@book{Brasche2023, author = {Brasche, Ulrich}, title = {Auf dem Weg zu mehr Klimagerechtigkeit Im B{\"u}ndnis mit dem Globalen S{\"u}den Widerst{\"a}nde {\"u}berwinden}, publisher = {oekom-Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-98726-045-2}, doi = {10.14512/9783987262746}, pages = {174 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Menschen sind im Anthropoz{\"a}n auf einer gef{\"a}hrlichen Reise. Das Ziel steht noch nicht fest. Die Ankunft in einem guten Leben f{\"u}r alle innerhalb planetarer Grenzen ist immer noch m{\"o}glich. Aber zurzeit f{\"u}hrt die Reise eher zu einer {\"U}berhitzung der Erde. Gesundheit und Leben w{\"a}ren dann f{\"u}r viele Lebewesen - auch f{\"u}r den Menschen - massiv gef{\"a}hrdet. Das Buch behandelt die Fragen: • Wie sind wir in diese Lage geraten? • In welcher Richtung k{\"o}nnen Auswege liegen? • Welche Hindernisse sind zu {\"u}berwinden? Es werden Strategien abgewogen und einige {\"u}berraschende B{\"u}ndnispartner identifiziert. Geschickt gestaltete M{\"a}rkte k{\"o}nnen helfen, die Erderw{\"a}rmung aufzuhalten. Nur in einer gleicheren und gerechteren Welt k{\"o}nnten alle Menschen gut, aber bescheidener leben. Die Alternative dazu w{\"a}re eine {\"u}bererhitzte, gef{\"a}hrliche Welt. Eine gute Entwicklung ist noch m{\"o}glich. Sie erfordert eine globale Transformation von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Die wohlhabenden Staaten sind gut beraten, die Interessen des „Globalen S{\"u}dens" und der k{\"u}nftigen Generationen zu respektieren - auch durch den klugen Einsatz erheblicher Finanzmittel und eine Kooperation auf Augenh{\"o}he.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RevinaKalabinaBelyak2023, author = {Revina, Aleksandra and Kalabina, Elena and Belyak, Olga}, title = {Employee Engagement and Soft Skills in the Digitalization of the Economy. Preliminary Study Results}, series = {Kumar, V., Kyriakopoulos, G.L., Akberdina, V., Kuzmin, E. (eds) Digital Transformation in Industry . DTI 2022. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 61. Springer, Cham}, booktitle = {Kumar, V., Kyriakopoulos, G.L., Akberdina, V., Kuzmin, E. (eds) Digital Transformation in Industry . DTI 2022. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 61. Springer, Cham}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-30351-7_34}, pages = {467 -- 479}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The fast-paced digitalization and automation make hard skills acquired by employees in their academic study programs outdated and irrelevant very fast. Hence, researchers and practitioners have recently demonstrated a growing interest in studying soft skills in various settings, including leadership, education, and training. Additionally, in times of digital transformation, businesses are promoting employee engagement evermore, particularly in the present context of crises and instability. The research intends to investigate this issue from the viewpoint of employee soft skills. We specifically look into the link between employees' soft skills and workplace engagement. While doing our research in two different countries, we distinguish between commercial and non-commercial organizations as well as add an international perspective. Based on an acknowledged European skills framework, we focus our study on such soft skills as teamwork, communication, and conflict management and use recognized surveys to quantify them. We use a well-known Gallup methodology to evaluate employee engagement. Using correlation analysis, we investigate the impact of the three selected skills on employee engagement while considering the organization type and country, factors that may play an important role in the digital transformation of businesses and companies.}, language = {en} } @article{MansoorSchwarzCreutzburg2023, author = {Mansoor, Nazneen and Schwarz, Klaus and Creutzburg, Rainer}, title = {Importance of OSINT/SOCMINT for modern disaster management evaluation - Australia, Haiti, Japan}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, volume = {35}, journal = {Electronic Imaging}, number = {3}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS\&T)}, doi = {10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-354}, pages = {354-1 -- 354-14}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Open-source technologies (OSINT) and Social Media Intelligence (SOCMINT) are becoming increasingly popular with investigative and government agencies, intelligence services, media companies, and corporations. These OSINT and SOCMINT technologies use sophisticated techniques and special tools to efficiently analyze the continually growing sources of information. There is a great need for training and further education in the OSINT field worldwide. This report describes the importance of open source or social media intelligence for evaluating disaster management. It also gives an overview of the government work in Australia, Haiti, and Japan for disaster management using various OSINT tools and platforms. Thus, decision support for using OSINT and SOCMINT tools is given, and the necessary training needs for investigators can be better estimated.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-3251, title = {Jahrbuch 2022/2023 der Absolventinnen und Absolventen}, editor = {Wilms, Andreas}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32514}, pages = {80}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{VishnevskayaSchwarzCreutzburg2023, author = {Vishnevskaya, Valeria and Schwarz, Klaus and Creutzburg, Reiner}, title = {Practical OSINT investigation - Similarity calculation using Reddit user profile data}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, volume = {35}, journal = {Electronic Imaging}, number = {3}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS\&T)}, doi = {10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-356}, pages = {356-1 -- 356-10}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This paper presents a practical Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) use case for user similarity measurements with the use of open profile data from the Reddit social network. This PoC work combines the open data from Reddit and the part of the state-of-the-art BERT model. Using the PRAW Python library, the project fetches comments and posts of users. Then these texts are converted into a feature vector - representation of all user posts and comments. The main idea here is to create a comparable user's pair similarity score based on their comments and posts. For example, if we fix one user and calculate scores of all mutual pairs with other users, we will produce a total order on the set of all mutual pairs with that user. This total order can be described as a degree of written similarity with this chosen user. A set of "similar" users for one particular user can be used to recommend to the user interesting for him people. The similarity score also has a "transitive property": if \$user_1\$ is "similar" to \$user_2\$ and \$user_2\$ is similar to \$user_3\$ then inner properties of our model guarantees that \$user_1\$ and \$user_3\$ are pretty "similar" too. In this way, this score can be used to cluster a set of users into sets of "similar" users. It could be used in some recommendation algorithms or tune already existing algorithms to consider a cluster's peculiarities. Also, we can extend our model and calculate feature vectors for subreddits. In that way, we can find similar to the user's subreddits and recommend them to him.}, language = {en} } @article{SkylarSchwarzCreutzburg2023, author = {Skylar, Artem and Schwarz, Klaus and Creutzburg, Reiner}, title = {Practical OSINT investigation in Twitter utilizing AI-based aggressiveness analysis}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, volume = {35}, journal = {Electronic Imaging}, number = {3}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS\&T)}, doi = {10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-355}, pages = {355-1 -- 355-15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Open-source intelligence is gaining popularity due to the rapid development of social networks. There is more and more information in the public domain. One of the most popular social networks is Twitter. It was chosen to analyze the dependence of changes in the number of likes, reposts, quotes and retweets on the aggressiveness of the post text for a separate profile, as this information can be important not only for the owner of the channel in the social network, but also for other studies that in some way influence user accounts and their behavior in the social network. Furthermore, this work includes a detailed analysis and evaluation of the Tweety library capabilities and situations in which it can be effectively applied. Lastly, this work includes the creation and description of a compiled neural network whose purpose is to predict changes in the number of likes, reposts, quotes, and retweets from the aggressiveness of the post text for a separate profile.}, language = {en} } @article{NarasimhanBhosalePervezetal.2023, author = {Narasimhan, Pranesh Kumar and Bhosale, Chinmay and Pervez, Muhammad Hasban and Naqvi, Najiba Zainab and Ecevit, Mert Ilhan and Schwarz, Klaus and Creutzburg, Reiner}, title = {Open-source Intelligence (OSINT) investigation in Facebook}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, volume = {35}, journal = {Electronic Imaging}, number = {3}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS\&T)}, doi = {10.2352/EI.2023.35.3.MOBMU-357}, pages = {357-1 -- 357-12}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) has come a long way, and it is still developing ideas, and lots of investigations are yet to happen in the near future. The main essential requirement for all the OSINT investigations is the information that is valuable data from a good source. This paper discusses various tools and methodologies related to Facebook data collection and analyzes part of the collected data. At the end of the paper, the reader will get a deep and clear insight into the available techniques, tools, and descriptions about tools that are present to scrape the data out of the Facebook platform and the types of investigations and analyses that the gathered data can do.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TetzlaffPurohitSpalleketal.2023, author = {Tetzlaff, Laura and Purohit, Anne-Maria and Spallek, Jacob and Holmberg, Christine and Schrader, Thomas}, title = {Evaluating Interoperability in German Critical Incident Reporting Systems}, series = {German Medical Data Sciences 2023 - Science. Close to People. Proceedings of the 68th Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (gmds) 2023, Heilbronn, Germany}, booktitle = {German Medical Data Sciences 2023 - Science. Close to People. Proceedings of the 68th Annual Meeting of the German Association of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology e.V. (gmds) 2023, Heilbronn, Germany}, publisher = {IOS Press}, doi = {10.3233/SHTI230722}, pages = {249 -- 257}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In industrialised countries, one in ten patients suffers harm during hospitalization. Critical Incident Reporting Systems (CIRS) aim to minimize this by learning from errors and identifying potential risks. However, a lack of interoperability among the 16 CIRS in Germany hampers their effectiveness.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MarkgrafDietrichMuelleretal.2023, author = {Markgraf, Klaus and Dietrich, Benjamin and M{\"u}ller, Katja and Flassig, Robert and Flassig, Peter}, title = {FINEconcepts - Wissenstransfer und Energiesystemoptimierung mithilfe des digitalen Zwillings}, series = {NWK, HS Harz, 2023}, booktitle = {NWK, HS Harz, 2023}, publisher = {HS Harz}, pages = {428 -- 435}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Climate change, but also geopolitical circumstances, are moving topics such as energy efficiency and renewable energies more and more into the focus of the population, economy , and politics. As a result, the will to optimize new and existing energy systems extends from private individuals to companies and even entire communities. This work describes the development and usage of a new software called FINEconcepts which creates a digital twin of an energy system. This virtual model can then be used to optimize the energy system based on annual costs, CO2 emissions or other relevant criteria such as self-sufficiency. Because all system components, which include renewable technologies as well, can be added as a building block with chosen but changeable parameters, the software allows the user to explore and awaken interest and understanding of technologies that were previously considered too costly, irrelevant, or unrealistic. Implemented projects in small and large companies as well as in residential areas did prove, that the usage of FINEconcepts leads not only to more efficient energy systems by increasing the use of renewable energy, but also increased knowledge and understanding in terms of energy. Besides economics, ecology and security, understanding is an equally important factor in achieving a sustainable energy supply.}, language = {en} } @article{Guterding2023, author = {Guterding, Daniel}, title = {Sparse Modeling Approach to the Arbitrage-Free Interpolation of Plain-Vanilla Option Prices and Implied Volatilities}, series = {Risks}, journal = {Risks}, number = {11 (5)}, publisher = {MDPI AG}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11050083}, pages = {24}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We present a method for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, which is based on a system of integral equations that relates terminal density and option prices. Using a discretization of the terminal density, we write these integral equations as a system of linear equations. We show that the kernel matrix of this system is, in general, ill-conditioned, so that it cannot be solved for the discretized density using a naive approach. Instead, we construct a sparse model for the kernel matrix using singular value decomposition (SVD), which allows us not only to systematically improve the condition number of the kernel matrix, but also determines the computational effort and accuracy of our method. In order to allow for the treatment of realistic inputs that may contain arbitrage, we reformulate the system of linear equations as an optimization problem, in which the SVD-transformed density minimizes the error between the input prices and the arbitrage-free prices generated by our method. To further stabilize the method in the presence of noisy input prices or arbitrage, we apply an 𝐿1-regularization to the SVD-transformed density. Our approach, which is inspired by recent progress in theoretical physics, offers a flexible and efficient framework for the arbitrage-free interpolation of plain-vanilla option prices and implied volatilities, without the need to explicitly specify a stochastic process, expansion basis functions or any other kind of model. We demonstrate the capabilities of our method in a number of artificial and realistic test cases.}, language = {en} } @article{XuShimizuGuterdingetal.2023, author = {Xu, Han-Xiang and Shimizu, Makoto and Guterding, Daniel and Otsuki, Junya and Jeschke, Harald O.}, title = {Pressure evolution of electronic structure and magnetism in the layered van der Waals ferromagnet CrGeTe3}, series = {Physical Review B}, journal = {Physical Review B}, number = {Vol. 108}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.125142}, pages = {15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Layered van der Waals ferromagnets, which preserve their magnetic properties down to exfoliated monolayers, are fueling an abundance of fundamental research and nanoscale device demonstration. CrGeTe3 is a prime example of this class of materials. Its temperature-pressure phase diagram features an insulator-to-metal transition and a significant increase in ferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperatures upon entering the metallic state. We use density functional theory to understand the magnetic exchange interactions in CrGeTe3 at ambient and elevated pressures. We calculate Heisenberg exchange couplings, which provide the correct ferromagnetic ground state and explain the experimentally observed pressure dependence of magnetism in CrGeTe3. Furthermore, we combine density functional theory with dynamical mean-field theory to investigate the effects of electronic correlations and the nature of the high-pressure metallic state in CrGeTe3.}, language = {en} } @misc{DasChaurasiaMandaletal.2023, author = {Das, Atanu and Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar and Mandal, Gopi K. and Goecke, Sven-Frithjof and De, Amitava}, title = {Sample calculations to estimate joint distortion based on the published article "Analytical Estimation of Thermomechanical Distortion and Interface Layer Thickness for Gas Metal Arc Lap Joining of Dissimilar Sheets"}, year = {2023}, abstract = {A sample set of calculations is presented in this supplemental document to analytically estimate joint distortion for gas metal arc lap joining of aluminum and steel thin sheets following the published article "Analytical Estimation of Thermomechanical Distortion and Interface Layer Thickness for Gas Metal Arc Lap Joining of Dissimilar Sheets"}, language = {en} } @article{DasChaurasiaMandaletal.2023, author = {Das, Atanu and Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar and Mandal, Gopi K. and Goecke, Sven-Frithjof and De, Amitava}, title = {Analytical estimation of thermomechanical distortion and interface layer thickness for gas metal arc lap joining of dissimilar sheets}, series = {Welding in the World}, journal = {Welding in the World}, number = {76/2023}, publisher = {Springer Link}, issn = {432288}, doi = {10.1007/s40194-01426-x}, pages = {33 -- 49}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{ChaurasiaGoeckeDe2023, author = {Chaurasia, Prashtan Kumar and Goecke, Sven-Frithjof and De, Amitava}, title = {Monitoring melt pool asymmetry in gas metal arc-directed energy deposition}, series = {Science and Technology of Welding and Joining}, journal = {Science and Technology of Welding and Joining}, number = {Augabe 5/ Band 28}, publisher = {Taylor and Fracis}, issn = {1362-1718 (PRINT)}, doi = {10.1080/13621718.2023.2168933}, pages = {424 -- 432}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{KuznetsovFroripSuenteretal.2023, author = {Kuznetsov, Arthur and Frorip, Aleksandr and S{\"u}nter, Alar and Kasvand, Nensi and Korsakov, Vadim and Konoplev, Georgii and Stepanova, Oksana and Rusalepp, Linda and Anton, Dea and P{\"u}ssa, T{\~o}nu and Roasto, Mati and Abramova, Liubov and Kozin, Andrey and Toom, Lauri and Hirsch, S{\"o}ren and Mukhin, Nikolay}, title = {Fast Protein and Metabolites (Nucleotides and Nucleosides) Liquid Chromatography Technique and Chemical Sensor for the Assessment of Fish and Meat Freshness}, series = {Chemosensors}, journal = {Chemosensors}, number = {1/2023 / Band 11}, editor = {mdpi,}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2227-9040}, doi = {10.3390/chemosensors11010069}, pages = {69}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Fast protein and metabolite liquid chromatography (FPLMC) was introduced years ago to enable the easy separation of high-molecular compounds such as proteins from small molecules and the identification of the low-molecular substances. In this paper, the method is applied for the rapid evaluation of freshness and monitoring the aging of animal meat and fish. A novel chromatographic sensor was developed with a deep UV LED-based photometric detection unit (255-265 nm), an original flow cuvette and registration scheme; the processing of a chromatogram with the sensor takes approximately 15 min. Strict isochronism between the elution of ATP metabolites, mainly hypoxanthine (Hx) and inosine monophosphate (IMP), and the time of maturation of meat or fish, was discovered. A new freshness index H* = [Hx]/[IMP] was introduced, which is proportional to the instrumental delay time in the FPMLC chromatograms: the H* index < 0.5 indicates the presence of inosine monophosphate (IMP) and the high quality of the meat or fish. Reasonably strong correlations were revealed between data obtained by FPMLC and total volatile basic nitrogen TVB-N (for fish) or volatile fatty acids VFA (for meat) content. Moreover, putative nucleotide salvage and an increase in the concentration of IMP were observed in fish after heat treatment using the FPMLC sensor and NMR technique.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{WendzelCaviglioneMazurczyketal.2023, author = {Wendzel, Steffen and Caviglione, Luca and Mazurczyk, Wojciech and Mileva, Aleksandra and Dittmann, Jana and Kr{\"a}tzer, Christian and Lamsh{\"o}ft, Kevin and Vielhauer, Claus and Hartmann, Laura and Keller, J{\"o}rg and Neubert, Tom and Zillien, Sebastian}, title = {A Generic Taxonomy for Steganography Methods}, doi = {10.36227/techrxiv.20215373.v1}, year = {2023}, abstract = {A unified understanding of terms and their applicability is essential for every scientific discipline: steganography is no exception. Being divided into several domains (for instance, text steganography, digital media steganography, and network steganography), it is crucial to provide a unified terminology as well as a taxonomy that is not limited to some specific applications or areas. A prime attempt towards a unified understanding of terms was conducted in 2015 with the introduction of a pattern-based taxonomy for network steganography. Six years later, in 2021, the first work towards a pattern-based taxonomy for steganography was proposed. However, this initial attempt still faced several shortcomings, e.g., the lack of patterns for several steganography domains (the work mainly focused on network steganography and covert channels), various terminology issues, and the need of providing a tutorial on how the taxonomy can be used during engineering and scientific tasks, including the paper-writing process.
As the consortium who published this initial 2021-study on steganography patterns, in this paper we present the first comprehensive pattern-based taxonomy tailored to fit all known domains of steganography, including smaller and emerging areas, such as filesystem steganography and cyber-physical systems steganography. Besides, to make our contribution more effective and promote the use of the taxonomy to advance research on steganography, we also provide a thorough tutorial on its utilization.
Our pattern collection is available at https://patterns.ztt.hs-worms.de.
}, language = {en} } @incollection{LevinaMattern2023, author = {Levina, Olga and Mattern, Saskia}, title = {Ethical and Legal Analysis of Machine Learning Based Systems: A Scenario Analysis of a Food Recommender System}, series = {Recommender Systems: Legal and Ethical Issues}, booktitle = {Recommender Systems: Legal and Ethical Issues}, isbn = {978-3-031-34806-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-34804-4_9}, pages = {165 -- 185}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Laws are the reflection of the ethical and moral principles of the society. While the use of technology influences users' behavior in a pace that is affected by the technology introduction to the market, legal activities can be driven by the society as the results of such interactions. This scenario analysis- based research focuses on a classic but fictional food recommender system and the ethical issues that might occur from its usage. The recommender system is taken here as an example of machine learning-based systems (MLS) that can often be found in the individual, business and administrative applications. The research compares the existing legal solutions, with the focus on the GDPR legislation, and the discovered ethical issues. The ethical analysis is led along the ALTAI principles suggested by the European Commission, the common good approach as well as the general principles constituted in human rights. While the GDPR-based analysis showed that this data- and privacy-based legislation addressed most of the identified ethical issues, questions related to the common good approach in the context of environment and mobility that arise due to the wide spectrum of the MLS usage require further legal discussion. The application of the two approaches shows that conducting the ethical and legal analysis is beneficial for both the designers of such MLS as well as the legal actors. The findings can enhance the design and functions of a user-facing MLS as well as influence or validate legal activities.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2023, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Operationalizing Ethics for Information Systems Design - A Tool for Ethical Software}, series = {Konferenz: Twenty-ninth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Panama, 2023}, booktitle = {Konferenz: Twenty-ninth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Panama, 2023}, pages = {4}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Propagation of information technology in the increasingly diverse domains, raises question concerning moral implications. While the number of ethical principles in the IT design is growing, they do not necessarily apply to specific products, which means developers and e.g. purchasing agent need to contextualize them for each specific IT product. This paper describes an actionable artifact that allows assessment of ethical non-functional requirements of an information system through operationalization of ethical values, Ethical Software Assessment Tool (ESAT). It is based on a survey of values that are currently considered in research and practice as well as in legal initiatives in IT context. The ethical approach and principles operationalized in ESAT are presented and discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{NagelSchminderMieke2023, author = {Nagel, Michael and Schminder, Christian and Mieke, Christian}, title = {Sachbezogenes Verhandeln als Methode im Zielbildungsprozess von innovationsorientierten Public Private Partnerships.}, series = {Ideen- und Innovationsmanagement}, journal = {Ideen- und Innovationsmanagement}, number = {2}, editor = {Erich Schmidt Verlag,}, publisher = {Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH \& Co}, issn = {2198-3151}, doi = {10.37307/j.2198-3151.2022.02.07}, pages = {72 -- 77}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @misc{WeberSteinPilgermannetal.2023, author = {Weber, Simon and Stein, Stefan and Pilgermann, Michael and Schrader, Thomas}, title = {Attack Detection for Medical Cyber- Physical Systems - The Visualization}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-2914}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-29142}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Attack Detection for Medical Cyber-Physical Systems - The Visualization}, language = {en} } @techreport{MaurerJohannsenPochanke2023, author = {Maurer, Robert and Johannsen, Andreas and Pochanke, Oliver}, title = {Analyse der Trends und Alternativen zur Online-Pr{\"a}senz als Kommunikationskanal von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen durch den Einsatz von Plattformen}, series = {Schriften des Instituts f{\"u}r Betriebliche Integration und Digitalisierung (IBID)}, volume = {11}, journal = {Schriften des Instituts f{\"u}r Betriebliche Integration und Digitalisierung (IBID)}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, issn = {2198-090X}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-2885}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-28853}, pages = {VI, 25 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Digitalisierung ist eine der Herausforderungen der heutigen Zeit. Einhergehend mit der Zunahme der Nutzung des Internets in vielen Lebensbereichen steigt auch die Wichtigkeit f{\"u}r Unternehmen, einen repr{\"a}sentativen Auftritt zu etablieren. F{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen bedeutet das Betreiben und Pflegen einer Onlinepr{\"a}senz oftmals einen hohen finanziellen und zeitlichen Aufwand. Ziel des vorliegenden Arbeitspapiers ist es, kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen eine Alternative zu herk{\"o}mmlichen Content Management Systemen darzulegen und sie bei der Entscheidungsfindung zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde der methodische Ansatz einer Literatur- und Internetrecherche verwendet. Aus der Analyse konnten drei Online Business Plattformen identifiziert, sowie deren Vor- und Nachteile gegen{\"u}ber Content Management Systemen dargestellt werden. Anschließend wurden Kriterien definiert und Empfehlungen dargelegt, welche kleine und mittlere Unternehmen im Entscheidungsprozess unterst{\"u}tzen sollen. Letztlich wurden die Einrichtung sowie die wichtigsten Funktionen einer Plattform dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nutzung einer Onlineplattform f{\"u}r lokal begrenze Unternehmen mit geringen Anforderungen an die Funktionalit{\"a}t und hoher Kostensensibilit{\"a}t eine sinnvolle Alternative ist. Abschließend wurde anhand des realen Fallbeispiels „Google My Business" (seit 2022: „Google Business Profile") auf die Funktionen sowie Vorteile und M{\"o}glichkeiten einer solchen Plattform eingegangen.}, subject = {Online-Marketing}, language = {de} } @misc{StockhausenJohannsenMaurer2023, author = {Stockhausen, Pablo and Johannsen, Andreas and Maurer, Robert}, title = {Machine-Learning Verfahren f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Letzte-Meile-Logistik}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag entwickelt ein Konzept zur praktischen Umsetzung eines Machine- Learning Verfahrens zum L{\"o}sen von Vehicle Routing Problemen im Kontext einer nachhaltigen "Letzte-Meile"-Logistik, welches durch einen Prototyp umgesetzt und getestet wurde. Der Prototyp basiert auf dem "Reinforcement Learning"-System und verwendet als Algorithmus "REINFORCE mit Baseline". In einer Vergleichsanalyse wurde der Prototyp mit dem bekannten Vertreter Google-OR, anhand von zwei Anwendungsszenarien, verglichen. Der Prototyp {\"u}berzeugt dabei in der Laufzeit und dem Automatismus. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass eine Verwendung von Lernenden-Systemen f{\"u}r das Vehicle Routing Problem sich bei nur bei einem gr{\"o}ßeren Stoppvolumen und einer erweiterten IT-Infrastruktur empfiehlt.}, language = {de} } @article{Johannsen2023, author = {Johannsen, Andreas}, title = {ERP-Einf{\"u}hrung - Bewertung einer Standardimplementierungsmethode f{\"u}r SAP Business One}, series = {ERP Management}, journal = {ERP Management}, publisher = {GITO Verlag}, issn = {1860-6725}, pages = {19 -- 22}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Frosch2023, author = {Frosch, Katharina}, title = {Scan to Learn: A Lightweight Approach for Informal Mobile Micro-Learning at the Workplace}, series = {Konferenz: IARIA The Fifteenth International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, and On-line Learning; Venice (Italy)}, booktitle = {Konferenz: IARIA The Fifteenth International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, and On-line Learning; Venice (Italy)}, publisher = {IARIA}, isbn = {978-1-68558-081-0}, pages = {53 -- 61}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Informal learning at the workplace is a crucial ingredient in updating and upskilling today's workforce, but in many jobs, informal learning opportunities are scarce. Bite-sized learning via mobile devices (Mobile Micro-Learning, MML) can be a powerful means to enhance informal work-related learning also in such learning-deprived fields. Based on good practices of recent MML implementations, a lightweight approach is developed. It involves an instructional blueprint and an open-source, low-threshold technology for MML, and meets the specific needs of workers in learning-deprived fields. The main idea is a scan-to-learn system where Quick Response (QR) codes are attached to physical objects in the work environment. Workers can scan the QR codes to learn and are directed to short, interactive learning nuggets. For evaluation, a proof-of-concept is provided.}, language = {en} } @article{StannariusHarth2023, author = {Stannarius, Ralf and Harth, Kirsten}, title = {The structure of disintegrating defect clusters in smectic C freely suspended films}, series = {Soft Matter}, journal = {Soft Matter}, number = {19}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sm00808h}, pages = {6109 -- 6115}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Disclinations or disclination clusters in smectic C freely suspended films with topological charges larger than one are unstable. They disintegrate, preferably in a spatially symmetric fashion, into single defects with individual charges of +1, which is the smallest positive topological charge allowed in polar vector fields. While the opposite process of defect annihilation is well-defined by the initial defect positions, disintegration starts from a singular state and the following scenario including the emerging regular defect patterns must be selected by specific mechanisms. We analyze experimental data and compare them with a simple model where the defect clusters adiabatically pass quasi-equilibrium solutions in one-constant approximation. It is found that the defects arrange in geometrical patterns that correspond very closely to superimposed singular defect solutions, without additional director distortions. The patterns expand by affine transformations where all distances between individual defects scale with the same time-dependent scaling factor proportional to the square-root of time.}, language = {en} } @article{KloppTrittelHarthetal.2023, author = {Klopp, Christoph and Trittel, Torsten and Harth, Kirsten and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Coalescence of biphasic droplets embedded in free standing smectic A films}, series = {Soft Matter}, volume = {20}, journal = {Soft Matter}, number = {5}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, issn = {1744-683X}, doi = {10.1039/d3sm01549a}, pages = {1036 -- 1046}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We investigate micrometer-sized flat droplets consisting of an isotropic core surrounded by a nematic rim in freely suspended smectic A liquid-crystal films. In contrast to purely isotropic droplets which are characterized by a sharp edge and no long-range interactions, the nematic fringe introduces a continuous film thickness change resulting in long-range mutual attraction of droplets. The coalescence scenario is divided in two phases. The first one consists in the fusion of the nematic regions. The second phase involves the dissolution of a thin nematic film between the two isotropic cores. The latter has many similarities with the rupture of thin liquid films between droplets coalescing in an immiscible viscous liquid. Coalescence of biphasic droplets in free-standing smectic films is controlled in part by the rupture of a thin nematic membrane separating the isotropic droplet cores.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StockhausenJohannsenMaurer2023, author = {Stockhausen, Pablo and Johannsen, Andreas and Maurer, Robert}, title = {Konzeption eines Machine-Learnings-Verfahrens zum L{\"o}sen von Green Vehicle Routing Problemen}, series = {Konferenz: Informatik 2022, Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Bonn, 2022/ Konferenzband: Informatik 2022 Fachtagung vom 26.-30. September 2022, Hamburg/ Band: P-326}, booktitle = {Konferenz: Informatik 2022, Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Bonn, 2022/ Konferenzband: Informatik 2022 Fachtagung vom 26.-30. September 2022, Hamburg/ Band: P-326}, editor = {Krupka, Daniel and Federrath, Hannes and Demmler, Daniel}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-88579-720-3}, doi = {10.18420/inf2022_75}, pages = {885 -- 897}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{FitzVeldyaevaTeutenbergetal.2023, author = {Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Veldyaeva, Ekaterina and Teutenberg, Lukas and Scheeg, Michaela and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {Puzzle away the Puzzledness: Action-Design Study of an Educational Escape Room for Intervention in SMEs' Perception towards ICT Adoption}, series = {Konferenz: 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS); Honolulu, HI, USA}, booktitle = {Konferenz: 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS); Honolulu, HI, USA}, isbn = {978-0-9981331-7-1}, doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2024.642}, pages = {5347 -- 5356}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Digital transformation initiatives in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are often hampered by individual practitioners' perceptions of information and communication technology (ICT). This research employs an educational escape room (ER) game for an intervention towards informed decision-making on ICT adoption in SMEs. ER design and implementation are elaborated and consequently tested with SME practitioners, all embedded in an action-design study based on a qualitative research methodology. The result highlights a trade-off between creating immersive game experiences and achieving learning objectives. Still, the outcome implies an impact on players' perception of ICT integrated in the ER. The findings contribute to the emerging field of serious games for learning and shed light on the potential of game-based interventions for SMEs.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FitzScheeg2023, author = {Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {What is Digital about Digital Innovation? An Ontological Discussion of Digitality}, series = {Konferenz: 29th Americas Conference on Information Systems}, booktitle = {Konferenz: 29th Americas Conference on Information Systems}, publisher = {Panama City, Panama}, year = {2023}, abstract = {"Digital" is a popular adjective for concepts related to electronic, computerized or networked processes in current research and practice. From an ontological-theoretical perspective, the prevalence of digital things triggers the question, how Digitality itself could be conceptualized. This article studies the ontology of Digitality and consequently discusses Digital Innovation (DI) from a new perspective. First, literature on Digitality is analyzed. Based on the findings, an ontological conceptual framework of Digitality (OCFD) is proposed. It describes four layers of Digitality: physical foundations, virtuality, digital culture and world, and digital metaphysics. From a human perspective, requirements to grasp and embody Digitality are highlighted, as well as the expansion of reality. Finally, Digitality is discussed as a paradigm of DI and exemplary digital phenomena are projected onto the OCFD. This paper contributes to DI research and practice through theory-building towards a better understanding of ontological characteristics and practical implications of Digitality in DI.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VeldyaevaFitzScheeg2023, author = {Veldyaeva, Ekaterina and Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {Developing Digital Competencies in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Through Microlearning Applications: A Research Agenda}, series = {Konferenz: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research 22nd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2023, Ascoli Piceno, Italy, September 13-15, 2023, Proceedings}, booktitle = {Konferenz: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research 22nd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2023, Ascoli Piceno, Italy, September 13-15, 2023, Proceedings}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-43126-5_7}, pages = {41 -- 58}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This article presents a research outline on the use of microlearning applications to develop digital competencies in Small and Medium-sized Enter-prises (SMEs). The digital transformation of businesses has become essential for their survival, and SMEs need to develop digital competencies (DC) to remain competitive in the market. Microlearning (ML), a form of learning that involves small, bite-sized learning modules, has been gaining popularity in recent years as a way to efficiently and effectively develop skills. Through a semi-systematic literature review approach, our study examines prevalent knowledge in the area of ML and DC and discusses interrelations. As a result, we propose a research roadmap consisting of six research questions targeting four dimensions of ML for DC development in SMEs: 1) context, 2) formats, 3) reward system, and 4) complexity level.}, language = {en} } @incollection{FitzScheeg2023, author = {Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {Small Businesses Participating in Digital Platform Ecosystems - A Descriptive Literature Review}, series = {Digital Transformation. PLAIS EuroSymposium 2023. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, booktitle = {Digital Transformation. PLAIS EuroSymposium 2023. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-43590-4_3}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The emergence of digital multi-sided platforms has disrupted day-to-day business in many industries. Nowadays, many small businesses participate in digital platform (DP) ecosystems and act as value creators or complementors. Investigating the small business perspective does not have a rich tradition in platform research yet. In response, this paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) analyzing the thematic points of focus and highlighting new avenues for information systems and small business research. We find that objectives related to digital transformation, digital strategy- and business model-development, and DP adoption are fundamental topics in the conjunction of small business and DP ecosystems. Based on the findings, an agenda for future research is developed, including propositions for practice-oriented and human-centered approaches fostering sustilience, innovation capabilities and digital leadership competencies in small businesses facing DP ecosystem participation.}, language = {en} } @article{WeberSteinPilgermannetal.2023, author = {Weber, Simon B. and Stein, Stefan and Pilgermann, Michael and Schrader, Thomas}, title = {Attack Detection for Medical Cyber-Physical Systems - A Systematic Literature Review}, series = {IEEE Access}, journal = {IEEE Access}, number = {11}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3270225}, pages = {41796 -- 41815}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The threat situation due to cyber attacks in hospitals is emerging and patient life is at risk. One significant source of potential vulnerabilities is medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS). Detecting intrusions in this environment faces challenges different from other domains, mainly due to the heterogeneity of devices, the diversity of connectivity types, and the variety of terminology. To summarize existing results, we conducted a structured literature review (SLR) following the guidelines of Kitchenham et al. for SLRs in software engineering. We developed six research questions regarding detection approach, detection location, included features, adversarial focus, utilized datasets, and intrusion prevention. We identified that most researchers focused on an anomaly-based detection approach at the network layer. The primary focus was on the detection of malicious insiders. While several researchers used publicly available datasets for training and testing their algorithms, the lack of suitable datasets resulted in the development of testbeds consisting of various medical devices. Based on the results, we formulated five future research topics. First, the special conditions of hospital networks, the MCPS deployed within them, and the contrasts to other IT and OT environments should be examined. Thereupon, MCPS-specific datasets should be created that allow researchers to address the health domain's unique requirements and possibilities. At the same time, endeavors aimed at standardization in this area should be supported and expanded. Moreover, the use of medical context for attack detection should be further explored. Last but not least, efforts for MCPS-tailored intrusion prevention should be intensified. This way, the emerging threat landscape can be addressed, IT security in hospitals can be improved, and patient health can be protected.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Nitze2023, author = {Nitze, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Future-proofing Education: A Prototype for Simulating Oral Examinations Using Large Language Models}, publisher = {arXiv}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2401.06160}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This study explores the impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) in higher education, focusing on an automated oral examination simulation using a prototype. The design considerations of the prototype are described, and the system is evaluated with a select group of educators and students. Technical and pedagogical observations are discussed. The prototype proved to be effective in simulating oral exams, providing personalized feedback, and streamlining educators' workloads. The promising results of the prototype show the potential for LLMs in democratizing education, inclusion of diverse student populations, and improvement of teaching quality and efficiency.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LepperOehlerKinzleretal.2023, author = {Lepper, Markus and Oehler, Michael and Kinzler, Hartmuth and Tranc{\´o}n y Widemann, Baltasar}, title = {Mathematische Remodellierung zur Erforschung der exakten Semantik einfacher konventioneller Notationssysteme}, series = {Notation. Schnittstelle zwischen Komposition, Interpretation und Analyse. 19. Jahreskongress der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Musiktheorie Z{\"u}rich 2019 (GMTH Proceedings 2019)}, booktitle = {Notation. Schnittstelle zwischen Komposition, Interpretation und Analyse. 19. Jahreskongress der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Musiktheorie Z{\"u}rich 2019 (GMTH Proceedings 2019)}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Musiktheorie (GMTH) e.V.}, doi = {10.31751/p.257}, pages = {69 -- 85}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Das Projekt semPart - Semantik der Partitur versucht, durch {\"U}bertragung von Methoden der Informatik auf die musikalische Notation exakte Aussagen {\"u}ber deren Semantik zu erzielen. Dies geschieht durch Remodellierung, also durch das Erstellen kleiner mathematischer Modelle, die jeweils das historisch-kulturell bestimmte Dekodieren von isolierten Parameter-Schichten eines Notates nachbilden. Erstes wichtiges Ergebnis ist, dass es in keinem Bereich jemals eine einzige ›richtige‹ Definition von Syntax und Semantik geben kann, sondern einen Katalog von vielf{\"a}ltigen theoretisch m{\"o}glichen und in der Praxis auch angetroffenen Varianten. Diese sind durch ihre Remodellierung exakt identifizier- und benennbar; ihre Gesamtheit bildet ein Raster, durch das Notationsstile und -werkzeuge beschreib- und vergleichbar werden. Dieses Raster und die Remodelle sind besonders politisch wichtig, zur F{\"o}rderung einer {\"o}ffentlichen Diskussion von Notationssystemen und ihren Eigenschaften, da zunehmend die Arbeitsweise von digitalen Werkzeugen die notationelle Praxis zu {\"u}berformen und zu filtrieren droht. The project semPart - Semantics of the Musical Score tries to clarify the semantics of musical notation by applying methods from informatics. This is done by remodelling, i. e., constructing small mathematical models that mimic the mentally and culturally determined processes taking place when decoding isolated parameters in musical notation. The first important result is that there can never be one single 'correct' definition of semantics in any area but rather a catalogue of many theoretically possible variants encountered in practice. Through their remodelling, these can be precisely identified and named; their totality constitutes a classification grid applicable to styles, corpora, single scores and digital tools such as editors or encoding standards. This grid and the remodels are of particular political importance in promoting a public discussion on notation systems and their characteristics, given that the increasing use of digital processing systems threatens to over-shape and narrow down notational practice.}, language = {de} } @techreport{HaaseMertzenMusolffetal.2023, author = {Haase, Claudia and Mertzen, Daniela and Musolff, Myriam and Panitz, Michael and Schiller, Carina and Schreiber, Stefanie and Spiecker, Claus and Wolff, Ian}, title = {IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.2.2 Auswertung Bedarfserhebung mit daraus folgenden Aktivit{\"a}ten}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.10408198}, pages = {385}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) gewinnt an den Hochschulen in Brandenburg eine immer gr{\"o}ßere Bedeutung. F{\"u}r den Aufbau und die Institutionalisierung eines nachhaltigen FDM an den brandenburgischen Hochschulen ist eine m{\"o}glichst genaue Ermittlung des aktuellen Kenntnisstandes der Forschenden und deren Bedarfe bez{\"u}glich des Umgangs mit Forschungsdaten erforderlich. Hierzu diente die Bedarfserhebung, die im Rahmen des vom BMBF und dem MWFK gef{\"o}rderten Projekts IN-FDM-BB durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde. Beteiligt an der brandenburgweiten Umfrage waren alle acht staatlichen forschenden Hochschulen: vier Universit{\"a}ten (die Brandenburgische Technische Universit{\"a}t Cottbus - Senftenberg (BTU), die Filmuniversit{\"a}t Babelsberg KONRAD WOLF (FB), die Europa-Universit{\"a}t Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) (EUV) und die Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (UP)) und vier Hochschulen f{\"u}r Angewandte Wissenschaften (die Fachhochschule Potsdam (FHP), die Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), die Technische Hochschule Brandenburg (THB) und die Technische Hochschule Wildau (THW)). Die Hochschulen unterscheiden sich erheblich in ihrer Gr{\"o}ße und fachlichen Ausrichtung. So hat die UP deutlich {\"u}ber 20.000 Studierende und {\"u}ber 1.900 Professor*innen und akademische Mitarbeiter*innen, die FB hingegen, weniger als 1.000 Studierende und ca. 140 Professor*innen und akademische Mitarbeiter*innen. Landesweit sind fast alle Fachdisziplinen vertreten, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten je Hochschule. Das Ziel der Bedarfserhebung war, den Kenntnisstand bez{\"u}glich des professionellen Umgangs mit Forschungsdaten der Forschenden an den einzelnen Hochschulen zu ermitteln, FDM-Bedarfe zu erkennen und daraus m{\"o}gliche FDM-Aktivit{\"a}ten f{\"u}r die jeweilige Hochschule abzuleiten. Die Bedarfserhebung richtete sich daher in erster Linie an die Forschenden der jeweiligen Hochschule.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RichterWrobel2023, author = {Richter, Nancy and Wrobel, Martin}, title = {The Impact of prototyping on the survival chances of digital early-stage startups: Findings and insights from explorative expert interviews}, series = {Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE 2023}, volume = {18}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE 2023}, number = {2}, publisher = {Academic Conferences International Limited}, doi = {10.34190/ecie.18.2.1714}, pages = {772 -- 779}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The products of digital entrepreneurs are highly innovative, and their business models contribute to the prosperity and further development of the economy and society. However, studies indicate that most of all startups fail, particularly during the early stages of their business journey Prototyping as part of Lean Startup or Business Model Testing approaches, can assist digital early-stage startups in navigating uncertainty and achieving successful product launches. However, these methods are applied very individually and there is little empirical research on best practices. We therefore conducted 65 explorative expert interviews and asked successful startups about their prototyping practices. Our results include learnings on the prototyping process and the testing format, the role of the founding team during prototyping practices, the customer focus and the role of networks. Our study adds important details to theory and practice of the innovation and prototyping processes of digital early-stage startups. Our results offer actionable advice and guidance to any current and potential entrepreneur, but especially to first-time founders and less experienced executives in early stage-startups. Additionally, our contribution enhances the theoretical understanding of the Lean Startup approach and prototyping practices.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchepperBektas2023, author = {Schepper, Hannah and Bektas, Levent}, title = {Immersive Experience for Sustainable Tourism - The Potential of a Community-Based 3D Scanning Database App on the Example of South East Asia}, series = {2023 International Electronics Symposium (IES), Denpasar, Indonesia, 2023}, booktitle = {2023 International Electronics Symposium (IES), Denpasar, Indonesia, 2023}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/IES59143.2023.10242549}, pages = {624 -- 630}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Sustainable tourism focuses on minimizing the negative impact of tourism on the environment and cultural heritage sites, allowing future generations to enjoy tourism. Immersive experiences can support sustainable tourism further by allowing people to visit tourist places without physically being there. This helps to reduce negative impacts such as overcrowding, pollution, and damage to natural and cultural resources. An app that encourages people to create 3D scans of places they visit has the potential to contribute to virtual tourism. With modern technology, a wider range of people can contribute to a community-based 3D scan collection by sharing their photos and scans. This app can help to gain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of various locations around the world and create a variety of virtual tours. This paper specifically focuses on Southeast Asia and provides guidelines for creating content and material for the app.}, language = {en} } @techreport{vonFranseckyHaaseHeinrichetal.2023, author = {von Fransecky, Tanja and Haase, Claudia and Heinrich, Marcus and Jacob, Boris and Musolff, Myriam and Panitz, Michael and Spiecker, Claus and Wolff, Ian}, title = {IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.1.1 Konzepte f{\"u}r Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/ZENODO.8069814}, pages = {50}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Forschungsdatenmanagement gewinnt immer gr{\"o}ßere Bedeutung in der Forschung. Daher arbeiten im Projekt IN-FDM-BB acht Hochschulen an der Institutionalisierung und nachhaltigen Verstetigung von Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) in Brandenburg. Im Rahmen des lokalen Kompetenzaufbaus und der Institutionalisierung von FDM im Projekt geht es im Arbeitspaket AP 1 u. a. um „Entwicklung von hochschulspezifischen Informationsmaterialien (z. B. Flyer, FDM-Leitf{\"a}den, FAQs)" und „Aufbau und/oder Aktualisierung einer lokalen FDM-Webseite". Der Werkstattbericht Konzept f{\"u}r Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite (W 1.1.1) ist der erste Bericht, den alle acht am Projekt IN-FDM-BB beteiligen Hochschulen vorlegen und der konkret die lokale Institutionalisierung von FDM an den Einrichtungen behandelt.}, language = {de} } @article{BraubachJander2023, author = {Braubach, Lars and Jander, Kai}, title = {1. Introduction}, series = {International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems}, volume = {38}, journal = {International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems}, number = {6}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1744-5779}, doi = {10.1080/17445760.2023.2251386}, pages = {459 -- 460}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{VegaJechowJamesAetal.2023, author = {Vega, Catherine Perez and Jechow, Andreas and James A., Campbell and Zielinska-Dabkowska, Karolina M. and Hoelker, Franz}, title = {Light pollution from illuminated bridges as a potential barrier for migrating fish-Linking measurements with a proposal for a conceptual model}, series = {Basic and Applied Ecology}, volume = {74}, journal = {Basic and Applied Ecology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1618-0089}, doi = {10.1016/j.baae.2023.11.001}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Illuminated bridges have become important assets to navigable aquatic systems. However, if artificial light at night (ALAN) from illuminated bridges reaches aquatic habitats, such as rivers, it can threaten the river's natural heterogeneity and alter the behavioural responses of migratory fish. Here, via a pilot study, we quantified levels of ALAN at illuminated bridges that cross a river and, propose a conceptual model to estimate its potential implications on two migrating fish species with contrasting life histories. Night-time light measurements on the river Spree in Berlin were performed continuously along a transect and in detail at seven illuminated bridges. Photometric data of the pilot study showed rapidly increased and decreased light levels at several illuminated bridges from which we derived several model illumination scenarios. These illumination scenarios and their potential effect on migrating Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar) and European silver eel (Anguilla anguilla) are presented as a conceptual model, considering illuminated bridges as behavioural barriers to fish migration. ALAN's adverse effects on freshwater habitats must be better researched, understood, managed, and properly communicated to develop future sustainable lighting practices and policies that preserve riverscapes and their biodiversity.}, language = {en} } @article{Blasek2023, author = {Blasek, Katrin}, title = {EU-ID-Wallet - eine elektronische Brieftasche f{\"u}r die Europ{\"a}ische Union}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das Recht der digitalen Wirtschaft}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das Recht der digitalen Wirtschaft}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wolters Kluwer}, issn = {2702-4040}, pages = {125 -- 130}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{Blasek2023, author = {Blasek, Katrin}, title = {KI im Herbst 2023: G7 und Bletchley Park oder von der Notwendigkeit der Einheit in Vielfalt}, series = {ZD-Aktuell}, volume = {2023}, journal = {ZD-Aktuell}, number = {20}, publisher = {Beck}, pages = {01434}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{Blasek2023, author = {Blasek, Katrin}, title = {DSK-Empfehlungen f{\"u}r mehr Datenschutz bei Scoring-Verfahren}, series = {ZD-Aktuell}, volume = {2023}, journal = {ZD-Aktuell}, number = {14}, publisher = {Beck}, pages = {01297 -- 01298}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{Blasek2023, author = {Blasek, Katrin}, title = {KI-Regulierung in der Volksrepublik China}, series = {Recht Digital}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Recht Digital}, number = {12}, publisher = {Beck}, issn = {2702-2404}, pages = {557 -- 564}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Schwabe2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schwabe, Carina}, title = {Derivation of a technical representation of the MITRE ATT\&CK matrix and further analyses of the kill chain}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, doi = {10.25933/10.25933/opus4-3215}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32152}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {46}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In modern societies, technology has a high value, as nearly all systems are controlled by information technology. This thesis aims to develop a technical representation of the MITRE ATT\&CK matrix to enable faster and more effective responses to cyber attacks. Based on a analysis of common cyber attack models, such as the Diamnond Model of Intrusion Analysis and the Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain, the MITRE ATT\&CK matrix is used to develop an extended Kill Chain model. In this new model, MITRE tactics are grouped into five sequential attack phases, allowing for a clearer differentiation between actions taken during an attack. Aditionally, one ongoing group of MITRE tactics was identified. Building on this model, two graph-based representations are developed: a simple graph structure and a hierarchical, tree-shaped graph of MITRE tactics and techniques. The following discussion addresses the practical application of the new model, as well as potential further developments, such as integrating AI to analyse and predict existing and potential attack patterns.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Reinhardt2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Reinhardt, Janek Simon}, title = {Untersuchung der Realisierbarkeit von Heartbeat-Monitoring in Wazuh}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3220}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32204}, school = {Fachhochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {99}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der Stellenwert der {\"U}berwachung der Sicherheit von IT-Systemen nimmt mit dem Voranschreiten der Digitalisierung immer weiter zu. Um diese Aufgabe zu vereinfachen werden Monitoring-Systeme eingesetzt. Diese sammeln und verarbeiten Daten, um den Status des IT-Systems zu ermitteln. Zu diesen Monitoring-Systemen z{\"a}hlt Wazuh, welches in der Lage ist, die "Integrit{\"a}t" und "Vertraulichkeit" unter Zuhilfenahme von Agenten zu {\"u}berwachen. Damit deckt Wazuh lediglich zwei der drei Schutzziele der IT-Sicherheit ab. Aus diesem Grund wird in dieser Bachelorarbeit untersucht, auf welche Art und Weise sich das SIEM und XDR System um Heartbeat Monitoring erweitern l{\"a}sst. Dadurch wird Wazuh bef{\"a}higt das dritte Schutzziel der IT-Sicherheit, die Verf{\"u}gbarkeit, zu {\"u}berwachen. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Erweiterung der Wazuh-Implementierung um den Heartbeat Daemon des Elastic Stacks durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Implementierung soll in der Lage sein, die Daten des Heartbeat Daemons zu empfangen, zu speichern, darzustellen und Benachrichtigungen auszul{\"o}sen, sobald sich der Status von {\"u}berwachten Systemkomponenten {\"a}ndert. Um die Funktionalit{\"a}t dieses Proof of Concepts zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen wird Heartbeat Monitoring ebenfalls in einem Vergleichssystem umgesetzt. Dabei handelt es sich um die native Umgebung des Daemons, den Elastic Stack. Die Funktionalit{\"a}t des Elastic Stacks konnte auf unterschiedlichen Wegen reproduziert werden. Dies erfolgt zum einen durch die direkte Verarbeitung der Heartbeat-Ausgabe durch Wazuh. Alternativ besteht die M{\"o}glichkeit, die Heartbeat-Daten direkt in Wazuhs Datenbank zu schreiben. In Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Version des Heartbeat-Daemons ist die Verwendung von Logstash als Middleware erforderlich. Das Darstellen der Daten ist f{\"u}r beide Methoden in Wazuhs Weboberfl{\"a}che m{\"o}glich. Das Erweitern von Wazuh um Heartbeat Monitoring erm{\"o}glicht der Software die Abdeckung der relevantesten Schutzziele der IT-Sicherheit. Es wird gezeigt, welche Methoden zur Erweiterung der Open-Source-Software angewendet werden k{\"o}nnen.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GiskeBankwitzEngeletal.2024, author = {Giske, Karl and Bankwitz, Madeleine and Engel, Christian and Bendyk, Ricky and Hirsch, Soeren}, title = {Advanced Sensor Systems for Sustainable Building Modernization: A Technological Approach to Enhance CO2 Savings}, series = {EUROSENSORS XXXVI, Debrecen, Hungary, 2024}, booktitle = {EUROSENSORS XXXVI, Debrecen, Hungary, 2024}, isbn = {978-3-910600-03-4}, doi = {10.5162/EUROSENSORSXXXVI/OT10.184}, pages = {216 -- 217}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This work presents an advanced sensor system design developed to improve diagnostic methods for sustainable building renovation, with focus on the optimization of energy efficiency and the achievement of significant CO2 reduction in the construction sector. Introduction Considering the challenges posed by climate change, it is imperative to adopt innovative strategies in all sectors, with particular focus on construction and real estate, which are well-known contributors to energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Sustainable renovation represents a pivotal approach for enhancing energy efficiency , reducing energy demand and improving environmental footprints through precise resource management and energy-efficient construction practices [1].}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Ferneding2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ferneding, Conrad}, title = {Analysis of Vulnerability CVE-2024-3094 in XZ Utils: Precedent Supply Chain Attack and Incident Analysis}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3227}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32278}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This thesis falls within the domain of cybersecurity and computer science, specifically focusing on the vulnerability CVE-2024-3094, which has a CVSS score of 10, discovered in late March of 2024. It integrates methodologies from network security, reverse engineering, and OSINT to thoroughly investigate this vulnerability. An aspect of this thesis will be the exploration of the incident and its social engineering campaign that led to a threat actor becoming a maintainer of XZ Utils. Another part of this work will be the analysis of how the vulnerability in XZ Utils affects SSH and whether SSH authentication is compromised by this vulnerability. The objective is to conduct a Proof of Concept (PoC) to demonstrate the presence of the backdoor.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Allwardt2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Allwardt, Arne}, title = {Analyse von Machine-Learning-Methoden zur synthetischen Erzeugung von Zeitreihen}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3201}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32017}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {74}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In der Dom{\"a}ne der Zeitreihen besteht ein Mangel an qualitativ hochwertigen Daten, was die Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit von Deep-Learning-Modellen beeintr{\"a}chtigen kann. Diese Arbeit untersucht Data-Augmentation-Methoden im Bereich von Zeitreihen, welche dieses Problem adressieren. Dabei werden insbesondere Machine-Learning-Verfahren (Autoencoder, Variational Autoencoder, TimeGAN) untersucht und mit algorithmischen Ans{\"a}tzen (Jittering, Time Warping) verglichen. Die Methoden werden anhand der Kriterien {\"A}hnlichkeit, Diversit{\"a}t und N{\"u}tzlichkeit bewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass algorithmische Verfahren konsistent bessere Ergebnisse liefern als Machine-Learning-Methoden. Zudem wird festgestellt, dass der Einsatz generativer Machine-Learning-Verfahren nur dann sinnvoll ist, wenn das generative Modell weniger komplex ist als das Modell, welches die synthetischen Daten letztlich verwenden soll.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Feustel2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Feustel, Sebastian}, title = {Vergleichende Untersuchung von statischen Schwachstellenscannern f{\"u}r OCI-based-Images anhand einer exemplarischen Webanwendung}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3202}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32025}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {63}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In der modernen IT-Infrastruktur hat die Container-Technologien sehr viel an Bedeutung gewonnen und finden breite Anwendung in der Softwareentwicklung. Die zunehmende Komplexit{\"a}t zeitgen{\"o}ssischer Anwendungen erfordert effektive Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, um potenzielle Schwachstellen fr{\"u}hzeitig zu erkennen und zu beheben. Diese Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit der Evaluierung verschiedener Vulnerability Scanner, die speziell f{\"u}r Container-Images entwickelt wurden. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird eine einfache Webanwendung mit Frontend und Backend erstellt und anschließend containerisiert. Diese Beispielanwendung dient als Grundlage f{\"u}r die systematische Untersuchung und Bewertung mehrerer Vulnerability Scanner. Ziel ist es, die Ergebnisse der verschiedenen Tools zu analysieren und das effektivste Werkzeug zur Identifizierung von Sicherheitsl{\"u}cken in containerisierten Umgebungen zu bestimmen. Durch die Analyse und den Vergleich der Ergebnisse wird aufgezeigt, welches Tool die besten Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Erkennungsrate und Genauigkeit liefert. Zus{\"a}tzlich bietet die Arbeit einen Einblick in die Nutzung der Scanner, woraus sich die Benutzerfreundlichkeit der einzelnen Scanner ableiten l{\"a}sst. Diese Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Sicherheit und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit von containerisierten Anwendungen in der Praxis und bietet praktische Empfehlungen zur Optimierung der Containersicherheit.}, subject = {Softwareschwachstelle}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Wagner2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wagner, Robin}, title = {Entwicklung eines Bildverarbeitungssystems zur Qualit{\"a}tspr{\"u}fung von Produktkennzeichnungsaufklebern mit Feature Matching}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32039}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {82}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Bildverarbeitungssystems, das Qualit{\"a}tsm{\"a}ngel in Form von Schnitt- und Druckfehlern bei industriellen Produktkennzeichnungsaufklebern mit geeigneten Verfahren der Bildverarbeitung erkennt und beschreibt. Insbesondere soll untersucht werden, inwiefern Verfahren zur Detektion, Beschreibung und Zuordnung von abstrakt beschriebenen, charakteristischen Bildpunkten (Features) zur Erkennung von Druckfehlern zielf{\"u}hrend sein k{\"o}nnen.}, subject = {Bildverarbeitung}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Hoerig2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {H{\"o}rig, Philipp}, title = {Vergleichende Analyse der Performance und Ressourcenauslastung zwischen Platform- und Virtual-Threads in Java 21}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3206}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32064}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {74}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Performance und Ressourcenauslastung von Platform- und Virtual-Threads in Java 21. Im Kontext der E-Commerce-Plattform der Telef{\´o}nica Germany GmbH \& Co. OHG stellt sich die Frage, ob die neu eingef{\"u}hrten Virtual-Threads dazu verwendet werden k{\"o}nnen, den aktuellen Softwareentwicklungsprozess des Unternehmens zu optimieren. Zu diesem Zweck werden Proof-of-Concept-Anwendungen entwickelt, die auf den Webframeworks Spring MVC und Spring WebFlux basieren. Diese Anwendungen werden anschließend einem Stresstest unterzogen, um die Leistungsunterschiede der Threading-Modelle zu analysieren. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung legen nahe, dass die Verwendung von Virtual- Threads im Vergleich zu Platform-Threads in einer asynchronen Spring MVC- Architektur zu einer Reduktion der durchschnittlichen Antwortzeit um etwa 20 \% und zu einer Steigerung des Durchsatzes um nahezu 20 \% f{\"u}hrt. Des Weiteren konnte eine Reduktion der CPU- und RAM-Auslastung bei maximaler Last um 11 \% bzw. 13 \% festgestellt werden. Obwohl die Spring WebFlux- Architektur unter Verwendung von Platform-Threads und eines Netty-Servers in den meisten Testmetriken bessere Ergebnisse erzielte, sind die Resultate der asynchronen Spring MVC-Architektur mit Virtual-Threads vielversprechend. Eine Implementierung dieser Technologie k{\"o}nnte demnach eine deutliche Verbesserung des aktuellen Softwareentwicklungsprozesses im Unternehmen bewirken.}, subject = {Java Standard Edition 21}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{AbdoulKarim2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Abdoul Karim, Malik}, title = {Verbesserung der Alarmqualit{\"a}t und Entscheidungsfindung bei der Erkennung von Cyberangriffen durch Integration von Threat Intelligence und externen Datenquellen}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32103}, school = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, pages = {64}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit untersucht die Integration von externer Threat Intelligence in Cybersicherheitsplattformen, um die Erkennung von Bedrohungen in Echtzeit und die Reaktion auf Vorf{\"a}lle zu verbessern. Durch den Einsatz von Datenscraping-Techniken auf sozialen Medien (X) in Kombination mit einer Python-basierten Verarbeitungspipeline und Elasticsearch zur Speicherung und Abfrage von Daten wird ein robustes System zur Analyse und Visualisierung bedrohungsrelevanter Informationen entwickelt. Das System integriert Natural Language Processing (NLP) Techniken, wie das Stanford CoreNLP-Framework und den Stucco Entity Extractor, um gesammelte Daten mit Cybersicherheitsentit{\"a}ten anzureichern. Zudem werden maschinelle Lernmodelle, insbesondere Satztransformatoren, verwendet, um Texte einzubetten und die Kosinus-{\"A}hnlichkeit zwischen potenziellen Bedrohungen und Warnmeldungen zu berechnen. Damit wird gezeigt, dass die Korrelation externer Datenquellen mit Threat Intelligence die Pr{\"a}zision von Alarmen erheblich verbessert und sicherheitsrelevante Einblicke f{\"u}r Analysten liefert. Das finale System bietet eine skalierbare und effiziente Datenverarbeitung sowie Echtzeit-Visualisierungen durch Elasticsearch und Kibana-Dashboards zur Unterst{\"u}tzung der Entscheidungsfindung in der Cybersicherheit.}, subject = {Maschinelles Lernen}, language = {de} } @article{FroschLindauer2024, author = {Frosch, Katharina and Lindauer, Friederike}, title = {AI-based Automated Production of Learning Content - A Means to Bridging the Digital Divide in Workplace Learning?}, series = {International Journal On Advances in Systems and Measurements}, volume = {17}, journal = {International Journal On Advances in Systems and Measurements}, number = {3\&4}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {156 -- 165}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-3250, title = {Jahrbuch 2023/2024 der Absolventinnen und Absolventen}, editor = {Wilms, Andreas}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, organization = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32507}, pages = {92}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-3254, title = {Forschungs- und Transferbericht der Technischen Hochschule Brandenburg 2022/23}, editor = {Wilms, Andreas and Hirsch, S{\"o}ren}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, organization = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, issn = {1861-3462}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32541}, pages = {98}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{FroschLindauerZuidhof2024, author = {Frosch, Katharina and Lindauer, Friederike and Zuidhof, Niek}, title = {Exploring the Digital Divide in Workplace Learning: A Rapid Review}, series = {ICDS 2024, The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society, Barcelona, Spain}, booktitle = {ICDS 2024, The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society, Barcelona, Spain}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article examines the digital learning divide in workplace learning, with an emphasis on the disparity in the distribution of advanced learning technologies (ALT) across different types of workplaces. The study employs a rapid literature review methodology to analyze the utilization of ALT in workplace learning. The findings indicate that the use of ALT is predominantly concentrated in the education, health and medical sectors, with limited implementation in other sectors. Moreover, in smaller organizations, in non-technical sectors and among white-collar workers, there are fewer opportunities for technology-enhanced learning. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and comprehensive research to address the digital divide in workplace learning, taking into consideration practice-based evidence and exploring the themes covered by training. Furthermore, the paper proposes an investigation into the complexity and resource intensity of implementing ALT to enhance technology-based learning in all workplaces. In general, this research establishes the basis for comprehending and bridging the digital learning divide in the workplace.}, language = {en} } @article{KristalWeretecki2024, author = {Kristal, Samuel and Weretecki, Patrick}, title = {Social first? Not always! Brand co-creation through regional marketing at Deutsche Telekom}, series = {Transfer: Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kommunikation \& Markenmanagement}, volume = {70}, journal = {Transfer: Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kommunikation \& Markenmanagement}, number = {1}, publisher = {New Business Verlag}, pages = {67 -- 71}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Deutsche Telekom, one of the world's leading integrated telecommunications companies, has recently shifted its focus in event marketing to prioritize more personal co-creational communication on regional occasions, rather than largescale events. This paper outlines the three-part LAW-principle that Deutsche Telekom follows in its brand communication in Germany, providing examples for each of the three pillars. The co-creation resulting from brand communication is changing the role of marketing and brand practitioners. They are now required to negotiate with various stakeholders.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{TranconyWidemannLepper, author = {Tranc{\´o}n y Widemann, Baltasar and Lepper, Markus}, title = {A theory of conversion relations for prefixed units of measure}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2212.11580}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-31984}, pages = {1 -- 45}, abstract = {Units of measure with prefixes and conversion rules are given a formal semantic model in terms of categorial group theory. Basic structures and both natural and contingent semantic operations are defined. Conversion rules are represented as a class of ternary relations with both group-like and category-like properties. A hierarchy of subclasses is explored, each satisfying stronger useful algebraic properties than the preceding, culminating in a direct efficient conversion-by-rewriting algorithm.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PepeBuchholzLasenby2024, author = {Pepe, Alberto and Buchholz, Sven and Lasenby, Joan}, title = {Clifford Group Equivariant Neural Network Layers for Protein Structure Prediction}, series = {Northern Lights Deep Learning Conference, VOL 233, 09-11 Januar 2024, Tromso, Norwegen}, booktitle = {Northern Lights Deep Learning Conference, VOL 233, 09-11 Januar 2024, Tromso, Norwegen}, publisher = {PMLR}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We employ Clifford Group Equivariant Neural Network (CGENN) layers to predict protein coordinates in a Protein Structure Prediction (PSP) pipeline. PSP is the estimation of the 3D structure of a protein, generally through deep learning architectures. Information about the geometry of the protein chain has been proven to be crucial for accurate predictions of 3D structures. However, this information is usually flattened as machine learning features that are not representative of the geometric nature of the problem. Leveraging recent advances in geometric deep learning, we redesign the 3D projector part of a PSP architecture with the addition of CGENN layers . CGENNs can achieve better generalization and robustness when dealing with data that show rotational or translational invariance such as protein coordinates, which are independent of the chosen reference frame. CGENNs inputs, outputs, weights and biases are objects in the Geometric Algebra of 3D Euclidean space, i.e. G3,0,0, and hence are interpretable from a geometrical perspective. We test 6 approaches to PSP and show that CGENN layers increase the accuracy in term of GDT scores by up to 2.1\\%, with fewer trainable parameters compared to linear layers and give a clear geometric interpretation of their outputs.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KybaArroyoDegenetal.2024, author = {Kyba, Christopher C.M. and Arroyo, Hector Linares and Degen, Tobias and Abascal, Angela and Simoneau, Alexandre and Kuffer, Monika and H{\"o}lker, Franz and Aub{\´e}, Martin and Walczak, Ken and Espey, Brian R. and de Miguel, Alejandro S{\´a}nchez and Jechow, Andreas and Gyuk, Geza}, title = {Night Watch Mission Description Document}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.48440/gfz.b103-24052}, pages = {1 -- 156}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This is the Mission Description Document (MDD) for a future Earth observation satellite mission addressing visible band observations of nighttime lights. The mission driving science applications are for the remote sensing of electricity, energy, and ecological impacts via the observation of artificial light. The MDD covers the mission requirements justification from the high-level scientific objectives and societal benefits to measurement requirements at product level 1b, i.e. radiances at the top of the atmosphere. In providing justification for the individual requirements and their traceability to scientific objectives and societal challenges, we address Scientific Readiness Levels 1 to 3. The MDD is the outcome of the European Space Agency New Earth Observation Mission Ideas project "Night Watch". The Task Reports (TR) from the project are appended to the MDD, and are authored by the same group as the MDD itself.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BollowFroschGrunzetal.2024, author = {Bollow, Maximilian and Frosch, Katharina and Grunz, Angelina and H{\"a}dicke, Svenja and Judge, Rabina and Levina, Olga}, title = {Using Advanced Learning Technologies to Boost Sustainability Education: The Role of AI-based Chatbots}, series = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, booktitle = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, pages = {92 -- 93}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In the face of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, the everchanging knowledge base of sustainability and therelated learning become vital. This applies especially to the field of sustainable digitalization. The literature providesgaps in the combination of sustainable digitalization with learning, due to the rapid developments and innovationsin this field.AI-based Chatbots could be a solution to rapidly build knowledge in this fast-evolving field, as they are able to drawupon a large body of recent knowledge and allow personalized, individual learning. They are created to understandquestions and respond to users via text, voice, or avatar in an interactive manner to facilitate learning (AI-Abdullatif,2023). Thus, AI-based Chatbots could enhance student-centered e-learning, which has shown to be a valuable toolfor sustainability literacy (Diamond \& Irwin, 2013). Nonetheless, existing research does not yet provide sufficientevidence on what learning outcomes (e.g., knowledge acquisition) can be achieved with this AI-based approach tolearning. Therefore, it is crucial for us to determine whether and how they can be effectively utilized for this purpose.In this study, we examine the impact of AI-based Chatbots on learning outcomes in the context of sustainabledigitalization, in comparison to conventional digital learning methods. We conduct a field experiment with a pre-and post-test assessing the respective level of knowledge and sustainability-related competencies amongparticipants. The participants of the study (N=269) engage with different types of supported learning activitiesrelated to sustainable development. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four advanced learningtechnologies: a) AI-assisted personal tutoring (Chatbot), b) non-AI-based conversational learning and c) interactivevideo with embedded activities. Variations in learning outcomes depending on design characteristics of the learningactivity will be measured using the Self-Perceived Action Competence for Sustainability Questionnaire (SPACS-Q)(Olsson et al., 2020) as well as as well as a set of questions to assess knowledge retention.Results indicate that AI-based chatbots may be a viable method to enhance knowledge about practices in sustainabledigitalization. However, sustainability action competencies, such as confidence in one's own influence on shaping amore sustainable future and the willingness to undertake concrete actions, which may require higher-order learningprocesses, are not positively affected by short learning activities with our AI-based chatbot. We found evidence thatnon-AI-based learning activities yield similar increases in building knowledge on sustainable digitalization but alsosignificantly enhance sustainability action competencies related to potential behavioral changes.What does learner-centered pedagogy look like in reimagining the digital classroom of the future?93Assuming that our results are generalizable to other learning topics, the evidence found in this study suggests thatAI-based chatbots can contribute to addressing our most significant transformational challenges, all characterizedby a rapidly evolving knowledge base. Further research is particularly needed with respect to the preferable designcharacteristics of digital learning activities (both AI-based and non-AI-based) to achieve optimal outcomes in buildingsustainability competencies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FroschLindauerWinkel2024, author = {Frosch, Katharina and Lindauer, Friederike and Winkel, Carmen}, title = {Utilizing Chatbots for Automating Examinations in Higher Education: Perceived Fairness, Trust and Learning Outcomes}, series = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, booktitle = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, pages = {21 -- 22}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Large Language Models (LLM) are increasingly used to support educational assessment (Gonz{\´a}lez-Calatayud et al.,2021), offering a promising approach to addressing challenges associated with scalability, consistency, andpersonalized feedback that manual assessment implies (Fagbohun et al., 2024).Pre-configured interfaces for building custom chatbots based on common AI models provide a low-level approachfor educators to design their own AI-based examination tools that ask learners questions and provide feedback onthe answers. An example of a prototypical application - albeit based on a self-programmed interface - is Nitze's(2024) StudyBuddy, which simulates oral exams. Yet, the extent to which these AI-based exam assistants canautonomously conduct complete exam assessments—creating questions and evaluating and grading responseswithout manual oversight—is still largely unexplored. Despite the clear advantages, issues related to the quality ofthe generated content, the precision of assessments, ethical implications, and acceptance among learners persist assignificant concerns.This paper is a proof-of-concept study combined with a field experiment for an AI-based exam assistant based onthe StudyBuddy suggested by Nitze (2024). The exam assistant provides students with a set of quiz questions andcase studies based on an 80-page reader on topics in organizational behavior, offering personalized feedback andquestion-by-question scoring ranging from 0 to 100\%, along with an overall grade and personalized feedback. Toevaluate learning behavior and outcome (in the practice phase), perceived fairness (in the exam phase) and overalllearner acceptance, we run a field experiment with N=35 students enrolled in a business management program at atechnical university in Germany. They take part in a quiz assignment provided and graded by the exam assistant andsubsequently answer a survey with questions based on the Perceived Fairness scale (Sonnleitner \& Kovacs, 2020)and the Trust in Automated Systems Test (Wojton et al., 2020). Additionally, the learning outcomes are assessed ina retrospective pre-post design according to Drennan and Hyde (2008). Results will be available by the End of April2024.Insights gained from this study will shed light on the question whether custom chatbots can be effectively used forscalable, efficient assessment processes in higher education. As the ready-made interfaces already available requireminimal prerequisites and technical skills, they present an accessible opportunity for instructors to develop theirown AI-based examination tools, and to ease manual corrections, to guarantee consistent grading and to providestudents with individualized, constructive feedback on their solutions even in large courses where personalizedfeedback would not be possible when manual grading is used.The results of this study will shed light on whether customised chatbots can be effectively used for scalable, efficientassessment processes in higher education. The readily available interfaces, requiring minimal prerequisites andHow do we promote fairness in digital learning futures?22technical skills, enable educators to develop their own AI-based assessment tools. This would open opportunitiesfor educators to build their own AI-based assessment tools and facilitate manual corrections, ensure consistentgrading and provide students with individualised, constructive feedback, even in large courses where personalisedfeedback would not be possible with manual grading.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Brasche2024, author = {Brasche, Ulrich}, title = {Climate justice - dimensions and conflicts}, pages = {12}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Probably no-one will publicly admit that justice is not important to him. The allegation of injustice is used to describe moral positions and justify demands. However, there is no simple and unambiguous description of just positions or just actions. To overcome the man-made climate crisis, a fair distribution of benefits and burdens is called for. Some stakeholders also use the argument of justice to disguise their interests. The question to be clarified is: Who may cause how much damage to whom and who must make what efforts to compensate for the damage and prevent future damage? This text reports on attempts to establish an ethical foundation for climate justice and on international political activities that claim to achieve greater climate justice.}, language = {en} } @article{NitzeWangJahnetal.2024, author = {Nitze, Andr{\´e} and Wang, Tingting and Jahn, Josephine and Ali, Sabah and Miesner, Timon}, title = {Lessons learned from building sustainable municipal LoRaWan infrastructure}, series = {International Journal On Advances in Networks and Services}, volume = {17}, journal = {International Journal On Advances in Networks and Services}, number = {3\&4}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {59 -- 68}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Abstract—This paper introduces the LoRaWAN Collaboration Framework (LCF), a strategic blueprint for deploying and managing LoRaWAN infrastructures in smart cities with an emphasis on rural and small municipalities. LoRaWAN technology distinguishes itself by its capability to support long-range, low-power IoT applications, making it ideal for extensive and sparsely populated areas. The LCF aims to address common challenges in these settings, such as limited technical expertise, financial constraints, and the need for cross-municipal cooperation. It outlines roles and responsibilities across various stakeholders including municipal authorities, IT service providers, application developers, and end-users. The framework emphasizes the balance of technological, economic, social and ecological sustainability in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we describe the experiences from several LoRaWAN projects in small towns and municipalities in Germany and give some insights to these use cases, the derived collaboration framework, and other arguments to consider before implementing LoRaWAN infrastructures.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NitzeWangJahnetal.2024, author = {Nitze, Andr{\´e} and Wang, Tingting and Jahn, Josephine and Ali, Sabah}, title = {Beyond Connectivity: A Sustainable Approach to Municipal LoRaWAN Infrastructure and Services}, series = {Konferenz: ICDS 2024 : The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society; Barcelona, Spain}, booktitle = {Konferenz: ICDS 2024 : The Eighteenth International Conference on Digital Society; Barcelona, Spain}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {19 -- 24}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper introduces the LoRaWAN Collaboration Framework (LCF), a strategic blueprint for deploying and managing LoRaWAN infrastructures in smart cities with an emphasis on rural and small municipalities. LoRaWAN technology is distinguished by its capability to support long-range, low-power IoT applications, making it ideal for extensive and sparsely populated areas. The LCF aims to address common challenges in these settings, such as limited technical expertise, financial constraints, and the need for cross-municipal cooperation. It outlines roles and responsibilities across various stakeholders including municipal authorities, IT service providers, application developers, and end-users. The framework emphasizes the balance of technological, economic, ecological, and social sustainability in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper we describe the experiences from several LoRaWAN projects in small towns and municipalities, the derived framework, and future research directions towards ensuring the economic viability of the proposed model.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PepeLasenbyBuchholz2024, author = {Pepe, Alberto and Lasenby, Joan and Buchholz, Sven}, title = {CGAPoseNet+GCAN: A Geometric Clifford Algebra Network for Geometry-aware Camera Pose Regression}, series = {Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, Waikoloa, Hawaii, US, 2024}, booktitle = {Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, Waikoloa, Hawaii, US, 2024}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00646}, pages = {6593 -- 6603}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We introduce CGAPoseNet+ GCAN, which enhances CGAPoseNet, an architecture for camera pose regression, with a Geometric Clifford Algebra Network (GCAN). With the addition of the GCAN we obtain a geometry-aware pipeline for camera pose regression from RGB images only. CGAPoseNet employs Clifford Geometric Algebra to unify quaternions and translation vectors into a single mathematical object, the motor, which can be used to uniquely describe camera poses. CGAPoseNet solves the issue of balancing rotation and translation components in the loss function, and can obtain comparable results to other approaches without the need of expensive tuning of the loss function or additional information about the scene, such as 3D point clouds, which might not always be available. CGAPoseNet, however, like several approaches in the literature, only learns to predict motor coefficients, and it is unaware of the mathematical space in which predictions sit in and of their geometrical meaning. By leveraging recent advances in Geometric Deep Learning, we modify CGAPoseNet with a GCAN: proposals of possible motor coefficients associated with a camera frame are obtained from the InceptionV3 backbone, and the GCAN downsamples them to a single motor through a sequence of layers that work in G_ 4, 0. The network is hence geometry-aware, has multivector-valued inputs, weights and biases and preserves the grade of the objects that it receives in input. CGAPoseNet+ GCAN has almost 4 million fewer trainable parameters, it reduces the average rotation error by 41\% and the average translation error by 8.8\% compared to CGAPoseNet. Similarly, it reduces rotation and translation errors by 32.6\% and 19.9\%, respectively, compared to the best performing PoseNet strategy. CGAPoseNet+ GCAN reaches the state-of-the-art results on 13 commonly employed datasets. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first experiment in GCANs applied to the problem of camera pose regression.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WangNitzeHofstedtetal.2024, author = {Wang, Tingting and Nitze, Andr{\´e} and Hofstedt, Petra and L{\"o}ffler, Sven and Hennig, Silvia and Klinge, Alexander}, title = {Technische Machbarkeit von l{\"a}ndlichem On-Demand-Verkehr: Anforderungen an eine Open-Source-Software-Architektur}, series = {24. Nachwuchswissenschaftler:innenkonferenz}, booktitle = {24. Nachwuchswissenschaftler:innenkonferenz}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hochschule Mittweida}, address = {Mittweida}, issn = {1437-7624}, doi = {10.48446/opus-15430}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:mit1-opus4-154308}, pages = {361 -- 366}, year = {2024}, abstract = {On-Demand-Verkehr bezeichnet Mobilit{\"a}tsangebote, die auf Bestellung verf{\"u}gbar sind. Ziel ist es, durch flexible Mobilit{\"a}tsangebote L{\"u}cken im l{\"a}ndlichen {\"o}ffentlichen Personennahverkehr ({\"O}PNV) zu schließen, insbesondere in d{\"u}nn besiedelten R{\"a}umen und zu Randzeiten des Tages. Die Einf{\"u}hrung solcher Dienste gestaltet sich f{\"u}r viele Kommunen jedoch aufgrund der hohen Lizenzgeb{\"u}hren f{\"u}r propriet{\"a}re Software als {\"a}ußerst schwierig, insbesondere in strukturschwachen Regionen, die solche Dienste besonders ben{\"o}tigen. Im Rahmen des Projekts "Open-Source-Software f{\"u}r l{\"a}ndlichen On-Demand-Verkehr" (OSLO) wurde die Umsetzbarkeit einer niedrigschwelligen Open-Source-L{\"o}sung gepr{\"u}ft. Diese L{\"o}sung soll langfristig in die Open-Source-Mobilit{\"a}tsplattform bbnavi integriert werden, um die Nutzung vorhandener Mobilit{\"a}tsdaten zu erleichtern, Interoperabilit{\"a}t zu gew{\"a}hrleisten und die Anpassung an andere Regionen zu vereinfachen. Das Konzept beinhaltet eine Software-Architektur, einen speziell f{\"u}r den l{\"a}ndlichen Nahverkehr entwickelten intermodalen Routing-Algorithmus und ein Betriebs- und Organisationsmodell ([1]). In diesem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie eine effiziente Software-Architektur f{\"u}r das OSLO-Projekt entworfen wurde. Die zentralen Themen beinhalten die Strukturierung der Komponenten, die Anwendung von GTFS-Flex-V2, die Integration des angepassten Routing-Algorithmus sowie die Einbindung externer Schnittstellen.}, subject = {Open Source}, language = {de} } @unpublished{PepeLasenbyBuchholz2024, author = {Pepe, Alberto and Lasenby, Joan and Buchholz, Sven}, title = {STAResNet: A Network in Spacetime Algebra to solve Maxwell's PDEs}, series = {arXiv}, journal = {arXiv}, publisher = {arXiv}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We introduce STAResNet, a ResNet architecture in Spacetime Algebra (STA) to solve Maxwell's partial differential equations (PDEs). Recently, networks in Geometric Algebra (GA) have been demonstrated to be an asset for truly geometric machine learning. In [1], GA networks have been employed for the first time to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), demonstrating an increased accuracy over real-valued networks. In this work we solve Maxwell's PDEs both in GA and STA employing the same ResNet architecture and dataset, to discuss the impact that the choice of the right algebra has on the accuracy of GA networks. Our study on STAResNet shows how the correct geometric embedding in Clifford Networks gives a mean square error (MSE), between ground truth and estimated fields, up to 2.6 times lower than than obtained with a standard Clifford ResNet with 6 times fewer trainable parameters. STAREsNet demonstrates consistently lower MSE and higher correlation regardless of scenario. The scenarios tested are: sampling period of the dataset; presence of obstacles with either seen or unseen configurations; the number of channels in the ResNet architecture; the number of rollout steps; whether the field is in 2D or 3D space. This demonstrates how choosing the right algebra in Clifford networks is a crucial factor for more compact, accurate, descriptive and better generalising pipelines.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2024, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Incorporating Ethical Aspects in Information Systems Requirements Engineering}, series = {Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, 23rd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2024, Prag, Tschechien, September 11-13, 2024}, booktitle = {Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, 23rd International Conference on Business Informatics Research, BIR 2024, Prag, Tschechien, September 11-13, 2024}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-71333-0_10}, pages = {153 -- 161}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ethical considerations in software requirements engineering are a critical but often overlooked aspect of the software development process. However, requests for transparency and autonomy in the way IT artefacts are designed, described, used, applied and integrated in the everyday life are getting more pressing within the society. In this research, the process of software engineering is taken as an illustrative model for the proactive incorporation of ethical principles in the system design within the design of a software artefact. Specifically, the phase of requirements elicitation and analysis are expanded with ethical aspects, since that is where the first steps of the software construction as an artefact are initiated and the first common ground of understanding is achieved. Being rooted in the security engineering, the SQUARE process is expanded to provide a basic structure for incorporating of ethical aspects into software design. By doing so, the social and moral values become central to the design and development of new technologies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Kitzelmann2024, author = {Kitzelmann, Emanuel}, title = {Lernen mit Neuronalen Netzen}, series = {Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte.}, booktitle = {Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte.}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4_5}, pages = {53 -- 67}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Sitz der menschlichen Intelligenz ist das Gehirn. Was l{\"a}ge also n{\"a}her, als Erkenntnisse aus der Hirnforschung f{\"u}r die Erzeugung k{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz zu nutzen? K{\"u}nstliche neuronale Netze simulieren in einer vereinfachten und abgewandelten Form den grundlegenden Aufbau des Gehirns und sind als eine leistungsf{\"a}hige Variante des maschinellen Lernens vielseitig einsetzbar, um komplexe Funktionen, z. B. in der Bild- und Sprachverarbeitung, aus großen Mengen von Daten zu lernen. Viele aktuelle und Aufsehen erregende Anwendungen der k{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz - leistungsf{\"a}hige ChatBots und Bildgeneratoren, Bilderkennung in Fahrassistenzsystemen, die Erkennung von Krankheitsbildern in der bildgebenden Diagnostik, Prognosen im Finanzwesen und viele mehr - beruhen auf k{\"u}nstlichen neuronalen Netzen. Dieses Kapitel behandelt den Grundaufbau eines einzelnen k{\"u}nstlichen Neurons und eines mehrschichtigen neuronalen Netzes. Es wird erkl{\"a}rt, wie ein neuronales Netz Eingaben verarbeitet und wie es mit Daten trainiert werden kann, um eine bestimmte Funktion auszuf{\"u}hren.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KerstenBuzinHirsch2024, author = {Kersten, Philipp and Buzin, Johannes and Hirsch, S{\"o}ren}, title = {Wireless Sensor Nodes for Condition Based Maintenance in Railway Systems}, series = {IEEE Sensors Conference, Kobe, Japan, 2024}, booktitle = {IEEE Sensors Conference, Kobe, Japan, 2024}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10784508}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of railway systems is increasingly critical in global transportation networks. This paper addresses the necessity for advanced monitoring systems by introducing a multivariate energy-efficient wireless sensor node designed for proactive maintenance in rail applications.}, language = {en} } @incollection{MichaeliKitzelmannSeegereretal.2024, author = {Michaeli, Tilman and Kitzelmann, Emanuel and Seegerer, Stefan and Romeike, Ralf}, title = {Lernen aus Daten}, series = {Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte}, booktitle = {Furbach, U., Kitzelmann, E., Michaeli, T., Schmid, U. (Hrsg.) K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4_3}, pages = {25 -- 38}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In diesem Kapitel werden Grundlagen des maschinellen Lernens erl{\"a}utert und von wissensbasierten Ans{\"a}tzen K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz abgegrenzt. Dazu werden verschiedene Ans{\"a}tze des maschinellen Lernens unterschieden und an Beispielen ausgef{\"u}hrt. Aufbauend hierauf werden gesellschaftliche Bez{\"u}ge und Implikationen beleuchtet.}, language = {de} } @article{VollmerEberhardt2024, author = {Vollmer, Michael and Eberhardt, Wolfgang}, title = {Ein einfaches Modell f{\"u}r die Vorhersage von CO2 Konzentrationen in der Atmosph{\"a}re in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von globalen CO2 Emissionen}, series = {PhyDid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung}, volume = {1}, journal = {PhyDid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung}, number = {1}, publisher = {FU Berlin}, organization = {Fachverband Didaktik der Physik}, issn = {2191-379X}, pages = {379 -- 388}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Es wird das vielleicht einfachst m{\"o}gliche Modell vorgestellt, mit dem zeitabh{\"a}ngige CO2 Konzent-rationen c(t) in der Atmosph{\"a}re ausgehend von verschiedenen globalen Emissionsszenarien f{\"u}r CO2berechnet werden. Dazu wird eine einzelne inhomogene lineare Differenzialgleichung 1. Ordnung hergeleitet, deren Parameter sich aus den quantitativen Daten des global carbon project sowie Mauna Loa Daten f{\"u}r CO2 Konzentrationen errechnen. Das Modell wird erstens getestet am Zeitraum 1960 bis 2020 mit vergleichsweise guter quantitativer {\"U}bereinstimmung zu Messdaten. Zweitens wird f{\"u}r zwei typische IPCC Emissions-Szenarien ein Vergleich der Modellvorhersagen mit denen der kom-plexen IPCC Earth-System-Klimamodelle diskutiert mit qualitativer {\"U}bereinstimmung des zeitli-chen Verlaufs. Drittens werden Ergebnisse einiger ausgew{\"a}hlter neuer Emissionsszenarien pr{\"a}sen-tiert. Ungeachtet einiger Abweichungen zu komplexeren Klimamodellen zeichnet sich unser Mo-dell durch zwei wichtige Vorteile f{\"u}r die Lehre aus. Zum einen ist es sehr einfach f{\"u}r Studierende und begabte Sch{\"u}ler nutzbar, da die erforderliche L{\"o}sung der Differentialgleichung bereits mit han-dels{\"u}blicher Tabellenkalkulationssoftware wie z.B. Excel programmiert werden kann. Dadurch ge-stattet es zum anderen auch sehr einfach, den zeitlichen Verlauf von Emissionsszenarien zu ver{\"a}n-dern und innerhalb weniger Sekunden Ver{\"a}nderungen aufgrund ge{\"a}nderter Eingaben zu berechnen. Insofern eignet sich das Modell sehr gut als Einstieg in das Thema Klimamodellierung in einf{\"u}hren-den Hochschulvorlesungen zum Themenbereich Kohlenstoffkreislauf und Klimawandel. In der Schule kann es gegen Ende der Sekundarstufe 2 beispielsweise im Projektunterricht zum Themen-komplex Nachhaltigkeit in Physik und/oder Mathematik eingesetzt werden}, language = {de} } @techreport{Schiller2024, author = {Schiller, Carina}, title = {IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.2.3 Gemeinsamer Lessons-Learned-Bericht zu Beratung}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.13349762}, pages = {15}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Beratung von Forschenden spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Umsetzung und Etablierung des Forschungsdatenmanagements (FDM) im Forschungsalltag. Nach wie vor ben{\"o}tigen viele Forschende Unterst{\"u}tzung im Umgang mit ihren Forschungsdaten. Dies kann einerseits durch einen eher generischen Kenntnisstand zum Thema FDM bedingt sein, andererseits stellt der FDM-Kosmos einen hochfluiden Bereich dar - mit fortlaufend aktualisierten oder g{\"a}nzlich neuen Tools und Infrastrukturen sowie ver{\"a}nderten Anforderungen an Forschende auch von Seiten der Forschungsf{\"o}rderer. Eine zentrale FDM-Anlaufstelle f{\"u}r die Ratsuchenden ist an den Hochschulen unerl{\"a}sslich und folglich auch unter den Maßnahmen des Verbundprojekts „IN-FDM-BB - Institutionalisiertes und nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement in Brandenburg" zu finden. Seit Oktober 2022 (Projektbeginn) werden an den beteiligten brandenburgischen Hochschulen entsprechende FDM-Kontaktpunkte auf- bzw. ausgebaut um die (Erst-)Beratung von Forschenden durchf{\"u}hren zu k{\"o}nnen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden unterst{\"u}tzende Angebote etwa f{\"u}r rechtliche/ethische Fragen konzipiert und etabliert, um eine umfassende Beratung auch f{\"u}r spezifische Aspekte des FDMs zu erm{\"o}glichen. Bedarfsgerechte Materialien und Handreichungen, ebenso Bestandteil des Projektplans, erg{\"a}nzen das individuelle Beratungsangebot. Der vorliegende Werkstattbericht stellt Erkenntnisse und Herausforderungen der Erprobungsphase dar und skizziert Ans{\"a}tze, um diesen Herausforderungen l{\"o}sungsorientiert begegnen zu k{\"o}nnen. Wertvolle Einblicke in die Beratungspraxis aller am Projekt beteiligter Hochschulen bilden dabei die Grundlage.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{PepeLasenbyBuchholz2024, author = {Pepe, Alberto and Lasenby, Joan and Buchholz, Sven}, title = {GA-ReLU: an activation function for Geometric Algebra Networks applied to 2D Navier-Stokes PDEs}, series = {ICLR 2024 Workshop on AI4DifferentialEquations In Science, Wien, {\"O}sterreich}, booktitle = {ICLR 2024 Workshop on AI4DifferentialEquations In Science, Wien, {\"O}sterreich}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Many differential equations describing physical phenomena are intrinsically geometric in nature. It has been demonstrated how this geometric structure of data can be captured effectively through networks sitting in Geometric Algebra (GA) that work with multivectors, making them suitable candidates to solve differential equations. GA networks however, are still mostly uncharted territory. In this paper we focus on non-linearities, since applying them to multivectors is not a trivial task: they are generally applied in a point-wise fashion over each real-valued component of a multivector. This approach discards interactions between different elements of the multivector input and compromises the geometric nature of GA networks. To bridge this gap, we propose GA-ReLU, a GA approach to the rectified linear unit (ReLU), and show how it can improve the solution of Navier-Stokes PDEs.}, language = {en} } @article{VollmerEberhardt2024, author = {Vollmer, Michael and Eberhardt, Wolfgang}, title = {A simple model for the prediction of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, depending on global CO2 emissions}, series = {European Journal of Physics}, volume = {45}, journal = {European Journal of Physics}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6404/ad230d}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We present a very simple model for estimating time dependent atmospheric CO2 concentrations c(t) from global carbon emission scenarios, serving as single input data. We derive a single linear differential equation of 1st order, based on parameters which are estimated from quantitative data of the global carbon project and Mauna Loa data for CO2 concentrations. The model is tested first by comparing it to the 1960-2021 period with reasonably good quantitative agreement and, second to two of the typical current IPCC scenarios with good qualitative agreement. Finally, some new emission scenarios are modelled. Despite several drawbacks concerning absolute quantitative predictions, there are two important advantages of the model. First, it can be easily executed by students already with simple programmable spreadsheet programs such as Excel. Second input emission scenarios can be changed easily and expected changes are immediately seen for discussion during undergraduate and graduate courses on the carbon cycle and climate change.}, language = {en} } @article{KloppTrittelStannarius2024, author = {Klopp, Christoph and Trittel, Torsten and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Coarsening of quasi two-dimensional emulsions formed by islands in free-standing smectic films}, series = {ChemPhysChem}, volume = {25}, journal = {ChemPhysChem}, number = {12}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1002/cphc.202400166}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We study the coarsening behavior of assemblies of islands on smectic A freely suspended films in ISS microgravity experiments. The islands can be regarded as liquid inclusions in a two-dimensional fluid in analogy to liquid droplets of the discontinuous phase of an emulsion. The coarsening is effectuated by two processes, predominantly by island coalescence, but to some extend also by Ostwald ripening, whereby large islands grow at the expense of surrounding smaller ones. A peculiarity of this system is that the continuous and the discontinuous phases consist of the same material. We determine the dynamics, analyze the self-similar aging of the island size distribution and discuss characteristic exponents of the mean island growth.}, language = {en} } @article{KloppStannarius2024, author = {Klopp, Christoph and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Rupture of thin nematic walls between isotropic droplets of the same mesogenic material}, series = {Liquid Crystals}, volume = {51}, journal = {Liquid Crystals}, number = {5}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/02678292.2024.2325619}, pages = {783 -- 797}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We prepared isotropic droplets surrounded by nematic fringes in smectic A freely suspended films. During their coalescence, a thin nematic film is formed that acts as a barrier and separates the isotropic cores of these droplets. This film ruptures in the course of the droplet merging process. The observation of the film dynamics provides an exceptional opportunity to study the rupture of a thin liquid barrier embedded in a surrounding viscous liquid. A detailed dynamic characterisation of the nematic walls is performed. Qualitatively similar observations have been reported in 3D for oil drops coalescing in water and vice versa, where the rupture of an intermediate thin fluid film retards the merging process. The peculiarity of the system reported here is that the material of the droplets and the membrane is identical.}, language = {en} } @article{Vollmer2024, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Limitations of the eye and how to overcome them}, series = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, volume = {2750}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/2750/1/012001}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Human eyes have spatial, temporal, and spectral limitations which impose constraints on our perception. With appropriate optical devices and cameras, the limitations can be easily overcome. As a consequence, a huge variety of physical phenomena can be made accessible for teaching.}, language = {en} } @article{ArslanBruecherDemiretal.2024, author = {Arslan, Eda and Br{\"u}cher, Viktoria and Demir, Gokce and Liekfeld, Anja}, title = {Gender distribution of scientific contributions at German ophthalmological conferences - a baseline study}, series = {Die Ophthalmologie}, volume = {122}, journal = {Die Ophthalmologie}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {2731-7218}, doi = {10.1007/s00347-024-02154-x}, pages = {100 -- 106}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The proportion of female ophthalmologists in Germany has risen to approximately 50\% in recent years, and approximately 66\% of medical students are women. This represents a reversal of the past situation with a male predominance. Despite this change, many international studies show that women are still underrepresented at scientific conferences, particularly among invited speakers, chairpersons, and program committees. This study aims to investigate whether these differences in gender representation are also reflected at German ophthalmological congresses and whether the situation has changed in recent years. MethodsData collection covered the years 2013, 2022, and 2023 and included the congresses of the five large German ophthalmological associations: the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG), German Ophthalmic Surgical Society (DOC), German Ophthalmological Academy (AAD), German Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (DGII) and the German Retinological Society (RG). Data were collected based on online programs and information provided by the offices and the managing committees. The numbers of female and male speakers and chairpersons were identified, as were the gender distributions of the specific program committees. Overall, the percentage of female speakers across all years and conferences surveyed averaged 25\%, while female chairs averaged 17\%. The percentage of females in the program committees ranged from 0\% to 17\%. There was an increase in the percentage of female speakers over 10 years (2013-2023). For the DOG (ptrend < 0.01) and the DOC (ptrend = 0.01) there was a significant rise, while it was highest at the DOG (37\%) and lowest at the DGII (11\%). The percentage of female chairs was in general lower than the percentage of female speakers for all conferences (between 11\% and 26\% in 2023). Only for the DOG was there a statistically significant increase over the 10 years (ptrend < 0.01). The representation of women as speakers and chairpersons at German ophthalmology conferences is low; these continue to be predominantly male dominated. Although there has been an increase in female representation over time, it remains lower than the overall proportion of women in the profession in 2023. Significant differences are observed between the various ophthalmological conferences. Further investigation into the underrepresentation of women at these conferences is necessary, and measures to encourage greater female participation at congresses should be implemented.}, language = {en} } @article{DegenStormsLeeetal.2024, author = {Degen, Jacqueline and Storms, Mona and Lee, Benjamin and Jechow, Andreas and Stoeckl, Anna and Hoelker, Franz and Jakhar, Aryan and Walter, Thomas and Walter, Stefan and Mitesser, Oliver and Hovestadt, Thomas and Degen, Tobias}, title = {Shedding light with harmonic radar: Unveiling the hidden impacts of streetlights on moth flight behavior}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {121}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {42}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2401215121}, year = {2024}, abstract = {One of the most dramatic changes occurring on our planet is the ever- increasing extensive use of artificial light at night, which drastically altered the environment to which nocturnal animals are adapted. Such light pollution has been identified as a driver in the dramatic insect decline of the past years. One nocturnal species group experiencing marked declines are moths, which play a key role in food webs and ecosystem services such as plant pollination. Moths can be easily monitored within the illuminated area of a streetlight, where they typically exhibit disoriented behavior. Yet, little is known about their behavior beyond the illuminated area. Harmonic radar tracking enabled us to close this knowledge gap. We found a significant change in flight behavior beyond the illuminated area of a streetlight. A detailed analysis of the recorded trajectories revealed a barrier effect of streetlights on lappet moths whenever the moon was not available as a natural celestial cue. Furthermore, streetlights increased the tortuosity of flights for both hawk moths and lappet moths. Surprisingly, we had to reject our fundamental hypothesis that most individuals would fly toward a streetlight. Instead, this was true for only 4\% of the tested individuals, indicating that the impact of light pollution might be more severe than assumed to date. Our results provide experimental evidence for the fragmentation of landscapes by streetlights and demonstrate that light pollution affects movement patterns of moths beyond what was previously assumed, potentially affecting their reproductive success and hampering a vital ecosystem service.}, language = {en} } @article{StrachanWinkel2024, author = {Strachan, Laura M. and Winkel, Carmen}, title = {Oral Histories of Social, Cultural, and Environmental Changes in Saudi Arabia Before and After Saudi Aramco}, series = {Social Change}, volume = {54}, journal = {Social Change}, number = {4}, publisher = {Sage}, doi = {10.1177/00490857241278782}, pages = {561 -- 576}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Saudi Aramco's influence upon the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia cannot be overstated. After the discovery of oil in 1938, a nationwide metamorphosis began to infiltrate desert communities, sleepy fishing villages, and traditional urban centres ultimately influencing the people and their environments in unimaginable ways. Becoming one of the world's largest oil producers has meant the loss and/or transformation of traditional ways of life. Shepherds, pearl divers, fishermen, and farmers are today's business owners, executives, and international leaders. How could the development of a single company influence a country and its populace so dramatically? Besides the financial gains, how were individuals, families, and ecosystems affected? What were some of the personal challenges experienced by Saudi citizens? In this paper, the authors address these questions and others using local Saudi knowledge. In total, 20 female university students who participated in an oral history project interviewed their family members to learn how Saudi Aramco affected them personally, their traditions, landscapes, and society more generally. Excerpts from the interviews are highlighted to expose the nuances experienced by the various research participants.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FitzScheeg2024, author = {Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {Content-And-Review Platform Engagement of End-Users and Local Businesses - An Explorative Analysis Based on Google Maps Data}, series = {Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation. ICDEc 2024. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, volume = {530}, booktitle = {Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation. ICDEc 2024. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-76365-6_12}, pages = {179 -- 192}, year = {2024}, abstract = {One fundamental value proposition of every digital platform is to facilitate transactions between two or more stakeholders. Active user engagement is therefore a crucial success factor for platforms to thrive, grow and establish a competitive network. This paper delves into the topic of platform engagement on content-and-review platforms by using Google Maps as a research tool. Applying a qualitative approach, a descriptive analysis of local business entities' data on Google Maps is elaborated, focusing particularly on engagement activi-ties in the conjunction of business-owners and end-users. The findings suggest that under-, over-, and non-engagement are less desirable for local business entities. Following a practice-oriented discussion, strategic pathways are proposed to leverage business value from platform engagement activities.}, language = {en} } @article{Broscheit2024, author = {Broscheit, Jessica}, title = {Inspired by animal species: biomimicry in participatory research}, series = {Information technology : it}, volume = {66}, journal = {Information technology : it}, number = {2-3}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1515/itit-2023-0121}, pages = {56 -- 63}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Inspired by the rich tapestry of nature, biomimicry encourages designers, engineers, and researchers to draw inspiration from the natural world to create technological solutions. However, little is known about the usage of biomimicry in participatory research involving local people without technical expertise. In this paper, we present two case studies to explore how performative biomimicry is when applied in a participatory research process with local people of different ages. To this end, we conducted two different case studies and asked our participants to analyze the characteristics of different animal species to design an interactive prototype that addresses a specific task. Both case studies demonstrated promising potential for biomimicry, as the participants drew inspiration from animal species to develop functional prototypes and narratives that resonate on an emotional level. Finally, we discuss the benefits of integrating biomimicry in participatory research and how this method could be used to promote social change and transformation in the society, for example, in STEM education, digital literacy, and environmental awareness.}, language = {en} } @article{PuzyrevTorstenHarthetal.2024, author = {Puzyrev, Dmitry and Torsten, Torsten and Harth, Kirsten and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Cooling of a granular gas mixture in microgravity}, series = {npj microgravity}, volume = {10}, journal = {npj microgravity}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Brandenburg an der Havel}, doi = {10.1038/s41526-024-00369-5}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Granular gases are fascinating non-equilibrium systems with interesting features such as spontaneous clustering and non-Gaussian velocity distributions. Mixtures of different components represent a much more natural composition than monodisperse ensembles but attracted comparably little attention so far. We present the observation and characterization of a mixture of rod-like particles with different sizes and masses in a drop tower experiment. Kinetic energy decay rates during granular cooling and collision rates were determined and Haff's law for homogeneous granular cooling was confirmed. Thereby, energy equipartition between the mixture components and between individual degrees of freedom is violated. Heavier particles keep a slightly higher average kinetic energy than lighter ones. Experimental results are supported by numerical simulations.}, language = {de} } @article{TrittelPuzyrevStannarius2024, author = {Trittel, Torsten and Puzyrev, Dmitry and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Platonic solids bouncing on a vibrating plate}, series = {Physical Review E}, volume = {109}, journal = {Physical Review E}, number = {3}, publisher = {APS}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.109.034903}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The energy transfer between bouncing particles and rigid boundaries during impacts is crucially influenced not only by restitution coefficients of the material but also by particle shapes. This is particularly important when such particles are mechanically agitated with vibrating plates. Inertial measurement units are able to measure all acceleration and rotational velocity components of an object and store these data for subsequent analysis. We employ them to measure the dynamics of cubes and icosahedra on vibrating plates to study the efficiency of energy transfer into the individual degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the excited object. The rotational DOFs turn out to be much less excited than the vertical translational motion. Most remarkably, there is only little difference between the two Platonic solids in both the absolute energies and the energy partition ratios.}, language = {en} } @article{TrittelPuzyrevHarthetal.2024, author = {Trittel, Torsten and Puzyrev, Dmitry and Harth, Kirsten and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {Rotational and translational motions in a homogeneously cooling granular gas}, series = {npj microgravity}, volume = {10}, journal = {npj microgravity}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1038/s41526-024-00420-5}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2024}, abstract = {A granular gas composed of monodisperse spherical particles was studied in microgravity experiments in a drop tower. Translations and rotations of the particles were extracted from optical video data. Equipartition is violated, the rotational degrees of freedom were excited only to roughly 2/3 of the translational ones. After stopping the mechanical excitation, we observed granular cooling of the ensemble for a period of three times the Haff time, where the kinetic energy dropped to about 5\% of its initial value. The cooling rates of all observable degrees of freedom were comparable, and the ratio of rotational and translational kinetic energies fluctuated around a constant value. The distributions of translational and rotational velocity components showed slight but systematic deviations from Gaussians at the start of cooling.}, language = {en} } @article{SteinWeberPilgermannetal.2024, author = {Stein, Stefan and Weber, Simon and Pilgermann, Michael and Schrader, Thomas and Sedlmayr, Martin}, title = {A Novel Approach to Medical Device IT Security Landscape Analysis Leveraging Manufacturer Disclosure Statements}, series = {IEEE Access}, journal = {IEEE Access}, number = {12}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, issn = {2169-3536}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3487824}, pages = {160506 -- 160515}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The growing number of cyberattacks targeting the healthcare sector increasingly threatens network-enabled medical devices that are vital for life-sustaining patient care. Security researchers and healthcare IT managers are pursuing effective methods to assess the IT security landscape of medical devices. Their goal is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the devices' IT security status. Recent studies have successfully uncovered structural deficiencies in medical device security. However, the limitations of their data sources, particularly in evaluating features like logging capabilities and third-party libraries, restrict the scope of their findings. In this study, we present the first systematic analysis of Manufacturer Disclosure Statement for Medical Device Security (MDS2) documents to evaluate their use in creating holistic statements regarding the IT security posture of medical devices. We examined a total of 147 MDS2 documents encompassing devices from 105 different classes. Our findings indicate that MDS2 documents, especially those from the second version (2013) onwards, are suitable for this purpose. We also discuss the shortcomings of the latest MDS2 version in meeting current IT security requirements. Based on the gaps identified, we developed several recommendations to improve MDS2 documents and enhance their effectiveness across the global healthcare sector. In the future, these documents could be used not only for comprehensive landscape analyses but also for organization-specific reports, providing healthcare managers with direct insights into the IT security status within their institutions.}, language = {en} } @article{WeberFegerPilgermann2024, author = {Weber, Simon B. and Feger, Marc and Pilgermann, Michael}, title = {Don't Stop Believin': A Unified Evaluation Approach for LLM Honeypots}, series = {IEEE Access}, journal = {IEEE Access}, number = {12}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3472460}, pages = {144579 -- 144587}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The research area of honeypots is gaining new momentum, driven by advancements in large language models (LLMs). The chat-based applications of generative pretrained transformer (GPT) models seem ideal for the use as honeypot backends, especially in request-response protocols like Secure Shell (SSH). By leveraging LLMs, many challenges associated with traditional honeypots - such as high development costs, ease of exposure, and breakout risks - appear to be solved. While early studies have primarily focused on the potential of these models, our research investigates the current limitations of GPT-3.5 by analyzing three datasets of varying complexity. We conducted an expert annotation of over 1,400 request-response pairs, encompassing 230 different base commands. Our findings reveal that while GPT-3.5 struggles to maintain context, incorporating session context into response generation improves the quality of SSH responses. Additionally, we explored whether distinguishing between convincing and non-convincing responses is a metrics issue. We propose a paraphrase-mining approach to address this challenge, which achieved a macro F1 score of 77.85\% using cosine distance in our evaluation. This method has the potential to reduce annotation efforts, converge LLM-based honeypot performance evaluation, and facilitate comparisons between new and previous approaches in future research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuellerFlassigFlassig2024, author = {M{\"u}ller, Katja and Flassig, Peter and Flassig, Robert}, title = {Numerical Simulations and Sensitivity Analysis of Ice Formation on Fan Blades}, series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2024: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, London, 2024}, booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2024: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, London, 2024}, publisher = {ASME}, isbn = {978-0-7918-8806-3}, doi = {10.1115/GT2024-125715}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In-flight icing, the formation of ice during flight, poses risks to the safety and reliability of aircraft. Due to environmental conditions, ice accumulation occurs on the low-pressure compressor blades of an engine, diminishing aerodynamic performance and potentially causing damage to the engine. Numerical simulations of ice accretion are conducted on the blades of the NASA Rotor 67 utilizing the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS CFX and the in-flight icing software FENSAP-ICE. One-dimensional and two-dimensional sensitivity studies aim to analyze the influences of temperature, droplet diameter and liquid water content (LWC) on the resulting ice build-up on the blade. The analyses reveal that ice accumulates predominantly at the leading edge of the blade, where collection efficiency is maximal. Additionally, an ice layer forms at the blade root on the pressure side. While LWC and temperature exerts a significant influence on the ice mass, only a marginal impact on droplet diameter is observed.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{HeinlPatapovasPilgermann2024, author = {Heinl, Patrizia and Patapovas, Andrius and Pilgermann, Michael}, title = {Towards AI-enabled Cyber Threat Assessment in the Health Sector}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2409.12765}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Cyber attacks on the healthcare industry can have tremendous consequences and the attack surface expands continuously. In order to handle the steadily rising workload, an expanding amount of analog processes in healthcare institutions is digitized. Despite regulations becoming stricter, not all existing infrastructure is sufficiently protected against cyber attacks. With an increasing number of devices and digital processes, the system and network landscape becomes more complex and harder to manage and therefore also more difficult to protect. The aim of this project is to introduce an AI-enabled platform that collects security relevant information from the outside of a health organization, analyzes it, delivers a risk score and supports decision makers in healthcare institutions to optimize investment choices for security measures. Therefore, an architecture of such a platform is designed, relevant information sources are identified, and AI methods for relevant data collection, selection, and risk scoring are explored.}, language = {en} } @book{GrunwaldSchwill2024, author = {Grunwald, Guido and Schwill, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Workbook Marktforschung: Konzepte - Methoden - Umsetzung}, edition = {1}, publisher = {Sch{\"a}ffer-Poeschel}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {9783791062495}, pages = {260}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Sowohl f{\"u}r die eigene Durchf{\"u}hrung von Marktforschungsstudien als auch f{\"u}r die Interpretation und Beurteilung von in Auftrag gegebenen Studien sind profunde Marktforschungskenntnisse unverzichtbar. Mit welcher Erhebungsmethode k{\"o}nnen Daten m{\"o}glichst unverzerrt gewonnen werden? Wie ist das Erhebungsdesign festzulegen, um einen hohen Datenr{\"u}cklauf zu erreichen? Wie k{\"o}nnen die Daten analysiert und interpretiert werden? Wie l{\"a}sst sich die Qualit{\"a}t der Studie und der Ergebnisse einsch{\"a}tzen? Wie k{\"o}nnen die Ergebnisse zielgruppengerecht pr{\"a}sentiert werden? Das Workbook Marktforschung bietet Praktiker:innen und Studierenden einen schnellen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Konzeption, Durchf{\"u}hrung und Beurteilung von Marktforschungsstudien. Dabei werden die zentralen Methoden der qualitativen und quantitativen Forschung zur Erhebung und Analyse von Marktdaten abgedeckt. Die Tools werden in kompakt-strukturierter Form pr{\"a}sentiert und anhand von Beispielen erl{\"a}utert. Zu jedem Tool gibt es hilfreiche Tipps f{\"u}r die praktische Umsetzung.}, language = {de} } @book{FurbachMichaeliSchmidetal.2024, author = {Furbach, Ulrich and Michaeli, Tilman and Schmid, Ute and Kitzelmann, Emanuel}, title = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte: Eine fachliche Einf{\"u}hrung mit didaktischen Hinweisen}, publisher = {Springer}, isbn = {9783658442477}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-44248-4}, pages = {241}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @techreport{WeberPilgermannSteinetal.2024, author = {Weber, Simon and Pilgermann, Michael and Stein, Stefan and Schrader, Thomas}, title = {SzA4Hosp - Systeme zur Angriffserkennung in der Medizinischen Versorgung}, organization = {Technische Hochschule Brandenburg}, doi = {10.25933/opus4-3207}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:522-opus4-32075}, pages = {85}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Dieser Abschlussbericht stellt das Ergebnis der Projektarbeit {\"u}ber die Implementierung von Systemen zur Angriffserkennung (SzA) in deutschen Krankenh{\"a}usern im Kontext des IT-Sicherheitsgesetzes 2.0 und des branchenspezifischen Sicherheitsstandards (B3S) f{\"u}r die medizinische Versorgung dar. Ziel des Projekts war es, den aktuellen Umsetzungsstand von SzA in deutschen Krankenh{\"a}usern zu analysieren und Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die Weiterentwicklung des B3S zu erarbeiten. Die Analyse basiert auf einer umfangreichen Befragung von Krankenhausbetreibern, Expertengespr{\"a}chen sowie der Auswertung relevanter nationaler und internationaler Standards und Good Practices. Die Ergebnisse zeigen deutliche Unterschiede im Reifegrad der SzA-Implementierung zwischen verschiedenen Bereichen, wobei die Informationstechnik branchenweit am fortgeschrittensten ist. Der Bericht bietet konkrete Vorschl{\"a}ge zur Verbesserung der IT-Sicherheitslage in Krankenh{\"a}usern und betont die Notwendigkeit kontinuierlicher Weiterentwicklungen der SzA-Systeme, um den steigenden Anforderungen der IT-Sicherheit in der station{\"a}ren Versorgung gerecht zu werden.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {de} } @article{JechowBumbergerPalmetal.2024, author = {Jechow, Andreas and Bumberger, Jan and Palm, Bert and Remmler, Paul and Schreck, G{\"u}nter and Ogashawara, Igor and Kiel, Christine and Kohnert, Katrin and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Singer, Gabirel A. and Nejstgaard, Jens C. and Wollrab, Sabine and Berger, Stella A. and H{\"o}lker, Franz}, title = {Characterizing and Implementing the Hamamatsu C12880MA Mini-Spectrometer for Near-Surface Reflectance Measurements of Inland Waters}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {24}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/s24196445}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In recent decades, inland water remote sensing has seen growing interest and very strong development. This includes improved spatial resolution, increased revisiting times, advanced multispectral sensors and recently even hyperspectral sensors. However, inland waters are more challenging than oceanic waters due to their higher complexity of optically active constituents and stronger adjacency effects due to their small size and nearby vegetation and built structures. Thus, bio-optical modeling of inland waters requires higher ground-truthing efforts. Large-scale ground-based sensor networks that are robust, self-sufficient, non-maintenance-intensive and low-cost could assist this otherwise labor-intensive task. Furthermore, most existing sensor systems are rather expensive, precluding their employability. Recently, low-cost mini-spectrometers have become widely available, which could potentially solve this issue. In this study, we analyze the characteristics of such a mini-spectrometer, the Hamamatsu C12880MA, and test it regarding its application in measuring water-leaving radiance near the surface. Overall, the measurements performed in the laboratory and in the field show that the system is very suitable for the targeted application.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HagenHascheCreutzburg2024, author = {Hagen, Dirk and Hasche, Eberhard and Creutzburg, Reiner M.}, title = {The 300th anniversary of Immanuel Kant: opportunities and challenges of the mega-event with ethically oriented XR and VFX}, series = {SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2024, National Harbor, Maryland, United States}, booktitle = {SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2024, National Harbor, Maryland, United States}, doi = {10.1117/12.3025603}, pages = {193 -- 204}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The 300th birthday of the world-famous German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) in 2024 offers an extraordinary opportunity to explore integrating advanced technologies into cultural mega-events. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of using various technologies, such as Extended Reality (XR) and Visual Effects (VFX), to bring this essential European intellectual to a broader audience. These technologies, including technological advances based on real-time rendering in conjunction with LED volumes and high-quality 3D assets, offer immersive and interactive event experiences. However, the use of these technologies presents specific challenges, such as processing limitations and the need to create specialized content, including the development of 3D models relevant to the life and philosophy of Immanuel Kant. This article provides an overview of the current state of such opportunities and challenges and examines their application in the context of this cultural mega-event. The aim is to create a compelling event experience, e.g., as part of a museum visit, while simultaneously using technology in a meaningful educational way. It is essential not to overload historical and intellectual personalities such as Immanuel Kant with technological possibilities in the sense of an ethical responsibility. At the same time, the creation and communication of knowledge require explanation in a museum context or another explanatory framework.}, language = {en} } @article{OgashawaraWollrabBergeretal.2024, author = {Ogashawara, Igor and Wollrab, Sabine and Berger, Stella A. and Kiel, Christine and Jechow, Andreas and Guislain, Alexis L. N. and Gege, Peter and Ruhtz, Thomas and Hieronymi, Martin and Schneider, Thomas and Lischeid, Gunnar and Singer, Gabriel A. and H{\"o}lker, Franz and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Nejstgaard, Jens Christian}, title = {Unleashing the power of remote sensing data in aquatic research: Guidelines for optimal utilization}, series = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters}, journal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1002/lol2.10427}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The growing utilization of remote sensing data in lake studies provides crucial spatial insights into biogeochemistry and biology. However, clarity regarding the development and intended use of remote sensing products is often lacking. This letter aims to elucidate the tradeoffs for the utilization of remote sensing data in limnological studies with an example of based on the estimation of chlorophyll a due to its importance as a water quality indicator. The analysis initiates with a meticulous product selection, requiring an evaluation of its capacity to address the optical complexity of freshwater systems. Assessing atmospheric correction and product limitations ensures alignment with the study's objectives. Subsequently, rigorous validation of remote sensing products is essential, accompanied by a cautious interpretation of the data. This letter advocates for the use of remote sensing data, offering key strategies for their optimal utilization in lake studies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TranconyWidemannLepper2024, author = {Tranc{\´o}n y Widemann, Baltasar and Lepper, Markus}, title = {Imagine There's No Source Code: Replay Diagnostic Location Information in Dynamic EDSL Meta-programming}, series = {MPLR 2024: Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Managed Programming Languages and Runtimes}, booktitle = {MPLR 2024: Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Managed Programming Languages and Runtimes}, editor = {Ertl, M. Anton and Kirsch, Christoph M.}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, doi = {10.1145/3679007.3685061}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Programs in embedded domain-specific languages are realized as graphs of objects of the host language rather than as static input texts. This property enables dynamic meta-programming, but also makes it harder to attach location information to diagnostic messages that arise at a later stage, after the program graph construction. Thus, EDSL-generating expressions and algorithms can be difficult to debug. Here, we present a technique for transparently capturing and replaying location information about the origin of EDSL program objects. It has been implemented in the context of the LLJava-live EDSL-to-bytecode compiler framework on the JVM. The basic idea can be generalized to other contexts, and to any managed runtime environment with reified stack traces}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FitzScheegScheeg2024, author = {Fitz, Lukas R. G. and Scheeg, Michaela and Scheeg, Jochen}, title = {Information, Inspiration, Innovation - Designing an Open Innovation Platform for SME Digital Transformation Projects}, series = {CENTERIS - International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems / ProjMAN - International Conference on Project MANagement / HCist - International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies 2023}, booktitle = {CENTERIS - International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems / ProjMAN - International Conference on Project MANagement / HCist - International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies 2023}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.276}, pages = {11009 -- 11114}, year = {2024}, abstract = {When small- and medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) pursue digital transformation (DT) projects, awareness for available solutions and exploration of best practices and collaboration opportunities belong to key activities. This short paper presents background, design and preliminary evaluation of an open innovation (OI) platform for SME DT, which showcases projects completed by collaborating expert institutions and offers new project pitches. Initial findings from user tests with SME practitioners indicate that the solution supports SMEs in DT exploration phases. Moreover, insights on SME OI platform design criteria are derived.}, language = {en} }