@phdthesis{Malijani2020, author = {Malijani, Oris Chapinga}, title = {Mining in the context of African World Heritage cultural landscapes : an assessment of management planning effectiveness}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-56332}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Sub-Saharan African cultural landscapes are adversely impacted by various development pressures, which calls for a holistic and integrated approach in their management. Mining development has been ranked highly by UNESCO World Heritage Centre, as one of the most common factors threatening the conservation and management of World Heritage properties around the world. For instance, out of 141 World Heritage properties which submitted their state of conservation reports in 2015, 18\% were affected by mining activities. Out of these, 84\% of the properties that were threatened by mining development were either cultural landscapes, natural properties and or mixed properties. African World Heritage cultural landscapes are the ones highly affected and threatened by planned and on-going mining and exploration activities. Therefore, research was carried out using the Mulanje Mountain Cultural Landscape of Malawi and Mapungubwe Cultural landscape of South Africa. Specifically, the study aimed at examining the existing cultural landscape management theories and concepts in order to understand the key elements to be integrated into the suggested strategic management planning methodological framework. It also aimed at evaluating the impact of mining development on the conservation and management of African cultural landscapes. The study also investigated the stakeholder's views and perception about the impact of mining activities on cultural and natural heritage values of the landscapes. To achieve the research objectives, the literature was reviewed, firstly to determine the dimensions of cultural landscapes, and secondly, to determine the dimensions of mining development in World Heritage cultural landscapes. The study used two case studies as an effective comparative research strategy in the investigation of the conflicting issues of mining development against the conservation of the attributes of the two cultural landscapes. A case study research strategy was combined with other research methodologies. These included interviews, focus-group-discussions, observations, field site surveys, qualitative content analysis, and thematic analysis. The study has revealed that stakeholder participation and inclusion is a key element in the integration of mining development in cultural landscape planning. This research has contributed to the methodological gap in cultural landscape management planning by developing and applying an integrated strategic management planning methodological framework. The application of this framework has shown that the governance in place for Mulanje Mountain cultural landscape conformed to the requirements of a long-term and holistic planning process and the participation and empowerment of multiple stakeholders in that process.}, subject = {Cultural landscapes; Mining development; World Heritage; Management planning; Conservation; Kulturlandschaften; Bergbauentwicklung; Welterbe; Managementplanung; Naturschutz; Subsaharisches Afrika; Welterbe; Kulturlandschaft; Naturschutz; Bergbau; Management}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Ijioma2021, author = {Ijioma, Uche Dickson}, title = {Evaluation of water situation and development of drinking water management plan for Aba City, Southeast Nigeria}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5589}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-55899}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The impact of urbanization on the quality of drinking water sources is a challenge in many developing countries. In this research, the main source of drinking water was quantified, quality baseline defined, and a thematic decision support management tool developed to protect the quality using Aba, Nigeria. Data from primary and secondary sources were obtained from desktop search, empirical instruments, satellite data, hydrogeological investigations and water quality assessment. Geoscientific and statistical tools were used to analyse the landform, characterize the land use, and create management tools to protect the water source. The results revealed that groundwater is the main source of water for both domestic and industrial uses. An average water consumption per capita rate of 35.9 l/day was estimated, which is low compared to the WHO recommendation. The landform and land-use analyses revealed that the area is low-lying, poorly drained, and the urban land-use is the fastest-growing class growing averagely at 0.6\% /annum between 1986 to 2017. Some of the urban land-use practices that harm the quality of the groundwater were identified and mapped in a contamination hotspot map. The results of the twenty-one quality indicators in the groundwater showed that the pH was acidic (3.7-5.6), total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged between 6.5 mg/l-364 mg/l. The mean concentrations of the remaining indicators were within the WHO limits for drinking water quality. But, the EC, TDS, chloride and nitrate revealed significant differences when tube-wells between densely and sparse built-up areas are compared. Again, four dominant water types were identified in groundwater. The Na-HCO₃ water type was dominant mostly in the sparse built-up area and it is assumed as the background groundwater facies in the area. Whereas Mg, Ca-Cl, Na-Cl and Ca-HCO₃ water types were predominant in the densely built-up area. The bacteriological assessments of drinking water from natural and alternative (i.e. beverages and packaged water) sources revealed the presence of E. Coli and Coliform bacteria in some samples of the natural water. The groundwater quality distribution and vulnerability assessment maps were developed based on water quality index, and DRASTIC methodologies, respectively. The quality distribution map showed that > 98\% of the area has a "suitable" rating. While the vulnerability assessment map found that the groundwater has a "medium" baseline vulnerability covering about 80\%. The differences in the results were due to some observed poor urban land-use practices in the area. Finally, a thematic decision support tool that delineates priority monitoring zones and suggests possible source protected areas tailored for the area was developed. This tool is cost-effective in protecting the groundwater quality and can be applied to other developing urban areas with similar physiological conditions.}, subject = {Drinking water; Groundwater; Vulnerability assessment; Nigeria; Water quality index; Trinkwasser; Grundwasser; Vulnerabilit{\"a}tsbewertung; Wasserqualit{\"a}ts-Index; DRASTIC; Aba (Nigeria); Grundwasser{\"u}berwachung; Wasserg{\"u}te}, language = {en} }