TY - BOOK A1 - Brasche, Ulrich T1 - Auf dem Weg zu mehr Klimagerechtigkeit Im Bündnis mit dem Globalen Süden Widerstände überwinden N2 - Die Menschen sind im Anthropozän auf einer gefährlichen Reise. Das Ziel steht noch nicht fest. Die Ankunft in einem guten Leben für alle innerhalb planetarer Grenzen ist immer noch möglich. Aber zurzeit führt die Reise eher zu einer Überhitzung der Erde. Gesundheit und Leben wären dann für viele Lebewesen – auch für den Menschen – massiv gefährdet. Das Buch behandelt die Fragen: • Wie sind wir in diese Lage geraten? • In welcher Richtung können Auswege liegen? • Welche Hindernisse sind zu überwinden? Es werden Strategien abgewogen und einige überraschende Bündnispartner identifiziert. Geschickt gestaltete Märkte können helfen, die Erderwärmung aufzuhalten. Nur in einer gleicheren und gerechteren Welt könnten alle Menschen gut, aber bescheidener leben. Die Alternative dazu wäre eine übererhitzte, gefährliche Welt. Eine gute Entwicklung ist noch möglich. Sie erfordert eine globale Transformation von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Die wohlhabenden Staaten sind gut beraten, die Interessen des „Globalen Südens“ und der künftigen Generationen zu respektieren – auch durch den klugen Einsatz erheblicher Finanzmittel und eine Kooperation auf Augenhöhe. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-98726-045-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/9783987262746 PB - oekom-Verlag CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Revina, Aleksandra A1 - Kalabina, Elena A1 - Belyak, Olga T1 - Employee Engagement and Soft Skills in the Digitalization of the Economy. Preliminary Study Results T2 - Kumar, V., Kyriakopoulos, G.L., Akberdina, V., Kuzmin, E. (eds) Digital Transformation in Industry . DTI 2022. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 61. Springer, Cham N2 - The fast-paced digitalization and automation make hard skills acquired by employees in their academic study programs outdated and irrelevant very fast. Hence, researchers and practitioners have recently demonstrated a growing interest in studying soft skills in various settings, including leadership, education, and training. Additionally, in times of digital transformation, businesses are promoting employee engagement evermore, particularly in the present context of crises and instability. The research intends to investigate this issue from the viewpoint of employee soft skills. We specifically look into the link between employees’ soft skills and workplace engagement. While doing our research in two different countries, we distinguish between commercial and non-commercial organizations as well as add an international perspective. Based on an acknowledged European skills framework, we focus our study on such soft skills as teamwork, communication, and conflict management and use recognized surveys to quantify them. We use a well-known Gallup methodology to evaluate employee engagement. Using correlation analysis, we investigate the impact of the three selected skills on employee engagement while considering the organization type and country, factors that may play an important role in the digital transformation of businesses and companies. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30351-7_34 SP - 467 EP - 479 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mansoor, Nazneen A1 - Schwarz, Klaus A1 - Creutzburg, Rainer T1 - Importance of OSINT/SOCMINT for modern disaster management evaluation - Australia, Haiti, Japan JF - Electronic Imaging N2 - Open-source technologies (OSINT) and Social Media Intelligence (SOCMINT) are becoming increasingly popular with investigative and government agencies, intelligence services, media companies, and corporations. These OSINT and SOCMINT technologies use sophisticated techniques and special tools to efficiently analyze the continually growing sources of information. There is a great need for training and further education in the OSINT field worldwide. This report describes the importance of open source or social media intelligence for evaluating disaster management. It also gives an overview of the government work in Australia, Haiti, and Japan for disaster management using various OSINT tools and platforms. Thus, decision support for using OSINT and SOCMINT tools is given, and the necessary training needs for investigators can be better estimated. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-354 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 354-1 EP - 354-14 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T) ER - TY - JOUR ED - Wilms, Andreas T1 - Jahrbuch 2022/2023 der Absolventinnen und Absolventen T3 - Jahrbuch ... der Absolventinnen und Absolventen / Technische Hochschule Brandenburg - 2022/2023 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32514 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vishnevskaya, Valeria A1 - Schwarz, Klaus A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner T1 - Practical OSINT investigation - Similarity calculation using Reddit user profile data JF - Electronic Imaging N2 - This paper presents a practical Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) use case for user similarity measurements with the use of open profile data from the Reddit social network. This PoC work combines the open data from Reddit and the part of the state-of-the-art BERT model. Using the PRAW Python library, the project fetches comments and posts of users. Then these texts are converted into a feature vector - representation of all user posts and comments. The main idea here is to create a comparable user's pair similarity score based on their comments and posts. For example, if we fix one user and calculate scores of all mutual pairs with other users, we will produce a total order on the set of all mutual pairs with that user. This total order can be described as a degree of written similarity with this chosen user. A set of "similar" users for one particular user can be used to recommend to the user interesting for him people. The similarity score also has a "transitive property": if $user_1$ is "similar" to $user_2$ and $user_2$ is similar to $user_3$ then inner properties of our model guarantees that $user_1$ and $user_3$ are pretty "similar" too. In this way, this score can be used to cluster a set of users into sets of "similar" users. It could be used in some recommendation algorithms or tune already existing algorithms to consider a cluster's peculiarities. Also, we can extend our model and calculate feature vectors for subreddits. In that way, we can find similar to the user's subreddits and recommend them to him. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-356 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 356-1 EP - 356-10 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skylar, Artem A1 - Schwarz, Klaus A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner T1 - Practical OSINT investigation in Twitter utilizing AI-based aggressiveness analysis JF - Electronic Imaging N2 - Open-source intelligence is gaining popularity due to the rapid development of social networks. There is more and more information in the public domain. One of the most popular social networks is Twitter. It was chosen to analyze the dependence of changes in the number of likes, reposts, quotes and retweets on the aggressiveness of the post text for a separate profile, as this information can be important not only for the owner of the channel in the social network, but also for other studies that in some way influence user accounts and their behavior in the social network. Furthermore, this work includes a detailed analysis and evaluation of the Tweety library capabilities and situations in which it can be effectively applied. Lastly, this work includes the creation and description of a compiled neural network whose purpose is to predict changes in the number of likes, reposts, quotes, and retweets from the aggressiveness of the post text for a separate profile. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-355 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 355-1 EP - 355-15 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Narasimhan, Pranesh Kumar A1 - Bhosale, Chinmay A1 - Pervez, Muhammad Hasban A1 - Naqvi, Najiba Zainab A1 - Ecevit, Mert Ilhan A1 - Schwarz, Klaus A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner T1 - Open-source Intelligence (OSINT) investigation in Facebook JF - Electronic Imaging N2 - Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) has come a long way, and it is still developing ideas, and lots of investigations are yet to happen in the near future. The main essential requirement for all the OSINT investigations is the information that is valuable data from a good source. This paper discusses various tools and methodologies related to Facebook data collection and analyzes part of the collected data. At the end of the paper, the reader will get a deep and clear insight into the available techniques, tools, and descriptions about tools that are present to scrape the data out of the Facebook platform and the types of investigations and analyses that the gathered data can do. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-357 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 357-1 EP - 357-12 PB - Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tetzlaff, Laura A1 - Purohit, Anne-Maria A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Holmberg, Christine A1 - Schrader, Thomas T1 - Evaluating Interoperability in German Critical Incident Reporting Systems T2 - German Medical Data Sciences 2023 – Science. Close to People. Proceedings of the 68th Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (gmds) 2023, Heilbronn, Germany N2 - In industrialised countries, one in ten patients suffers harm during hospitalization. Critical Incident Reporting Systems (CIRS) aim to minimize this by learning from errors and identifying potential risks. However, a lack of interoperability among the 16 CIRS in Germany hampers their effectiveness. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230722 SP - 249 EP - 257 PB - IOS Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Markgraf, Klaus A1 - Dietrich, Benjamin A1 - Müller, Katja A1 - Flassig, Robert A1 - Flassig, Peter T1 - FINEconcepts - Wissenstransfer und Energiesystemoptimierung mithilfe des digitalen Zwillings T2 - NWK, HS Harz, 2023 N2 - Climate change, but also geopolitical circumstances, are moving topics such as energy efficiency and renewable energies more and more into the focus of the population, economy , and politics. As a result, the will to optimize new and existing energy systems extends from private individuals to companies and even entire communities. This work describes the development and usage of a new software called FINEconcepts which creates a digital twin of an energy system. This virtual model can then be used to optimize the energy system based on annual costs, CO2 emissions or other relevant criteria such as self-sufficiency. Because all system components, which include renewable technologies as well, can be added as a building block with chosen but changeable parameters, the software allows the user to explore and awaken interest and understanding of technologies that were previously considered too costly, irrelevant, or unrealistic. Implemented projects in small and large companies as well as in residential areas did prove, that the usage of FINEconcepts leads not only to more efficient energy systems by increasing the use of renewable energy, but also increased knowledge and understanding in terms of energy. Besides economics, ecology and security, understanding is an equally important factor in achieving a sustainable energy supply. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.hs-harz.de/dokumente/extern/Forschung/NWK2023/Beitraege/FINEconcepts_-_Wissenstransfer_und_Energiesystemoptimierung_mithilfe_des_digitalen_Zwillings.pdf SP - 428 EP - 435 PB - HS Harz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guterding, Daniel T1 - Sparse Modeling Approach to the Arbitrage-Free Interpolation of Plain-Vanilla Option Prices and Implied Volatilities JF - Risks N2 - We present a method for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, which is based on a system of integral equations that relates terminal density and option prices. Using a discretization of the terminal density, we write these integral equations as a system of linear equations. We show that the kernel matrix of this system is, in general, ill-conditioned, so that it cannot be solved for the discretized density using a naive approach. Instead, we construct a sparse model for the kernel matrix using singular value decomposition (SVD), which allows us not only to systematically improve the condition number of the kernel matrix, but also determines the computational effort and accuracy of our method. In order to allow for the treatment of realistic inputs that may contain arbitrage, we reformulate the system of linear equations as an optimization problem, in which the SVD-transformed density minimizes the error between the input prices and the arbitrage-free prices generated by our method. To further stabilize the method in the presence of noisy input prices or arbitrage, we apply an 𝐿1-regularization to the SVD-transformed density. Our approach, which is inspired by recent progress in theoretical physics, offers a flexible and efficient framework for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, without the need to explicitly specify a stochastic process, expansion basis functions or any other kind of model. We demonstrate the capabilities of our method in a number of artificial and realistic test cases. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/11/5/83 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11050083 IS - 11 (5) PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Han-Xiang A1 - Shimizu, Makoto A1 - Guterding, Daniel A1 - Otsuki, Junya A1 - Jeschke, Harald O. T1 - Pressure evolution of electronic structure and magnetism in the layered van der Waals ferromagnet CrGeTe3 JF - Physical Review B N2 - Layered van der Waals ferromagnets, which preserve their magnetic properties down to exfoliated monolayers, are fueling an abundance of fundamental research and nanoscale device demonstration. CrGeTe3 is a prime example of this class of materials. Its temperature-pressure phase diagram features an insulator-to-metal transition and a significant increase in ferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperatures upon entering the metallic state. We use density functional theory to understand the magnetic exchange interactions in CrGeTe3 at ambient and elevated pressures. We calculate Heisenberg exchange couplings, which provide the correct ferromagnetic ground state and explain the experimentally observed pressure dependence of magnetism in CrGeTe3. Furthermore, we combine density functional theory with dynamical mean-field theory to investigate the effects of electronic correlations and the nature of the high-pressure metallic state in CrGeTe3. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.125142 IS - Vol. 108 PB - American Physical Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Atanu A1 - Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar A1 - Mandal, Gopi K. A1 - Goecke, Sven-Frithjof A1 - De, Amitava T1 - Sample calculations to estimate joint distortion based on the published article "Analytical Estimation of Thermomechanical Distortion and Interface Layer Thickness for Gas Metal Arc Lap Joining of Dissimilar Sheets" N2 - A sample set of calculations is presented in this supplemental document to analytically estimate joint distortion for gas metal arc lap joining of aluminum and steel thin sheets following the published article "Analytical Estimation of Thermomechanical Distortion and Interface Layer Thickness for Gas Metal Arc Lap Joining of Dissimilar Sheets" Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Das, Atanu A1 - Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar A1 - Mandal, Gopi K. A1 - Goecke, Sven-Frithjof A1 - De, Amitava T1 - Analytical estimation of thermomechanical distortion and interface layer thickness for gas metal arc lap joining of dissimilar sheets JF - Welding in the World Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-01426-x SN - 432288 IS - 76/2023 SP - 33 EP - 49 PB - Springer Link ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar A1 - Goecke, Sven-Frithjof A1 - De, Amitava T1 - Monitoring melt pool asymmetry in gas metal arc-directed energy deposition JF - Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2168933 SN - 1362-1718 (PRINT) IS - Augabe 5/ Band 28 SP - 424 EP - 432 PB - Taylor and Fracis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuznetsov, Arthur A1 - Frorip, Aleksandr A1 - Sünter, Alar A1 - Kasvand, Nensi A1 - Korsakov, Vadim A1 - Konoplev, Georgii A1 - Stepanova, Oksana A1 - Rusalepp, Linda A1 - Anton, Dea A1 - Püssa, Tõnu A1 - Roasto, Mati A1 - Abramova, Liubov A1 - Kozin, Andrey A1 - Toom, Lauri A1 - Hirsch, Sören A1 - Mukhin, Nikolay ED - mdpi, T1 - Fast Protein and Metabolites (Nucleotides and Nucleosides) Liquid Chromatography Technique and Chemical Sensor for the Assessment of Fish and Meat Freshness JF - Chemosensors N2 - Fast protein and metabolite liquid chromatography (FPLMC) was introduced years ago to enable the easy separation of high-molecular compounds such as proteins from small molecules and the identification of the low-molecular substances. In this paper, the method is applied for the rapid evaluation of freshness and monitoring the aging of animal meat and fish. A novel chromatographic sensor was developed with a deep UV LED-based photometric detection unit (255–265 nm), an original flow cuvette and registration scheme; the processing of a chromatogram with the sensor takes approximately 15 min. Strict isochronism between the elution of ATP metabolites, mainly hypoxanthine (Hx) and inosine monophosphate (IMP), and the time of maturation of meat or fish, was discovered. A new freshness index H* = [Hx]/[IMP] was introduced, which is proportional to the instrumental delay time in the FPMLC chromatograms: the H* index < 0.5 indicates the presence of inosine monophosphate (IMP) and the high quality of the meat or fish. Reasonably strong correlations were revealed between data obtained by FPMLC and total volatile basic nitrogen TVB-N (for fish) or volatile fatty acids VFA (for meat) content. Moreover, putative nucleotide salvage and an increase in the concentration of IMP were observed in fish after heat treatment using the FPMLC sensor and NMR technique. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/1/69 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11010069 SN - 2227-9040 IS - 1/2023 / Band 11 PB - MDPI ER - TY - INPR A1 - Wendzel, Steffen A1 - Caviglione, Luca A1 - Mazurczyk, Wojciech A1 - Mileva, Aleksandra A1 - Dittmann, Jana A1 - Krätzer, Christian A1 - Lamshöft, Kevin A1 - Vielhauer, Claus A1 - Hartmann, Laura A1 - Keller, Jörg A1 - Neubert, Tom A1 - Zillien, Sebastian T1 - A Generic Taxonomy for Steganography Methods N2 - A unified understanding of terms and their applicability is essential for every scientific discipline: steganography is no exception. Being divided into several domains (for instance, text steganography, digital media steganography, and network steganography), it is crucial to provide a unified terminology as well as a taxonomy that is not limited to some specific applications or areas. A prime attempt towards a unified understanding of terms was conducted in 2015 with the introduction of a pattern-based taxonomy for network steganography. Six years later, in 2021, the first work towards a pattern-based taxonomy for steganography was proposed. However, this initial attempt still faced several shortcomings, e.g., the lack of patterns for several steganography domains (the work mainly focused on network steganography and covert channels), various terminology issues, and the need of providing a tutorial on how the taxonomy can be used during engineering and scientific tasks, including the paper-writing process.

As the consortium who published this initial 2021-study on steganography patterns, in this paper we present the first comprehensive pattern-based taxonomy tailored to fit all known domains of steganography, including smaller and emerging areas, such as filesystem steganography and cyber-physical systems steganography. Besides, to make our contribution more effective and promote the use of the taxonomy to advance research on steganography, we also provide a thorough tutorial on its utilization.

Our pattern collection is available at https://patterns.ztt.hs-worms.de.

Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.20215373.v1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Levina, Olga A1 - Mattern, Saskia T1 - Ethical and Legal Analysis of Machine Learning Based Systems: A Scenario Analysis of a Food Recommender System T2 - Recommender Systems: Legal and Ethical Issues N2 - Laws are the reflection of the ethical and moral principles of the society. While the use of technology influences users’ behavior in a pace that is affected by the technology introduction to the market, legal activities can be driven by the society as the results of such interactions. This scenario analysis- based research focuses on a classic but fictional food recommender system and the ethical issues that might occur from its usage. The recommender system is taken here as an example of machine learning-based systems (MLS) that can often be found in the individual, business and administrative applications. The research compares the existing legal solutions, with the focus on the GDPR legislation, and the discovered ethical issues. The ethical analysis is led along the ALTAI principles suggested by the European Commission, the common good approach as well as the general principles constituted in human rights. While the GDPR-based analysis showed that this data- and privacy-based legislation addressed most of the identified ethical issues, questions related to the common good approach in the context of environment and mobility that arise due to the wide spectrum of the MLS usage require further legal discussion. The application of the two approaches shows that conducting the ethical and legal analysis is beneficial for both the designers of such MLS as well as the legal actors. The findings can enhance the design and functions of a user-facing MLS as well as influence or validate legal activities. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-34806-8 SN - 978-3-031-34804-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34804-4_9 SP - 165 EP - 185 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Levina, Olga T1 - Operationalizing Ethics for Information Systems Design - A Tool for Ethical Software T2 - Konferenz: Twenty-ninth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Panama, 2023 N2 - Propagation of information technology in the increasingly diverse domains, raises question concerning moral implications. While the number of ethical principles in the IT design is growing, they do not necessarily apply to specific products, which means developers and e.g. purchasing agent need to contextualize them for each specific IT product. This paper describes an actionable artifact that allows assessment of ethical non-functional requirements of an information system through operationalization of ethical values, Ethical Software Assessment Tool (ESAT). It is based on a survey of values that are currently considered in research and practice as well as in legal initiatives in IT context. The ethical approach and principles operationalized in ESAT are presented and discussed. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2023/sig_phil/sig_phil/5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nagel, Michael A1 - Schminder, Christian A1 - Mieke, Christian ED - Erich Schmidt Verlag, T1 - Sachbezogenes Verhandeln als Methode im Zielbildungsprozess von innovationsorientierten Public Private Partnerships. JF - Ideen- und Innovationsmanagement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37307/j.2198-3151.2022.02.07 SN - 2198-3151 IS - 2 SP - 72 EP - 77 PB - Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Simon A1 - Stein, Stefan A1 - Pilgermann, Michael A1 - Schrader, Thomas T1 - Attack Detection for Medical Cyber- Physical Systems - The Visualization N2 - Attack Detection for Medical Cyber-Physical Systems - The Visualization KW - Detection KW - IDS KW - intrusion prevention KW - medical cyber-physical systems KW - medical CPS Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-29142 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Maurer, Robert A1 - Johannsen, Andreas A1 - Pochanke, Oliver T1 - Analyse der Trends und Alternativen zur Online-Präsenz als Kommunikationskanal von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen durch den Einsatz von Plattformen BT - Ergebnisse einer Studie durch das Institut für Betriebliche Integration und Digitalisierung (IBID) am Fachbereich Wirtschaft der Technischen Hochschule Brandenburg T2 - Schriften des Instituts für Betriebliche Integration und Digitalisierung (IBID) N2 - Die Digitalisierung ist eine der Herausforderungen der heutigen Zeit. Einhergehend mit der Zunahme der Nutzung des Internets in vielen Lebensbereichen steigt auch die Wichtigkeit für Unternehmen, einen repräsentativen Auftritt zu etablieren. Für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen bedeutet das Betreiben und Pflegen einer Onlinepräsenz oftmals einen hohen finanziellen und zeitlichen Aufwand. Ziel des vorliegenden Arbeitspapiers ist es, kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen eine Alternative zu herkömmlichen Content Management Systemen darzulegen und sie bei der Entscheidungsfindung zu unterstützen. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde der methodische Ansatz einer Literatur- und Internetrecherche verwendet. Aus der Analyse konnten drei Online Business Plattformen identifiziert, sowie deren Vor- und Nachteile gegenüber Content Management Systemen dargestellt werden. Anschließend wurden Kriterien definiert und Empfehlungen dargelegt, welche kleine und mittlere Unternehmen im Entscheidungsprozess unterstützen sollen. Letztlich wurden die Einrichtung sowie die wichtigsten Funktionen einer Plattform dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nutzung einer Onlineplattform für lokal begrenze Unternehmen mit geringen Anforderungen an die Funktionalität und hoher Kostensensibilität eine sinnvolle Alternative ist. Abschließend wurde anhand des realen Fallbeispiels „Google My Business“ (seit 2022: „Google Business Profile“) auf die Funktionen sowie Vorteile und Möglichkeiten einer solchen Plattform eingegangen. N2 - Digitalization is one of the big challenges of our time. Along with the increased online life, the importance for companies to establish a representative online presence is growing as well. Especially for small and medium size companies, the operation and maintenance of an online presence means a high effort in terms of time and financial investment. The aim of this study is to provide an alternative to common content management systems for small medium size companies. In addition, they should be supported in the decision making process. To answer the research questions the methodical approach of a literature and internet research was used. From the analysis, three online business platforms were identified and their advantages and disadvantages compared to content management systems were presented. Subsequently, criteria were defined and recommendations were presented, which should support small and medium-sized enterprises in the decision-making process. Finally, the setup as well as the most important functions of a platform were presented. The results show that the use of an online platform is a sensible alternative for locally limited companies with low functionality requirements and high cost sensitivity. Finally, the functions as well as advantages and possibilities of such a platform were discussed on the basis of the real case study "Google My Business" (since 2022: "Google Business Profile") T3 - Schriften des Instituts für Betriebliche Anwendungssysteme - 23/1 KW - Digitalisierung KW - KMU KW - Google Business Profile KW - Online Präsenz KW - Online Plattformen KW - Online-Marketing KW - Geschäftsmodell KW - Plattform KW - Klein- und Mittelbetrieb Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-28853 SN - 2198-090X VL - 11 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stockhausen, Pablo A1 - Johannsen, Andreas A1 - Maurer, Robert T1 - Machine-Learning Verfahren für eine nachhaltige Letzte-Meile-Logistik N2 - Dieser Beitrag entwickelt ein Konzept zur praktischen Umsetzung eines Machine- Learning Verfahrens zum Lösen von Vehicle Routing Problemen im Kontext einer nachhaltigen “Letzte-Meile”-Logistik, welches durch einen Prototyp umgesetzt und getestet wurde. Der Prototyp basiert auf dem “Reinforcement Learning”-System und verwendet als Algorithmus “REINFORCE mit Baseline”. In einer Vergleichsanalyse wurde der Prototyp mit dem bekannten Vertreter Google-OR, anhand von zwei Anwendungsszenarien, verglichen. Der Prototyp überzeugt dabei in der Laufzeit und dem Automatismus. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass eine Verwendung von Lernenden-Systemen für das Vehicle Routing Problem sich bei nur bei einem größeren Stoppvolumen und einer erweiterten IT-Infrastruktur empfiehlt. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johannsen, Andreas T1 - ERP-Einführung - Bewertung einer Standardimplementierungsmethode für SAP Business One JF - ERP Management Y1 - 2023 SN - 1860-6725 SP - 19 EP - 22 PB - GITO Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frosch, Katharina T1 - Scan to Learn: A Lightweight Approach for Informal Mobile Micro-Learning at the Workplace T2 - Konferenz: IARIA The Fifteenth International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, and On-line Learning; Venice (Italy) N2 - Informal learning at the workplace is a crucial ingredient in updating and upskilling today's workforce, but in many jobs, informal learning opportunities are scarce. Bite-sized learning via mobile devices (Mobile Micro-Learning, MML) can be a powerful means to enhance informal work-related learning also in such learning-deprived fields. Based on good practices of recent MML implementations, a lightweight approach is developed. It involves an instructional blueprint and an open-source, low-threshold technology for MML, and meets the specific needs of workers in learning-deprived fields. The main idea is a scan-to-learn system where Quick Response (QR) codes are attached to physical objects in the work environment. Workers can scan the QR codes to learn and are directed to short, interactive learning nuggets. For evaluation, a proof-of-concept is provided. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-1-68558-081-0 SP - 53 EP - 61 PB - IARIA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stannarius, Ralf A1 - Harth, Kirsten T1 - The structure of disintegrating defect clusters in smectic C freely suspended films JF - Soft Matter N2 - Disclinations or disclination clusters in smectic C freely suspended films with topological charges larger than one are unstable. They disintegrate, preferably in a spatially symmetric fashion, into single defects with individual charges of +1, which is the smallest positive topological charge allowed in polar vector fields. While the opposite process of defect annihilation is well-defined by the initial defect positions, disintegration starts from a singular state and the following scenario including the emerging regular defect patterns must be selected by specific mechanisms. We analyze experimental data and compare them with a simple model where the defect clusters adiabatically pass quasi-equilibrium solutions in one-constant approximation. It is found that the defects arrange in geometrical patterns that correspond very closely to superimposed singular defect solutions, without additional director distortions. The patterns expand by affine transformations where all distances between individual defects scale with the same time-dependent scaling factor proportional to the square-root of time. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/sm/d3sm00808h U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sm00808h IS - 19 SP - 6109 EP - 6115 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klopp, Christoph A1 - Trittel, Torsten A1 - Harth, Kirsten A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Coalescence of biphasic droplets embedded in free standing smectic A films JF - Soft Matter N2 - We investigate micrometer-sized flat droplets consisting of an isotropic core surrounded by a nematic rim in freely suspended smectic A liquid-crystal films. In contrast to purely isotropic droplets which are characterized by a sharp edge and no long-range interactions, the nematic fringe introduces a continuous film thickness change resulting in long-range mutual attraction of droplets. The coalescence scenario is divided in two phases. The first one consists in the fusion of the nematic regions. The second phase involves the dissolution of a thin nematic film between the two isotropic cores. The latter has many similarities with the rupture of thin liquid films between droplets coalescing in an immiscible viscous liquid. Coalescence of biphasic droplets in free-standing smectic films is controlled in part by the rupture of a thin nematic membrane separating the isotropic droplet cores. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/sm/d3sm01549a U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sm01549a SN - 1744-683X VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 1036 EP - 1046 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stockhausen, Pablo A1 - Johannsen, Andreas A1 - Maurer, Robert ED - Krupka, Daniel ED - Federrath, Hannes ED - Demmler, Daniel T1 - Konzeption eines Machine-Learnings-Verfahrens zum Lösen von Green Vehicle Routing Problemen T2 - Konferenz: Informatik 2022, Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Bonn, 2022/ Konferenzband: Informatik 2022 Fachtagung vom 26.-30. September 2022, Hamburg/ Band: P-326 Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-88579-720-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/inf2022_75 SP - 885 EP - 897 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Veldyaeva, Ekaterina A1 - Teutenberg, Lukas A1 - Scheeg, Michaela A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - Puzzle away the Puzzledness: Action-Design Study of an Educational Escape Room for Intervention in SMEs’ Perception towards ICT Adoption T2 - Konferenz: 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS); Honolulu, HI, USA N2 - Digital transformation initiatives in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are often hampered by individual practitioners' perceptions of information and communication technology (ICT). This research employs an educational escape room (ER) game for an intervention towards informed decision-making on ICT adoption in SMEs. ER design and implementation are elaborated and consequently tested with SME practitioners, all embedded in an action-design study based on a qualitative research methodology. The result highlights a trade-off between creating immersive game experiences and achieving learning objectives. Still, the outcome implies an impact on players' perception of ICT integrated in the ER. The findings contribute to the emerging field of serious games for learning and shed light on the potential of game-based interventions for SMEs. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/10125/107027 SN - 978-0-9981331-7-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2024.642 SP - 5347 EP - 5356 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - What is Digital about Digital Innovation? An Ontological Discussion of Digitality T2 - Konferenz: 29th Americas Conference on Information Systems N2 - "Digital" is a popular adjective for concepts related to electronic, computerized or networked processes in current research and practice. From an ontological-theoretical perspective, the prevalence of digital things triggers the question, how Digitality itself could be conceptualized. This article studies the ontology of Digitality and consequently discusses Digital Innovation (DI) from a new perspective. First, literature on Digitality is analyzed. Based on the findings, an ontological conceptual framework of Digitality (OCFD) is proposed. It describes four layers of Digitality: physical foundations, virtuality, digital culture and world, and digital metaphysics. From a human perspective, requirements to grasp and embody Digitality are highlighted, as well as the expansion of reality. Finally, Digitality is discussed as a paradigm of DI and exemplary digital phenomena are projected onto the OCFD. This paper contributes to DI research and practice through theory-building towards a better understanding of ontological characteristics and practical implications of Digitality in DI. Y1 - 2023 PB - Panama City, Panama ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Veldyaeva, Ekaterina A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - Developing Digital Competencies in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Through Microlearning Applications: A Research Agenda T2 - Konferenz: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research 22nd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2023, Ascoli Piceno, Italy, September 13–15, 2023, Proceedings N2 - This article presents a research outline on the use of microlearning applications to develop digital competencies in Small and Medium-sized Enter-prises (SMEs). The digital transformation of businesses has become essential for their survival, and SMEs need to develop digital competencies (DC) to remain competitive in the market. Microlearning (ML), a form of learning that involves small, bite-sized learning modules, has been gaining popularity in recent years as a way to efficiently and effectively develop skills. Through a semi-systematic literature review approach, our study examines prevalent knowledge in the area of ML and DC and discusses interrelations. As a result, we propose a research roadmap consisting of six research questions targeting four dimensions of ML for DC development in SMEs: 1) context, 2) formats, 3) reward system, and 4) complexity level. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43126-5_7 SP - 41 EP - 58 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - Small Businesses Participating in Digital Platform Ecosystems - A Descriptive Literature Review T2 - Digital Transformation. PLAIS EuroSymposium 2023. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing N2 - The emergence of digital multi-sided platforms has disrupted day-to-day business in many industries. Nowadays, many small businesses participate in digital platform (DP) ecosystems and act as value creators or complementors. Investigating the small business perspective does not have a rich tradition in platform research yet. In response, this paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) analyzing the thematic points of focus and highlighting new avenues for information systems and small business research. We find that objectives related to digital transformation, digital strategy- and business model-development, and DP adoption are fundamental topics in the conjunction of small business and DP ecosystems. Based on the findings, an agenda for future research is developed, including propositions for practice-oriented and human-centered approaches fostering sustilience, innovation capabilities and digital leadership competencies in small businesses facing DP ecosystem participation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43590-4_3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Simon B. A1 - Stein, Stefan A1 - Pilgermann, Michael A1 - Schrader, Thomas T1 - Attack Detection for Medical Cyber-Physical Systems – A Systematic Literature Review JF - IEEE Access N2 - The threat situation due to cyber attacks in hospitals is emerging and patient life is at risk. One significant source of potential vulnerabilities is medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS). Detecting intrusions in this environment faces challenges different from other domains, mainly due to the heterogeneity of devices, the diversity of connectivity types, and the variety of terminology. To summarize existing results, we conducted a structured literature review (SLR) following the guidelines of Kitchenham et al. for SLRs in software engineering. We developed six research questions regarding detection approach, detection location, included features, adversarial focus, utilized datasets, and intrusion prevention. We identified that most researchers focused on an anomaly-based detection approach at the network layer. The primary focus was on the detection of malicious insiders. While several researchers used publicly available datasets for training and testing their algorithms, the lack of suitable datasets resulted in the development of testbeds consisting of various medical devices. Based on the results, we formulated five future research topics. First, the special conditions of hospital networks, the MCPS deployed within them, and the contrasts to other IT and OT environments should be examined. Thereupon, MCPS-specific datasets should be created that allow researchers to address the health domain’s unique requirements and possibilities. At the same time, endeavors aimed at standardization in this area should be supported and expanded. Moreover, the use of medical context for attack detection should be further explored. Last but not least, efforts for MCPS-tailored intrusion prevention should be intensified. This way, the emerging threat landscape can be addressed, IT security in hospitals can be improved, and patient health can be protected. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3270225 IS - 11 SP - 41796 EP - 41815 PB - IEEE ER - TY - INPR A1 - Nitze, André T1 - Future-proofing Education: A Prototype for Simulating Oral Examinations Using Large Language Models N2 - This study explores the impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) in higher education, focusing on an automated oral examination simulation using a prototype. The design considerations of the prototype are described, and the system is evaluated with a select group of educators and students. Technical and pedagogical observations are discussed. The prototype proved to be effective in simulating oral exams, providing personalized feedback, and streamlining educators' workloads. The promising results of the prototype show the potential for LLMs in democratizing education, inclusion of diverse student populations, and improvement of teaching quality and efficiency. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.06160 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - arXiv ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lepper, Markus A1 - Oehler, Michael A1 - Kinzler, Hartmuth A1 - Trancón y Widemann, Baltasar T1 - Mathematische Remodellierung zur Erforschung der exakten Semantik einfacher konventioneller Notationssysteme T2 - Notation. Schnittstelle zwischen Komposition, Interpretation und Analyse. 19. Jahreskongress der Gesellschaft für Musiktheorie Zürich 2019 (GMTH Proceedings 2019) N2 - Das Projekt semPart – Semantik der Partitur versucht, durch Übertragung von Methoden der Informatik auf die musikalische Notation exakte Aussagen über deren Semantik zu erzielen. Dies geschieht durch Remodellierung, also durch das Erstellen kleiner mathematischer Modelle, die jeweils das historisch-kulturell bestimmte Dekodieren von isolierten Parameter-Schichten eines Notates nachbilden. Erstes wichtiges Ergebnis ist, dass es in keinem Bereich jemals eine einzige ›richtige‹ Definition von Syntax und Semantik geben kann, sondern einen Katalog von vielfältigen theoretisch möglichen und in der Praxis auch angetroffenen Varianten. Diese sind durch ihre Remodellierung exakt identifizier- und benennbar; ihre Gesamtheit bildet ein Raster, durch das Notationsstile und -werkzeuge beschreib- und vergleichbar werden. Dieses Raster und die Remodelle sind besonders politisch wichtig, zur Förderung einer öffentlichen Diskussion von Notationssystemen und ihren Eigenschaften, da zunehmend die Arbeitsweise von digitalen Werkzeugen die notationelle Praxis zu überformen und zu filtrieren droht. The project semPart – Semantics of the Musical Score tries to clarify the semantics of musical notation by applying methods from informatics. This is done by remodelling, i. e., constructing small mathematical models that mimic the mentally and culturally determined processes taking place when decoding isolated parameters in musical notation. The first important result is that there can never be one single ‘correct’ definition of semantics in any area but rather a catalogue of many theoretically possible variants encountered in practice. Through their remodelling, these can be precisely identified and named; their totality constitutes a classification grid applicable to styles, corpora, single scores and digital tools such as editors or encoding standards. This grid and the remodels are of particular political importance in promoting a public discussion on notation systems and their characteristics, given that the increasing use of digital processing systems threatens to over-shape and narrow down notational practice. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.gmth.de/proceedings/artikel/257.aspx U6 - https://doi.org/10.31751/p.257 SP - 69 EP - 85 PB - Gesellschaft für Musiktheorie (GMTH) e.V. ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Haase, Claudia A1 - Mertzen, Daniela A1 - Musolff, Myriam A1 - Panitz, Michael A1 - Schiller, Carina A1 - Schreiber, Stefanie A1 - Spiecker, Claus A1 - Wolff, Ian T1 - IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.2.2 Auswertung Bedarfserhebung mit daraus folgenden Aktivitäten N2 - Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) gewinnt an den Hochschulen in Brandenburg eine immer größere Bedeutung. Für den Aufbau und die Institutionalisierung eines nachhaltigen FDM an den brandenburgischen Hochschulen ist eine möglichst genaue Ermittlung des aktuellen Kenntnisstandes der Forschenden und deren Bedarfe bezüglich des Umgangs mit Forschungsdaten erforderlich. Hierzu diente die Bedarfserhebung, die im Rahmen des vom BMBF und dem MWFK geförderten Projekts IN-FDM-BB durchgeführt wurde. Beteiligt an der brandenburgweiten Umfrage waren alle acht staatlichen forschenden Hochschulen: vier Universitäten (die Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus – Senftenberg (BTU), die Filmuniversität Babelsberg KONRAD WOLF (FB), die Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) (EUV) und die Universität Potsdam (UP)) und vier Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften (die Fachhochschule Potsdam (FHP), die Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), die Technische Hochschule Brandenburg (THB) und die Technische Hochschule Wildau (THW)). Die Hochschulen unterscheiden sich erheblich in ihrer Größe und fachlichen Ausrichtung. So hat die UP deutlich über 20.000 Studierende und über 1.900 Professor*innen und akademische Mitarbeiter*innen, die FB hingegen, weniger als 1.000 Studierende und ca. 140 Professor*innen und akademische Mitarbeiter*innen. Landesweit sind fast alle Fachdisziplinen vertreten, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten je Hochschule. Das Ziel der Bedarfserhebung war, den Kenntnisstand bezüglich des professionellen Umgangs mit Forschungsdaten der Forschenden an den einzelnen Hochschulen zu ermitteln, FDM-Bedarfe zu erkennen und daraus mögliche FDM-Aktivitäten für die jeweilige Hochschule abzuleiten. Die Bedarfserhebung richtete sich daher in erster Linie an die Forschenden der jeweiligen Hochschule. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10408198 PB - Zenodo ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Richter, Nancy A1 - Wrobel, Martin T1 - The Impact of prototyping on the survival chances of digital early-stage startups: Findings and insights from explorative expert interviews T2 - Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE 2023 N2 - The products of digital entrepreneurs are highly innovative, and their business models contribute to the prosperity and further development of the economy and society. However, studies indicate that most of all startups fail, particularly during the early stages of their business journey Prototyping as part of Lean Startup or Business Model Testing approaches, can assist digital early-stage startups in navigating uncertainty and achieving successful product launches. However, these methods are applied very individually and there is little empirical research on best practices. We therefore conducted 65 explorative expert interviews and asked successful startups about their prototyping practices. Our results include learnings on the prototyping process and the testing format, the role of the founding team during prototyping practices, the customer focus and the role of networks. Our study adds important details to theory and practice of the innovation and prototyping processes of digital early-stage startups. Our results offer actionable advice and guidance to any current and potential entrepreneur, but especially to first-time founders and less experienced executives in early stage-startups. Additionally, our contribution enhances the theoretical understanding of the Lean Startup approach and prototyping practices. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34190/ecie.18.2.1714 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 772 EP - 779 PB - Academic Conferences International Limited ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schepper, Hannah A1 - Bektas, Levent T1 - Immersive Experience for Sustainable Tourism - The Potential of a Community-Based 3D Scanning Database App on the Example of South East Asia T2 - 2023 International Electronics Symposium (IES), Denpasar, Indonesia, 2023 N2 - Sustainable tourism focuses on minimizing the negative impact of tourism on the environment and cultural heritage sites, allowing future generations to enjoy tourism. Immersive experiences can support sustainable tourism further by allowing people to visit tourist places without physically being there. This helps to reduce negative impacts such as overcrowding, pollution, and damage to natural and cultural resources. An app that encourages people to create 3D scans of places they visit has the potential to contribute to virtual tourism. With modern technology, a wider range of people can contribute to a community-based 3D scan collection by sharing their photos and scans. This app can help to gain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of various locations around the world and create a variety of virtual tours. This paper specifically focuses on Southeast Asia and provides guidelines for creating content and material for the app. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IES59143.2023.10242549 SP - 624 EP - 630 PB - IEEE ER - TY - RPRT A1 - von Fransecky, Tanja A1 - Haase, Claudia A1 - Heinrich, Marcus A1 - Jacob, Boris A1 - Musolff, Myriam A1 - Panitz, Michael A1 - Spiecker, Claus A1 - Wolff, Ian T1 - IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.1.1 Konzepte für Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite N2 - Forschungsdatenmanagement gewinnt immer größere Bedeutung in der Forschung. Daher arbeiten im Projekt IN-FDM-BB acht Hochschulen an der Institutionalisierung und nachhaltigen Verstetigung von Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) in Brandenburg. Im Rahmen des lokalen Kompetenzaufbaus und der Institutionalisierung von FDM im Projekt geht es im Arbeitspaket AP 1 u. a. um „Entwicklung von hochschulspezifischen Informationsmaterialien (z. B. Flyer, FDM-Leitfäden, FAQs)“ und „Aufbau und/oder Aktualisierung einer lokalen FDM-Webseite“. Der Werkstattbericht Konzept für Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite (W 1.1.1) ist der erste Bericht, den alle acht am Projekt IN-FDM-BB beteiligen Hochschulen vorlegen und der konkret die lokale Institutionalisierung von FDM an den Einrichtungen behandelt. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8069814 PB - Zenodo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braubach, Lars A1 - Jander, Kai T1 - 1. Introduction JF - International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2023.2251386 SN - 1744-5779 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 459 EP - 460 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vega, Catherine Perez A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - James A., Campbell A1 - Zielinska-Dabkowska, Karolina M. A1 - Hoelker, Franz T1 - Light pollution from illuminated bridges as a potential barrier for migrating fish-Linking measurements with a proposal for a conceptual model JF - Basic and Applied Ecology N2 - Illuminated bridges have become important assets to navigable aquatic systems. However, if artificial light at night (ALAN) from illuminated bridges reaches aquatic habitats, such as rivers, it can threaten the river's natural heterogeneity and alter the behavioural responses of migratory fish. Here, via a pilot study, we quantified levels of ALAN at illuminated bridges that cross a river and, propose a conceptual model to estimate its potential implications on two migrating fish species with contrasting life histories. Night-time light measurements on the river Spree in Berlin were performed continuously along a transect and in detail at seven illuminated bridges. Photometric data of the pilot study showed rapidly increased and decreased light levels at several illuminated bridges from which we derived several model illumination scenarios. These illumination scenarios and their potential effect on migrating Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar) and European silver eel (Anguilla anguilla) are presented as a conceptual model, considering illuminated bridges as behavioural barriers to fish migration. ALAN's adverse effects on freshwater habitats must be better researched, understood, managed, and properly communicated to develop future sustainable lighting practices and policies that preserve riverscapes and their biodiversity. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1439179123000658?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2023.11.001 SN - 1618-0089 VL - 74 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blasek, Katrin T1 - EU-ID-Wallet – eine elektronische Brieftasche für die Europäische Union JF - Zeitschrift für das Recht der digitalen Wirtschaft Y1 - 2023 SN - 2702-4040 VL - 2023 IS - 4 SP - 125 EP - 130 PB - Wolters Kluwer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blasek, Katrin T1 - KI im Herbst 2023: G7 und Bletchley Park oder von der Notwendigkeit der Einheit in Vielfalt JF - ZD-Aktuell Y1 - 2023 VL - 2023 IS - 20 SP - 01434 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blasek, Katrin T1 - DSK-Empfehlungen für mehr Datenschutz bei Scoring-Verfahren JF - ZD-Aktuell Y1 - 2023 VL - 2023 IS - 14 SP - 01297 EP - 01298 PB - Beck ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blasek, Katrin T1 - KI-Regulierung in der Volksrepublik China JF - Recht Digital Y1 - 2023 SN - 2702-2404 VL - 2023 IS - 12 SP - 557 EP - 564 PB - Beck ER - TY - THES A1 - Schwabe, Carina T1 - Derivation of a technical representation of the MITRE ATT&CK matrix and further analyses of the kill chain N2 - In modern societies, technology has a high value, as nearly all systems are controlled by information technology. This thesis aims to develop a technical representation of the MITRE ATT&CK matrix to enable faster and more effective responses to cyber attacks. Based on a analysis of common cyber attack models, such as the Diamnond Model of Intrusion Analysis and the Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain, the MITRE ATT&CK matrix is used to develop an extended Kill Chain model. In this new model, MITRE tactics are grouped into five sequential attack phases, allowing for a clearer differentiation between actions taken during an attack. Aditionally, one ongoing group of MITRE tactics was identified. Building on this model, two graph-based representations are developed: a simple graph structure and a hierarchical, tree-shaped graph of MITRE tactics and techniques. The following discussion addresses the practical application of the new model, as well as potential further developments, such as integrating AI to analyse and predict existing and potential attack patterns. KW - Computersicherheit KW - MITRE KW - Modellierung Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32152 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - THES A1 - Reinhardt, Janek Simon T1 - Untersuchung der Realisierbarkeit von Heartbeat-Monitoring in Wazuh N2 - Der Stellenwert der Überwachung der Sicherheit von IT-Systemen nimmt mit dem Voranschreiten der Digitalisierung immer weiter zu. Um diese Aufgabe zu vereinfachen werden Monitoring-Systeme eingesetzt. Diese sammeln und verarbeiten Daten, um den Status des IT-Systems zu ermitteln. Zu diesen Monitoring-Systemen zählt Wazuh, welches in der Lage ist, die "Integrität" und "Vertraulichkeit" unter Zuhilfenahme von Agenten zu überwachen. Damit deckt Wazuh lediglich zwei der drei Schutzziele der IT-Sicherheit ab. Aus diesem Grund wird in dieser Bachelorarbeit untersucht, auf welche Art und Weise sich das SIEM und XDR System um Heartbeat Monitoring erweitern lässt. Dadurch wird Wazuh befähigt das dritte Schutzziel der IT-Sicherheit, die Verfügbarkeit, zu überwachen. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Erweiterung der Wazuh-Implementierung um den Heartbeat Daemon des Elastic Stacks durchgeführt. Die Implementierung soll in der Lage sein, die Daten des Heartbeat Daemons zu empfangen, zu speichern, darzustellen und Benachrichtigungen auszulösen, sobald sich der Status von überwachten Systemkomponenten ändert. Um die Funktionalität dieses Proof of Concepts zu überprüfen wird Heartbeat Monitoring ebenfalls in einem Vergleichssystem umgesetzt. Dabei handelt es sich um die native Umgebung des Daemons, den Elastic Stack. Die Funktionalität des Elastic Stacks konnte auf unterschiedlichen Wegen reproduziert werden. Dies erfolgt zum einen durch die direkte Verarbeitung der Heartbeat-Ausgabe durch Wazuh. Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit, die Heartbeat-Daten direkt in Wazuhs Datenbank zu schreiben. In Abhängigkeit der Version des Heartbeat-Daemons ist die Verwendung von Logstash als Middleware erforderlich. Das Darstellen der Daten ist für beide Methoden in Wazuhs Weboberfläche möglich. Das Erweitern von Wazuh um Heartbeat Monitoring ermöglicht der Software die Abdeckung der relevantesten Schutzziele der IT-Sicherheit. Es wird gezeigt, welche Methoden zur Erweiterung der Open-Source-Software angewendet werden können. KW - Wazuh KW - OpenSearch KW - Monitoring KW - Überwachung KW - IT-Sicherheit KW - Heartbeat KW - Verfügbarkeit KW - Availability KW - Computersicherheit KW - Elasticsearch Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32204 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Giske, Karl A1 - Bankwitz, Madeleine A1 - Engel, Christian A1 - Bendyk, Ricky A1 - Hirsch, Soeren T1 - Advanced Sensor Systems for Sustainable Building Modernization: A Technological Approach to Enhance CO2 Savings T2 - EUROSENSORS XXXVI, Debrecen, Hungary, 2024 N2 - This work presents an advanced sensor system design developed to improve diagnostic methods for sustainable building renovation, with focus on the optimization of energy efficiency and the achievement of significant CO2 reduction in the construction sector. Introduction Considering the challenges posed by climate change, it is imperative to adopt innovative strategies in all sectors, with particular focus on construction and real estate, which are well-known contributors to energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Sustainable renovation represents a pivotal approach for enhancing energy efficiency , reducing energy demand and improving environmental footprints through precise resource management and energy-efficient construction practices [1]. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-910600-03-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5162/EUROSENSORSXXXVI/OT10.184 SP - 216 EP - 217 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ferneding, Conrad T1 - Analysis of Vulnerability CVE-2024-3094 in XZ Utils: Precedent Supply Chain Attack and Incident Analysis N2 - This thesis falls within the domain of cybersecurity and computer science, specifically focusing on the vulnerability CVE-2024-3094, which has a CVSS score of 10, discovered in late March of 2024. It integrates methodologies from network security, reverse engineering, and OSINT to thoroughly investigate this vulnerability. An aspect of this thesis will be the exploration of the incident and its social engineering campaign that led to a threat actor becoming a maintainer of XZ Utils. Another part of this work will be the analysis of how the vulnerability in XZ Utils affects SSH and whether SSH authentication is compromised by this vulnerability. The objective is to conduct a Proof of Concept (PoC) to demonstrate the presence of the backdoor. KW - Computersicherheit KW - Reverse Engineering KW - Social Engineering Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32278 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - THES A1 - Allwardt, Arne T1 - Analyse von Machine-Learning-Methoden zur synthetischen Erzeugung von Zeitreihen N2 - In der Domäne der Zeitreihen besteht ein Mangel an qualitativ hochwertigen Daten, was die Leistungsfähigkeit von Deep-Learning-Modellen beeinträchtigen kann. Diese Arbeit untersucht Data-Augmentation-Methoden im Bereich von Zeitreihen, welche dieses Problem adressieren. Dabei werden insbesondere Machine-Learning-Verfahren (Autoencoder, Variational Autoencoder, TimeGAN) untersucht und mit algorithmischen Ansätzen (Jittering, Time Warping) verglichen. Die Methoden werden anhand der Kriterien Ähnlichkeit, Diversität und Nützlichkeit bewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass algorithmische Verfahren konsistent bessere Ergebnisse liefern als Machine-Learning-Methoden. Zudem wird festgestellt, dass der Einsatz generativer Machine-Learning-Verfahren nur dann sinnvoll ist, wenn das generative Modell weniger komplex ist als das Modell, welches die synthetischen Daten letztlich verwenden soll. N2 - In the domain of time series, there is a lack of high-quality data, which can negatively affect the performance of deep learning models. This thesis examines data augmentation methods in the field of time series that address this issue. In particular, machine learning approaches (Autoencoders, Variational Autoencoders, TimeGAN) are investigated and compared with algorithmic techniques (Jittering, Time Warping). The methods are evaluated using discriminative-, visual- and predictive evaluation. The results show that algorithmic approaches consistently yield better outcomes than machine learning methods. Furthermore, it is noted that the use of generative machine learning techniques is only meaningful when the generative model is less complex than the model that will ultimately utilize the synthetic data. KW - Machine Learning KW - Data Augmentation KW - Zeitreihen KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Data Augmentation KW - Zeitreihe Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32017 ER - TY - THES A1 - Feustel, Sebastian T1 - Vergleichende Untersuchung von statischen Schwachstellenscannern für OCI-based-Images anhand einer exemplarischen Webanwendung N2 - In der modernen IT-Infrastruktur hat die Container-Technologien sehr viel an Bedeutung gewonnen und finden breite Anwendung in der Softwareentwicklung. Die zunehmende Komplexität zeitgenössischer Anwendungen erfordert effektive Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, um potenzielle Schwachstellen frühzeitig zu erkennen und zu beheben. Diese Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit der Evaluierung verschiedener Vulnerability Scanner, die speziell für Container-Images entwickelt wurden. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird eine einfache Webanwendung mit Frontend und Backend erstellt und anschließend containerisiert. Diese Beispielanwendung dient als Grundlage für die systematische Untersuchung und Bewertung mehrerer Vulnerability Scanner. Ziel ist es, die Ergebnisse der verschiedenen Tools zu analysieren und das effektivste Werkzeug zur Identifizierung von Sicherheitslücken in containerisierten Umgebungen zu bestimmen. Durch die Analyse und den Vergleich der Ergebnisse wird aufgezeigt, welches Tool die besten Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Erkennungsrate und Genauigkeit liefert. Zusätzlich bietet die Arbeit einen Einblick in die Nutzung der Scanner, woraus sich die Benutzerfreundlichkeit der einzelnen Scanner ableiten lässt. Diese Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit von containerisierten Anwendungen in der Praxis und bietet praktische Empfehlungen zur Optimierung der Containersicherheit. KW - Schwachstellenscanner KW - Container KW - Docker KW - Softwareschwachstelle KW - Docker KW - Computersicherheit Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32025 ER - TY - THES A1 - Wagner, Robin T1 - Entwicklung eines Bildverarbeitungssystems zur Qualitätsprüfung von Produktkennzeichnungsaufklebern mit Feature Matching N2 - Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Bildverarbeitungssystems, das Qualitätsmängel in Form von Schnitt- und Druckfehlern bei industriellen Produktkennzeichnungsaufklebern mit geeigneten Verfahren der Bildverarbeitung erkennt und beschreibt. Insbesondere soll untersucht werden, inwiefern Verfahren zur Detektion, Beschreibung und Zuordnung von abstrakt beschriebenen, charakteristischen Bildpunkten (Features) zur Erkennung von Druckfehlern zielführend sein können. KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Bildverarbeitungssysteme KW - Bildanalyse KW - Qualitätsprüfung KW - Qualitätskontrolle KW - Produktkennzeichnung KW - Computervision KW - SIFT KW - ORB KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Qualitätskontrolle KW - Bildanalyse KW - Computervision Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32039 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hörig, Philipp T1 - Vergleichende Analyse der Performance und Ressourcenauslastung zwischen Platform- und Virtual-Threads in Java 21 T1 - Comparative Analysis of Performance and Resource Utilization between Platform and Virtual Threads in Java 21 N2 - Die Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Performance und Ressourcenauslastung von Platform- und Virtual-Threads in Java 21. Im Kontext der E-Commerce-Plattform der Telefónica Germany GmbH & Co. OHG stellt sich die Frage, ob die neu eingeführten Virtual-Threads dazu verwendet werden können, den aktuellen Softwareentwicklungsprozess des Unternehmens zu optimieren. Zu diesem Zweck werden Proof-of-Concept-Anwendungen entwickelt, die auf den Webframeworks Spring MVC und Spring WebFlux basieren. Diese Anwendungen werden anschließend einem Stresstest unterzogen, um die Leistungsunterschiede der Threading-Modelle zu analysieren. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung legen nahe, dass die Verwendung von Virtual- Threads im Vergleich zu Platform-Threads in einer asynchronen Spring MVC- Architektur zu einer Reduktion der durchschnittlichen Antwortzeit um etwa 20 % und zu einer Steigerung des Durchsatzes um nahezu 20 % führt. Des Weiteren konnte eine Reduktion der CPU- und RAM-Auslastung bei maximaler Last um 11 % bzw. 13 % festgestellt werden. Obwohl die Spring WebFlux- Architektur unter Verwendung von Platform-Threads und eines Netty-Servers in den meisten Testmetriken bessere Ergebnisse erzielte, sind die Resultate der asynchronen Spring MVC-Architektur mit Virtual-Threads vielversprechend. Eine Implementierung dieser Technologie könnte demnach eine deutliche Verbesserung des aktuellen Softwareentwicklungsprozesses im Unternehmen bewirken. N2 - The bachelor thesis analyzes the performance and resource utilization of platform and virtual threads in Java 21. In the context of the e-commerce platform of Telefónica Germany GmbH & Co. OHG, the question arises as to whether the newly introduced virtual threads can be used to optimize the company's current software development process. To this end, proof-of-concept applications based on the Spring MVC and Spring WebFlux web frameworks are being developed. These applications are then subjected to a stress test to analyze the performance differences between the threading models. The results of the investigation suggest that the use of virtual threads compared to platform threads in an asynchronous Spring MVC architecture leads to a reduction in the average response time of around 20% and an increase in throughput of almost 20%. Furthermore, a reduction in CPU and RAM utilization at maximum load of 11% and 13%, respectively, was observed. Although the Spring WebFlux architecture using platform threads and a Netty server achieved better results in most test metrics, the results of the asynchronous Spring MVC architecture with virtual threads are promising. Implementing this technology could, therefore, significantly improve the company's current software development process. KW - Java 21 KW - Virtual-Threads KW - Spring-MVC KW - Spring WebFlux KW - Performance KW - Ressourcenauslastung KW - Java Standard Edition 21 KW - Leistungsmessung KW - Electronic Commerce Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32064 ER - TY - THES A1 - Abdoul Karim, Malik T1 - Verbesserung der Alarmqualität und Entscheidungsfindung bei der Erkennung von Cyberangriffen durch Integration von Threat Intelligence und externen Datenquellen N2 - Diese Arbeit untersucht die Integration von externer Threat Intelligence in Cybersicherheitsplattformen, um die Erkennung von Bedrohungen in Echtzeit und die Reaktion auf Vorfälle zu verbessern. Durch den Einsatz von Datenscraping-Techniken auf sozialen Medien (X) in Kombination mit einer Python-basierten Verarbeitungspipeline und Elasticsearch zur Speicherung und Abfrage von Daten wird ein robustes System zur Analyse und Visualisierung bedrohungsrelevanter Informationen entwickelt. Das System integriert Natural Language Processing (NLP) Techniken, wie das Stanford CoreNLP-Framework und den Stucco Entity Extractor, um gesammelte Daten mit Cybersicherheitsentitäten anzureichern. Zudem werden maschinelle Lernmodelle, insbesondere Satztransformatoren, verwendet, um Texte einzubetten und die Kosinus-Ähnlichkeit zwischen potenziellen Bedrohungen und Warnmeldungen zu berechnen. Damit wird gezeigt, dass die Korrelation externer Datenquellen mit Threat Intelligence die Präzision von Alarmen erheblich verbessert und sicherheitsrelevante Einblicke für Analysten liefert. Das finale System bietet eine skalierbare und effiziente Datenverarbeitung sowie Echtzeit-Visualisierungen durch Elasticsearch und Kibana-Dashboards zur Unterstützung der Entscheidungsfindung in der Cybersicherheit. KW - NLP KW - Elastic KW - Twitter KW - X KW - Threat Intelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Twitter KW - Computersicherheit Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32103 CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frosch, Katharina A1 - Lindauer, Friederike T1 - AI-based Automated Production of Learning Content – A Means to Bridging the Digital Divide in Workplace Learning? JF - International Journal On Advances in Systems and Measurements Y1 - 2024 VL - 17 IS - 3&4 SP - 156 EP - 165 PB - IARIA ER - TY - JOUR ED - Wilms, Andreas T1 - Jahrbuch 2023/2024 der Absolventinnen und Absolventen T3 - Jahrbuch ... der Absolventinnen und Absolventen / Technische Hochschule Brandenburg - 2023/2024 Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32507 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - JOUR ED - Wilms, Andreas ED - Hirsch, Sören T1 - Forschungs- und Transferbericht der Technischen Hochschule Brandenburg 2022/23 BT - Begegnung : Forschung & Transfer im Austausch mit Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft T3 - Forschungsbericht der Technischen Hochschule Brandenburg - 2022/2023 Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32541 SN - 1861-3462 PB - Technische Hochschule Brandenburg CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frosch, Katharina A1 - Lindauer, Friederike A1 - Zuidhof, Niek T1 - Exploring the Digital Divide in Workplace Learning: A Rapid Review T2 - ICDS 2024, The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society, Barcelona, Spain N2 - This article examines the digital learning divide in workplace learning, with an emphasis on the disparity in the distribution of advanced learning technologies (ALT) across different types of workplaces. The study employs a rapid literature review methodology to analyze the utilization of ALT in workplace learning. The findings indicate that the use of ALT is predominantly concentrated in the education, health and medical sectors, with limited implementation in other sectors. Moreover, in smaller organizations, in non-technical sectors and among white-collar workers, there are fewer opportunities for technology-enhanced learning. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and comprehensive research to address the digital divide in workplace learning, taking into consideration practice-based evidence and exploring the themes covered by training. Furthermore, the paper proposes an investigation into the complexity and resource intensity of implementing ALT to enhance technology-based learning in all workplaces. In general, this research establishes the basis for comprehending and bridging the digital learning divide in the workplace. Y1 - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IARIA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kristal, Samuel A1 - Weretecki, Patrick T1 - Social first? Not always! Brand co-creation through regional marketing at Deutsche Telekom JF - Transfer: Zeitschrift für Kommunikation & Markenmanagement N2 - Deutsche Telekom, one of the world's leading integrated telecommunications companies, has recently shifted its focus in event marketing to prioritize more personal co-creational communication on regional occasions, rather than largescale events. This paper outlines the three-part LAW-principle that Deutsche Telekom follows in its brand communication in Germany, providing examples for each of the three pillars. The co-creation resulting from brand communication is changing the role of marketing and brand practitioners. They are now required to negotiate with various stakeholders. Y1 - 2024 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 67 EP - 71 PB - New Business Verlag ER - TY - INPR A1 - Trancón y Widemann, Baltasar A1 - Lepper, Markus T1 - A theory of conversion relations for prefixed units of measure N2 - Units of measure with prefixes and conversion rules are given a formal semantic model in terms of categorial group theory. Basic structures and both natural and contingent semantic operations are defined. Conversion rules are represented as a class of ternary relations with both group-like and category-like properties. A hierarchy of subclasses is explored, each satisfying stronger useful algebraic properties than the preceding, culminating in a direct efficient conversion-by-rewriting algorithm. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-31984 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.11580v5 SP - 1 EP - 45 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pepe, Alberto A1 - Buchholz, Sven A1 - Lasenby, Joan T1 - Clifford Group Equivariant Neural Network Layers for Protein Structure Prediction T2 - Northern Lights Deep Learning Conference, VOL 233, 09-11 Januar 2024, Tromso, Norwegen N2 - We employ Clifford Group Equivariant Neural Network (CGENN) layers to predict protein coordinates in a Protein Structure Prediction (PSP) pipeline. PSP is the estimation of the 3D structure of a protein, generally through deep learning architectures. Information about the geometry of the protein chain has been proven to be crucial for accurate predictions of 3D structures. However, this information is usually flattened as machine learning features that are not representative of the geometric nature of the problem. Leveraging recent advances in geometric deep learning, we redesign the 3D projector part of a PSP architecture with the addition of CGENN layers . CGENNs can achieve better generalization and robustness when dealing with data that show rotational or translational invariance such as protein coordinates, which are independent of the chosen reference frame. CGENNs inputs, outputs, weights and biases are objects in the Geometric Algebra of 3D Euclidean space, i.e. G3,0,0, and hence are interpretable from a geometrical perspective. We test 6 approaches to PSP and show that CGENN layers increase the accuracy in term of GDT scores by up to 2.1\%, with fewer trainable parameters compared to linear layers and give a clear geometric interpretation of their outputs. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://proceedings.mlr.press/v233/pepe24a/pepe24a.pdf SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - PMLR ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kyba, Christopher C.M. A1 - Arroyo, Hector Linares A1 - Degen, Tobias A1 - Abascal, Angela A1 - Simoneau, Alexandre A1 - Kuffer, Monika A1 - Hölker, Franz A1 - Aubé, Martin A1 - Walczak, Ken A1 - Espey, Brian R. A1 - de Miguel, Alejandro Sánchez A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Gyuk, Geza T1 - Night Watch Mission Description Document N2 - This is the Mission Description Document (MDD) for a future Earth observation satellite mission addressing visible band observations of nighttime lights. The mission driving science applications are for the remote sensing of electricity, energy, and ecological impacts via the observation of artificial light. The MDD covers the mission requirements justification from the high-level scientific objectives and societal benefits to measurement requirements at product level 1b, i.e. radiances at the top of the atmosphere. In providing justification for the individual requirements and their traceability to scientific objectives and societal challenges, we address Scientific Readiness Levels 1 to 3. The MDD is the outcome of the European Space Agency New Earth Observation Mission Ideas project "Night Watch". The Task Reports (TR) from the project are appended to the MDD, and are authored by the same group as the MDD itself. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48440/gfz.b103-24052 SP - 1 EP - 156 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bollow, Maximilian A1 - Frosch, Katharina A1 - Grunz, Angelina A1 - Hädicke, Svenja A1 - Judge, Rabina A1 - Levina, Olga T1 - Using Advanced Learning Technologies to Boost Sustainability Education: The Role of AI-based Chatbots T2 - EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024 N2 - In the face of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, the everchanging knowledge base of sustainability and therelated learning become vital. This applies especially to the field of sustainable digitalization. The literature providesgaps in the combination of sustainable digitalization with learning, due to the rapid developments and innovationsin this field.AI-based Chatbots could be a solution to rapidly build knowledge in this fast-evolving field, as they are able to drawupon a large body of recent knowledge and allow personalized, individual learning. They are created to understandquestions and respond to users via text, voice, or avatar in an interactive manner to facilitate learning (AI-Abdullatif,2023). Thus, AI-based Chatbots could enhance student-centered e-learning, which has shown to be a valuable toolfor sustainability literacy (Diamond & Irwin, 2013). Nonetheless, existing research does not yet provide sufficientevidence on what learning outcomes (e.g., knowledge acquisition) can be achieved with this AI-based approach tolearning. Therefore, it is crucial for us to determine whether and how they can be effectively utilized for this purpose.In this study, we examine the impact of AI-based Chatbots on learning outcomes in the context of sustainabledigitalization, in comparison to conventional digital learning methods. We conduct a field experiment with a pre-and post-test assessing the respective level of knowledge and sustainability-related competencies amongparticipants. The participants of the study (N=269) engage with different types of supported learning activitiesrelated to sustainable development. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four advanced learningtechnologies: a) AI-assisted personal tutoring (Chatbot), b) non-AI-based conversational learning and c) interactivevideo with embedded activities. Variations in learning outcomes depending on design characteristics of the learningactivity will be measured using the Self-Perceived Action Competence for Sustainability Questionnaire (SPACS-Q)(Olsson et al., 2020) as well as as well as a set of questions to assess knowledge retention.Results indicate that AI-based chatbots may be a viable method to enhance knowledge about practices in sustainabledigitalization. However, sustainability action competencies, such as confidence in one's own influence on shaping amore sustainable future and the willingness to undertake concrete actions, which may require higher-order learningprocesses, are not positively affected by short learning activities with our AI-based chatbot. We found evidence thatnon-AI-based learning activities yield similar increases in building knowledge on sustainable digitalization but alsosignificantly enhance sustainability action competencies related to potential behavioral changes.What does learner-centered pedagogy look like in reimagining the digital classroom of the future?93Assuming that our results are generalizable to other learning topics, the evidence found in this study suggests thatAI-based chatbots can contribute to addressing our most significant transformational challenges, all characterizedby a rapidly evolving knowledge base. Further research is particularly needed with respect to the preferable designcharacteristics of digital learning activities (both AI-based and non-AI-based) to achieve optimal outcomes in buildingsustainability competencies. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/159440/2/678463.pdf#page=104 SP - 92 EP - 93 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frosch, Katharina A1 - Lindauer, Friederike A1 - Winkel, Carmen T1 - Utilizing Chatbots for Automating Examinations in Higher Education: Perceived Fairness, Trust and Learning Outcomes T2 - EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024 N2 - Large Language Models (LLM) are increasingly used to support educational assessment (González-Calatayud et al.,2021), offering a promising approach to addressing challenges associated with scalability, consistency, andpersonalized feedback that manual assessment implies (Fagbohun et al., 2024).Pre-configured interfaces for building custom chatbots based on common AI models provide a low-level approachfor educators to design their own AI-based examination tools that ask learners questions and provide feedback onthe answers. An example of a prototypical application - albeit based on a self-programmed interface - is Nitze's(2024) StudyBuddy, which simulates oral exams. Yet, the extent to which these AI-based exam assistants canautonomously conduct complete exam assessments—creating questions and evaluating and grading responseswithout manual oversight—is still largely unexplored. Despite the clear advantages, issues related to the quality ofthe generated content, the precision of assessments, ethical implications, and acceptance among learners persist assignificant concerns.This paper is a proof-of-concept study combined with a field experiment for an AI-based exam assistant based onthe StudyBuddy suggested by Nitze (2024). The exam assistant provides students with a set of quiz questions andcase studies based on an 80-page reader on topics in organizational behavior, offering personalized feedback andquestion-by-question scoring ranging from 0 to 100%, along with an overall grade and personalized feedback. Toevaluate learning behavior and outcome (in the practice phase), perceived fairness (in the exam phase) and overalllearner acceptance, we run a field experiment with N=35 students enrolled in a business management program at atechnical university in Germany. They take part in a quiz assignment provided and graded by the exam assistant andsubsequently answer a survey with questions based on the Perceived Fairness scale (Sonnleitner & Kovacs, 2020)and the Trust in Automated Systems Test (Wojton et al., 2020). Additionally, the learning outcomes are assessed ina retrospective pre-post design according to Drennan and Hyde (2008). Results will be available by the End of April2024.Insights gained from this study will shed light on the question whether custom chatbots can be effectively used forscalable, efficient assessment processes in higher education. As the ready-made interfaces already available requireminimal prerequisites and technical skills, they present an accessible opportunity for instructors to develop theirown AI-based examination tools, and to ease manual corrections, to guarantee consistent grading and to providestudents with individualized, constructive feedback on their solutions even in large courses where personalizedfeedback would not be possible when manual grading is used.The results of this study will shed light on whether customised chatbots can be effectively used for scalable, efficientassessment processes in higher education. The readily available interfaces, requiring minimal prerequisites andHow do we promote fairness in digital learning futures?22technical skills, enable educators to develop their own AI-based assessment tools. This would open opportunitiesfor educators to build their own AI-based assessment tools and facilitate manual corrections, ensure consistentgrading and provide students with individualised, constructive feedback, even in large courses where personalisedfeedback would not be possible with manual grading. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/159440/2/678463.pdf#page=104 SP - 21 EP - 22 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Brasche, Ulrich T1 - Climate justice - dimensions and conflicts N2 - Probably no-one will publicly admit that justice is not important to him. The allegation of injustice is used to describe moral positions and justify demands. However, there is no simple and unambiguous description of just positions or just actions. To overcome the man-made climate crisis, a fair distribution of benefits and burdens is called for. Some stakeholders also use the argument of justice to disguise their interests. The question to be clarified is: Who may cause how much damage to whom and who must make what efforts to compensate for the damage and prevent future damage? This text reports on attempts to establish an ethical foundation for climate justice and on international political activities that claim to achieve greater climate justice. Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nitze, André A1 - Wang, Tingting A1 - Jahn, Josephine A1 - Ali, Sabah A1 - Miesner, Timon T1 - Lessons learned from building sustainable municipal LoRaWan infrastructure JF - International Journal On Advances in Networks and Services N2 - Abstract—This paper introduces the LoRaWAN Collaboration Framework (LCF), a strategic blueprint for deploying and managing LoRaWAN infrastructures in smart cities with an emphasis on rural and small municipalities. LoRaWAN technology distinguishes itself by its capability to support long-range, low-power IoT applications, making it ideal for extensive and sparsely populated areas. The LCF aims to address common challenges in these settings, such as limited technical expertise, financial constraints, and the need for cross-municipal cooperation. It outlines roles and responsibilities across various stakeholders including municipal authorities, IT service providers, application developers, and end-users. The framework emphasizes the balance of technological, economic, social and ecological sustainability in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we describe the experiences from several LoRaWAN projects in small towns and municipalities in Germany and give some insights to these use cases, the derived collaboration framework, and other arguments to consider before implementing LoRaWAN infrastructures. Y1 - 2024 VL - 17 IS - 3&4 SP - 59 EP - 68 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nitze, André A1 - Wang, Tingting A1 - Jahn, Josephine A1 - Ali, Sabah T1 - Beyond Connectivity: A Sustainable Approach to Municipal LoRaWAN Infrastructure and Services T2 - Konferenz: ICDS 2024 : The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society; Barcelona, Spain N2 - This paper introduces the LoRaWAN Collaboration Framework (LCF), a strategic blueprint for deploying and managing LoRaWAN infrastructures in smart cities with an emphasis on rural and small municipalities. LoRaWAN technology is distinguished by its capability to support long-range, low-power IoT applications, making it ideal for extensive and sparsely populated areas. The LCF aims to address common challenges in these settings, such as limited technical expertise, financial constraints, and the need for cross-municipal cooperation. It outlines roles and responsibilities across various stakeholders including municipal authorities, IT service providers, application developers, and end-users. The framework emphasizes the balance of technological, economic, ecological, and social sustainability in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper we describe the experiences from several LoRaWAN projects in small towns and municipalities, the derived framework, and future research directions towards ensuring the economic viability of the proposed model. Y1 - 2024 SP - 19 EP - 24 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pepe, Alberto A1 - Lasenby, Joan A1 - Buchholz, Sven T1 - CGAPoseNet+GCAN: A Geometric Clifford Algebra Network for Geometry-aware Camera Pose Regression T2 - Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, Waikoloa, Hawaii, US, 2024 N2 - We introduce CGAPoseNet+ GCAN, which enhances CGAPoseNet, an architecture for camera pose regression, with a Geometric Clifford Algebra Network (GCAN). With the addition of the GCAN we obtain a geometry-aware pipeline for camera pose regression from RGB images only. CGAPoseNet employs Clifford Geometric Algebra to unify quaternions and translation vectors into a single mathematical object, the motor, which can be used to uniquely describe camera poses. CGAPoseNet solves the issue of balancing rotation and translation components in the loss function, and can obtain comparable results to other approaches without the need of expensive tuning of the loss function or additional information about the scene, such as 3D point clouds, which might not always be available. CGAPoseNet, however, like several approaches in the literature, only learns to predict motor coefficients, and it is unaware of the mathematical space in which predictions sit in and of their geometrical meaning. By leveraging recent advances in Geometric Deep Learning, we modify CGAPoseNet with a GCAN: proposals of possible motor coefficients associated with a camera frame are obtained from the InceptionV3 backbone, and the GCAN downsamples them to a single motor through a sequence of layers that work in G_ 4, 0. The network is hence geometry-aware, has multivector-valued inputs, weights and biases and preserves the grade of the objects that it receives in input. CGAPoseNet+ GCAN has almost 4 million fewer trainable parameters, it reduces the average rotation error by 41% and the average translation error by 8.8% compared to CGAPoseNet. Similarly, it reduces rotation and translation errors by 32.6% and 19.9%, respectively, compared to the best performing PoseNet strategy. CGAPoseNet+ GCAN reaches the state-of-the-art results on 13 commonly employed datasets. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first experiment in GCANs applied to the problem of camera pose regression. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00646 SP - 6593 EP - 6603 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wang, Tingting A1 - Nitze, André A1 - Hofstedt, Petra A1 - Löffler, Sven A1 - Hennig, Silvia A1 - Klinge, Alexander T1 - Technische Machbarkeit von ländlichem On-Demand-Verkehr: Anforderungen an eine Open-Source-Software-Architektur T2 - 24. Nachwuchswissenschaftler:innenkonferenz N2 - On-Demand-Verkehr bezeichnet Mobilitätsangebote, die auf Bestellung verfügbar sind. Ziel ist es, durch flexible Mobilitätsangebote Lücken im ländlichen öffentlichen Personennahverkehr (ÖPNV) zu schließen, insbesondere in dünn besiedelten Räumen und zu Randzeiten des Tages. Die Einführung solcher Dienste gestaltet sich für viele Kommunen jedoch aufgrund der hohen Lizenzgebühren für proprietäre Software als äußerst schwierig, insbesondere in strukturschwachen Regionen, die solche Dienste besonders benötigen. Im Rahmen des Projekts "Open-Source-Software für ländlichen On-Demand-Verkehr" (OSLO) wurde die Umsetzbarkeit einer niedrigschwelligen Open-Source-Lösung geprüft. Diese Lösung soll langfristig in die Open-Source-Mobilitätsplattform bbnavi integriert werden, um die Nutzung vorhandener Mobilitätsdaten zu erleichtern, Interoperabilität zu gewährleisten und die Anpassung an andere Regionen zu vereinfachen. Das Konzept beinhaltet eine Software-Architektur, einen speziell für den ländlichen Nahverkehr entwickelten intermodalen Routing-Algorithmus und ein Betriebs- und Organisationsmodell ([1]). In diesem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie eine effiziente Software-Architektur für das OSLO-Projekt entworfen wurde. Die zentralen Themen beinhalten die Strukturierung der Komponenten, die Anwendung von GTFS-Flex-V2, die Integration des angepassten Routing-Algorithmus sowie die Einbindung externer Schnittstellen. KW - On-Demand-Verkehr KW - Software-Architektur KW - Open Source Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mit1-opus4-154308 SN - 1437-7624 IS - 3 SP - 361 EP - 366 PB - Hochschule Mittweida CY - Mittweida ER - TY - INPR A1 - Pepe, Alberto A1 - Lasenby, Joan A1 - Buchholz, Sven T1 - STAResNet: A Network in Spacetime Algebra to solve Maxwell's PDEs T2 - arXiv N2 - We introduce STAResNet, a ResNet architecture in Spacetime Algebra (STA) to solve Maxwell's partial differential equations (PDEs). Recently, networks in Geometric Algebra (GA) have been demonstrated to be an asset for truly geometric machine learning. In [1], GA networks have been employed for the first time to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), demonstrating an increased accuracy over real-valued networks. In this work we solve Maxwell's PDEs both in GA and STA employing the same ResNet architecture and dataset, to discuss the impact that the choice of the right algebra has on the accuracy of GA networks. Our study on STAResNet shows how the correct geometric embedding in Clifford Networks gives a mean square error (MSE), between ground truth and estimated fields, up to 2.6 times lower than than obtained with a standard Clifford ResNet with 6 times fewer trainable parameters. STAREsNet demonstrates consistently lower MSE and higher correlation regardless of scenario. The scenarios tested are: sampling period of the dataset; presence of obstacles with either seen or unseen configurations; the number of channels in the ResNet architecture; the number of rollout steps; whether the field is in 2D or 3D space. This demonstrates how choosing the right algebra in Clifford networks is a crucial factor for more compact, accurate, descriptive and better generalising pipelines. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2408.13619 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - arXiv ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Levina, Olga T1 - Incorporating Ethical Aspects in Information Systems Requirements Engineering T2 - Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, 23rd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2024, Prag, Tschechien, September 11–13, 2024 N2 - Ethical considerations in software requirements engineering are a critical but often overlooked aspect of the software development process. However, requests for transparency and autonomy in the way IT artefacts are designed, described, used, applied and integrated in the everyday life are getting more pressing within the society. In this research, the process of software engineering is taken as an illustrative model for the proactive incorporation of ethical principles in the system design within the design of a software artefact. Specifically, the phase of requirements elicitation and analysis are expanded with ethical aspects, since that is where the first steps of the software construction as an artefact are initiated and the first common ground of understanding is achieved. Being rooted in the security engineering, the SQUARE process is expanded to provide a basic structure for incorporating of ethical aspects into software design. By doing so, the social and moral values become central to the design and development of new technologies. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-71333-0.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71333-0_10 SP - 153 EP - 161 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kitzelmann, Emanuel T1 - Lernen mit Neuronalen Netzen T2 - Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) Künstliche Intelligenz für Lehrkräfte. N2 - Sitz der menschlichen Intelligenz ist das Gehirn. Was läge also näher, als Erkenntnisse aus der Hirnforschung für die Erzeugung künstlicher Intelligenz zu nutzen? Künstliche neuronale Netze simulieren in einer vereinfachten und abgewandelten Form den grundlegenden Aufbau des Gehirns und sind als eine leistungsfähige Variante des maschinellen Lernens vielseitig einsetzbar, um komplexe Funktionen, z. B. in der Bild- und Sprachverarbeitung, aus großen Mengen von Daten zu lernen. Viele aktuelle und Aufsehen erregende Anwendungen der künstlichen Intelligenz – leistungsfähige ChatBots und Bildgeneratoren, Bilderkennung in Fahrassistenzsystemen, die Erkennung von Krankheitsbildern in der bildgebenden Diagnostik, Prognosen im Finanzwesen und viele mehr – beruhen auf künstlichen neuronalen Netzen. Dieses Kapitel behandelt den Grundaufbau eines einzelnen künstlichen Neurons und eines mehrschichtigen neuronalen Netzes. Es wird erklärt, wie ein neuronales Netz Eingaben verarbeitet und wie es mit Daten trainiert werden kann, um eine bestimmte Funktion auszuführen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4_5 SP - 53 EP - 67 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kersten, Philipp A1 - Buzin, Johannes A1 - Hirsch, Sören T1 - Wireless Sensor Nodes for Condition Based Maintenance in Railway Systems T2 - IEEE Sensors Conference, Kobe, Japan, 2024 N2 - Ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of railway systems is increasingly critical in global transportation networks. This paper addresses the necessity for advanced monitoring systems by introducing a multivariate energy-efficient wireless sensor node designed for proactive maintenance in rail applications. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10784508 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10784508 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Michaeli, Tilman A1 - Kitzelmann, Emanuel A1 - Seegerer, Stefan A1 - Romeike, Ralf T1 - Lernen aus Daten T2 - Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) Künstliche Intelligenz für Lehrkräfte N2 - In diesem Kapitel werden Grundlagen des maschinellen Lernens erläutert und von wissensbasierten Ansätzen Künstlicher Intelligenz abgegrenzt. Dazu werden verschiedene Ansätze des maschinellen Lernens unterschieden und an Beispielen ausgeführt. Aufbauend hierauf werden gesellschaftliche Bezüge und Implikationen beleuchtet. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4_3 SP - 25 EP - 38 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollmer, Michael A1 - Eberhardt, Wolfgang T1 - Ein einfaches Modell für die Vorhersage von CO2 Konzentrationen in der Atmosphäre in Abhängigkeit von globalen CO2 Emissionen JF - PhyDid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beiträge zur DPG-Frühjahrstagung N2 - Es wird das vielleicht einfachst mögliche Modell vorgestellt, mit dem zeitabhängige CO2 Konzent-rationen c(t) in der Atmosphäre ausgehend von verschiedenen globalen Emissionsszenarien für CO2berechnet werden. Dazu wird eine einzelne inhomogene lineare Differenzialgleichung 1. Ordnung hergeleitet, deren Parameter sich aus den quantitativen Daten des global carbon project sowie Mauna Loa Daten für CO2 Konzentrationen errechnen. Das Modell wird erstens getestet am Zeitraum 1960 bis 2020 mit vergleichsweise guter quantitativer Übereinstimmung zu Messdaten. Zweitens wird für zwei typische IPCC Emissions-Szenarien ein Vergleich der Modellvorhersagen mit denen der kom-plexen IPCC Earth-System-Klimamodelle diskutiert mit qualitativer Übereinstimmung des zeitli-chen Verlaufs. Drittens werden Ergebnisse einiger ausgewählter neuer Emissionsszenarien präsen-tiert. Ungeachtet einiger Abweichungen zu komplexeren Klimamodellen zeichnet sich unser Mo-dell durch zwei wichtige Vorteile für die Lehre aus. Zum einen ist es sehr einfach für Studierende und begabte Schüler nutzbar, da die erforderliche Lösung der Differentialgleichung bereits mit han-delsüblicher Tabellenkalkulationssoftware wie z.B. Excel programmiert werden kann. Dadurch ge-stattet es zum anderen auch sehr einfach, den zeitlichen Verlauf von Emissionsszenarien zu verän-dern und innerhalb weniger Sekunden Veränderungen aufgrund geänderter Eingaben zu berechnen. Insofern eignet sich das Modell sehr gut als Einstieg in das Thema Klimamodellierung in einführen-den Hochschulvorlesungen zum Themenbereich Kohlenstoffkreislauf und Klimawandel. In der Schule kann es gegen Ende der Sekundarstufe 2 beispielsweise im Projektunterricht zum Themen-komplex Nachhaltigkeit in Physik und/oder Mathematik eingesetzt werden Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ojs.dpg-physik.de/index.php/phydid-b/article/view/1411 SN - 2191-379X VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 379 EP - 388 PB - FU Berlin ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schiller, Carina T1 - IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.2.3 Gemeinsamer Lessons-Learned-Bericht zu Beratung N2 - Die Beratung von Forschenden spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Umsetzung und Etablierung des Forschungsdatenmanagements (FDM) im Forschungsalltag. Nach wie vor benötigen viele Forschende Unterstützung im Umgang mit ihren Forschungsdaten. Dies kann einerseits durch einen eher generischen Kenntnisstand zum Thema FDM bedingt sein, andererseits stellt der FDM-Kosmos einen hochfluiden Bereich dar – mit fortlaufend aktualisierten oder gänzlich neuen Tools und Infrastrukturen sowie veränderten Anforderungen an Forschende auch von Seiten der Forschungsförderer. Eine zentrale FDM-Anlaufstelle für die Ratsuchenden ist an den Hochschulen unerlässlich und folglich auch unter den Maßnahmen des Verbundprojekts „IN-FDM-BB – Institutionalisiertes und nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement in Brandenburg“ zu finden. Seit Oktober 2022 (Projektbeginn) werden an den beteiligten brandenburgischen Hochschulen entsprechende FDM-Kontaktpunkte auf- bzw. ausgebaut um die (Erst-)Beratung von Forschenden durchführen zu können. Darüber hinaus werden unterstützende Angebote etwa für rechtliche/ethische Fragen konzipiert und etabliert, um eine umfassende Beratung auch für spezifische Aspekte des FDMs zu ermöglichen. Bedarfsgerechte Materialien und Handreichungen, ebenso Bestandteil des Projektplans, ergänzen das individuelle Beratungsangebot. Der vorliegende Werkstattbericht stellt Erkenntnisse und Herausforderungen der Erprobungsphase dar und skizziert Ansätze, um diesen Herausforderungen lösungsorientiert begegnen zu können. Wertvolle Einblicke in die Beratungspraxis aller am Projekt beteiligter Hochschulen bilden dabei die Grundlage. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13349762 PB - Zenodo ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pepe, Alberto A1 - Lasenby, Joan A1 - Buchholz, Sven T1 - GA-ReLU: an activation function for Geometric Algebra Networks applied to 2D Navier-Stokes PDEs T2 - ICLR 2024 Workshop on AI4DifferentialEquations In Science, Wien, Österreich N2 - Many differential equations describing physical phenomena are intrinsically geometric in nature. It has been demonstrated how this geometric structure of data can be captured effectively through networks sitting in Geometric Algebra (GA) that work with multivectors, making them suitable candidates to solve differential equations. GA networks however, are still mostly uncharted territory. In this paper we focus on non-linearities, since applying them to multivectors is not a trivial task: they are generally applied in a point-wise fashion over each real-valued component of a multivector. This approach discards interactions between different elements of the multivector input and compromises the geometric nature of GA networks. To bridge this gap, we propose GA-ReLU, a GA approach to the rectified linear unit (ReLU), and show how it can improve the solution of Navier-Stokes PDEs. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://openreview.net/pdf?id=T54Hn1e98P SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollmer, Michael A1 - Eberhardt, Wolfgang T1 - A simple model for the prediction of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, depending on global CO2 emissions JF - European Journal of Physics N2 - We present a very simple model for estimating time dependent atmospheric CO2 concentrations c(t) from global carbon emission scenarios, serving as single input data. We derive a single linear differential equation of 1st order, based on parameters which are estimated from quantitative data of the global carbon project and Mauna Loa data for CO2 concentrations. The model is tested first by comparing it to the 1960–2021 period with reasonably good quantitative agreement and, second to two of the typical current IPCC scenarios with good qualitative agreement. Finally, some new emission scenarios are modelled. Despite several drawbacks concerning absolute quantitative predictions, there are two important advantages of the model. First, it can be easily executed by students already with simple programmable spreadsheet programs such as Excel. Second input emission scenarios can be changed easily and expected changes are immediately seen for discussion during undergraduate and graduate courses on the carbon cycle and climate change. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ad230d VL - 45 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klopp, Christoph A1 - Trittel, Torsten A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Coarsening of quasi two-dimensional emulsions formed by islands in free-standing smectic films JF - ChemPhysChem N2 - We study the coarsening behavior of assemblies of islands on smectic A freely suspended films in ISS microgravity experiments. The islands can be regarded as liquid inclusions in a two-dimensional fluid in analogy to liquid droplets of the discontinuous phase of an emulsion. The coarsening is effectuated by two processes, predominantly by island coalescence, but to some extend also by Ostwald ripening, whereby large islands grow at the expense of surrounding smaller ones. A peculiarity of this system is that the continuous and the discontinuous phases consist of the same material. We determine the dynamics, analyze the self-similar aging of the island size distribution and discuss characteristic exponents of the mean island growth. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202400166 VL - 25 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klopp, Christoph A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Rupture of thin nematic walls between isotropic droplets of the same mesogenic material JF - Liquid Crystals N2 - We prepared isotropic droplets surrounded by nematic fringes in smectic A freely suspended films. During their coalescence, a thin nematic film is formed that acts as a barrier and separates the isotropic cores of these droplets. This film ruptures in the course of the droplet merging process. The observation of the film dynamics provides an exceptional opportunity to study the rupture of a thin liquid barrier embedded in a surrounding viscous liquid. A detailed dynamic characterisation of the nematic walls is performed. Qualitatively similar observations have been reported in 3D for oil drops coalescing in water and vice versa, where the rupture of an intermediate thin fluid film retards the merging process. The peculiarity of the system reported here is that the material of the droplets and the membrane is identical. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2024.2325619 VL - 51 IS - 5 SP - 783 EP - 797 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollmer, Michael T1 - Limitations of the eye and how to overcome them JF - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - Human eyes have spatial, temporal, and spectral limitations which impose constraints on our perception. With appropriate optical devices and cameras, the limitations can be easily overcome. As a consequence, a huge variety of physical phenomena can be made accessible for teaching. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2750/1/012001 VL - 2750 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arslan, Eda A1 - Brücher, Viktoria A1 - Demir, Gokce A1 - Liekfeld, Anja T1 - Gender distribution of scientific contributions at German ophthalmological conferences - a baseline study T1 - Geschlechterverteilung bei wissenschaftlichen Beiträgen auf deutschen ophthalmologischen Kongressen – eine Bestandsaufnahme JF - Die Ophthalmologie N2 - The proportion of female ophthalmologists in Germany has risen to approximately 50% in recent years, and approximately 66% of medical students are women. This represents a reversal of the past situation with a male predominance. Despite this change, many international studies show that women are still underrepresented at scientific conferences, particularly among invited speakers, chairpersons, and program committees. This study aims to investigate whether these differences in gender representation are also reflected at German ophthalmological congresses and whether the situation has changed in recent years. MethodsData collection covered the years 2013, 2022, and 2023 and included the congresses of the five large German ophthalmological associations: the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG), German Ophthalmic Surgical Society (DOC), German Ophthalmological Academy (AAD), German Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (DGII) and the German Retinological Society (RG). Data were collected based on online programs and information provided by the offices and the managing committees. The numbers of female and male speakers and chairpersons were identified, as were the gender distributions of the specific program committees. Overall, the percentage of female speakers across all years and conferences surveyed averaged 25%, while female chairs averaged 17%. The percentage of females in the program committees ranged from 0% to 17%. There was an increase in the percentage of female speakers over 10 years (2013-2023). For the DOG (ptrend < 0.01) and the DOC (ptrend = 0.01) there was a significant rise, while it was highest at the DOG (37%) and lowest at the DGII (11%). The percentage of female chairs was in general lower than the percentage of female speakers for all conferences (between 11% and 26% in 2023). Only for the DOG was there a statistically significant increase over the 10 years (ptrend < 0.01). The representation of women as speakers and chairpersons at German ophthalmology conferences is low; these continue to be predominantly male dominated. Although there has been an increase in female representation over time, it remains lower than the overall proportion of women in the profession in 2023. Significant differences are observed between the various ophthalmological conferences. Further investigation into the underrepresentation of women at these conferences is necessary, and measures to encourage greater female participation at congresses should be implemented. N2 - In den letzten Jahren hat sich das Geschlechterverhältnis in der Augenheilkunde in Deutschland verändert. Derzeit sind etwa 50 % der in diesem Fach tätigen Ärztinnen und Ärzte weiblich, und bei den Medizinstudierenden liegt der Frauenanteil sogar bei rund 66 %. Diese Entwicklung stellt eine Umkehr des bisherigen Geschlechterverhältnisses im Sinne einer stärkeren Repräsentation von Frauen dar. Trotz dieser Veränderung zeigen zahlreiche internationale Studien, dass Frauen auf wissenschaftlichen Kongressen weiterhin unterrepräsentiert sind. Dies gilt insbesondere für ihre Beteiligung als geladene Rednerinnen, Vorsitzende von Sitzungen sowie als Mitglieder von Programmkommissionen. Diese Diskrepanz wirft die Frage auf, ob ähnliche Ungleichgewichte auch in Deutschland bestehen. Bisher gibt es keine systematische Untersuchung, die geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Repräsentation von Vortragenden, Vorsitzenden und Mitgliedern der Programmkommissionen auf ophthalmologischen Kongressen in Deutschland beleuchtet. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, das Ausmaß dieses Geschlechterunterschieds in der deutschen Ophthalmologie auf Kongressen zu untersuchen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-024-02154-x SN - 2731-7218 VL - 122 SP - 100 EP - 106 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Degen, Jacqueline A1 - Storms, Mona A1 - Lee, Benjamin A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Stoeckl, Anna A1 - Hoelker, Franz A1 - Jakhar, Aryan A1 - Walter, Thomas A1 - Walter, Stefan A1 - Mitesser, Oliver A1 - Hovestadt, Thomas A1 - Degen, Tobias T1 - Shedding light with harmonic radar: Unveiling the hidden impacts of streetlights on moth flight behavior JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - One of the most dramatic changes occurring on our planet is the ever- increasing extensive use of artificial light at night, which drastically altered the environment to which nocturnal animals are adapted. Such light pollution has been identified as a driver in the dramatic insect decline of the past years. One nocturnal species group experiencing marked declines are moths, which play a key role in food webs and ecosystem services such as plant pollination. Moths can be easily monitored within the illuminated area of a streetlight, where they typically exhibit disoriented behavior. Yet, little is known about their behavior beyond the illuminated area. Harmonic radar tracking enabled us to close this knowledge gap. We found a significant change in flight behavior beyond the illuminated area of a streetlight. A detailed analysis of the recorded trajectories revealed a barrier effect of streetlights on lappet moths whenever the moon was not available as a natural celestial cue. Furthermore, streetlights increased the tortuosity of flights for both hawk moths and lappet moths. Surprisingly, we had to reject our fundamental hypothesis that most individuals would fly toward a streetlight. Instead, this was true for only 4% of the tested individuals, indicating that the impact of light pollution might be more severe than assumed to date. Our results provide experimental evidence for the fragmentation of landscapes by streetlights and demonstrate that light pollution affects movement patterns of moths beyond what was previously assumed, potentially affecting their reproductive success and hampering a vital ecosystem service. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2401215121 VL - 121 IS - 42 PB - National Academy of Sciences ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strachan, Laura M. A1 - Winkel, Carmen T1 - Oral Histories of Social, Cultural, and Environmental Changes in Saudi Arabia Before and After Saudi Aramco JF - Social Change N2 - Saudi Aramco’s influence upon the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia cannot be overstated. After the discovery of oil in 1938, a nationwide metamorphosis began to infiltrate desert communities, sleepy fishing villages, and traditional urban centres ultimately influencing the people and their environments in unimaginable ways. Becoming one of the world’s largest oil producers has meant the loss and/or transformation of traditional ways of life. Shepherds, pearl divers, fishermen, and farmers are today’s business owners, executives, and international leaders. How could the development of a single company influence a country and its populace so dramatically? Besides the financial gains, how were individuals, families, and ecosystems affected? What were some of the personal challenges experienced by Saudi citizens? In this paper, the authors address these questions and others using local Saudi knowledge. In total, 20 female university students who participated in an oral history project interviewed their family members to learn how Saudi Aramco affected them personally, their traditions, landscapes, and society more generally. Excerpts from the interviews are highlighted to expose the nuances experienced by the various research participants. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00490857241278782 VL - 54 IS - 4 SP - 561 EP - 576 PB - Sage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - Content-And-Review Platform Engagement of End-Users and Local Businesses – An Explorative Analysis Based on Google Maps Data T2 - Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation. ICDEc 2024. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing N2 - One fundamental value proposition of every digital platform is to facilitate transactions between two or more stakeholders. Active user engagement is therefore a crucial success factor for platforms to thrive, grow and establish a competitive network. This paper delves into the topic of platform engagement on content-and-review platforms by using Google Maps as a research tool. Applying a qualitative approach, a descriptive analysis of local business entities’ data on Google Maps is elaborated, focusing particularly on engagement activi-ties in the conjunction of business-owners and end-users. The findings suggest that under-, over-, and non-engagement are less desirable for local business entities. Following a practice-oriented discussion, strategic pathways are proposed to leverage business value from platform engagement activities. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76365-6_12 VL - 530 SP - 179 EP - 192 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broscheit, Jessica T1 - Inspired by animal species: biomimicry in participatory research JF - Information technology : it N2 - Inspired by the rich tapestry of nature, biomimicry encourages designers, engineers, and researchers to draw inspiration from the natural world to create technological solutions. However, little is known about the usage of biomimicry in participatory research involving local people without technical expertise. In this paper, we present two case studies to explore how performative biomimicry is when applied in a participatory research process with local people of different ages. To this end, we conducted two different case studies and asked our participants to analyze the characteristics of different animal species to design an interactive prototype that addresses a specific task. Both case studies demonstrated promising potential for biomimicry, as the participants drew inspiration from animal species to develop functional prototypes and narratives that resonate on an emotional level. Finally, we discuss the benefits of integrating biomimicry in participatory research and how this method could be used to promote social change and transformation in the society, for example, in STEM education, digital literacy, and environmental awareness. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/itit-2023-0121 VL - 66 IS - 2-3 SP - 56 EP - 63 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Puzyrev, Dmitry A1 - Torsten, Torsten A1 - Harth, Kirsten A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Cooling of a granular gas mixture in microgravity JF - npj microgravity N2 - Granular gases are fascinating non-equilibrium systems with interesting features such as spontaneous clustering and non-Gaussian velocity distributions. Mixtures of different components represent a much more natural composition than monodisperse ensembles but attracted comparably little attention so far. We present the observation and characterization of a mixture of rod-like particles with different sizes and masses in a drop tower experiment. Kinetic energy decay rates during granular cooling and collision rates were determined and Haff’s law for homogeneous granular cooling was confirmed. Thereby, energy equipartition between the mixture components and between individual degrees of freedom is violated. Heavier particles keep a slightly higher average kinetic energy than lighter ones. Experimental results are supported by numerical simulations. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-024-00369-5 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer CY - Brandenburg an der Havel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trittel, Torsten A1 - Puzyrev, Dmitry A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Platonic solids bouncing on a vibrating plate JF - Physical Review E N2 - The energy transfer between bouncing particles and rigid boundaries during impacts is crucially influenced not only by restitution coefficients of the material but also by particle shapes. This is particularly important when such particles are mechanically agitated with vibrating plates. Inertial measurement units are able to measure all acceleration and rotational velocity components of an object and store these data for subsequent analysis. We employ them to measure the dynamics of cubes and icosahedra on vibrating plates to study the efficiency of energy transfer into the individual degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the excited object. The rotational DOFs turn out to be much less excited than the vertical translational motion. Most remarkably, there is only little difference between the two Platonic solids in both the absolute energies and the energy partition ratios. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.109.034903 VL - 109 IS - 3 PB - APS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trittel, Torsten A1 - Puzyrev, Dmitry A1 - Harth, Kirsten A1 - Stannarius, Ralf T1 - Rotational and translational motions in a homogeneously cooling granular gas JF - npj microgravity N2 - A granular gas composed of monodisperse spherical particles was studied in microgravity experiments in a drop tower. Translations and rotations of the particles were extracted from optical video data. Equipartition is violated, the rotational degrees of freedom were excited only to roughly 2/3 of the translational ones. After stopping the mechanical excitation, we observed granular cooling of the ensemble for a period of three times the Haff time, where the kinetic energy dropped to about 5% of its initial value. The cooling rates of all observable degrees of freedom were comparable, and the ratio of rotational and translational kinetic energies fluctuated around a constant value. The distributions of translational and rotational velocity components showed slight but systematic deviations from Gaussians at the start of cooling. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-024-00420-5 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stein, Stefan A1 - Weber, Simon A1 - Pilgermann, Michael A1 - Schrader, Thomas A1 - Sedlmayr, Martin T1 - A Novel Approach to Medical Device IT Security Landscape Analysis Leveraging Manufacturer Disclosure Statements JF - IEEE Access N2 - The growing number of cyberattacks targeting the healthcare sector increasingly threatens network-enabled medical devices that are vital for life-sustaining patient care. Security researchers and healthcare IT managers are pursuing effective methods to assess the IT security landscape of medical devices. Their goal is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the devices’ IT security status. Recent studies have successfully uncovered structural deficiencies in medical device security. However, the limitations of their data sources, particularly in evaluating features like logging capabilities and third-party libraries, restrict the scope of their findings. In this study, we present the first systematic analysis of Manufacturer Disclosure Statement for Medical Device Security (MDS2) documents to evaluate their use in creating holistic statements regarding the IT security posture of medical devices. We examined a total of 147 MDS2 documents encompassing devices from 105 different classes. Our findings indicate that MDS2 documents, especially those from the second version (2013) onwards, are suitable for this purpose. We also discuss the shortcomings of the latest MDS2 version in meeting current IT security requirements. Based on the gaps identified, we developed several recommendations to improve MDS2 documents and enhance their effectiveness across the global healthcare sector. In the future, these documents could be used not only for comprehensive landscape analyses but also for organization-specific reports, providing healthcare managers with direct insights into the IT security status within their institutions. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3487824 SN - 2169-3536 IS - 12 SP - 160506 EP - 160515 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Simon B. A1 - Feger, Marc A1 - Pilgermann, Michael T1 - Don't Stop Believin': A Unified Evaluation Approach for LLM Honeypots JF - IEEE Access N2 - The research area of honeypots is gaining new momentum, driven by advancements in large language models (LLMs). The chat-based applications of generative pretrained transformer (GPT) models seem ideal for the use as honeypot backends, especially in request-response protocols like Secure Shell (SSH). By leveraging LLMs, many challenges associated with traditional honeypots - such as high development costs, ease of exposure, and breakout risks - appear to be solved. While early studies have primarily focused on the potential of these models, our research investigates the current limitations of GPT-3.5 by analyzing three datasets of varying complexity. We conducted an expert annotation of over 1,400 request-response pairs, encompassing 230 different base commands. Our findings reveal that while GPT-3.5 struggles to maintain context, incorporating session context into response generation improves the quality of SSH responses. Additionally, we explored whether distinguishing between convincing and non-convincing responses is a metrics issue. We propose a paraphrase-mining approach to address this challenge, which achieved a macro F1 score of 77.85% using cosine distance in our evaluation. This method has the potential to reduce annotation efforts, converge LLM-based honeypot performance evaluation, and facilitate comparisons between new and previous approaches in future research. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3472460 IS - 12 SP - 144579 EP - 144587 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Katja A1 - Flassig, Peter A1 - Flassig, Robert T1 - Numerical Simulations and Sensitivity Analysis of Ice Formation on Fan Blades T2 - ASME Turbo Expo 2024: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, London, 2024 N2 - In-flight icing, the formation of ice during flight, poses risks to the safety and reliability of aircraft. Due to environmental conditions, ice accumulation occurs on the low-pressure compressor blades of an engine, diminishing aerodynamic performance and potentially causing damage to the engine. Numerical simulations of ice accretion are conducted on the blades of the NASA Rotor 67 utilizing the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS CFX and the in-flight icing software FENSAP-ICE. One-dimensional and two-dimensional sensitivity studies aim to analyze the influences of temperature, droplet diameter and liquid water content (LWC) on the resulting ice build-up on the blade. The analyses reveal that ice accumulates predominantly at the leading edge of the blade, where collection efficiency is maximal. Additionally, an ice layer forms at the blade root on the pressure side. While LWC and temperature exerts a significant influence on the ice mass, only a marginal impact on droplet diameter is observed. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-7918-8806-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2024-125715 PB - ASME ER - TY - INPR A1 - Heinl, Patrizia A1 - Patapovas, Andrius A1 - Pilgermann, Michael T1 - Towards AI-enabled Cyber Threat Assessment in the Health Sector N2 - Cyber attacks on the healthcare industry can have tremendous consequences and the attack surface expands continuously. In order to handle the steadily rising workload, an expanding amount of analog processes in healthcare institutions is digitized. Despite regulations becoming stricter, not all existing infrastructure is sufficiently protected against cyber attacks. With an increasing number of devices and digital processes, the system and network landscape becomes more complex and harder to manage and therefore also more difficult to protect. The aim of this project is to introduce an AI-enabled platform that collects security relevant information from the outside of a health organization, analyzes it, delivers a risk score and supports decision makers in healthcare institutions to optimize investment choices for security measures. Therefore, an architecture of such a platform is designed, relevant information sources are identified, and AI methods for relevant data collection, selection, and risk scoring are explored. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.12765 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Grunwald, Guido A1 - Schwill, Jürgen T1 - Workbook Marktforschung: Konzepte - Methoden - Umsetzung N2 - Sowohl für die eigene Durchführung von Marktforschungsstudien als auch für die Interpretation und Beurteilung von in Auftrag gegebenen Studien sind profunde Marktforschungskenntnisse unverzichtbar. Mit welcher Erhebungsmethode können Daten möglichst unverzerrt gewonnen werden? Wie ist das Erhebungsdesign festzulegen, um einen hohen Datenrücklauf zu erreichen? Wie können die Daten analysiert und interpretiert werden? Wie lässt sich die Qualität der Studie und der Ergebnisse einschätzen? Wie können die Ergebnisse zielgruppengerecht präsentiert werden? Das Workbook Marktforschung bietet Praktiker:innen und Studierenden einen schnellen Überblick über die Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Konzeption, Durchführung und Beurteilung von Marktforschungsstudien. Dabei werden die zentralen Methoden der qualitativen und quantitativen Forschung zur Erhebung und Analyse von Marktdaten abgedeckt. Die Tools werden in kompakt-strukturierter Form präsentiert und anhand von Beispielen erläutert. Zu jedem Tool gibt es hilfreiche Tipps für die praktische Umsetzung. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783791062495 PB - Schäffer-Poeschel CY - Stuttgart ET - 1 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Furbach, Ulrich A1 - Michaeli, Tilman A1 - Schmid, Ute A1 - Kitzelmann, Emanuel T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz für Lehrkräfte: Eine fachliche Einführung mit didaktischen Hinweisen Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783658442477 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4 PB - Springer ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Weber, Simon A1 - Pilgermann, Michael A1 - Stein, Stefan A1 - Schrader, Thomas T1 - SzA4Hosp - Systeme zur Angriffserkennung in der Medizinischen Versorgung N2 - Dieser Abschlussbericht stellt das Ergebnis der Projektarbeit über die Implementierung von Systemen zur Angriffserkennung (SzA) in deutschen Krankenhäusern im Kontext des IT-Sicherheitsgesetzes 2.0 und des branchenspezifischen Sicherheitsstandards (B3S) für die medizinische Versorgung dar. Ziel des Projekts war es, den aktuellen Umsetzungsstand von SzA in deutschen Krankenhäusern zu analysieren und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Weiterentwicklung des B3S zu erarbeiten. Die Analyse basiert auf einer umfangreichen Befragung von Krankenhausbetreibern, Expertengesprächen sowie der Auswertung relevanter nationaler und internationaler Standards und Good Practices. Die Ergebnisse zeigen deutliche Unterschiede im Reifegrad der SzA-Implementierung zwischen verschiedenen Bereichen, wobei die Informationstechnik branchenweit am fortgeschrittensten ist. Der Bericht bietet konkrete Vorschläge zur Verbesserung der IT-Sicherheitslage in Krankenhäusern und betont die Notwendigkeit kontinuierlicher Weiterentwicklungen der SzA-Systeme, um den steigenden Anforderungen der IT-Sicherheit in der stationären Versorgung gerecht zu werden. KW - Computersicherheit KW - Medizintechnik KW - Eindringerkennung KW - Kritische Infrastruktur KW - Krankenhaus KW - Kritische Informationsinfrastruktur KW - Intrusion Detection Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32075 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Bumberger, Jan A1 - Palm, Bert A1 - Remmler, Paul A1 - Schreck, Günter A1 - Ogashawara, Igor A1 - Kiel, Christine A1 - Kohnert, Katrin A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Singer, Gabirel A. A1 - Nejstgaard, Jens C. A1 - Wollrab, Sabine A1 - Berger, Stella A. A1 - Hölker, Franz T1 - Characterizing and Implementing the Hamamatsu C12880MA Mini-Spectrometer for Near-Surface Reflectance Measurements of Inland Waters JF - Sensors N2 - In recent decades, inland water remote sensing has seen growing interest and very strong development. This includes improved spatial resolution, increased revisiting times, advanced multispectral sensors and recently even hyperspectral sensors. However, inland waters are more challenging than oceanic waters due to their higher complexity of optically active constituents and stronger adjacency effects due to their small size and nearby vegetation and built structures. Thus, bio-optical modeling of inland waters requires higher ground-truthing efforts. Large-scale ground-based sensor networks that are robust, self-sufficient, non-maintenance-intensive and low-cost could assist this otherwise labor-intensive task. Furthermore, most existing sensor systems are rather expensive, precluding their employability. Recently, low-cost mini-spectrometers have become widely available, which could potentially solve this issue. In this study, we analyze the characteristics of such a mini-spectrometer, the Hamamatsu C12880MA, and test it regarding its application in measuring water-leaving radiance near the surface. Overall, the measurements performed in the laboratory and in the field show that the system is very suitable for the targeted application. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196445 VL - 24 IS - 19 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hagen, Dirk A1 - Hasche, Eberhard A1 - Creutzburg, Reiner M. T1 - The 300th anniversary of Immanuel Kant: opportunities and challenges of the mega-event with ethically oriented XR and VFX T2 - SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2024, National Harbor, Maryland, United States N2 - The 300th birthday of the world-famous German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) in 2024 offers an extraordinary opportunity to explore integrating advanced technologies into cultural mega-events. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of using various technologies, such as Extended Reality (XR) and Visual Effects (VFX), to bring this essential European intellectual to a broader audience. These technologies, including technological advances based on real-time rendering in conjunction with LED volumes and high-quality 3D assets, offer immersive and interactive event experiences. However, the use of these technologies presents specific challenges, such as processing limitations and the need to create specialized content, including the development of 3D models relevant to the life and philosophy of Immanuel Kant. This article provides an overview of the current state of such opportunities and challenges and examines their application in the context of this cultural mega-event. The aim is to create a compelling event experience, e.g., as part of a museum visit, while simultaneously using technology in a meaningful educational way. It is essential not to overload historical and intellectual personalities such as Immanuel Kant with technological possibilities in the sense of an ethical responsibility. At the same time, the creation and communication of knowledge require explanation in a museum context or another explanatory framework. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3025603 SP - 193 EP - 204 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ogashawara, Igor A1 - Wollrab, Sabine A1 - Berger, Stella A. A1 - Kiel, Christine A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Guislain, Alexis L. N. A1 - Gege, Peter A1 - Ruhtz, Thomas A1 - Hieronymi, Martin A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Singer, Gabriel A. A1 - Hölker, Franz A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Nejstgaard, Jens Christian T1 - Unleashing the power of remote sensing data in aquatic research: Guidelines for optimal utilization JF - Limnology and Oceanography Letters N2 - The growing utilization of remote sensing data in lake studies provides crucial spatial insights into biogeochemistry and biology. However, clarity regarding the development and intended use of remote sensing products is often lacking. This letter aims to elucidate the tradeoffs for the utilization of remote sensing data in limnological studies with an example of based on the estimation of chlorophyll a due to its importance as a water quality indicator. The analysis initiates with a meticulous product selection, requiring an evaluation of its capacity to address the optical complexity of freshwater systems. Assessing atmospheric correction and product limitations ensures alignment with the study's objectives. Subsequently, rigorous validation of remote sensing products is essential, accompanied by a cautious interpretation of the data. This letter advocates for the use of remote sensing data, offering key strategies for their optimal utilization in lake studies. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10427 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Trancón y Widemann, Baltasar A1 - Lepper, Markus ED - Ertl, M. Anton ED - Kirsch, Christoph M. T1 - Imagine There’s No Source Code: Replay Diagnostic Location Information in Dynamic EDSL Meta-programming T2 - MPLR 2024: Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Managed Programming Languages and Runtimes N2 - Programs in embedded domain-specific languages are realized as graphs of objects of the host language rather than as static input texts. This property enables dynamic meta-programming, but also makes it harder to attach location information to diagnostic messages that arise at a later stage, after the program graph construction. Thus, EDSL-generating expressions and algorithms can be difficult to debug. Here, we present a technique for transparently capturing and replaying location information about the origin of EDSL program objects. It has been implemented in the context of the LLJava-live EDSL-to-bytecode compiler framework on the JVM. The basic idea can be generalized to other contexts, and to any managed runtime environment with reified stack traces Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3679007.3685061 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fitz, Lukas R. G. A1 - Scheeg, Michaela A1 - Scheeg, Jochen T1 - Information, Inspiration, Innovation - Designing an Open Innovation Platform for SME Digital Transformation Projects T2 - CENTERIS – International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems / ProjMAN – International Conference on Project MANagement / HCist – International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies 2023 N2 - When small- and medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) pursue digital transformation (DT) projects, awareness for available solutions and exploration of best practices and collaboration opportunities belong to key activities. This short paper presents background, design and preliminary evaluation of an open innovation (OI) platform for SME DT, which showcases projects completed by collaborating expert institutions and offers new project pitches. Initial findings from user tests with SME practitioners indicate that the solution supports SMEs in DT exploration phases. Moreover, insights on SME OI platform design criteria are derived. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.276 SP - 11009 EP - 11114 PB - Elsevier ER -