@article{YuekselSchwarzCreutzburg2020, author = {Y{\"u}ksel, Benjamin and Schwarz, Klaus and Creutzburg, Reiner}, title = {AI-based anomaly detection for cyberattacks on Windows systems-Creation of a prototype for automated monitoring of the process environment}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, journal = {Electronic Imaging}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology}, address = {Springfield, VA}, issn = {2470-1173}, doi = {10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2020.3.MOBMU-331}, pages = {331-1 -- 331-13}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WidjajaLoeweCosta2018, author = {Widjaja, Agnes S. N. and L{\"o}we, Katharina and Costa, Felipe Salerno}, title = {Design and simulation of a concentrated solar thermal system with an integrated concrete storage for continuous heat supply}, series = {Energy Procedia}, volume = {155}, journal = {Energy Procedia}, doi = {10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.062}, pages = {121 -- 135}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{WhiskerdKoertgeJuergensetal.2020, author = {Whiskerd, Nicholas and K{\"o}rtge, Nicklas and J{\"u}rgens, Kris and Ezennaya-Gomez, Salatiel and Vielhauer, Claus and Dittmann, Jana and Hildebrandt, Mario}, title = {Keystroke biometrics in the encrypted domain: a first study on search suggestion functions of web search engines}, series = {EURASIP Journal on Information Security}, journal = {EURASIP Journal on Information Security}, number = {2020:2}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1186/s13635-020-0100-8}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WeimerBuschhartBroelzetal.2022, author = {Weimer, Katja and Buschhart, Cliff and Broelz, Ellen K. and Enck, Paul and Horing, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Bibliometric Properties of Placebo Literature From the JIPS Database: A Descriptive Study}, series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, issn = {1664-0640}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.853953}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{WehlandCorydonGonzalezTorresetal.2025, author = {Wehland, Markus and Corydon, Thomas J. and Gonz{\´a}lez-Torres, Luis Fernando and Abdelfattah, Fatima and Sahana, Jayashree and Schulz, Herbert and Mushunuri, Ashwini and Burenkova, Hanna and Wuest, Simon L. and Kr{\"u}ger, Marcus and Kraus, Armin and Grimm, Daniela}, title = {New Knowledge About Tissue Engineering Under Microgravity Conditions in Space and on Earth}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {27}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/ijms27010341}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Microgravity (µg)-generated three-dimensional (3D) multicellular aggregates can serve as models of tissue and disease development. They are relevant in the fields of cancer and in vitro metastasis or regenerative medicine (tissue engineering). Driven by the 3R concept—replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal testing—µg-exposure of human cells represents a new alternative method that avoids animal experiments entirely. New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) are used in biomedical research, pharmacology, toxicology, cancer research, radiotherapy, and translational regenerative medicine. Various types of human cells grow as 3D spheroids or organoids when exposed to µg-conditions provided by µg simulating instruments on Earth. Examples for such µg-simulators are the Rotating Wall Vessel, the Random Positioning Machine, and the 2D or 3D clinostat. This review summarizes the most recent literature focusing on µg-engineered tissues. We are discussing all reports examining different tumor cell types from breast, lung, thyroid, prostate, and gastrointestinal cancers. Moreover, we are focusing on µg-generated spheroids and organoids derived from healthy cells like chondrocytes, stem cells, bone cells, endothelial cells, and cardiovascular cells. The obtained data from NAMs and µg-experiments clearly imply that they can support translational medicine on Earth.}, language = {en} } @article{WeberSteinPilgermannetal.2023, author = {Weber, Simon B. and Stein, Stefan and Pilgermann, Michael and Schrader, Thomas}, title = {Attack Detection for Medical Cyber-Physical Systems - A Systematic Literature Review}, series = {IEEE Access}, journal = {IEEE Access}, number = {11}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3270225}, pages = {41796 -- 41815}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The threat situation due to cyber attacks in hospitals is emerging and patient life is at risk. One significant source of potential vulnerabilities is medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS). Detecting intrusions in this environment faces challenges different from other domains, mainly due to the heterogeneity of devices, the diversity of connectivity types, and the variety of terminology. To summarize existing results, we conducted a structured literature review (SLR) following the guidelines of Kitchenham et al. for SLRs in software engineering. We developed six research questions regarding detection approach, detection location, included features, adversarial focus, utilized datasets, and intrusion prevention. We identified that most researchers focused on an anomaly-based detection approach at the network layer. The primary focus was on the detection of malicious insiders. While several researchers used publicly available datasets for training and testing their algorithms, the lack of suitable datasets resulted in the development of testbeds consisting of various medical devices. Based on the results, we formulated five future research topics. First, the special conditions of hospital networks, the MCPS deployed within them, and the contrasts to other IT and OT environments should be examined. Thereupon, MCPS-specific datasets should be created that allow researchers to address the health domain's unique requirements and possibilities. At the same time, endeavors aimed at standardization in this area should be supported and expanded. Moreover, the use of medical context for attack detection should be further explored. Last but not least, efforts for MCPS-tailored intrusion prevention should be intensified. This way, the emerging threat landscape can be addressed, IT security in hospitals can be improved, and patient health can be protected.}, language = {en} } @article{WangHarthPuzyrevetal.2022, author = {Wang, Jing and Harth, Kirsten and Puzyrev, Dmitry and Stannarius, Ralf}, title = {The effect of obstacles near a silo outlet on the discharge of soft spheres}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {24}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {IOP}, doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/ac8bea}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WagnerKitzelmannBoersch2025, author = {Wagner, Robin and Kitzelmann, Emanuel and Boersch, Ingo}, title = {Mitigating Hallucination by Integrating Knowledge Graphs into LLM Inference - a Systematic Literature Review}, series = {Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 4: Student Research Workshop)}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 4: Student Research Workshop)}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Vienna}, doi = {10.18653/v1/2025.acl-srw.53}, pages = {795 -- 805}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on different language tasks, but tend to hallucinate - generate plausible but factually incorrect outputs. Recently, several approaches to integrate Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into LLM inference were published to reduce hallucinations. This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of such approaches. Following established SLR methodology, we identified relevant work by systematically search in different academic online libraries and applying a selection process. Nine publications were chosen for indepth analysis. Our synthesis reveals differences and similarities of how the KG is accessed, traversed, and how the context is finally assembled. KG integration can significantly improve LLM performance on benchmark datasets and additionally to mitigate hallucination enhance reasoning capabilities, explainability, and access to domain-specific knowledge. We also point out current limitations and outline directions for future work.}, language = {en} } @techreport{vonFranseckyHaaseHeinrichetal.2023, author = {von Fransecky, Tanja and Haase, Claudia and Heinrich, Marcus and Jacob, Boris and Musolff, Myriam and Panitz, Michael and Spiecker, Claus and Wolff, Ian}, title = {IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.1.1 Konzepte f{\"u}r Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite}, publisher = {Zenodo}, doi = {10.5281/ZENODO.8069814}, pages = {50}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Forschungsdatenmanagement gewinnt immer gr{\"o}ßere Bedeutung in der Forschung. Daher arbeiten im Projekt IN-FDM-BB acht Hochschulen an der Institutionalisierung und nachhaltigen Verstetigung von Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) in Brandenburg. Im Rahmen des lokalen Kompetenzaufbaus und der Institutionalisierung von FDM im Projekt geht es im Arbeitspaket AP 1 u. a. um „Entwicklung von hochschulspezifischen Informationsmaterialien (z. B. Flyer, FDM-Leitf{\"a}den, FAQs)" und „Aufbau und/oder Aktualisierung einer lokalen FDM-Webseite". Der Werkstattbericht Konzept f{\"u}r Informationsmaterialien und FDM-Webseite (W 1.1.1) ist der erste Bericht, den alle acht am Projekt IN-FDM-BB beteiligen Hochschulen vorlegen und der konkret die lokale Institutionalisierung von FDM an den Einrichtungen behandelt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{VollmerShaw2019, author = {Vollmer, Michael and Shaw, Joseph A.}, title = {Near infrared photography of atmospheric optical phenomena}, series = {Fifteenth Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics: ETOP 2019}, booktitle = {Fifteenth Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics: ETOP 2019}, address = {Quebec City, Quebec, Canada}, doi = {10.1117/12.2523165}, pages = {111431P-1 -- 111431P-6}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VollmerShaw2019, author = {Vollmer, Michael and Shaw, Joseph A.}, title = {Extended visual range: an observation during a total solar eclipse}, series = {Fifteenth Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics: ETOP 2019}, booktitle = {Fifteenth Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics: ETOP 2019}, address = {Quebec City, Quebec, Canada}, doi = {10.1117/12.2523167}, pages = {111431Q-1 -- 111431Q-6}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{VollmerMoellmann2020, author = {Vollmer, Michael and M{\"o}llmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Unsichtbares sichtbar gemacht: Infrarotkameras f{\"u}r Smartphones}, series = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, volume = {51}, journal = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/piuz.201901551}, pages = {29 -- 35}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{VollmerMoellmann2020, author = {Vollmer, Michael and M{\"o}llmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Wenn Licht die Biege macht}, series = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, volume = {51}, journal = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/piuz.202001569}, pages = {46 -- 47}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{VollmerEberhardt2024, author = {Vollmer, Michael and Eberhardt, Wolfgang}, title = {Ein einfaches Modell f{\"u}r die Vorhersage von CO2 Konzentrationen in der Atmosph{\"a}re in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von globalen CO2 Emissionen}, series = {PhyDid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung}, volume = {1}, journal = {PhyDid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung}, number = {1}, publisher = {FU Berlin}, organization = {Fachverband Didaktik der Physik}, issn = {2191-379X}, pages = {379 -- 388}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Es wird das vielleicht einfachst m{\"o}gliche Modell vorgestellt, mit dem zeitabh{\"a}ngige CO2 Konzent-rationen c(t) in der Atmosph{\"a}re ausgehend von verschiedenen globalen Emissionsszenarien f{\"u}r CO2berechnet werden. Dazu wird eine einzelne inhomogene lineare Differenzialgleichung 1. Ordnung hergeleitet, deren Parameter sich aus den quantitativen Daten des global carbon project sowie Mauna Loa Daten f{\"u}r CO2 Konzentrationen errechnen. Das Modell wird erstens getestet am Zeitraum 1960 bis 2020 mit vergleichsweise guter quantitativer {\"U}bereinstimmung zu Messdaten. Zweitens wird f{\"u}r zwei typische IPCC Emissions-Szenarien ein Vergleich der Modellvorhersagen mit denen der kom-plexen IPCC Earth-System-Klimamodelle diskutiert mit qualitativer {\"U}bereinstimmung des zeitli-chen Verlaufs. Drittens werden Ergebnisse einiger ausgew{\"a}hlter neuer Emissionsszenarien pr{\"a}sen-tiert. Ungeachtet einiger Abweichungen zu komplexeren Klimamodellen zeichnet sich unser Mo-dell durch zwei wichtige Vorteile f{\"u}r die Lehre aus. Zum einen ist es sehr einfach f{\"u}r Studierende und begabte Sch{\"u}ler nutzbar, da die erforderliche L{\"o}sung der Differentialgleichung bereits mit han-dels{\"u}blicher Tabellenkalkulationssoftware wie z.B. Excel programmiert werden kann. Dadurch ge-stattet es zum anderen auch sehr einfach, den zeitlichen Verlauf von Emissionsszenarien zu ver{\"a}n-dern und innerhalb weniger Sekunden Ver{\"a}nderungen aufgrund ge{\"a}nderter Eingaben zu berechnen. Insofern eignet sich das Modell sehr gut als Einstieg in das Thema Klimamodellierung in einf{\"u}hren-den Hochschulvorlesungen zum Themenbereich Kohlenstoffkreislauf und Klimawandel. In der Schule kann es gegen Ende der Sekundarstufe 2 beispielsweise im Projektunterricht zum Themen-komplex Nachhaltigkeit in Physik und/oder Mathematik eingesetzt werden}, language = {de} } @article{Vollmer2020, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Below the horizon-the physics of extreme visual ranges}, series = {Applied Optics}, volume = {59}, journal = {Applied Optics}, number = {21}, publisher = {Optica Publishing Group}, doi = {10.1364/AO.390654}, pages = {F11 -- F19}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{Vollmer2021, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Gefrierende Gew{\"a}sser}, series = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, volume = {52}, journal = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, doi = {10.1002/piuz.202001589}, pages = {19 -- 25}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{Vollmer2024, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Limitations of the eye and how to overcome them}, series = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, volume = {2750}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/2750/1/012001}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Human eyes have spatial, temporal, and spectral limitations which impose constraints on our perception. With appropriate optical devices and cameras, the limitations can be easily overcome. As a consequence, a huge variety of physical phenomena can be made accessible for teaching.}, language = {en} } @article{Vollmer2025, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Nachtsicht ins All mit dem bloßen Auge: Sag mir, wie weit die Sterne steh'n}, series = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Physik in unserer Zeit}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1002/piuz.202501751}, pages = {2 -- 10}, year = {2025}, language = {de} } @article{Vollmer2025, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {Naked eye celestial objects and phenomena: how far can we see at night?}, series = {European Journal of Physics}, volume = {46}, journal = {European Journal of Physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOP Science}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6404/adbf74}, pages = {18}, year = {2025}, abstract = {How far can we see with the naked eye at night? Many celestial objects like stars and galaxies as well as transient phenomena such as comets and supernovae can be observed in the night sky. We discuss the furthest distances of such objects and phenomena observable with the naked eye during the night-time for Earth-bound observers. The physics of night-time visual ranges differs from that of daytime observations because human vision shifts from cones to rods. In addition, mostly point sources are observed due to the large distances involved. Whether celestial objects and phenomena can be detected depends on the contrast of their radiation and the background sky luminance. We present a concise overview of how far we can see at night by first discussing the effects of the Earth's atmosphere. This includes attenuation of transmitted radiation as well as its role as a source of background radiation. Disregarding the attenuation of light due to interstellar and intergalactic dust, simple maximum night-time visual range estimates are based on the inverse square law, which can be easily verified by laboratory and demonstration experiments. From the respective calculations, we find that individual stars within the Milky Way galaxy of up to 15 000 light years are observable. Even further away are observable galaxies with several billion stars. The Andromeda galaxy can be observed with the naked eye at a distance of around 2.5 million light years. Similarly, the observability of supernovae also allows a visual range beyond the Milky Way galaxy. Finally, gamma ray bursts as the most energetic events in the universe are discussed concerning naked eye observations.}, language = {en} } @article{Vollmer2025, author = {Vollmer, Michael}, title = {How far can we see at day?}, series = {European Journal of Physics}, volume = {46}, journal = {European Journal of Physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOP Science}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6404/adc4a0}, pages = {17}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We discuss the farthest objects on Earth observable for the unaided, healthy naked eye during the daytime, i.e., the maximum visual range for observers on Earth. Visual range depends first on the properties of the material between observer and object and its interaction processes with radiation, but second also on our visual perception system. After a rough comparison of ranges in water, glass, and the atmosphere, we focus on the physical basis of visual range for the latter. As a contrast phenomenon, visual range refers to allowed light paths within the atmosphere. It results from the interplay of geometry, refraction, and light scattering. We present a concise overview of this field by qualitative descriptions and quantitative estimates as well as classroom demonstration experiments. The starting point is the common geometrical visual ranges, followed by extensions due to refraction and limitations due to contrast, which depend on scattering and absorption processes within the atmosphere. The quantitative discussion of scattering is very helpful to easily understand the huge ranges in nature from meters in dense fog to hundreds of kilometers in clear atmospheres. Extreme visual ranges from about 300 km to above 500 km require optimal atmospheric conditions, cleverly chosen locations and times, and a sophisticated topography analysis. Even longer visual ranges are possible when looking through the vertical atmosphere. From the ISS, daytime ranges well above 1000 km are possible.}, language = {en} }