Such applications help users to retrieve and transact information through localized interaction points displayed on their (mobile) devices. Growing adoption of AR technology underlines the importance of incorporating suitable AR components for HBI, which is important for effective implementation and testing of HBI-AR use cases, increasing user satisfaction, and long-term viability. In this context, our short paper presents key experiences and lessons learned from an applied science project targeting the development and evaluation of an HBI-AR university campus app. Drawing on an ex-post inquiry of project collaborator experiences, we prescriptively highlight relevant AR solution requirements for this specific design context. Our findings amplify the importance of (1) balancing trade-offs between different spatial embedding computation methods, (2) modularity, customizability, and testability for efficient software development, and (3) taking building complexity and prototype maturity requirements into account when taking AR solution make-or-buy decisions. Our shared insights may inform future best practices and design principles for convergent HBI and AR projects in research and practice.
Effective communication skills are increasingly recognized as critical for leadership in digital transformation contexts. Recently, AI-Chatbots such as Talk to Transform (T2T) have been developed to enhance leadership competencies through interactive role-plays and feedback. This paper proposes their adaptation for cybersecurity training. We discuss the current landscape of cybersecurity training, highlight the importance of communication, and present T2T as an innovative approach to bridge this gap through chatbot-driven role-plays.
The recent discovery of superconductivity in the bilayer Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate La3Ni2O7 under high pressure has generated much interest in the superconducting pairing mechanism of nickelates. Despite extensive work, the superconducting pairing symmetry in La3Ni2O7 remains unresolved, with conflicting results even for identical methods. We argue that different superconducting states in La3Ni2O7 are in close competition and highly sensitive to the choice of interaction parameters as well as pressure-induced changes in the electronic structure. Our study uses a multiorbital Hubbard model, incorporating all Ni 3𝑑
and O 2𝑝 states. We analyze the superconducting pairing mechanism of La3Ni2O7 within the random phase approximation and find a transition between 𝑑-wave and sign-changing 𝑠-wave pairing states as a function of pressure and interaction parameters, which is driven by spin fluctuations with different wave vectors. These spin fluctuations with incommensurate wave vectors cooperatively stabilize a superconducting order parameter with 𝑑𝑥2−𝑦2 symmetry for realistic model parameters. Simultaneously, their competition may be responsible for the absence of magnetic order in La3Ni2O7, demonstrating that magnetic frustration and superconducting pairing can arise from the same set of incommensurate spin fluctuations.
Wie gelingt Zukunftsfähigkeit in einer komplexen Welt? Unsere Welt ist im Wandel - technologisch, global, ökologisch. Selbst Handlungskonzepte wie das "grüne Wachstum" wirken zunehmend unsicher, vor allem auf einem Planeten mit begrenzten Ressourcen und wachsender Weltbevölkerung. Dieses Lehrbuch lädt dazu ein, neue Perspektiven zu gewinnen: Wie können sich Unternehmen und Standorte zukunftsfähig ausrichten? Und: Was müssen wir aus Sicht der Volkswirtschaftslehre - disziplinär und interdisziplinär - hierfür über komplex adaptive Systeme lernen? Das erforderliche Komplexitätsverständnis wird in drei Teilen Schritt für Schritt entwickelt und mit Blick auf die Nachhaltigkeit anwendungsbezogen veranschaulicht.
Teil 1 bietet inspirierende Einblicke in die Vielfalt menschlicher Handlungsweisen, vom rationalen bis zum vielschichtigen Menschen, der sich von Narrativen, Emotionen und kognitiven Verzerrungen beeinflussen lässt.
Teil 2 sieht den Menschen als Systemelement bzw. Akteur und beleuchtet systemische Wechselwirkungen bei zunehmendem Komplexitätsgrad. Die Vorstellungen von einem "guten Leben" wandeln sich, von materiellen Lebensstandards und sozialer Gerechtigkeit hin zu Krisenresilienz und transformativer Leistungsfähigkeit.
Teil 3 stellt Ideen vor, wie die Governance menschengemachter Systeme mittels Regulierung, Kulturentwicklung und Nudging gelingen kann, wenn wir von der Partizipation in Wissens- und Lernnetzwerken und potenzieller Selbstwirksamkeit ausgehen.
Das Buch bietet Impulse für Lehre, Forschung und Praxis. Es eignet sich nicht nur für Studierende und Lehrende der Volkswirtschaftslehre. Es eröffnet auch Lehrenden der Sekundarstufe und Erwachsenenbildung neue Sichten sowie denjenigen, die in Wirtschaft, Verbänden, Politik, Verwaltung oder in zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen beratend aktiv sind. Kurzum: Ein Buch für alle, die systemischen Wandel nicht nur verstehen, sondern mitgestalten wollen.
Unlocking the secrets of award-winning retail store design – The case of Deutsche Telekom in Germany
(2025)
Despite the rise of digital sales channels, Deutsche Telekom continues to invest heavily in its physical retail operations. This case study demonstrates how the company leverages stores as strategic innovation hubs that extend far beyond their traditional sales function. The analysis highlights the role of store design, technological integration, and symbolic branding as key drivers of customer experience and brand equity. Flagship stores serve as a testing ground for testing new concepts, while local adaptations strengthen cultural relevance within communities. Findings suggest that in highly digital industries, physical retail remains strategically valuable – not as a relic of the past, but as a platform for differentiation, customer engagement, and innovation. Properly designed, physical stores complement digital channels and reinforce the overall brand experience.
This paper presents an approach to teaching and consolidating skills in the context of sustainability “Prototyping Sustainability–Designing Sustainable IT” (ProS), using the workshop format for participatory and creative learning. The workshop integrates principles from Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), transformative and experiential learning, participatory design, and critical reflection on the digital age to engage participants in critically examining the environmental, economic, and social impacts of digital technologies in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Structured in five modular phases, from self-reflection and knowledge activation to collaborative prototyping and peer evaluation, the workshop offers a hands-on, gamified learning experience centred on real-world sustainability challenges. Learners create user-centred paper-based prototypes for digital products using tactile materials, persona-driven scenarios and knowledge of sustainable product characteristics gained in the workshop. Outcome measurement is supported through pre- and post-workshop surveys, peer voting templates, and paper-based prototype artefacts, enabling rich insight into behavioural intentions and learning gains. The paper discusses the educational value and sustainability relevance of the workshop engaging young people in critically reflecting on the environmental, economic, and social consequences of digitalization. Finally, it highlights challenges and limitations and proposes directions for future research.
Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agents offer a unique approach for engi-
neering complex behavior for individual agents in multi-agent systems. A developer
can define goals for each agent, specifying the desired outcomes in various con-
texts and implement plans as the means to reach those goals. The BDI reasoning
engine can then proceed to automatically select goals to pursue (goal deliberation)
and choose one or more of the provided plans to attempt to achieve them. However,
usually plans or at least part of the plans have to be provided by the agent’s developer
before the system is deployed. In this paper we present an approach for BDI agents
to generate their own plans using large language models (LLMs) using solely the
available context information such as goal descriptions, available beliefs and their
structural information. We show that the approach is viable in principle and explore
its reliability as well as discuss further use of LLMs in the context of automating
BDI-based agents.
Securing End-to-End Encrypted File Sharing Services with the Messaging Layer Security Protocol
(2025)
To protect data on the servers of cloud service providers, file-sharing services rely on End-to-End Encryption (E2EE). However, existing solutions have weaknesses that allow attackers to bypass E2EE permanently after stealing a clients keys once. In this paper, a concept for an E2EE file-sharing service is proposed which does not have this vulnerability. It is based on Messaging Layer Security (MLS) groups for key distribution, an authentication system based on asymmetric cryptography, Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) based access rights and a tamper-proof versioned storage system for synchronising sensitive data. The applicability of the concept is demonstrated by a prototype implementation and an evaluation based on benchmarks and a security analysis. Overall, the concept can fulfil the requirements of a basic file sharing service while providing stronger security guarantees than existing solutions.
In an era where AI-powered chatbots are increasingly being integrated into education and corporate learning, it is critical to determine whether these approaches benefit all learners or primarily cater to those with specific preferences. This study explores the interplay between learning preferences and learning outcomes in communication training using an AI-powered chatbot. In a field experiment with 17 participants, systematic thinkers and intrinsically motivated learners reported higher satisfaction and greater skill improvement, while those who preferred model learning and direct feedback benefited less. These findings suggest that AI-powered chatbots should be carefully designed to accommodate diverse learners and mitigate potential negative effects.
This paper introduces the LoRaWAN Collaboration Framework (LCF), a strategic blueprint for deploying and managing LoRaWAN infrastructures in smart cities with an emphasis on rural and small municipalities. LoRaWAN technology is distinguished by its capability to support long-range, low-power IoT applications, making it ideal for extensive and sparsely populated areas. The LCF aims to address common challenges in these settings, such as limited technical expertise, financial constraints, and the need for cross-municipal cooperation. It outlines roles and responsibilities across various stakeholders including municipal authorities, IT service providers, application developers, and end-users. The framework emphasizes the balance of technological, economic, ecological, and social sustainability in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper we describe the experiences from several LoRaWAN projects in small towns and municipalities, the derived framework, and future research directions towards ensuring the economic viability of the proposed model.
Future-proofing Education: A Prototype for Simulating Oral Examinations Using Large Language Models
(2023)
This study explores the impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) in higher education, focusing on an automated oral examination simulation using a prototype. The design considerations of the prototype are described, and the system is evaluated with a select group of educators and students. Technical and pedagogical observations are discussed. The prototype proved to be effective in simulating oral exams, providing personalized feedback, and streamlining educators' workloads. The promising results of the prototype show the potential for LLMs in democratizing education, inclusion of diverse student populations, and improvement of teaching quality and efficiency.
On-Demand-Verkehr bezeichnet Mobilitätsangebote, die auf Bestellung verfügbar sind. Ziel ist es, durch flexible Mobilitätsangebote Lücken im ländlichen öffentlichen Personennahverkehr (ÖPNV) zu schließen, insbesondere in dünn besiedelten Räumen und zu Randzeiten des Tages. Die Einführung solcher Dienste gestaltet sich für viele Kommunen jedoch aufgrund der hohen Lizenzgebühren für proprietäre Software als äußerst schwierig, insbesondere in strukturschwachen Regionen, die solche Dienste besonders benötigen. Im Rahmen des Projekts "Open-Source-Software für ländlichen On-Demand-Verkehr" (OSLO) wurde die Umsetzbarkeit einer niedrigschwelligen Open-Source-Lösung geprüft. Diese Lösung soll langfristig in die Open-Source-Mobilitätsplattform bbnavi integriert werden, um die Nutzung vorhandener Mobilitätsdaten zu erleichtern, Interoperabilität zu gewährleisten und die Anpassung an andere Regionen zu vereinfachen. Das Konzept beinhaltet eine Software-Architektur, einen speziell für den ländlichen Nahverkehr entwickelten intermodalen Routing-Algorithmus und ein Betriebs- und Organisationsmodell ([1]). In diesem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie eine effiziente Software-Architektur für das OSLO-Projekt entworfen wurde. Die zentralen Themen beinhalten die Strukturierung der Komponenten, die Anwendung von GTFS-Flex-V2, die Integration des angepassten Routing-Algorithmus sowie die Einbindung externer Schnittstellen.
Digital platforms can grow by motivating users to explore new ways to use a wider range of affiliated products and services. This work explores the power of IT Identity to motivate such innovative use, through identity's ability to intrinsically motivate behavior. Data from 209 Amazon.com users indicates that IT Identity may cause Trying to Innovate with an IT, mediated by Self-Esteem.
Diese Forschung untersucht die Bedeutung einer offenen Fehlerkultur für den Erfolg von Organisationen. Ziel ist es, die Auswirkungen einer Learning-from-Failure Culture (LFFC) auf Innovationskraft und Resilienz zu analysieren. Durch Literaturrecherche, Umfragen und Fallstudien sollen Handlungsempfehlungen für HR-Verantwortliche und Führungskräfte entwickelt werden. Erwartet wird, dass eine positive Fehlerkultur das Lernen und die Zusammenarbeit fördert und die Innovationsfähigkeit steigert. Die Ergebnisse sollen als Grundlage für Schulungsprogramme und HR-Strategien dienen, um die Fehlerkultur in Unternehmen zu stärken.
With growing popularity of social networks and online brand engagement, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are facing challenges in leveraging business value effectively from interactions with their online communities. Social listening tools, enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI), help enterprises to better understand customer needs and trends by synthesizing engagement and interaction data from various channels into actionable insights. However, prevalent tools widely appear too costly, inaccessible and complex to handle for SME managers. In response, we present this article on the design of "aiSnoop", an AI-assisted social listening tool for SME managers. The article describes how the tool was developed, demonstrated and evaluated as a design artifact with an SME-contextualized design science research approach. We find that automation, usability and transparency, and advanced AI integration are important social listening tool capabilities for SMEs, contributing to the broader discussion on AI-assisted decision-support system design from an SME-and practice-oriented research perspective.
The unexpected discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in layered van der Waals materials has sparked interest in both their fundamental properties and their potential for novel applications. Recent studies suggest near roomtemperature ferromagnetism in the pressurized van der Waals crystal CrGeTe3. We perform a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of magnetism and electronic correlations in CrGeTe3, combining broad-frequency reflectivity measurements with density functional theory and dynamical mean-field theory calculations. Our experimental optical conductivity spectra trace the signatures of developing ferromagnetic order and of the insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure. With increasing pressure, we observe the emergence of a midinfrared feature in the optical conductivity, indicating the development of strong orbital-selective correlations in the high-pressure ferromagnetic phase. We find a distinct relationship between the plasma frequency and Curie temperature of CrGeTe3, which strongly suggests that a double-exchange mechanism is responsible for the observed near room-temperature ferromagnetism. Our results clearly demonstrate the existence of a charge-transfer gap in the metallic phase, ruling out its previously conjectured collapse under pressure.
Successful Augmented Reality (AR) solutions require high technology acceptance and desire among users. Applying appropriate design methodologies can enhance the development of desirable AR systems and help to streamline design research projects. This article presents a methodological literature review of 58 pertinent articles, exploring the representation of methodological design frameworks in currently applied AR research practice. In result, User-Centered Design was identified most frequently by a large margin. Though, it could be observed that most articles from the field of applied AR only marginally describe any design processes. Moreover, Human-Centered Design, Participatory Design and Value Sensitive Design were only scantily represented; less than half of the papers followed a Design Science Research or Action Design Research approach. Several implications for applied research and practice are derived from these findings and discussed together with future research opportunities. Overall, this study contributes to the refinement of methodological design practice in the field of applied AR research.
Menschen in Organisationen treffen Entscheidungen. In der Regel wird ein Ziel angestrebt und die Entscheidung soll Maßnahmen in Gang bringen, welche die Erreichung des Ziels befördern. Den finalen Entscheidungen gehen Prozesse voraus, welche die Entscheidungsfindung vorbereiten. In diesem Rahmen werden etwaige Kon strukte – wie Handlungen, Technologien, Produkte, Verfahren, Steuerungssysteme – in Bezug auf ihren Beitrag zur Zielerreichung bewertet. Nun ist es nicht neu, dabei eine ganzheitliche Bewertung anzumahnen und nicht nur auf eine Wirkung zu blicken. Dennoch erhält man oft den Eindruck, dass im Rahmen von Entscheidungsfindungen in Politik, Gesellschaft, öffentlichen Institutionen aber eben auch Unternehmen zu wenig auf etwaige weitere Neben- und Folgewirkungen von Entscheidungen geblickt wird. Daher wird gefragt, ob die Grundidee des Ansatzes der Technologiefolgenabschätzung hilfreiche Instrumente bietet, welche die Entscheidungsprozesse in den betrieblichen Feldern Innovation, Technologieentwicklung und Management anreichern können.
Ethical considerations in software requirements engineering are a critical but often overlooked aspect of the software development process. However, requests for transparency and autonomy in the way IT artefacts are designed, described, used, applied and integrated in the everyday life are getting more pressing within the society. In this research, the process of software engineering is taken as an illustrative model for the proactive incorporation of ethical principles in the system design within the design of a software artefact. Specifically, the phase of requirements elicitation and analysis are expanded with ethical aspects, since that is where the first steps of the software construction as an artefact are initiated and the first common ground of understanding is achieved. Being rooted in the security engineering, the SQUARE process is expanded to provide a basic structure for incorporating of ethical aspects into software design. By doing so, the social and moral values become central to the design and development of new technologies.
The products of digital entrepreneurs are highly innovative, and their business models contribute to the prosperity and further development of the economy and society. However, studies indicate that most of all startups fail, particularly during the early stages of their business journey Prototyping as part of Lean Startup or Business Model Testing approaches, can assist digital early-stage startups in navigating uncertainty and achieving successful product launches. However, these methods are applied very individually and there is little empirical research on best practices. We therefore conducted 65 explorative expert interviews and asked successful startups about their prototyping practices. Our results include learnings on the prototyping process and the testing format, the role of the founding team during prototyping practices, the customer focus and the role of networks. Our study adds important details to theory and practice of the innovation and prototyping processes of digital early-stage startups. Our results offer actionable advice and guidance to any current and potential entrepreneur, but especially to first-time founders and less experienced executives in early stage-startups. Additionally, our contribution enhances the theoretical understanding of the Lean Startup approach and prototyping practices.
Competing with dominant players in the digital platform (DP) economy is an increasingly complex and expensive endeavor for alternative digital platform (ADP) providers trying to disrupt established platform ecosystems. Nevertheless, ADPs position themselves deliberately in the competitive space of large competitors, targeting customer groups whose values and mindsets differ from mainstream DPs. Although there are many examples to find in practice, the variety of ADPs across different DP ecosystems and industries, especially in regards of strategic objectives, directions and characteristics, has not been researched in-depth yet. Based on a systematic, practice-based artifact review, this paper analyses and compares 105 ADPs in the competitive space of dominant DP ecosystem players. The study utilizes the theory of Corporate Aikido as an analytical framework, mapping the strategic elements of overthrowing established value propositions and turning a competitors’ strengths into weaknesses. Our findings indicate that privacy- and security-awareness, empowerment and inclusivity, premium quality and curation, open source and free access, uncensored, transparent and decentralized platforms as well as ecological and climate-friendly offers shape the landscape of alternative approaches in today’s DP economy. The results are subsequently discussed, yielding managerial implications and future opportunities for DP research.
Instant Messaging (IM) is an increasingly popular form of communication in which two or more people exchange text-based multi-media messages in real time. However, as a result of aging, users have different needs and requirements towards the design of the communication application. This paper examines the preferences of users of different ages towards the User Interface (UI) design of Mobile Instant Massage (MIM) applications, i.e., instant message applications that can operate on smartphones. An online survey data about users' preferences towards the UI of this application type, limited to Indonesian users, was obtained. The results indicate that for some UI elements, both age groups showed the same preferences, while other requirements were significantly different. This paper aims to give a better understanding of the interface of the MIM application preferred by its users according to their age and thus inform application designers and product owners.
Low Code Development Platforms (LCDP) often promise an easy and fast way to include data processing and support into the otherwise non-digital process. Nevertheless, it often remains unclear, besides anecdotal evidence, how business users are getting on with transformation of business requirements into the software. This research explores the potential low code development has for business users to address their needs for process support via software tools. The experiment was chosen as the research method to assess the feasibility of software development with LCDP by novices. The results point towards a dedicated LCDP implementation approach if the technology is to be implemented in the business context. Hence, the research provides suggestions on how Business Unit Developers (BUD) can be supported to efficiently deliver productive results and how to assess LCDP-based development process and points towards potential challenges of LCDP implementation.
Informal learning at the workplace is a crucial ingredient in updating and upskilling today's workforce, but in many jobs, informal learning opportunities are scarce. Bite-sized learning via mobile devices (Mobile Micro-Learning, MML) can be a powerful means to enhance informal work-related learning also in such learning-deprived fields. Based on good practices of recent MML implementations, a lightweight approach is developed. It involves an instructional blueprint and an open-source, low-threshold technology for MML, and meets the specific needs of workers in learning-deprived fields. The main idea is a scan-to-learn system where Quick Response (QR) codes are attached to physical objects in the work environment. Workers can scan the QR codes to learn and are directed to short, interactive learning nuggets. For evaluation, a proof-of-concept is provided.
This article examines the digital learning divide in workplace learning, with an emphasis on the disparity in the distribution of advanced learning technologies (ALT) across different types of workplaces. The study employs a rapid literature review methodology to analyze the utilization of ALT in workplace learning. The findings indicate that the use of ALT is predominantly concentrated in the education, health and medical sectors, with limited implementation in other sectors. Moreover, in smaller organizations, in non-technical sectors and among white-collar workers, there are fewer opportunities for technology-enhanced learning. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and comprehensive research to address the digital divide in workplace learning, taking into consideration practice-based evidence and exploring the themes covered by training. Furthermore, the paper proposes an investigation into the complexity and resource intensity of implementing ALT to enhance technology-based learning in all workplaces. In general, this research establishes the basis for comprehending and bridging the digital learning divide in the workplace.
Learning in the workplace is crucial for updating and upskilling the workforce to both new and existing employees. Given the limited opportunities for informal learning due to solitary work conditions or off-site locations, mobile devices like smartphones and wearables such as smart glasses can play a significant role. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent to which mobile micro-learning can enhance work-related education, with a focus on lightweight, practical applications in learning-deprived environments. Comparative analyses are presented for mobile micro-learning approaches for smartphones and smart glasses based on recent studies, specifically examining their impact on learning and
modes of interaction. Based on good practices of recent MML
implementations, we present principles for implementation and offer lightweight proof-of-concept models for both handheld devices and smart glasses. This knowledge might be relevant for researchers, small and medium-sized enterprises, practitioners, and others involved in knowledge transfer
The integrated Berry curvature is a geometric property that has dramatic implications for material properties. This study investigates the integrated Berry curvature and other contributions to the anomalous Hall effect in CrGeTe3 as a function of pressure. The anomalous Hall effect is absent in the insulating phase of CrGeTe3 and evolves with pressure in a domelike fashion as pressure is applied. The dome's edges are characterized by Fermi surface deformations, manifested as mixed electron and hole transport. We corroborate the presence of bipolar transport using ab initio calculations, which also predict a nonmonotonic behavior of the Berry curvature as a function of pressure. Quantitative discrepancies between our calculations and experimental results indicate that additional scattering mechanisms, which are also strongly tuned by pressure, contribute to the anomalous Hall effect in CrGeTe3.
The public sector faces considerable challenges that stem from increasing external and internal demands, the need for diverse and complex services, and citizens' lack of satisfaction and trust in public sector organisations (PSOs). An alternative to traditional public service delivery is the co-creation of public services. Data analytics has been fueled by the availability of immense amounts of data, including textual data, and techniques to analyze data, so it has immense potential to foster data-driven solutions for the public sector. In the paper, we systematically review the existing literature on the application of Text Analytics (TA) techniques on textual data that can support public service co-creation. In this review, we identify the TA techniques, the public services and the co-creation phase they support, as well as envisioned public values for the stakeholder groups. On the basis of the analysis, we develop a Research Framework that helps to structure the TA-enabled co-creation process in PSOs, increases awareness among public sector organizations and stakeholders on the significant potential of TA in creating value, and provides scholars with some avenues for further research.
When it comes to human resource management (HRM), small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) primarily rely on informal approaches. Thereby, HR practitioners often listen to their guts feeling instead of using more systematic HR practices that are, as research evidence shows, more effective for attracting, motivating and retaining talented staff. This paper elaborates on the question how SMEs may profit from the design and implementation of evidence-based, systematic HRM instruments. The analysis focuses on the antecedents of the so called science-practitioner gap in HRM and why it is even more pronounced in SMEs as compared to larger companies. As a conclusion, we find that SMEs need to design HRM instruments that are systematic and evidence-based in their approach, but can be used by HR practitioners on an intuitive basis without ex ante training or cumbersome formal procedures. However, designing HRM instruments based on a so-called "walk-up-and-use" approach means beating new paths. Given the scarce resources for people management in SMEs, such innovative HRM instruments cannot be developed by a single SME alone. Therefore, the paradigm of open cooperation as it has been successfully applied in open source software (OSS) development is evaluated , in particular whether it can be transferred on the design of HRM instruments that take into account the specific needs of SMEs. First of all, we conceptualize a general framework how HR practitioners from SMEs and HR experts from business and academia can jointly develop Open HRM instruments. Then we discuss the social side of Open HRM, in particular why someone should contribute to Open HRM without receiving immediate profits, how to ensure the quality of openly developed HRM instruments and other gov-ernance issues. As a conclusion, we find that-despite a number of technical and social challenges that have to be overcome-Open HRM has a great potential in order to open up evidence-based HRM for SMEs.
In the face of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, the everchanging knowledge base of sustainability and therelated learning become vital. This applies especially to the field of sustainable digitalization. The literature providesgaps in the combination of sustainable digitalization with learning, due to the rapid developments and innovationsin this field.AI-based Chatbots could be a solution to rapidly build knowledge in this fast-evolving field, as they are able to drawupon a large body of recent knowledge and allow personalized, individual learning. They are created to understandquestions and respond to users via text, voice, or avatar in an interactive manner to facilitate learning (AI-Abdullatif,2023). Thus, AI-based Chatbots could enhance student-centered e-learning, which has shown to be a valuable toolfor sustainability literacy (Diamond & Irwin, 2013). Nonetheless, existing research does not yet provide sufficientevidence on what learning outcomes (e.g., knowledge acquisition) can be achieved with this AI-based approach tolearning. Therefore, it is crucial for us to determine whether and how they can be effectively utilized for this purpose.In this study, we examine the impact of AI-based Chatbots on learning outcomes in the context of sustainabledigitalization, in comparison to conventional digital learning methods. We conduct a field experiment with a pre-and post-test assessing the respective level of knowledge and sustainability-related competencies amongparticipants. The participants of the study (N=269) engage with different types of supported learning activitiesrelated to sustainable development. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four advanced learningtechnologies: a) AI-assisted personal tutoring (Chatbot), b) non-AI-based conversational learning and c) interactivevideo with embedded activities. Variations in learning outcomes depending on design characteristics of the learningactivity will be measured using the Self-Perceived Action Competence for Sustainability Questionnaire (SPACS-Q)(Olsson et al., 2020) as well as as well as a set of questions to assess knowledge retention.Results indicate that AI-based chatbots may be a viable method to enhance knowledge about practices in sustainabledigitalization. However, sustainability action competencies, such as confidence in one's own influence on shaping amore sustainable future and the willingness to undertake concrete actions, which may require higher-order learningprocesses, are not positively affected by short learning activities with our AI-based chatbot. We found evidence thatnon-AI-based learning activities yield similar increases in building knowledge on sustainable digitalization but alsosignificantly enhance sustainability action competencies related to potential behavioral changes.What does learner-centered pedagogy look like in reimagining the digital classroom of the future?93Assuming that our results are generalizable to other learning topics, the evidence found in this study suggests thatAI-based chatbots can contribute to addressing our most significant transformational challenges, all characterizedby a rapidly evolving knowledge base. Further research is particularly needed with respect to the preferable designcharacteristics of digital learning activities (both AI-based and non-AI-based) to achieve optimal outcomes in buildingsustainability competencies.
Facing modern challenges of digital transformation, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to ensure informed and strategic decision-making before adopting new digital technology. This study builds upon Action Design Research (ADR) on educational escape room design targeting SME practitioners in technology adoption decision-making. We hypothesize that the game experience influences SMEs’ artificial intelligence (AI) adoption decisions regarding technology-, organization- and environment-related perceptions and evaluate the survey data of 70 participants, who are SME owners or members. According to the results, the game-based approach was well-received. Engagement in the game positively influenced participants' affective state and improved self-reflection. The experience influenced participants' perceptions of AI's transformative potential. In order to facilitate easier transfer to different personal business contexts, future design iterations will include more process-neutral AI applications. The study contributes to research on game-based knowledge transfer in organizational contexts, providing insightful results and encouraging further exploration in this emerging field.
One fundamental value proposition of every digital platform is to facilitate transactions between two or more stakeholders. Active user engagement is therefore a crucial success factor for platforms to thrive, grow and establish a competitive network. This paper delves into the topic of platform engagement on content-and-review platforms by using Google Maps as a research tool. Applying a qualitative approach, a descriptive analysis of local business entities’ data on Google Maps is elaborated, focusing particularly on engagement activi-ties in the conjunction of business-owners and end-users. The findings suggest that under-, over-, and non-engagement are less desirable for local business entities. Following a practice-oriented discussion, strategic pathways are proposed to leverage business value from platform engagement activities.
Sowohl für die eigene Durchführung von Marktforschungsstudien als auch für die Interpretation und Beurteilung von in Auftrag gegebenen Studien sind profunde Marktforschungskenntnisse unverzichtbar. Mit welcher Erhebungsmethode können Daten möglichst unverzerrt gewonnen werden? Wie ist das Erhebungsdesign festzulegen, um einen hohen Datenrücklauf zu erreichen? Wie können die Daten analysiert und interpretiert werden? Wie lässt sich die Qualität der Studie und der Ergebnisse einschätzen? Wie können die Ergebnisse zielgruppengerecht präsentiert werden? Das Workbook Marktforschung bietet Praktiker:innen und Studierenden einen schnellen Überblick über die Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Konzeption, Durchführung und Beurteilung von Marktforschungsstudien. Dabei werden die zentralen Methoden der qualitativen und quantitativen Forschung zur Erhebung und Analyse von Marktdaten abgedeckt. Die Tools werden in kompakt-strukturierter Form präsentiert und anhand von Beispielen erläutert. Zu jedem Tool gibt es hilfreiche Tipps für die praktische Umsetzung.
Probably no-one will publicly admit that justice is not important to him. The allegation of injustice is used to describe moral positions and justify demands. However, there is no simple and unambiguous description of just positions or just actions. To overcome the man-made climate crisis, a fair distribution of benefits and burdens is called for. Some stakeholders also use the argument of justice to disguise their interests. The question to be clarified is: Who may cause how much damage to whom and who must make what efforts to compensate for the damage and prevent future damage? This text reports on attempts to establish an ethical foundation for climate justice and on international political activities that claim to achieve greater climate justice.
When small- and medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) pursue digital transformation (DT) projects, awareness for available solutions and exploration of best practices and collaboration opportunities belong to key activities. This short paper presents background, design and preliminary evaluation of an open innovation (OI) platform for SME DT, which showcases projects completed by collaborating expert institutions and offers new project pitches. Initial findings from user tests with SME practitioners indicate that the solution supports SMEs in DT exploration phases. Moreover, insights on SME OI platform design criteria are derived.
IT Service Management (ITSM) education is nowadays an established subject of IT-related higher education programs worldwide. The recent years have witnessed significant developments in software and ITSM frameworks, which underscores the importance of adapting educational formats to meet the latest standards. Recent developments include the introduction of practice-oriented approaches and case-based learning. Building upon previous literature, this study describes and evaluates the first iteration of a teaching case integrating a simulation game for practicing ITIL® 4 foundations in an undergraduate ITSM curriculum. The game-based approach shows scalability and dynamism, fostering high student engagement and content comprehension. It represents a promising avenue for training IT workers and contributes to ongoing ITSM education development.
Finding an optimal balance between risk and returns in investment portfolios is a central challenge in quantitative finance, often addressed through Markowitz portfolio theory (MPT). While traditional portfolio optimization is carried out in a continuous fashion, as if stocks could be bought in fractional increments, practical implementations often resort to approximations, as fractional stocks are typically not tradeable. While these approximations are effective for large investment budgets, they deteriorate as budgets decrease. To alleviate this issue, a discrete Markowitz portfolio theory (DMPT) with finite budgets and integer stock weights can be formulated, but results in a non-polynomial (NP)-hard problem. Recent progress in quantum processing units (QPUs), including quantum annealers, makes solving DMPT problems feasible. Our study explores portfolio optimization on quantum annealers, establishing a mapping between continuous and discrete Markowitz portfolio theories. We find that correctly normalized discrete portfolios converge to continuous solutions as budgets increase. Our DMPT implementation provides efficient frontier solutions, outperforming traditional rounding methods, even for moderate budgets. Responding to the demand for environmentally and socially responsible investments, we enhance our discrete portfolio optimization with ESG (environmental, social, governance) ratings for EURO STOXX 50 index stocks. We introduce a utility function incorporating ESG ratings to balance risk, return and ESG friendliness, and discuss implications for ESG-aware investors.
Deutsche Telekom, one of the world's leading integrated telecommunications companies, has recently shifted its focus in event marketing to prioritize more personal co-creational communication on regional occasions, rather than largescale events. This paper outlines the three-part LAW-principle that Deutsche Telekom follows in its brand communication in Germany, providing examples for each of the three pillars. The co-creation resulting from brand communication is changing the role of marketing and brand practitioners. They are now required to negotiate with various stakeholders.
1. Introduction
(2023)
Auf dem Weg zu mehr Klimagerechtigkeit Im Bündnis mit dem Globalen Süden Widerstände überwinden
(2023)
Die Menschen sind im Anthropozän auf einer gefährlichen Reise. Das Ziel steht noch nicht fest. Die Ankunft in einem guten Leben für alle innerhalb planetarer Grenzen ist immer noch möglich. Aber zurzeit führt die Reise eher zu einer Überhitzung der Erde. Gesundheit und Leben wären dann für viele Lebewesen – auch für den Menschen – massiv gefährdet. Das Buch behandelt die Fragen: • Wie sind wir in diese Lage geraten? • In welcher Richtung können Auswege liegen? • Welche Hindernisse sind zu überwinden? Es werden Strategien abgewogen und einige überraschende Bündnispartner identifiziert. Geschickt gestaltete Märkte können helfen, die Erderwärmung aufzuhalten. Nur in einer gleicheren und gerechteren Welt könnten alle Menschen gut, aber bescheidener leben. Die Alternative dazu wäre eine übererhitzte, gefährliche Welt. Eine gute Entwicklung ist noch möglich. Sie erfordert eine globale Transformation von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Die wohlhabenden Staaten sind gut beraten, die Interessen des „Globalen Südens“ und der künftigen Generationen zu respektieren – auch durch den klugen Einsatz erheblicher Finanzmittel und eine Kooperation auf Augenhöhe.
Propagation of information technology in the increasingly diverse domains, raises question concerning moral implications. While the number of ethical principles in the IT design is growing, they do not necessarily apply to specific products, which means developers and e.g. purchasing agent need to contextualize them for each specific IT product. This paper describes an actionable artifact that allows assessment of ethical non-functional requirements of an information system through operationalization of ethical values, Ethical Software Assessment Tool (ESAT). It is based on a survey of values that are currently considered in research and practice as well as in legal initiatives in IT context. The ethical approach and principles operationalized in ESAT are presented and discussed.
Laws are the reflection of the ethical and moral principles of the society. While the use of technology influences users’ behavior in a pace that is affected by the technology introduction to the market, legal activities can be driven by the society as the results of such interactions. This scenario analysis- based research focuses on a classic but fictional food recommender system and the ethical issues that might occur from its usage. The recommender system is taken here as an example of machine learning-based systems (MLS) that can often be found in the individual, business and administrative applications. The research compares the existing legal solutions, with the focus on the GDPR legislation, and the discovered ethical issues. The ethical analysis is led along the ALTAI principles suggested by the European Commission, the common good approach as well as the general principles constituted in human rights. While the GDPR-based analysis showed that this data- and privacy-based legislation addressed most of the identified ethical issues, questions related to the common good approach in the context of environment and mobility that arise due to the wide spectrum of the MLS usage require further legal discussion. The application of the two approaches shows that conducting the ethical and legal analysis is beneficial for both the designers of such MLS as well as the legal actors. The findings can enhance the design and functions of a user-facing MLS as well as influence or validate legal activities.
Brand value co-creation: field emergence, applications, measurement and future research directions
(2023)
Small Businesses Participating in Digital Platform Ecosystems - A Descriptive Literature Review
(2023)
The emergence of digital multi-sided platforms has disrupted day-to-day business in many industries. Nowadays, many small businesses participate in digital platform (DP) ecosystems and act as value creators or complementors. Investigating the small business perspective does not have a rich tradition in platform research yet. In response, this paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) analyzing the thematic points of focus and highlighting new avenues for information systems and small business research. We find that objectives related to digital transformation, digital strategy- and business model-development, and DP adoption are fundamental topics in the conjunction of small business and DP ecosystems. Based on the findings, an agenda for future research is developed, including propositions for practice-oriented and human-centered approaches fostering sustilience, innovation capabilities and digital leadership competencies in small businesses facing DP ecosystem participation.
"Digital" is a popular adjective for concepts related to electronic, computerized or networked processes in current research and practice. From an ontological-theoretical perspective, the prevalence of digital things triggers the question, how Digitality itself could be conceptualized. This article studies the ontology of Digitality and consequently discusses Digital Innovation (DI) from a new perspective. First, literature on Digitality is analyzed. Based on the findings, an ontological conceptual framework of Digitality (OCFD) is proposed. It describes four layers of Digitality: physical foundations, virtuality, digital culture and world, and digital metaphysics. From a human perspective, requirements to grasp and embody Digitality are highlighted, as well as the expansion of reality. Finally, Digitality is discussed as a paradigm of DI and exemplary digital phenomena are projected onto the OCFD. This paper contributes to DI research and practice through theory-building towards a better understanding of ontological characteristics and practical implications of Digitality in DI.
Climate will be decided in the global south Mankind is on a dangerous journey in the Anthropocene. Arriving at a good life for all within planetary boundaries is still possible. But at present, the journey is more likely to lead to an overheating of the Earth. Health and life would then be massively endangered for many living beings - including humans. A positive development is still possible, but it requires a global transformation of the economy and society. The prosperous states and companies are well advised, to respect the interests of the global south and future generations, and to use wisely the considerable financial resources in a cooperation of equals. This book • highlights past carbon emissions and their consequences, • reflects on the main drivers of future emissions, • discusses strategies like green growth, de-growth, • presents market-based instruments like carbon trading and carbon border adjustment and • emphasises the key role played by the emerging countries of the global south. It is not only a matter of justice but furthermore in the interest of the rich countries in the global north to contribute massively to financing a "green leapfrogging" of the global south into a carbon-free prosperity. Failing to achieve it will bring unspeakable losses and suffering to many people all over the planet.
In diesem Whitepaper fokussieren wir uns auf die KI-Verordnung nicht erfasste freiwillige Zertifizierung. Dabei stehen die Interessen und Sichtweisen der Verbraucher*innen im Vordergrund. Als Verbraucher*innen betrachten wir nicht nur die unmittelbaren Nutzer*innen von KI-Systemen, sondern auch Privatpersonen, die indirekt von KI-Ergebnissen betroffen sein können. Zudem berücksichtigen wir Menschen in der Rolle als souveräne Datensubjekte, deren personenbezogene Daten in die Entwicklung von KI-Systemen einfließen. Dieses breite Verständnis des Verbraucher*innenbegriffs entspricht dem Selbstverständnis des Zentrums für vertrauenswürdige Künstliche Intelligenz (ZVKI). Wir stellen Thesen auf, wie freiwillige Zertifizierungen von KI-Systemen für Verbraucher*innen nützlich sein können. Die im Verlauf vorgestellten und begründeten acht Thesen wurden in einer Reihe von interdisziplinären Workshops erarbeitet. Dabei identifizierten wir Herausforderungen einer KI-Zertifizierung aus Verbraucher*innensicht und präzisierten diese iterativ. Die Gruppendiskussionen dienten als Grundlage dieses Whitepapers und bauten auf Erkenntnissen der Fach-Arbeitsgruppe „KI Zertifizierung“ des ZVKI auf. Alle Co-Autor*innen waren an der Erstellung des finalen Texts beteiligt. Die aufgestellten Thesen thematisieren grundlegende Anforderungen an eine KI-Zertifizierung aus einer übergeordneten Perspektive, unabhängig von den spezifischen Details einer KI-Anwendung. Somit liefern sie keine Aussagen zu konkreten Inhalten der Zertifizierung. Detaillierte Empfehlungen setzen eine umfassende Analyse von Einsatzfällen voraus, die in diesem Rahmen nicht geleistet werden kann.
DIN SPEC 92001-3 Artificial Intelligence – Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements. Artificial Intelligence has become a game-changer, but its impact must be approached responsibly. This is the third document in a series, and it aims to ensure that AI systems are developed, deployed, and used efficiently, responsibly, and in a trustworthy way. It focuses on “Explainability” – the ability to understand how AI makes decisions. This DIN SPEC 92001-3 provides a domain-independent guide on promoting explainability throughout the AI system’s life cycle. It tackles “opacity”, describing sources and effects of opacity in AI and how explanations can mitigate them. The goal is to foster a better understanding and effective use of Explainable AI across various applications, fostering principles of trust and transparency in AI-based systems. This DIN SPEC is the result of „Zertifizierung von Standard-KI-Anwendungen (Zertifizierte KI project)“ https://www.zertifizierte-ki.de/. The publication is available for free at Beuth Verlag GmbH www.beuth.de - plus the search for "DIN SPEC 92001-3"
Die digitalen Technologien verändern die Gesellschaft, auch die akademischen Wissen-schaftssysteme sind betroffen. Das erfordert verstärkte Überlegungen zum Einsatz solcher Techno-logien und zu ihrem Einfluss auf Lehre und Studium. Der Beitrag fokussiert die Relevanz von AI-Literacy im Kontext des Einsatzes Generativer KI aus zwei Perspektiven. Zunächst wird die Wahr-nehmung und Bereitschaft von Studierenden, KI-basierte Tools zur automatisierten Textgenerierung zu nutzen, empirisch untersucht. Im zweiten Teil wird ein auf Ko-Kreation ausgerichtetes Lehrkon-zept modelliert, das neben fachlichen auch AI-Literacy-Kompetenzen adressiert. Die Ergebnisse führen zu Handlungsansätzen, insbesondere für Wirtschaftsinformatik-Studiengänge.
This article presents a research outline on the use of microlearning applications to develop digital competencies in Small and Medium-sized Enter-prises (SMEs). The digital transformation of businesses has become essential for their survival, and SMEs need to develop digital competencies (DC) to remain competitive in the market. Microlearning (ML), a form of learning that involves small, bite-sized learning modules, has been gaining popularity in recent years as a way to efficiently and effectively develop skills. Through a semi-systematic literature review approach, our study examines prevalent knowledge in the area of ML and DC and discusses interrelations. As a result, we propose a research roadmap consisting of six research questions targeting four dimensions of ML for DC development in SMEs: 1) context, 2) formats, 3) reward system, and 4) complexity level.
Digital transformation initiatives in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are often hampered by individual practitioners' perceptions of information and communication technology (ICT). This research employs an educational escape room (ER) game for an intervention towards informed decision-making on ICT adoption in SMEs. ER design and implementation are elaborated and consequently tested with SME practitioners, all embedded in an action-design study based on a qualitative research methodology. The result highlights a trade-off between creating immersive game experiences and achieving learning objectives. Still, the outcome implies an impact on players' perception of ICT integrated in the ER. The findings contribute to the emerging field of serious games for learning and shed light on the potential of game-based interventions for SMEs.
Low code development platforms (LCDP) often promise an easy and fast way to include data processing and support into the otherwise non-digital process. This research explores how to measure the productivity of low code development to assess the effort needed for business users to respond to their need for support via these tools. We chose field experiments as a research method to evaluate the feasibility and derive the metrics for software development with LCDP by novices. The paper provides some insights on how these measures can be implemented in practice, how to support business unit developers to efficiently deliver productive results, and how to evaluate LCDP-based development processes.
This paper presents a study on the feasibility of using large language models (LLM) for coding with low-resource and domain-specific programming languages that typically lack the amount of data required for effective LLM processing techniques. This study focuses on the econometric scripting language named hansl of the open-source software gretl and employs a proprietary LLM based on GPT-3.5. Our findings suggest that LLMs can be a useful tool for writing, understanding, improving, and documenting gretl code, which includes generating descriptive docstrings for functions and providing precise explanations for abstract and poorly documented econometric code. While the LLM showcased promoting docstring-to-code translation capability, we also identify some limitations, such as its inability to improve certain sections of code and to write accurate unit tests. This study is a step towards leveraging the power of LLMs to facilitate software development in low-resource programming languages and ultimately to lower barriers to entry for their adoption.
Die Anzahl von mit Hilfe der Internettechnologie im Web zur Verfügung gestellten offenen API (Open APIs) zeigt ein exponentielles Wachstum. Auf der Grundlage kompositorisch zusammengesetzter APIs entstehen innovative Lösungen, die sich zunehmend als Treiber der Digitalisierung positionieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund gilt es, Open APIs aus der Perspektive der fachlichen Nutzung zu gestalten, so dass diese in möglichst vielfältigen Anwendungsszenarien stabil und nachhaltig verwendet werden können. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch von einer „API first“-Strategie gesprochen. Die erste Session des Workshops widmet sich dieser Themenstellung, wobei u.a. auf Fragen der API-Gestaltung mit Hilfe einer OpenAPI bzw. Swagger Spezifikation eingegangen wird. Mit Aspekten des entwicklungsseitig und betrieblich benötigten API-Managements beschäftigt sich dann die zweite Session. Dabei soll sowohl auf Aspekte der Identifizierung und Authentifizierung konkreter API-Zugriffe als auch auf die Themenstellung einer DevOps-orientierten API-Bereitstellung eingegangen werden. Innovative Techniken, welche im Diskurs einer kompositorischen Softwareentwicklung verwendet werden können, stehen im Mittelpunkt der letzten Session. Dabei geht es zunächst um die durch Facebook propagierte Abfragesprache GraphQL, welche die Einbindung von httpbasierten APIs vereinfachen soll. Ein weiterer Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung einer mobil einsetzbaren Serviceapplikation, die umfangreichen Gebrauch von Open APIs macht. Dabei wird auf lokal installierte Entwicklungsumgebungen weitgehend verzichtet, d.h. auch diese findet Cloud-basiert statt. Der thematische Hintergrund dieses Workshops entstammt dem im letzten Jahr in Berlin durchgeführten ESAPI-Workshop (speziell dem World Café). Die Ergebnisse der dort diskutierten Fragen sind im letzten Beitrag dokumentiert.
Unsere Welt verändert sich in unterschiedlichen Tempi und Verwerfungstiefen. Dies ist das einzig Verlässliche für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft.
Zum einen zählt die kreative Zerstörung zum ‚Markenkern‘ marktwirtschaftlicher Systeme. Die Wirtschaftsakteure stehen dadurch an ihrem jeweiligen Standort unter einer Art (produktivem) Dauerstress. Es gibt Gewinner und Verlierer, weil Wettbewerber unterschiedlich erfolgreich kostensenkende Rationalisierungen, technischen Fortschritt und die Erschließung neuer (globaler) Märkte realisieren. Der damit einhergehende Strukturwandel gilt als wirtschaftssystemischer Normalzustand.
Zum anderen gibt es Krisen. Und auch ‚unter Schock‘ (re-)agieren Akteure ungleich, wie die Corona-Pandemie oder abrupte Veränderungen durch die Finanzkrise zeigen. Einige Akteure und Standorte bleiben mit ihrem jeweiligen Profil und Potenzial (weiterhin) produktiv widerstandsfähig. Für andere verschärfen sich der wirtschaftliche Niedergang und dessen Folgen für die Arbeitsmärkte und Lebensqualität der Betroffenen.
Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung unterstützt, dass sich die Wirtschaftsstrukturen an einem Standort überlebensfähig ausrichten. Doch kann sie auch beim Umgang mit Krisen einen Mehrwert erzielen und zählt dies überhaupt zu ihrem Regelauftrag? Und welche Rolle spielt die Digitalisierung? Der Beitrag stellt den sachlogischen Zusammenhang zwischen diesen Teilfragen her und ordnet neuere Ansätze ein. Zudem werden Ansatzstellen aufgezeigt, um die regionale Wirtschaftsförderung praxisorientiert weiterzuentwickeln. ‚Electronic Government‘ (E-Government) beschreibt dabei den Einsatz von Informationstechnik, Telekommunikation und Medien (ITKM) im öffentlichen Sektor, während ‚Electronic Governance‘ (E-Governance) hybride oder private Akteure miteinbezieht.
Der Beitrag ist wie folgt strukturiert: Zunächst werden Schlüsselbegriffe wie Strukturpolitik und Resilienz geklärt und mit den Kontextfaktoren verknüpft, welche die Steuerungslogik von Wirtschaftsförderung bestimmen. Danach wird diskutiert, inwiefern die Wirtschaftsförderung E-Government und E-Governance nutzen kann, um Resilienz zu stärken und möglichst transformativ wirken zu können.
Limitierende Faktoren
(2023)
Wie bei allen Risiken gibt es auch bei Compliance-Risiken kein Null-Risiko. Man wird in der Praxis noch nicht einmal in die unmittelbare Nähe einer Null kommen. Ein Null-Compliance-Risiko ist auch deshalb nicht erreichbar, weil sich ständig neue Risikofelder auftun. So beispielsweise durch Änderung von Geschäftsmodellen oder Vertriebswegen oder durch neue rechtliche Rahmenbedingen.
We present a method for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, which is based on a system of integral equations that relates terminal density and option prices. Using a discretization of the terminal density, we write these integral equations as a system of linear equations. We show that the kernel matrix of this system is, in general, ill-conditioned, so that it cannot be solved for the discretized density using a naive approach. Instead, we construct a sparse model for the kernel matrix using singular value decomposition (SVD), which allows us not only to systematically improve the condition number of the kernel matrix, but also determines the computational effort and accuracy of our method. In order to allow for the treatment of realistic inputs that may contain arbitrage, we reformulate the system of linear equations as an optimization problem, in which the SVD-transformed density minimizes the error between the input prices and the arbitrage-free prices generated by our method. To further stabilize the method in the presence of noisy input prices or arbitrage, we apply an 𝐿1-regularization to the SVD-transformed density. Our approach, which is inspired by recent progress in theoretical physics, offers a flexible and efficient framework for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, without the need to explicitly specify a stochastic process, expansion basis functions or any other kind of model. We demonstrate the capabilities of our method in a number of artificial and realistic test cases.
Compliance-Management
(2023)
Dieses Buch bietet eine komprimierte und praxisorientierte Einführung in die Grundlagen und Anforderungen eines Compliance-Managements, um den Leser schnell mit aktuellen und zentralen Regelungen vertraut zu machen. Dabei wird auf gesetzliche und regulatorische Bestimmungen ebenso eingegangen wie auf betriebswirtschaftliche Notwendigkeiten, um Mitarbeitende und Unternehmen vor den schwerwiegenden Folgen von Compliance-Verstößen zu schützen.
Layered van der Waals ferromagnets, which preserve their magnetic properties down to exfoliated monolayers, are fueling an abundance of fundamental research and nanoscale device demonstration. CrGeTe3 is a prime example of this class of materials. Its temperature-pressure phase diagram features an insulator-to-metal transition and a significant increase in ferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperatures upon entering the metallic state. We use density functional theory to understand the magnetic exchange interactions in CrGeTe3 at ambient and elevated pressures. We calculate Heisenberg exchange couplings, which provide the correct ferromagnetic ground state and explain the experimentally observed pressure dependence of magnetism in CrGeTe3. Furthermore, we combine density functional theory with dynamical mean-field theory to investigate the effects of electronic correlations and the nature of the high-pressure metallic state in CrGeTe3.
Unternehmen und Unternehmens-IT stehen im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung vor großen Umbrüchen. Geschäftsprozesse und die eingesetzten IT-Systemlandschaften verändern sich im schnellen Takt, teilweise werden erprobte Geschäftsmodelle disruptiv durch völlig neue Technologien ergänzt oder gar ersetzt. Dieses schnelllebige Umfeld erfordert eine intensive und qualitativ hochwertige Ausbildung der Mitarbeiter. Präsenzschulungen sind in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie aber schwer zu realisieren. Wie eine praxisnahe und Fallstudien-basierte Ausbildung im ERP-Kontext trotzdem möglich ist, zeigt das E-Learning-basierte Programm erp4students der Technischen Hochschule Brandenburg am Beispiel von 13 Modulen im Umfeld neuester SAP-Technologien.
„Ich will loslegen!“ (IWL). Dieser Ausruf spiegelt die Motivation der befragten Unternehmer*innen zu einem Zeitpunkt wider, an dem sie sich entschlossen haben, ein erstes oder neues Digitalisierungsprojekt zu initiieren. Um aktiv eine Unterstützung für das Vorhaben anzufragen, beantworteten kleinste, kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KKMU) die 100 Fragen des IST-1-Fragebogens. Unsere IWL-Studie beinhaltet die Analyse der Antworten der Unternehmer*innen und ermöglicht neue Erkenntnisse. Sie zeigt Bedürfnisse und Widersprüche im Hinblick auf Digitalisierungsvorhaben auf. Wo setzen KKMU ihren Fokus, wie handeln sie und welche Potenziale und Hürden offenbaren sich im Kontext digitaler Lösungen? Die verschiedenen Punkte werden in der vorliegenden Fassung anhand von Hypothesen erläutert und abschließend diskutiert.
Selbstbestimmte Identitäten
(2021)