TY - JOUR A1 - Schnitzer, Julia A1 - Kodalle, Micha T1 - Brain computer interface (BCI) - UX-design for visual and non-visual interaction by mental commands in the context of technical possibilities JF - Electronic imaging JF - IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging : Mobile Devices and Multimedia: Enabling Technologies, Algorithms, and Applications, 2022 N2 - How do we interact with the digital world in the future by only using our thoughts to interact? To interact with the digital world, we use gestures (most common: swipe gestures), voice, facial expressions and mental commands. The latter has become more important by recent press releases about scientific achievements, for example, from Neuralink [1] using invasive technology to control a computer game by thoughts only [2]. Another study says an application can display text on a screen by just thinking about a word [3]. Currently, BCIs are mainly developed for neurotechnology and healthcare. However, it is a question of time when these services will be available for commercial products for everyday life. (Until then, manufacturers have to minimize health risks and face privacy and safety regulations.) The thesis is that in the future, you will be able to interact with your digital devices just by using your thoughts and you’ll do much faster. This makes sense in many situations where you f. e. do not have a free hand (manufacturing, sports) or cannot speak (underwater). But for such services, you cannot rely on conventional visual design guidelines or interaction patterns, frameworks or libraries. Navigation interacting with a digital service by mental command has a lot of advantages, the human brain comes naturally with some specific features that force us to find a radically new way to interact with digital interfaces. The following study introduces you first into working conditions with mental commands, comparing invasive and non-invasive technologies, and later on comparing several possibilities of interaction patterns for a BCI of everyday usage. [1] Neuralink is a US neurotechnology company founded in July 2016 by Elon Musk and eight other persons. Neuralink’s goal is to develop a device for communication between human brain and computers, a so-called brain-computer-interface(BCI). [2] The Guardian, Fr. 9th April 2021 “Elon Musk startup shows monkey with brain chip implants playing video game”. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/apr/09/elon-musk- neuralink-monkey-video-game . [3] Scientific American, 15th July 2021, Neuroscience, author Emily Willingham: “New Brain Implant Transmits Full Words from Neural Signals”. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/34/3/MOBMU-402 SN - 2470-1173 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 402-1 EP - 402-8 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tumarkin, Andrey A1 - Tyurnina, Natalya A1 - Mukhin, Nikolay A1 - Tyurnina, Zoya A1 - Sinelshchikova, Olga A1 - Gagarin, Alexander A1 - Sapego, Eugeny A1 - Kretser, Yriy T1 - Glass-ceramic ferroelectric composite material BaTiO3/KFeSi for microwave applications JF - Composite Structures N2 - Glass-ceramic composites consisting of potassium-iron-silicate glass and barium titanate mixed in various proportions were successfully synthesized by low-temperature sintering. The crystal structure of the obtained composite samples, the porosity and the microhardness were studied by the X-ray diffraction, the electron microscopy, the weight method, and the Vickers method. Electrical characteristics (dielectric permittivity, tunability and losses) of as-prepared and annealed in oxygen medium samples were investigated at microwaves. According to structural analysis, the synthesized samples are a mixture of KFeSi glass, ferroelectric BaTiO3, and dielectric barium polytitanates; the ratio of the latter determines the electrical properties of the composites. Depending on the content of barium titanate, the studied composite samples show a permittivity from 50 to 270 with a dielectric loss level of 0,1–0,02 in frequency range from 3 to 10 GHz. Annealing of composite samples in an oxygen-containing environment leads to an increase in their dielectric permittivity and tunability by 10–25% and a twofold decrease in dielectric loss. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0263822321014161 SN - 0263-8223 VL - 281 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kombe, Emmanuel Yeri A1 - Lang'at, Nickson A1 - Njogu, Paul A1 - Malessa, Reiner A1 - Weber, Christian-Toralf A1 - Njoka, Francis A1 - Krause, Ulrich T1 - Process modeling and evaluation of optimal operating conditions for production of hydrogen-rich syngas from air gasification of rice husks using aspen plus and response surface methodology JF - Bioresource Technology N2 - Biomass gasification is recognized as a viable avenue to accelerate the sustainable production of hydrogen. In this work, a numerical simulation model of air gasification of rice husks is developed using the Aspen Plus to investigate the feasibility of producing hydrogen-rich syngas. The model is experimentally validated with rice husk gasification results and other published studies. The influence of temperature and equivalence ratio on the syngas composition, H2 yield, LHVSyngas, H2/CO ratio, CGE, and PCG was studied. Furthermore, the synchronized effects of temperature and ER are studied using RSM to determine the operational point of maximizing H2 yield and PCG. The RSM analysis results show optimum performance at temperatures between 820 °C and 1090 °C and ER in the range of 0.06–0.10. The findings show that optimal operating conditions of the gasification system can be achieved at a more refined precision through simulations coupled with advanced optimization techniques. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096085242201063X SN - 0960-8524 VL - 361 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ruzankina, Iuliia A1 - Mukhin, Nikolay A1 - Mermoul, Ali A1 - Parfenov, Vadim A1 - Fron, Eduard A1 - Ferrini, Gabriele T1 - Surface optical sensitivity enhanced by a single dielectric microsphere JF - Optics Express N2 - Single dielectric microspheres can manipulate light focusing and collection to enhance optical interaction with surfaces. To demonstrate this principle, we experimentally investigate the enhancement of the Raman signal collected by a single dielectric microsphere, with a radius much larger than the exciting laser spot size, residing on the sample surface. The absolute microsphere-assisted Raman signal from a single graphene layer measured in air is more than a factor of two higher than that obtained with a high numerical aperture objective. Results from Mie’s theory are used to benchmark numerical simulations and an analytical model to describe the isolated microsphere focusing properties. The analytical model and the numerical simulations justify the Raman signal enhancement measured in the microsphere-assisted Raman spectroscopy experiments. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.472720 VL - 30 IS - 24 SP - 43021 EP - 43036 PB - Optica ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hasche, Eberhard A1 - Karaschewski, Oliver A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner ED - Society for Imaging Science and Technology, T1 - RAW images and videos for 30K panoramic projection using the ACES workflow JF - Electronic Imaging Y1 - 2022 UR - https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/34/3/MOBMU-400 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2022.34.3.MOBMU-400 SN - 2470-1173 IS - 34 SP - 400-1 EP - 400-13 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner A1 - Hagen, Dirk A1 - Hasche, Eberhard ED - Agaian, Sos ED - Jassim, Sabah ED - DelMarco, Stephen ED - Asari, Vijayan K. T1 - Potentials and challenges for mega events: mobile devices usability for virtual reality, augmented reality, and visual effects T2 - Konferenz: Multimodal Image Exploitation and Learning 2022, Orlando, United States, 2022/ Koferenzband: Multimodal Image Exploitation and Learning 2022 Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/PC12100/2618822/Potentials-and-challenges-for-mega-events--mobile-devices-usability/10.1117/12.2618822.full SN - 978-1-5106-5617-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618822 PB - SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics CY - Orlando, United States ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner A1 - Hagen, Dirk A1 - Hasche, Eberhard T1 - Application scenarios and usability for modern 360 degree video projection rooms in the MICE industry JF - Electronic Imaging N2 - 360-degree image and movie content has gained popularity over the media and the MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conventions, and Exhibitions) industry in the last few years. There are three main reasons for this development. First, on the one hand, it is the immersive character of this media form, and, on the other hand, the development of recording and presentation technology has made significant progress in terms of resolution and quality. Third, after a decade of dynamic rising, the MICE Industry focuses on a disruptive change for more digital-based solutions. 360-degree panoramas are particularly widespread in VR and AR technology. However, despite the high immersive potential, these forms of presentation have the disadvantage that the users are isolated and have no social contact during the performance. Therefore, efforts have been made to project 360-degree content in specially equipped rooms or planetariums to enable a shared experience for the audience. One application area for 360-degree panoramas and films is conference rooms in hotels, conference centers, and any other venues that create an immersive environment for their clients to stimulate creativity. This work aims to overview the various application scenarios and usability possibilities for such conference rooms. In particular, we consider applications in construction, control, tourism, medicine, art exhibition, architecture, music performance, education, partying, organizing and carrying out events, and video conferencing. These applications and use scenarios were successfully tested, implemented, and evaluated in the 360-degree conference room “Dortmund” in the Hotel Park Soltau in Soltau, Germany. Finally, the advantages, challenges, and limitations of the proposed method are described. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/34/3/MOBMU-401 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2022.34.3.MOBMU-401 SN - 2470-1173 N1 - Band:34 IS - 3 SP - 401 - 1 EP - 401 - 9 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wrobel, Martin A1 - Hölzner, Heike M. A1 - Nicolai, Alexander T. T1 - The power of images: Metaphors that drive start-up collaborations T2 - G-Forum Tagungsband 2022 Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.fgf-ev.de/g-forum-2022-in-dresden/ SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - G-Forum 2022 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Seyerlein-Klug, Annegrit A1 - Deussen, Peter ED - Wahlster, Wolfgang ED - Winterhalter, Christoph T1 - 4.1.: Grundlagen T2 - Deutsche Normungsroadmap Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2022 SP - 57 EP - 102 PB - DKE - Deutsche Kommission Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik in DIN und VDE CY - Berlin/Offenbach am Main ET - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grunwald, Guido A1 - Schwill, Jürgen A1 - Sassenberg, Anne-Marie T1 - How to Choose the Fitting Partner in Sustainability Sponsorship? A Decision Model Integrating Multiple Fit Dimensions T2 - Konferenz: 2021 AMS Virtual Annual Conference and World Marketing Congress, 2022/ Band: Celebrating the Past and Future of Marketing and Discovery with Social Impact 2021 AMS Virtual Annual Conference and World Marketing Congress Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-030-95345-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95346-1_157 SP - 465 EP - 477 PB - Springer Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner A1 - Hagen, Dirk A1 - Hasche, Eberhard ED - Agaian, Sos ED - Jassim, Sabah ED - DelMarco, Stephen ED - Asari, Vijayan K. T1 - Application scenarios and usability for modern 360 degree video projection rooms in modern meeting, incentive, conventions, and exhibitions (MICE) industry T2 - Konferenz: SPIE Defence and Commercial Sensing Industry, Orlando, United States, 2022/ Band: PROCEEDINGS VOLUME PC12100 SPIE DEFENSE + COMMERCIAL SENSING | 3 APRIL - 13 JUNE 2022 Multimodal Image Exploitation and Learning 2022 Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/PC12100/2618848/Application-scenarios-and-usability-for-modern-360-degree-video-projection/10.1117/12.2618848.full SN - 978-1-5106-5617-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618848 PB - SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics CY - Orlando, United States ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blasek, Katrin T1 - Auskunfteiwesen und Kreditscoring in unruhigem Fahrwasser JF - Zeitschrift für Datenschutz Y1 - 2022 UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Dokument?vpath=bibdata%2Fzeits%2Fzd%2F2022%2Fcont%2Fzd.2022.433.1.htm&pos=1&hlwords=on SN - 2192-5593 IS - 8 SP - 433 EP - 438 PB - C.H.Beck ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Grunwald, Guido A1 - Schwill, Jürgen T1 - Nachhaltigkeitsmarketing BT - Grundlagen - Gestaltungsoptionen - Umsetzung KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Marketingmanagement Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-7910-4927-4 (eBook) SN - 978-3-7910-4925-0 PB - Schäffer-Poeschel CY - Stuttgart ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollmer, Michael T1 - The evolution of IR imaging: What’s next? JF - Laser Focus World Magazine N2 - The vast majority of all human sensory inputs occur through our eyes. Light from direct sources or scattered light from objects enters our eyes and is focused onto the retina. The resulting signals are interpreted by the brain, which leads to the perception of the image of the observed objects. Although quite efficient for our daily life, many technological applications require sensor properties beyond the characteristics of our eyes. A major limitation regarding microscopic objects is spatial resolution, which is overcome by microscopes. Time resolution can be dealt with using either time-lapse or high-speed cameras. Finally, eyes only detect visible radiation within the wavelength range from about 380 nm to 780 nm. Changing the detected spectral range of electromagnetic radiation can dramatically enhance our vision. Shorter wavelengths such as x-rays are valuable tools for medical imaging, while ultraviolet (UV) imaging is used for forensics. Longer-wavelength thermal radiation used for imaging is often defined within spectral ranges, characterized by the photoelectric detector materials used and the respective atmospheric windows. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.laserfocusworld.com/detectors-imaging/article/14233175/the-evolution-of-ir-imaging-whats-next SP - 23 EP - 26 PB - endeavor business media ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vollmer, Michael ED - Haglund, Jesper ED - Jeppsson, Fredrik ED - Schönborn, Konrad J. T1 - Fundamentals of Thermal Imaging T2 - Thermal Cameras in Science Education N2 - The quantitative explanation of thermal radiation in 1900 by Max Planck started a development, which today has resulted in modern infrared technologies with thermal imaging cameras. The present work briefly describes the fundamentals of infrared imaging, based on the fact, that every object at a temperature T > 0 K emits thermal radiation. Its amount is only governed by temperature and the material quantity emissivity. Factors that define types and properties of commercial IR cameras, such as temperature range in nature and industry, the atmospheric windows for IR radiation as well as available optics and detectors are discussed. A short summary of typical specifications of IR cameras and interpretation of recorded images is given. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85288-7_2 SP - 7 EP - 25 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vollmer, Michael ED - Haglund, Jesper ED - Jeppsson, Fredrik ED - Schönborn, Konrad J. T1 - Infrared Cameras as Smartphone Accessory: Qualitative Visualization or Quantitative Measurement? T2 - Thermal Cameras in Science Education N2 - Recently, infrared cameras have become available as smartphone accessories. Being less expensive than regular infrared cameras they are readily affordable and widespread use in the future is expected. Available commercial models are compared and examples for meaningful use and interpretation of respective qualitative images is given. The respective arguments also directly apply to other commonly used low-grade IR cameras with similar pixel resolution and frame rates. It is assumed that users know about the typical problems due to, e.g., thermal reflections. Rather than discussing those, focus is on the danger of wrong interpretations, in particular with regard to the low frame rate, the often implemented image processing within the cameras, the imposed restrictions on necessary input parameters, and the extremely limited spatial resolution and respective errors in potential quantitative analyses. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85288-7_9 SP - 129 EP - 145 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vollmer, Michael ED - Gómez-López, Vicente M. ED - Bhat, Rajeev T1 - Physics of the Electromagnetic Spectrum T2 - Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science N2 - Electromagnetic (EM) waves, spanning about 15 orders of magnitude of wavelength (or frequency or energy) from radio waves via microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and X-rays to the highly energetic γ-rays, are utilized in food processing. In order to explain all uses of these waves in the food industry, the chapter begins with a general discussion of properties of waves and their description with wavelength frequency, speed of propagation, and also energy transport. Using visible light as starting point, electromagnetic waves in other wavelength regimes are discussed. The interaction of EM radiation with matter reveals that the wave description alone is insufficient to explain all observed phenomena. Understanding the attenuation of EM radiation in matter requires knowledge of the particle properties of electromagnetic waves, most easily summarized by the concept of photons which carry energy as well as momentum. This wave–particle duality does apply not only to EM waves, i.e. photons, but also to the particles which build up matter, in particular electrons, which also need to be described as waves. This leads to respective quantum mechanical explanations of the microscopic structure of matter in the form of atoms, molecules, and nuclei. Knowledge of their structure is a prerequisite to understand, first, the generation of EM radiation and, second, also its interaction with matter. As a result, it will become obvious that there are mostly three different usages of EM radiation in the food industry: preserving, characterizing, and heating. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119759522.ch1 SP - 1 EP - 32 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester, UK ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Andreas, Johannsen A1 - Daniel, Kant ED - Weber, Kristin ED - Reinheimer, Stefan T1 - IT-Governance-, Risiko- und Compliance-Management (IT-GRC) – Ein kompetenzorientierter Ansatz für KMU T2 - Faktor Mensch N2 - Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen aller Branchen versuchen sich nach wie vor angemessen mit den Herausforderungen der Globalisierung und der digitalen Transformation auseinanderzusetzen. Sie bilden in diesem Zusammenhang wachsende Kompetenz in der Produktionsautomatisierung (Industrie 4.0) und in digitalen Geschäfts- und Verwaltungsprozessen aus. In Bezug auf IT-GRC bleiben KMU demgegenüber faktisch oft noch unreif. Bestehende Ansätze des IT-Governance-, Risiko- und Compliance-Managements sind noch zu wenig für KMU ausgestaltet. Das Kapitel stellt vor diesem Hintergrund einen zunächst aus der Literatur abgeleiteten, und dann zusammen mit Feedback von 14 IT-GRC Experten aufgestellten, kompetenzorientierten Ansatz zur Wahrnehmung und Messung des IT-Governance-, Risiko- und Compliance-Managements in KMU vor. Der Ansatz enthält sechs relevante Kompetenzkategorien. Das Kapitel stellt dann zwei abgeleitete, webbasierte Tools zur Messung und Erfassung der Handlungsbedarfe und zur Unterstützung von Management-Maßnahmen vor. Der Ansatz sowie die prototypisch realisierten Tools unterstützen das IT-GRC-Management von KMU gemäß ihrem Reifegrad und bedarfsorientiert. Bei der Unterstützung wird der Fokus darauf gelegt, KMU bei der Umsetzung der ständig wachsenden IT-GRC-Anforderungen schlanke und konkrete Methoden, Werkzeuge und Hilfsmittel an die Hand zu geben und die verschiedenen Stakeholder einzubinden. KW - Klein- und Mittelbetrieb KW - Governance KW - Computersicherheit Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34524-2_15 SP - 275 EP - 294 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Jing A1 - Harth, Kirsten A1 - Puzyrev, Dmitry A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - The effect of obstacles near a silo outlet on the discharge of soft spheres JF - New Journal of Physics KW - fluid dynamics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac8bea VL - 24 PB - IOP ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Missaoui, Amine A1 - Harth, Kirsten A1 - Trittel, Torsten A1 - Klopp, Christoph A1 - Stannarius, Ralf A1 - Lacaze, Emanuelle T1 - Shape instabilities of islands in smectic films under lateral compression JF - Soft Matter Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SM00144F SN - 1744-6848 VL - 16 SP - 3193 EP - 3205 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry ER -