@article{Levina2021, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Implementing Ethical Issues into the Recommender Systems Design Using the Data Processing Pipeline}, series = {International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems}, volume = {14}, journal = {International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems}, number = {1 \& 2}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {153 -- 163}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2021, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Towards Implementation of Ethical Issues into the Recommender Systems Design}, series = {ICCGI 2021, The Sixteenth International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology, held in Nice, France during July 18 - 22, 2021}, booktitle = {ICCGI 2021, The Sixteenth International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology, held in Nice, France during July 18 - 22, 2021}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{LevinaFrosch2023, author = {Levina, Olga and Frosch, Katharina}, title = {How little code is low-code? -Towards productivity measures for the use of low-code development platforms by business user developers}, series = {The International Journal on Advances in Software}, volume = {16}, journal = {The International Journal on Advances in Software}, number = {3 \& 4}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {215 -- 223}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Low code development platforms (LCDP) often promise an easy and fast way to include data processing and support into the otherwise non-digital process. This research explores how to measure the productivity of low code development to assess the effort needed for business users to respond to their need for support via these tools. We chose field experiments as a research method to evaluate the feasibility and derive the metrics for software development with LCDP by novices. The paper provides some insights on how these measures can be implemented in practice, how to support business unit developers to efficiently deliver productive results, and how to evaluate LCDP-based development processes.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FroschLevina2023, author = {Frosch, Katharina and Levina, Olga}, title = {Taking the Matter in their own Hands - Can Business Unit Developers Fullfill their Digital Demands with Low-Code Development Platforms?}, series = {Konferenz: IARIA ICDS 2023, The Seventeenth International Conference on Digital Society; Venice (Italy)}, booktitle = {Konferenz: IARIA ICDS 2023, The Seventeenth International Conference on Digital Society; Venice (Italy)}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Low Code Development Platforms (LCDP) often promise an easy and fast way to include data processing and support into the otherwise non-digital process. Nevertheless, it often remains unclear, besides anecdotal evidence, how business users are getting on with transformation of business requirements into the software. This research explores the potential low code development has for business users to address their needs for process support via software tools. The experiment was chosen as the research method to assess the feasibility of software development with LCDP by novices. The results point towards a dedicated LCDP implementation approach if the technology is to be implemented in the business context. Hence, the research provides suggestions on how Business Unit Developers (BUD) can be supported to efficiently deliver productive results and how to assess LCDP-based development process and points towards potential challenges of LCDP implementation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2023, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Mobile Instant Messaging and User Interface Design -Different Age Groups, Different Requirements? A survey of Indonesian users}, series = {Konferenz: IARIA ICDS 2023, The Seventeenth International Conference on Digital Society; Venice, Italy}, booktitle = {Konferenz: IARIA ICDS 2023, The Seventeenth International Conference on Digital Society; Venice, Italy}, publisher = {IARIA}, pages = {5 -- 8}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Instant Messaging (IM) is an increasingly popular form of communication in which two or more people exchange text-based multi-media messages in real time. However, as a result of aging, users have different needs and requirements towards the design of the communication application. This paper examines the preferences of users of different ages towards the User Interface (UI) design of Mobile Instant Massage (MIM) applications, i.e., instant message applications that can operate on smartphones. An online survey data about users' preferences towards the UI of this application type, limited to Indonesian users, was obtained. The results indicate that for some UI elements, both age groups showed the same preferences, while other requirements were significantly different. This paper aims to give a better understanding of the interface of the MIM application preferred by its users according to their age and thus inform application designers and product owners.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BollowFroschGrunzetal.2024, author = {Bollow, Maximilian and Frosch, Katharina and Grunz, Angelina and H{\"a}dicke, Svenja and Judge, Rabina and Levina, Olga}, title = {Using Advanced Learning Technologies to Boost Sustainability Education: The Role of AI-based Chatbots}, series = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, booktitle = {EDEN 2024 Annual Conference, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2024}, pages = {92 -- 93}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In the face of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, the everchanging knowledge base of sustainability and therelated learning become vital. This applies especially to the field of sustainable digitalization. The literature providesgaps in the combination of sustainable digitalization with learning, due to the rapid developments and innovationsin this field.AI-based Chatbots could be a solution to rapidly build knowledge in this fast-evolving field, as they are able to drawupon a large body of recent knowledge and allow personalized, individual learning. They are created to understandquestions and respond to users via text, voice, or avatar in an interactive manner to facilitate learning (AI-Abdullatif,2023). Thus, AI-based Chatbots could enhance student-centered e-learning, which has shown to be a valuable toolfor sustainability literacy (Diamond \& Irwin, 2013). Nonetheless, existing research does not yet provide sufficientevidence on what learning outcomes (e.g., knowledge acquisition) can be achieved with this AI-based approach tolearning. Therefore, it is crucial for us to determine whether and how they can be effectively utilized for this purpose.In this study, we examine the impact of AI-based Chatbots on learning outcomes in the context of sustainabledigitalization, in comparison to conventional digital learning methods. We conduct a field experiment with a pre-and post-test assessing the respective level of knowledge and sustainability-related competencies amongparticipants. The participants of the study (N=269) engage with different types of supported learning activitiesrelated to sustainable development. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four advanced learningtechnologies: a) AI-assisted personal tutoring (Chatbot), b) non-AI-based conversational learning and c) interactivevideo with embedded activities. Variations in learning outcomes depending on design characteristics of the learningactivity will be measured using the Self-Perceived Action Competence for Sustainability Questionnaire (SPACS-Q)(Olsson et al., 2020) as well as as well as a set of questions to assess knowledge retention.Results indicate that AI-based chatbots may be a viable method to enhance knowledge about practices in sustainabledigitalization. However, sustainability action competencies, such as confidence in one's own influence on shaping amore sustainable future and the willingness to undertake concrete actions, which may require higher-order learningprocesses, are not positively affected by short learning activities with our AI-based chatbot. We found evidence thatnon-AI-based learning activities yield similar increases in building knowledge on sustainable digitalization but alsosignificantly enhance sustainability action competencies related to potential behavioral changes.What does learner-centered pedagogy look like in reimagining the digital classroom of the future?93Assuming that our results are generalizable to other learning topics, the evidence found in this study suggests thatAI-based chatbots can contribute to addressing our most significant transformational challenges, all characterizedby a rapidly evolving knowledge base. Further research is particularly needed with respect to the preferable designcharacteristics of digital learning activities (both AI-based and non-AI-based) to achieve optimal outcomes in buildingsustainability competencies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LevinaMattern2023, author = {Levina, Olga and Mattern, Saskia}, title = {Ethical and Legal Analysis of Machine Learning Based Systems: A Scenario Analysis of a Food Recommender System}, series = {Recommender Systems: Legal and Ethical Issues}, booktitle = {Recommender Systems: Legal and Ethical Issues}, isbn = {978-3-031-34806-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-34804-4_9}, pages = {165 -- 185}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Laws are the reflection of the ethical and moral principles of the society. While the use of technology influences users' behavior in a pace that is affected by the technology introduction to the market, legal activities can be driven by the society as the results of such interactions. This scenario analysis- based research focuses on a classic but fictional food recommender system and the ethical issues that might occur from its usage. The recommender system is taken here as an example of machine learning-based systems (MLS) that can often be found in the individual, business and administrative applications. The research compares the existing legal solutions, with the focus on the GDPR legislation, and the discovered ethical issues. The ethical analysis is led along the ALTAI principles suggested by the European Commission, the common good approach as well as the general principles constituted in human rights. While the GDPR-based analysis showed that this data- and privacy-based legislation addressed most of the identified ethical issues, questions related to the common good approach in the context of environment and mobility that arise due to the wide spectrum of the MLS usage require further legal discussion. The application of the two approaches shows that conducting the ethical and legal analysis is beneficial for both the designers of such MLS as well as the legal actors. The findings can enhance the design and functions of a user-facing MLS as well as influence or validate legal activities.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2023, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Operationalizing Ethics for Information Systems Design - A Tool for Ethical Software}, series = {Konferenz: Twenty-ninth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Panama, 2023}, booktitle = {Konferenz: Twenty-ninth Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Panama, 2023}, pages = {4}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Propagation of information technology in the increasingly diverse domains, raises question concerning moral implications. While the number of ethical principles in the IT design is growing, they do not necessarily apply to specific products, which means developers and e.g. purchasing agent need to contextualize them for each specific IT product. This paper describes an actionable artifact that allows assessment of ethical non-functional requirements of an information system through operationalization of ethical values, Ethical Software Assessment Tool (ESAT). It is based on a survey of values that are currently considered in research and practice as well as in legal initiatives in IT context. The ethical approach and principles operationalized in ESAT are presented and discussed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Levina2022, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Transparency as a Potential Factor for Implementation of Machine Learning-based Systems}, series = {AMCIS 2022 Proceedings}, booktitle = {AMCIS 2022 Proceedings}, publisher = {AIS Electronic Library (AISeL)}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @misc{Levina2021, author = {Levina, Olga}, title = {Maschinelles Lernen: Vertrauensw{\"u}rdigkeit und Verantwortung der Nutzenden}, year = {2021}, language = {de} }