Refine
Document Type
- Doctoral thesis (2)
- Master thesis (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (3)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (3)
Keywords
- Windkanal (3) (remove)
Wind energy is a growing concern over the present awareness of lethal impact of green house gas emission. This energy source has been proven a promising alternative to fossil fuel based energy. Increased onshore wind capacity and decreased amount of low roughness wind sites has inspired the wind energy researchers to explore the possibilities of wind energy from high roughness sites such as urban area. Moreover, exhausted grid capacity between the wind energy producer from remote area and the consumer at city is also a major constrain for wind energy expansion. Driven by such motivation, this thesis has explored possibilities of wind energy conversion from buildings where energy is needed the most. Urban topography is known to be highly turbulent region considering its roughness characteristics.
Wind energy yield from urban aerodynamics is a vast arena of experimental research. Within the time frame of the thesis period and available opportunities, a brief description about the wind energy assessment modelling approach from urban flow was outlined. There are several possibilities of wind energy yield from the built structure, but only building integrated duct was focused in this thesis.
Time-averaged and global wind speed on the building integrated ducts, flow around the buildings was measured from wind tunnel and numerical analysis. Available wind energy yield and turbulence present in the locations measured from the flow was calculated based on the wind tunnel data and summarized with the pros and cons of the particular geometry. Elliptical duct configuration was found to achieve maximum energy yield from the omnidirectional free stream flow. However, simple rectangular duct configuration was determined as most efficient and optimized considering its simplicity, financial feasibility and relative energy yield with other duct configuration. The thesis also showed that on roof configuration is also very promising for wind energy exploration from the omnidirectional free stream flow.
Necessary recommendations were made based on available result for future development of the research approach. Scope and opportunities was mentioned. This investigation has proved that it is possible to extract limited amount of wind energy from building augmented ducts using concentrator effect of the building exterior. Thus, the thesis concluded that the wind energy yield from building augmented ducts using the concentrator effect of the building exterior is a promising renewable energy source.
Investigations of high Reynolds number pipe flow is up to now a great challenge due to the complex mechanisms which appear in pipe flow turbulence. Hence, suitable experimental facilities are necessary to resolve turbulent dynamics and therewith to provide the knowledge for the understanding of such a simple shear flow. For this reason the recent thesis deals with conceptual design and setup of a new high Reynolds number pipe test facility further on named CoLaPipe - Cottbus Large Pipe. It also comprises first investigations on pipe flow obtained from the new CoLaPipe, which can be classified into 1.)calibration measurements to put the facility into service and 2.)continuative measurements to provide experimental results helping to understand pipe flow.
The first results within the CoLaPipe show that this new experimental facility is suitable to investigate turbulence at high Reynolds numbers, where this conclusion can be drawn from intensive investigations on the development length of the flow either for natural and artificial transition. From further experiments on the evaluation of the wall friction velocity using different estimation methods great difficulties and variations in the calculated values are obtained. These deviations are directly related to the scaling behavior of the mean and fluctuating velocity, which is also shown within this thesis and intensively discussed.
Among the discussion of the setup of the new CoLaPipe and the first experimental results this thesis contains a broad literature review with the focus on high and very high Reynolds numbers. Nevertheless, pipe flow at low and moderate Reynolds numbers is described as well.
Bei der Auslegung moderner Turbinenleitstufen wird zur Verringerung der Sekundärströmung und der hierdurch verbesserten Rotorbeaufschlagung eine dreidimensionale und nicht-axialsymmetrische Konturierung der Leitstufenplattform im Passagenbereich erwogen. Ziel ist hierbei die Verringerung des wandnahen Querdruckgradienten in der Passage, wodurch die Ausbildung des Passagenwirbels vermindert werden soll. Die Auslegung der Plattformkontur wird hier nicht behandelt, obgleich die Grundzüge derselben exemplarisch vorgestellt werden. Da die Passagenströmung von sehr komplexer und transitioneller Natur ist, ist eine experimentelle Bestimmung der geforderten Eigenschaften und insbesondere eine Bestimmung der Änderung der Temperaturbelastung der Plattform durch die Konturierung erforderlich. Die experimentelle Bestimmung und Charakterisierung dieser durch die Konturierung bedingten Änderungen stellt den Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit dar. Zu diesem Zweck wurden an einem Niedergeschwindigkeitswindkanal Versuche unter Einhaltung der Reynoldsschen Ähnlichkeit und der Wärme-Stoffanalogie durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse umfassend dargelegt werden. Daneben wird die hierfür teilweise neu entwickelte Messtechnik vorgestellt und die Ergebnisse numerischer Berechnungen präsentiert. Die wesentlichen Merkmale der durch die Konturierung bewirkten Änderungen werden zusammenfassend dargestellt und näher erläutert. Anhand der beobachteten Änderungen werden Vorschläge für künftige Maßnahmen abgeleitet.