@phdthesis{Zibar2023, author = {Zibar, Layla}, title = {Forced displacement urbanisms : territorial biographies and contemporary narratives in the Syrian refugee camps in the Kurdistan region of Iraq}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6297}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-62976}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Violent chronic conflicts, uprooting, and the continuous massive (re)generation of displacement waves constitute the main elements of the Kurds' history within nation-states' (changing) geographies. Today, Kurdish-inhabited territories represent palimpsests of involuntary dislocations and relocation stories, constantly (re)written by refuge-seeking/ granting (spatial) practices. Since 2011, contemporary uprisings and wars in Syria and Iraq have inscribed the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KR-I) territories with a new layer of displacement stories. These territories acted as frontline receptors for consecutive Syrian refugees and Iraqi internally displaced waves seeking protection. Displacees found refuge in the rural, urban and newly set humanitarian camps' spaces; hence, they (temporarily) anchored and carved some sort of a presence within their receiving sites. The rationale behind such receiving sites' emergence, use and progression in the KR-I have historically oscillated between modernization, discipline, development and humanitarianism. Guided by the urbanism lens, this research aims to narrate the KR-I's forced displacement territorial biography of involuntary dislocated and (re)located Kurds. This narration chronologically traces these groups' newly (re)shaped receiving sites and how refuge-seeking/granting practices aggregated and (re) articulated the KR-I's territories. It investigates the ways in which these receiving sites act as seeds of emerging urbanities in such a politically contested region. On the one hand, the research zooms out and repositions these sites' emergence and spatial progression within a broader geopolitical context, socioeconomic conditionalities, uses and meaning subversions due to the ever-changing actors. On the other hand, it zooms closely into the newly set Syrian-Kurdish refugee camps in the KR-I within and beyond predefined (nation-state) belongings in their ever-distorted time-space frames. It securitizes on the ways in which these sites are conceived and inhabited to (re)claim rights "to" and "in" space, territory, history and future. Between the large and small pictures, the research investigates the human and the non-human spatial agency that (re)patches these ruptured Kurds' collective memories and contemporary narratives of where, when, what and with whom (a future) home rests. This study is an urgent call for the international and local constellation of actors to critically rethink their standardized ready-made solutions and piece-meal spatial interventions in geographies associated with chronic crisis, ever (re)branded under emergency, development and peace 'help' banners. It sets the basis for rearticulating and developing further research-based interventions that account for exhausted conflict-ridden (infra)structures, political sensitivities, socio-economic situations and environmental impacts.}, subject = {Refugee camps; Forced displacement urbanisms; Homing; Territorial biographies; Roots and routs; Fl{\"u}chtlingslager; Zwangsumsiedlung; Territoriale Biographien; Kurdistan-Irak; Fl{\"u}chtlingslager; Vertreibung; Siedlung; Geschichte}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schulz2018, author = {Schulz, Juliane}, title = {Grand Paris - großr{\"a}umliche Entw{\"u}rfe als Impuls f{\"u}r die st{\"a}dtebauliche Qualifizierung in der Metropolregion Paris}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-4809}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-48090}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Die Debatte zur Zwischenstadt hat der bald zwei Jahrzehnte alten Forderung die fragmentierten Stadtlandschaften zu qualifizieren in akademischen Kreisen großes Gewicht verliehen. Bislang ist daraus in der deutschen Planungspraxis jedoch kein etabliertes Aufgabenfeld geworden. Obwohl sich die suburbanen R{\"a}ume kontinuierlich ver{\"a}ndern und mit steigendem Anpassungsdruck sowohl die Notwendigkeiten wie auch die Chancen einer planvollen Transformation zu nehmen, ist deshalb fraglich ob die stattfindenden Ver{\"a}nderungen auch f{\"u}r Verbesserungen der r{\"a}umlichen Qualit{\"a}t genutzt werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund erscheint der zunehmende Einsatz großr{\"a}umlicher Entw{\"u}rfe auf stadtregionaler Ebene vielversprechend, um einen ver{\"a}nderten planerischen und gestalterischen Umgang mit suburbanen R{\"a}umen zu f{\"o}rdern. Das charakteristische des regionalen Entwerfens besteht in der Erkundung r{\"a}umlicher M{\"o}glichkeiten sowie der gleichzeitigen Behandlung von stadtstrukturellen und stadtgestalterischen Fragen. Dadurch werden hier neben regionsspezifischen gesamtr{\"a}umlichen Vorstellungen auch st{\"a}dtebauliche Strategien generiert und vermittelt, die relativ direkte Ankn{\"u}pfungspunkte f{\"u}r konkrete Projekte bilden k{\"o}nnten. Aufgrund dessen widmet sich die vorliegende Arbeit der Frage, welche Bedeutung der Einsatz großr{\"a}umlicher Entw{\"u}rfe als nicht direkt zur Umsetzung vorgesehener Konzepte im Hinblick auf die st{\"a}dtebauliche Qualifizierung suburbaner R{\"a}ume entfalten kann. Dabei wird unterstellt, dass großr{\"a}umliche Entw{\"u}rfe die Art und Weise wie Menschen sich den Ort, an dem sie leben und arbeiten, wahrnehmen und vorstellen - ihre sogenannten 'place frames' - ver{\"a}ndern k{\"o}nnen. Dementsprechend wird danach gefragt, ob sie {\"u}ber die Beeinflussung ihres raumrelevanten Denkens und Handelns letztlich zu Planwerken und Projekten des Stadtumbaus f{\"u}hren oder diese beeinflussen k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie werden die Auswirkungen des internationalen kooperativen Konkurrenzverfahrens "Le Grand Paris" (2009) und seiner Ergebnisse auf den Stadtumbau in den Banlieues von Paris untersucht. Es wird beleuchtet welche Einfl{\"u}sse diese auf die stadtregionale Debatte, auf den Charakter und Umfang von Planungsaktivit{\"a}ten sowie auf die in der Praxis angewendeten st{\"a}dtebaulichen Strategien entfaltet haben. Dabei gilt das Erkenntnisinteresse insbesondere den Wirkungszusammenh{\"a}ngen des Ideentransfers. Die Dissertation leistet einen Beitrag zu den in St{\"a}dtebau- und Planungstheorie gef{\"u}hrten Diskussionen zum regionalen Entwerfen in der strategischen Planung, sowie zur st{\"a}dtebaulichen Qualifizierung suburbaner R{\"a}ume. Zudem gibt sie Anregungen und Empfehlungen f{\"u}r die Planungspraxis.}, subject = {Entwerfen; Strategische Planung; Suburbaner Raum; Paris (Frankreich); Evaluation; Design; Strategic planning; Suburban space; Paris (France); Evaluation; Paris; Suburbaner Raum; Regionalplanung; Stadtumbau; Stadtplanung}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Bergmann2019, author = {Bergmann, Lothar}, title = {Raumzeitliche und soziale Entwicklung der Stadt Recife im 20. Jahrhundert : eine Analyse des Werdens von Raum}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-50606}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Die Arbeit Raumzeitliche und soziale Entwicklung der Stadt Recife im 20. Jahrhundert. Eine Analyse des Werdens von Raum ist eine empirische Forschung. Die existierenden sozial-r{\"a}umlichen Verbindungen zwischen Stadtbezirken in Recife werden wissenschaftlich untersucht, weil im pers{\"o}nlichen Erleben der Metropole ich erfahre, dass der Kontaktraum der Stadt, sich anders darstellt als der durch Barrieren physisch gekennzeichnete segregierte Raum es erwarten l{\"a}sst. Meine Hypothese ist, dass sich Stadtgebiete sozial wie r{\"a}umlich stark voneinander unterscheiden, jedoch die Interaktionen der Stadtbewohner sich positiv auf die gebaute Stadtstruktur auswirken. Die Forschung orientierte sich bei der Datenerhebung (qualitative Interviews, Stadtspazierg{\"a}nge, Plananalyse, Gesetzesanalyse, Mental maps, Auswertung statistischer Daten, Sekund{\"a}rliteratur) an den Aspekten der Raumsoziologie Martina L{\"o}ws, Spacing und Syntheseleistung. Die Analyse der erhobenen Daten wurde mithilfe der Theorie der Produktion des Raumes von Henri Lef{\`e}bvre ausgewertet. In der Arbeit wurde die Stadt Recife in seiner Gesamtheit aufgenommen und in die Analyse des Werdens von Raum {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt. In der sozialen Praxis wurde die durch Bauten geschaffene Segregation akzeptiert, sie nahm diese aber als sozial inexistent wahr. In der r{\"a}umlichen Konfiguration Recifes trat die Stadt als Mittlerin zwischen dem Staat beziehungsweise dem Weltmarkt und dem Privatem auf und bot das Aktionsfeld, auf dem Konflikte ausgetragen wurden. Bei diesen mal das Eine und mal das Andere {\"u}berwog. Die St{\"a}rke des abstrakten Raumes, der Industrie und des Weltmarktes, gab es in Recife ebenso wie die zahlreichen und akzeptierten Demonstrationen, Kundgebungen und sozialen Veranstaltungen, die f{\"u}r den differenziellen Raum standen. Man akzeptierte zum Beispiel illegales Stromzapfen von einer landesweit agierenden Telefongesellschaft ebenso wie das offensichtliche Stromzapfen von bed{\"u}rftigen Privatleuten. Die Forschungsarbeit l{\"a}sst das Postulat zu, dass Recife differenziellen urbanisierten Raum produziert. Dieser differenzielle Raum ist historisch gewachsen und durch die Verfassung Brasiliens auch gesch{\"u}tzt. Die Analyse des Werdens von Raum, die {\"u}ber die Integration der Forschungsdaten in die Formanten der lef{\`e}bvreschen Theorie der Produktion des Raums realisiert wird, gibt die M{\"o}glichkeit Heterogenit{\"a}t und Vielschichtigkeit des Werdens von Raum zu analysieren. Die dialektische Analyse des Werdens von Raum f{\"u}r weitere Stadtgebiete weltweit durchzuf{\"u}hren, um damit eine vergleichende Analyse des Werdens des Raums durchzuf{\"u}hren, ist gegeben.}, subject = {Brasilien; Recife; Stadtentwicklung; Feldforschung; Favela; Brazil; Recife; Urban development; Field studies; Recife; Stadtentwicklung; Raum; Soziologie; Feldforschung}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Elattassi2020, author = {Elattassi, Najla}, title = {Learning from the past, designing for the future : sustainability of the Mediterranean vernacular}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-53091}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With climate change and the depleting ozone layer, awareness about protecting the environment is increasing and "Sustainable Architecture" is becoming an essential part of the architectural future of cities. However, sustainable buildings of today are being built with high cost, high tech systems which can be reduced by taking advantage of past technologies and systems. The brilliance of vernacular architecture and the way man adapted to his surroundings fascinated me and inspired me to do further research on the sustainable characteristics of vernacular settlements of the Mediterranean area in order to determine if these characteristics can be applied to present and future architecture in an innovative way to create sustainable buildings with least possible energy consumption. The method of research was based upon a general analysis of the passive design (solar and wind) characteristics of a town or settlement in Mediterranean climate starting from its site elements such as topography, vegetation, water. After that its urban structure, such as the geometry, block and street orientation and dimensions. Following that, the dwelling characteristics like dwelling shape, orientation and dimensions and finally the thermal regulating elements found in these dwellings, such as windows and vegetation. These elements were given a score according to their contribution to energy savings in buildings. Four case studies were chosen: two vernacular case studies from the region of study (the Mediterranean Coasts) and two modern case studies inspired by the Mediterranean vernacular. The analysis was repeated in the same sequence mentioned: Site, Settlement, Dwelling, Element, for the actual performance of each case study. The elements were given a number of points out of the score assigned for each element in the general analysis. A total score and rating for each case study resulted from this analysis. The objective of these scores were to compare the performance of the vernacular case studies to the vernacular inspired case studies in terms of energy savings. The final scores displayed comparable results between both types of case studies meaning that when these modern settlements were designed with an influence from the Mediterranean vernacular, their performance in energy savings was close to that of a vernacular settlement. That means that it is possible to design settlements which are influenced by vernacular settlements and can even defeat them by following the general guidelines of the vernacular passive design characteristics in addition to modern tools and innovative methods. These guidelines can be reflected in a handbook and rating system which can become a simple step by step guide for architects and planners to design sustainable settlements without the need for expensive and complicated rating systems and consultants.}, subject = {Vernacular architecture; Sustainable; Passive design; Mediterranean; Vernakul{\"a}re Architektur; Passives Design; Energieeinsparung; Bewertungssystem; Nachhaltigkeit; Mittelmeerraum; Stadtentwicklung; Architektur; Solararchitektur; Nachhaltigkeit}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{AlHasani2021, author = {Al-Hasani, Mohammed K.}, title = {The transformation of the urban landscape in the old city of Baghdad between 1854 -2009}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-53816}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The old city core experienced a long series of modernization process that affected the old urban fabric and the coherence among urban elements. This dissertation tried to explore the intervention methods and the variety of impacts that have been occurred inside the old core . New streets that were added to the city changed the urban space hierarchy in each time. Starting from analyzing the spatial form via exploring the morphology of the city up to analyze the city skyline is the main methodology of this work. The spatial form of the city of Baghdad shows the impacts of multi planning approaches belong to variant master plans which were proposed and achieved to manage the city growth and development. Those impacts were varied and explained in this dissertation based on the change in the city network, city expansion and land use distribution. The old city of Baghdad was analyzed and explained in details in term of investigating the morphological layers for different periods showing the development of Baghdad urban structure by new comparative plans that explain the change between two following morphological periods. The understanding of the transformation in each morphological period was based on the following criteria's (urban growth, urban space development, urban components and innovations) to provide a comprehensive investigation about the behavior of the urban components. The investigation of the main old and new streets was well assessed showing their structure, building typologies and the role of the urban space typologies along the segments of those streets. The transect analysis method was used by having nine sections through the old city in different areas to understand the transformation in the city of Baghdad and the impacts of the unregulated development process accompanied within the lack of clear urban management method. The development of the city skyline provided a clear interpretation about the impacts of inserting new urban space and building typologies inside the old core. It was so clear that the hypothesis of this dissertation was proved in showing the role of the street hierarchy change (for both pedestrian and car street in different segments) in exploring the mechanism of the conflict among urban components that bring more destruction to the city. The conclusion showed what to avoid in any prospective rehabilitation process and gave the impacts of the previous interventions that shoud not be repeated in the future.}, subject = {Spatial analysis; Typo urban morphology; Urban space; Transect analysis IV; Raumanalyse; Typo-Stadtmorphologie; Stadtraum; Transektanalyse; Bagdad; Altstadt; Stadtsanierung; Stadtentwicklung; Stadtplanung; Morphologie; Regionalanalyse}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Yadollahi2017, author = {Yadollahi, Solmaz}, title = {The Iranian bazaar as a public place: a reintegrative approach and a method applied towards the case study of the Tabriz bazaar}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-42945}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The main focus of this dissertation is the critical investigation of the bazaars in the commercial cities of Iran. This work deals with the challenges that the bazaars in Iran have been exposed to over the past century in economic, political and social terms. The work explains how an Iranian bazaar is structured and functions as a public space in a modern city. The methodology of this research is designed based on a qualitative approach, with a single case-study strategy. A combination of literature review and spatial ethnographic research techniques are used for data collection. To understand the bazaar as a public place, its cultural, legal, physical and functional dimensions are documented and mapped. This mapping method with the ultimate aim of re-integrating the bazaar with the modern city is the core of this dissertation.}, subject = {Iranian bazaar; Bazaar-city isolation process; Public place; Publicity-privacy spectrum; Mapping method; Tabriz Bazaar; Iranischer Basar; Moderne Stadt; {\"O}ffentlicher Raum; Kartierungsmethode; T{\"a}briz Basar; Iran; {\"O}ffentlicher Raum; Basar; Kartierung}, language = {en} }