@phdthesis{Ali2025, author = {Ali, Mohammed Liaket}, title = {Detailed numerical modeling of the iron ore direct reduction process}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6969}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-69695}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The iron and steelmaking industry is among the largest contributors to global CO₂, driven by its energy-intensive processes and reliance on carbon-rich fuels. As steel demand rises in an increasingly competitive global market, innovative and sustainable production methods are urgently needed. The Direct Reduction (DR) process using syngas or hydrogen presents a promising approach to reducing CO₂ emissions and energy consumption in steel production. Computational modeling plays a crucial role in accelerating technology development, yet traditional models, such as the shrinking core model, fail to fully capture the complexities of the reduction process. More advanced models are necessary to simulate interactions between iron ore pellets and reducing gases and to scale effectively to industrial applications. To address these challenges, this dissertation introduces an improved porous solid model that overcomes biases in the shrinking core model, accurately representing the reduction of single iron ore pellets in H₂ and CO environments while accounting for carbon deposition and porosity changes. A comprehensive reduction mechanism is developed and validated against extensive experimental data without parameter adjustments, providing a solid foundation for advanced simulations. Besides the stand-alone kinetic model, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver has been developed, bringing the considerations to a spatially resolved environment, including pellet and gas phase regions. Building on the insights gained from single-pellet models, the research advances to the more complex modeling of fixed beds; a crucial step in bridging the gap between detailed small-scale studies and the case of industrial-sized reactors. A comprehensive methodology is developed, incorporating realistic packed-bed structures and high-quality computational meshes, for particle-resolved CFD simulations of the hydrogen-based direct reduction process in a fixed-bed setup. These simulations reveal crucial insights into the reduction process, such as the non-uniform reduction within the bed, the presence of gas pockets, and the impact of temperature variations due to the endothermic nature of hydrogen-based reduction. Finally, the study explores the influence of pellet sizes and shapes in the DR process via different reconstruction techniques, including computed tomography. By examining beds with various particle characteristics and structures, the research highlights the significant impact of these factors on reduction efficiency and overall conversion rates. This comprehensive modeling approach offers critical insights for optimizing the hydrogen-based direct reduction process, paving the way for its application in industrial-scale reactors. By addressing these research questions and providing innovative solutions, this dissertation contributes to the advancement of DR-technology, offering a path toward more sustainable steel production.}, subject = {Kinetics; Kinetik; Stahlherstellung; Direktreduktion; Modellierung; CFD; Steelmaking; Direct Reduction; Modeling; Stahlherstellung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Direkte Eisengewinnung; Modellierung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Puetz2023, author = {P{\"u}tz, Michele}, title = {Numerical investigation and extension of quadrature-based moment methods for population balances}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6575}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-65751}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Particulate systems can be described by a number density function (NDF) with respect to a vector of internal coordinates. The evolution of the NDF is governed by the typically high-dimensional population balance equation (PBE). A common approach to reduce the dimensionality of the problem is to solve only for a set of moments instead of the NDF. The derived system of moment equations, however, includes unclosed integral terms that still contain the unknown NDF. One way to close the system of moment equations is to approximate the unclosed integral terms using a Gaussian quadrature computed from the moments. The procedure of taking a set of moments to compute a Gaussian quadrature, which is, in turn, used to close the moment equations, is known as the quadrature method of moments (QMOM). It gave rise to an entire family of methods, the quadrature-based moment methods (QBMMs), which are the primary focus of this work. The presented research can be divided into three major parts. The first part involves the formulation of a common Lagrangian droplet breakup model for QBMMs and the numerical investigation with the QMOM as well as the more sophisticated extended QMOM (EQMOM). The results indicate that the approximations are reasonably accurate when at least six moment equations are solved, with the EQMOM providing no advantages for the investigated configurations. In the second part, a quadrature-based moment model for the effects of fluid turbulence on particle velocities is formulated. The resulting moment equations contain non-smooth integrands that are the source of large errors when using common QBMMs. As an alternative, the Gauss/anti-Gauss QMOM (GaG-QMOM) is proposed that uses the average of a Gaussian and an anti-Gaussian quadrature. Numerical studies show that the GaG-QMOM is able to significantly reduce the previously observed large errors. Another novelty proposed in this context is the modification of the second-order strong-stability preserving Runge-Kutta method to guarantee the preservation of moment realizability in the presence of phase-space diffusion. The third part is concerned with the numerical exploration of the core algorithm of most QBMMs in terms of performance and accuracy. The algorithm consists of, first, computing the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials associated with a set of moments, second, solving a symmetric tridiagonal eigenvalue problem to obtain the quadrature nodes and weights, and third, evaluating the integral terms in the moment equations. The results indicate that the contribution of the first step to compute the recurrence coefficients from moments to the overall computational costs is negligible. Instead, the primary focus should be on the fast solution of the eigenvalue problem and, possibly, on the efficient implementation of the moment source term evaluation, which becomes important when second-order processes are considered.}, subject = {Numerical algorithms; Computational fluid mechanics; Orthogonal polynomials; Turbulence; Population balance equations; Numerische Algorithmen; Numerische Str{\"o}mungsmechanik; Orthogonale Polynome; Populationsbilanzgleichungen; Turbulenz; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Str{\"o}mungsmechanik; Numerisches Verfahren; Orthogonale Polynome; Turbulente Str{\"o}mung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Okofo2023, author = {Okofo, Louis Boansi}, title = {Hydrogeological assessment for evaluating the feasibility of managed aquifer recharge in Northeastern Ghana}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6244}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-62444}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In the Garu-Tempane area and Tamne River basin of north-eastern Ghana, granitic aquifers supply nearly 80\% of annually abstracted groundwater. Rapid and diffuse recharge enters the fractured and weathered Tamnean Plutonic Suite aquifers mainly granitoid, which are the dominant rock types in the study area. However, a greater challenge to the water supply in the area is posed by global climatic changes and overexploitation due to population growth. The semi-arid nature of the area together with the factors mentioned earlier has caused water scarcity, particularly in the dry season and these have affected the livelihoods of the farmers who depend mostly on the groundwater for irrigation and domestic purposes. A promising way to balance water resources in the region is using engineering technology such as managed aquifer recharge (MAR). MAR augments water levels in water-scarce areas and represents a key tool in water supply management. For this reason, a comprehensive hydrogeological characterization involving the hydrochemistry of the groundwater, groundwater recharge process and residence time using multi-environmental tracers, and a numerical groundwater flow model was developed. Based on the hydrochemistry results, the water quality index showed that the groundwater is very suitable for drinking. However, about 10.5 \% out of the 38 groundwater samples had elevated nitrate concentrations exceeding the permissible WHO drinking water limit. These are mainly agricultural areas, which might have influenced the elevated nitrate concentrations. Groundwater age dating using sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) was used to date shallow groundwater in Ghana for the first time. The results proved that the mean residence time of groundwater was around 30 years, an indication of young groundwater and rapid groundwater renewability. The findings also showed different groundwater ages implying diffused flow systems occurring in the fractured granitic aquifer. Investigation of the groundwater recharge using stable isotopes of deuterium and oxygen-18 revealed that the main source of groundwater recharge is of meteoric origin. There were little or no contributions from the stream and ponds as they were subjected to evaporative fractionation during the dry season. The White Volta River samples and samples from two big rivers were depleted in heavy isotopes, which suggested a hydraulic connection between them and the groundwater. The numerical groundwater flow model was used to assess the feasibility of MAR and determine the maximum recharge and abstraction rates. The results showed that the aquifer had enough storage to accommodate enough volumes of floodwater without causing groundwater mounding. This shows that MAR is feasible in augmenting the water levels in the area when irrigation and domestic withdrawals are regulated.}, subject = {Managed aquifer recharge; CFCs; SF6; Numerical groundwater flow modelling; Northeastern Ghana; Schwefelhexafluorid; Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe; Grundwasserstr{\"o}mungsmodell; Nordost-Ghana; Ghana (Nordost); Wasserversorgung; Grundwasser{\"u}berwachung; Grundwasserbildung; Grundwasseranreicherung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {en} } @misc{Hasanuzzaman2014, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Hasanuzzaman, Gazi}, title = {Experimental investigation and CFD analysis of wind energy estimation considering building integrated ducts}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6192}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-61928}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Wind energy is a growing concern over the present awareness of lethal impact of green house gas emission. This energy source has been proven a promising alternative to fossil fuel based energy. Increased onshore wind capacity and decreased amount of low roughness wind sites has inspired the wind energy researchers to explore the possibilities of wind energy from high roughness sites such as urban area. Moreover, exhausted grid capacity between the wind energy producer from remote area and the consumer at city is also a major constrain for wind energy expansion. Driven by such motivation, this thesis has explored possibilities of wind energy conversion from buildings where energy is needed the most. Urban topography is known to be highly turbulent region considering its roughness characteristics. Wind energy yield from urban aerodynamics is a vast arena of experimental research. Within the time frame of the thesis period and available opportunities, a brief description about the wind energy assessment modelling approach from urban flow was outlined. There are several possibilities of wind energy yield from the built structure, but only building integrated duct was focused in this thesis. Time-averaged and global wind speed on the building integrated ducts, flow around the buildings was measured from wind tunnel and numerical analysis. Available wind energy yield and turbulence present in the locations measured from the flow was calculated based on the wind tunnel data and summarized with the pros and cons of the particular geometry. Elliptical duct configuration was found to achieve maximum energy yield from the omnidirectional free stream flow. However, simple rectangular duct configuration was determined as most efficient and optimized considering its simplicity, financial feasibility and relative energy yield with other duct configuration. The thesis also showed that on roof configuration is also very promising for wind energy exploration from the omnidirectional free stream flow. Necessary recommendations were made based on available result for future development of the research approach. Scope and opportunities was mentioned. This investigation has proved that it is possible to extract limited amount of wind energy from building augmented ducts using concentrator effect of the building exterior. Thus, the thesis concluded that the wind energy yield from building augmented ducts using the concentrator effect of the building exterior is a promising renewable energy source.}, subject = {Atmospheric boundary layer; Wind energy; Laser Doppler Anemometry; Numerical simulation; Computational Fluid Mechanics; Atmosph{\"a}rische Grenzschicht; Windenergie; LDA; Numerische Simulation; Windkanal; Windenergie; Windkanal; Atmosph{\"a}rische Grenzschicht; Laser-Doppler-Anemometrie; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bacher2022, author = {Bacher, Christian}, title = {On the influence of electrohydrodynamically induced turbulence on momentum, heat and mass transport in electrostatic precipitators}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5994}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-59948}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) belong to the most efficient devices for control of particle emissions in the process industry and environmental technologies in general. The operating principle of ESPs, relying on particle precipitation by electrical charging, leads to an enhanced turbulent motion by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) effects within the gaseous working fluid passing through the ESP. This enhanced turbulence is generally considered detrimental to the separation efficiency, because the additional shear forces acting on the collection electrodes promote re-entrainment of already precipitated particles. Further, the enhanced turbulent cross mixing diminishes the transport of charged particles by electric forces directed towards the collection electrodes. In other industrial applications however, many process units that are based on heat or mass transport would benefit from enhanced turbulent mixing. These include heat exchangers for energy recuperation or evaporation and absorption units such as flue gas scrubbers. A combination of these with an ESP possibly allows for versatile new applications in the process industry. The motivation of this thesis is to study the effects of electrohydrodynamically generated motions onto the turbulent cross mixing within gaseous flows over a wide parameter space including variations in geometry and operating conditions. In order to do so, the influence of EHD effects on the three major transport properties, i.e. thermal energy, mass and momentum, were experimentally investigated. Based on analogies caused by similar transport mechanisms, the experimental results were compared despite different methods being used. In order to help with the comparison a simplified eddy viscosity model is applied. The study for each transport property was conducted with a different setup of a tube type ESP. These setups include axial and radial pressure drop measurements to quantify the momentum transport, a self-built local heat transfer sensor to determine heat transfer coefficients and a wetted wall-column to study the enhancement of mass transport phenomena. Experiments on momentum and heat transport include a large variation of different geometries and operating variables such as discharge electrode design, tube diameter, flow velocity, as well as magnitude and polarity of operating voltage. In addition, selected measurements with aerosol particles were conducted, to gain additional insights on the effects of EHD induced turbulence generation by particle bound space charge compared to ion bound space charge in clean gas flows. The results do not only provide transport coefficients for the hands-on application by plant designers, but also feature numerous experimental data that can be used as reference values for ongoing research in the numerical simulation of electrohydrodynamically enhanced flow and therefore significantly increase the available amount of data provided by current literature.}, subject = {Electrohydrodynamics; Electrostatic precipitation; Heat and mass transfer intensification; Elektrohydrodynamik; Elektroabscheider; Verbesserung des W{\"a}rme- und Stofftransports; Elektrofilter; Elektrohydrodynamik; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Nowitzki2021, author = {Nowitzki, Mario}, title = {Development and validation of a gas-liquid two-phase model for industrial computational fluid dynamics applications}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5413}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-54130}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A local algebraic simulation model was developed, to determine the characteristic length scales for dispersed phases. This model includes the Ishii- Zuber drag model, the lift, the wall lubrication force and the turbulent dispersion force as well. It is based on the Algebraic Interface Area Density (AIAD) model from the Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR), which provides the morphology detection and the free surface drag model. The developed model is in agreement with the current state of knowledge based on an examination of the theory and of state of science models for interface momentum transfer. This new simulation model was tested on three different experiments. Two experiments can be found in the literature, the Fabre 1987 and the Hewitt 1987 experiment. And the third simulation is based on a steam drum experiment. This steam drum experiment is designed with ERK Eckrohrkessel GmbH internals and was developed to examine the droplet mass flow out of the turbulent separation stage. The implementation of all models and tests was performed using Ansys CFX. The first analysis was carried out to reproduce a wavy stratified flow to examine the effects of different simulation model set-ups according to the velocity and kinetic energy profiles, as well as the pressure drop gradient and the water level measured by Fabre 1987. The second analysis was a proof on concept for reproducing the vertical flow pattern by an experiment from Hewitt 1987. The third simulation analysed the water distribution in the steam drum and feeding pipes system as well as the droplet carryover into the gas phase in the turbulent separation region of the drum. These simulations have shown, that the accuracy of the particle distribution model in interaction with the drag and non-drag forces is able to reproduce horizontal and vertical flow patterns. Higher deviations are recognised for the liquid volume fraction close above the interface. Generally, simulations can now be performed to optimise industrial steam drum designs.}, subject = {CFD; Grenzfl{\"a}che; Impuls{\"u}bertragung; Zweiphasenstr{\"o}mung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Two-phase flow; Particle interaction; Steam drum; Turbulence damping; Euler-Euler; Zweiphasenstr{\"o}mung; AIAD; E{\"o}tv{\"o}s Zahl; Partikelverteilung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Ivanov2021, author = {Ivanov, Dmitrij}, title = {Beschleunigung der Verdichterkennfeldberechnung mithilfe von Methoden des maschinellen Lernens}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5395}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-53950}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In der heutigen Triebwerksentwicklung ist die Verwendung komplexer und zeitaufw{\"a}ndiger numerischer Str{\"o}mungssimulationsverfahren (3D-CFD) unerl{\"a}sslich. Dies gilt auch und insbesondere f{\"u}r den Bereich der Verdichterkennfeldberechnung, welcher viele zeitintensive 3D-CFD Berechnungen ben{\"o}tigt. Dabei sind zur qualitativen Beurteilung eines Verdichterentwurfs sowohl Betriebspunkte wie, Reiseflug, Start und Landung, hinreichend genau abzubilden, als auch die kritischen, den Verdichterarbeitsbereich limitierenden Betriebsgrenzen Pumpen und Sperren zu detektieren. Bisherige Arbeiten zur automatisierten Verdichterkennfeldberechnung basieren auf strukturierten Berechnungen von verschiedenen Drehzahllinien, auf welchen jeweils isoliert Pump- und Sperrgrenze gesucht werden. Durch die Beschr{\"a}nkung auf einzelne Drehzahlen wird jedoch nicht der gesamte Charakter des Kennfeldes erfasst, so dass unbekannte Betriebsbereiche aus linearer Interpolation abgeleitet werden m{\"u}ssen. Ein zus{\"a}tzlicher Nachteil solcher auf einzelne Drehzahllinien fixierten Methoden ist ihre geringe Parallelisierbarkeit. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt daher auf der Entwicklung eines effizienten Verfahrens zur Erfassung des gesamten Verdichterkennfeldes. Die zwei wesentlichen Anforderungen an das Verfahren sind erstens die Reduktion der Anzahl der notwendigen CFD-Berechnungen zur hinreichend genauen Beschreibung des Verdichterkennfeldes sowie zweitens die Beschleunigung jeder einzelnen 3D-CFD-Berechnung. Zu diesem Zweck wird zur Kennfeldberechnung eine Strategie vorgeschlagen, welche sich von der {\"u}blichen strukturierten Berechnung einzelner Drehzahllinien l{\"o}st und stattdessen mit unstrukturierten, zuf{\"a}llig bestimmte St{\"u}tzstellen arbeitet. Dabei wird ein zweiphasiges Verfahren entwickelt, bei dem zun{\"a}chst die Pump- und Sperrlinien in ihrer Gesamtheit mit einer iterativen, hoch parallelisierbaren, auf Support-Vector-Machine beruhenden Strategie bestimmt werden. Als n{\"a}chster Schritt wird mit Methoden der statistischen Versuchsplanung eine ausreichende Dichte von St{\"u}tzstellen innerhalb der Betriebsgrenzen des Verdichters generiert. Abschließend werden auf Basis aller verwendeten St{\"u}tzstellen Antwortfl{\"a}chen f{\"u}r Verdichterdruckverh{\"a}ltnis, Wirkungsgrad und Eintrittsmassenstrom aufgebaut. Zur Reduktion der Rechenzeit jeder einzelnen 3D-CFD Rechnung werden unterschiedliche Methoden zur Erzeugung von Startl{\"o}sungen betrachtet. In diesem Rahmen werden Initialisierungsans{\"a}tze aus reduzierten Str{\"o}mungsmodellen und aus der Superposition von bereits bekannten Str{\"o}mungsl{\"o}sungen auf Basis der Methode der Proper-Orthogonal-Decomposition (POD) untersucht. Als Validierung wird abschließend das entwickelte Verfahren zur Kennfeldberechnung in Kombination mit dem POD-Initialisierungsansatz erfolgreich auf die Analyse eines 4.5- stufigen Forschungsverdichters angewendet.}, subject = {Verdichterkennfeld; 3D-CFD; Maschinelles Lernen; Support-Vector-Machine; Str{\"o}mungsfeld-Initialisierung; Flowfield-initialization; Compressor map; 3D-CFD; Machine learning; Support-vector-machine; Verdichter; Kennfeld; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Optimierung}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{MedinaMendez2020, author = {Medina Mendez, Juan Ali}, title = {Application of the One-Dimensional Turbulence model to electrohydrodynamically enhanced internally forced convective flows}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-53388}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This thesis is an attempt to assess some of the effects that electroquasistatic body forces exert on turbulent internally forced convective flows. In order to do that, a stochastic turbulence model is employed, namely, the One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model. The reduced dimensionality of ODT demands a reduction of the Navier-Stokes equations (and in this case, also the Maxwell equations), into a 1-D system. This is done by performing an asymptotic analysis in terms of the nondimensional numbers of the flow. Also, a validation step due to the relative novel character of the cylindrical ODT formulation is done for an incompressible and constant properties flow regime and a variable density flow regime. The validation is presented for both the temporal (T-ODT) and a novel spatial (S-ODT) formulation in both planar and cylindrical geometries. Results in the constant property case show that wall normal (and radial) profiles, in both the T-ODT and S-ODT formulations, show good agreement with each other and to the data of Direct Numerical Simulations (DNSs). For the evaluated variable density heated pipe flow, gradients at the wall can be better reproduced with S-ODT. After validating the model, ODT is applied first into a planar configuration which emulates the flow in a wire-plate Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP). For this flow, the additional input energy due to the electroquasistatic body force has an effect on the modification of the bulk velocity, and subsequently, the skin friction coefficient. Some qualitative DNS trends are confirmed with ODT, such as the localized increase of the Reynolds stress, as a consequence of increased eddy activity close to the discharge electrodes. Next, the results of ODT simulations in a cylindrical wire-tube ESP are presented. Here, ODT results are compared to experimental results. ODT results for global integral quantities such as the streamwise pressure gradient and the Nusselt number enhancement ratio are able to match in a reasonable way the experimental results. The competing relevance between the EHD contribution to turbulence by momentum, and by affecting the temperature and density due to the Joule heating effect is also analyzed, showing the leading order relevance of the former one. Specifically for the Nusselt number results, the sensitivity of the EHD flow to transition effects is shown to be very significant. This thesis may open the door to a vast new field of phenomena which can not only serve for the further validation of the ODT model against DNSs or experiments, but also for the real use of ODT in applications which are so far inaccessible for traditional DNSs.}, subject = {EHD; ODT; Forced convection; Turbulente Str{\"o}mung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Elektrohydrodynamik; Abscheider; Turbulenzmodell}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Netzer2018, author = {Netzer, Corinna}, title = {Simulation and assessment of engine knock events}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-48771}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Sophisticated engine knock modeling supports the optimization of the thermal efficiency of spark ignition engines. For this purpose the presented work introduces the resonance theory (Bradley and co-workers, 2002) for three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and for the zero-dimensional Spark Ignition Stochastic Reactor Model (SI-SRM) simulations. Hereby, the auto-ignition in the unburnt gases is investigated directly instead of the resulting pressure fluctuations. Based on the detonation diagram auto-ignition events can be classified to be in acceptable deflagration regime or possibly turn to a harmful developing detonation. Combustion is modeled using detailed chemistry and formulations for turbulent flame propagation. The use of detailed chemistry caters for the prediction of physical and chemical properties, such as the octane rating, C:H:O-ratio or dilution. For both models, the laminar flame speed is retrieved from surrogate specific look-up tables compiled using the reaction mechanism for Ethanol containing Toluene Reference Fuels by Seidel (2017). In the fresh gas zone, the scheme is used for auto-ignition prediction. For this purpose, the G-equation coupled with a Well-Stirred-Reactor model is applied in RANS. In analogy, in the SI-SRM the combustion is modeled using a two zone model with stochastic mixing between the particles. RANS is used to develop the knock classification methodology and to analyze in detail location, size and shape of the auto-ignition kernels. RANS estimates the ensemble average of the process and therefore cannot reproduce a developing detonation. Hence, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is used to verify the methodology. Studies using wide ranges of surrogates with different octane rating and cycle-to-cycle variations are carried out using the computationally efficient SI-SRM. Cyclic variations are predicted based on stochastic mixing, stochastic heat transfer to the wall, varying exhaust gas recirculation composition and imposed probability density functions for the inflammation time and the scaling of the mixing time retrieved from RANS. The methodology is verified for spark timing and octane rating. It is shown that the surrogate formulation has an important impact on knock prediction. RANS is suitable to predict the mean strength of auto-ignition in the unburnt gas if the thermodynamic and chemical state of the ignition kernel is analyzed instead of the pressure gradients. The probability of the transition to knocking combustion can be determined. Good agreement between RANS and SI-SRM are obtained. The combination of both tools gives insights of local effects using RANS and the distribution of auto-ignition in the whole pressure range of an operating point using SI-SRM with reasonable computationally cost for development purposes.}, subject = {Engine knock; Detailed chemistry; Computational fluid dynamics; Stochastic reactor model; Resonance theory; Motorisches Klopfen; Detaillierte Chemie; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Stochastisches Reaktormodell; Resonanztheorie; Ottomotor; Selbstz{\"u}ndung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Neben2019, author = {Neben, Matthias}, title = {3D-CFD der Gas-Partikel-Str{\"o}mung in einer Laval-D{\"u}se zur Vorhersage mechanischer Erosion}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-47976}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit betrachtet den erosiven Verschleiß von Laval-D{\"u}sen f{\"u}r den pneumatischen Stofftransport. Dazu wurden 3D-CFD-Simulationen der Gas-Partikel-Str{\"o}mung auf Basis des Softwarepaketes OpenFOAM durchgef{\"u}hrt und ein kompressibler 2-Wege-gekoppelter sowie 4-Wege-gekoppelter Str{\"o}mungsl{\"o}ser entwickelt. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden die Partikelmethoden von OpenFOAM erheblich erweitert. So sind z.B. zus{\"a}tzliche stochastische Methoden f{\"u}r die Partikel-Partikel und Partikel-Wand-Kollisionen (Sommerfeld \& Huber, 1999) mit einer erweiterten translatorischen und rotatorischen Impulserhaltung implementiert worden. Die auf die disperse Phase wirkenden fluidmechanischen Kr{\"a}fte sind die Widerstandskraft nach Henderson (1976), die Kraft durch Druck- und Spannungstensor sowie die Auftriebskraft. Der erosive Verschleiß wird wahlweise mit dem Tabakoff-Modell (Grant \& Tabakoff, 1973) und dem Oka-Modell (Oka et al., 2005; Oka \& Yoshida, 2005) berechnet. Diese Arbeit entstand in Zusammenarbeit mit dem HKW Cottbus, welches im Rauchgasreinigungssystem Laval-D{\"u}sen f{\"u}r den pneumatischen Abtransport von Asche verwendet. Aufgrund der hohen Gas- und Partikel-Geschwindigkeiten und der Kontur der D{\"u}sen sind diese massiv durch Erosion gesch{\"a}digt worden. Dadurch haben diese ihre Funktion als Blende verloren, was eine Sch{\"a}digung weiterer Komponenten des Rauchgasreinigungssystems zur Folge hatte. Zur Validierung des numerischen Str{\"o}mungsl{\"o}sers wurde das Experiment von Kumar et al. (1983) ausgew{\"a}hlt und ein qualitativ vergleichbares Ergebnis generiert (60\% des experimentellen Werts). Das charakteristische Verschleißbild des Experiments stellt sich nur unter Verwendung eines stochastischen Partikel-Wand-Kollisionsmodells mit hoher Wandrauigkeit ein. Im Fall glatter W{\"a}nde ist der erosive Verschleiß insgesamt geringer und es verschiebt sich das Maximum der lokalen Erosionsrate. Aufbauend auf diesen Erkenntnissen ist sowohl die Kontur der Laval-D{\"u}se des HKW Cottbus modifiziert worden als auch das Material der D{\"u}senwandung von 13CrMo44-Stahl zu Siliziumcarbid-Keramik ge{\"a}ndert worden. Die numerischen Simulationen des 4-Wege-gekoppelten Str{\"o}mungsl{\"o}sers zeigen, dass sich das lokale Maximum der Verschleißrate im kritischen Bereich der D{\"u}senkehle auf 1.5 \% des Ausgangswerts reduziert und zugleich von der D{\"u}senkehle weg verschiebt. In dieser Doktorarbeit ist im Gegensatz zu vergleichbaren numerischen Studien eine Validierung des Str{\"o}mungsl{\"o}sers an experimentellen Daten durchgef{\"u}hrt worden. Zudem ist die Bedeutung der Partikel-Partikel-Kollisionen und der Wandrauigkeiten f{\"u}r die Berechnung des erosiven Verschleißes bei Laval-D{\"u}sen aufgezeigt worden.}, subject = {Laval-D{\"u}se; Gas Partikel Str{\"o}mung; Mechanische Erosion; CFD; Laval nozzle; Gas particle flow; Mechanical erosion; Laval-D{\"u}se; Fluidpartikelstr{\"o}mung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Erosion}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Wiedemann2019, author = {Wiedemann, Philipp}, title = {Modellierung und numerische Simulation der konvektiven Trocknung von Braunkohlepartikeln in einer blasenbildenden Wirbelschicht}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-48439}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Modellierung und die numerische Simulation von Str{\"o}mung, W{\"a}rme- und Stofftransport zur Abbildung eines Trocknungsprozesses von Braunkohlepartikeln in einer blasenbildenden Wirbelschicht behandelt. Hierbei wird das Euler-Euler Two Fluid Model zugrunde gelegt und die Beschreibung des Fließverhaltens der Feststoffphase mittels der Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow realisiert. Ausgehend von einem {\"U}berblick zum aktuellen Stand der Forschung wird der Bedarf nach einer geeigneten Konfiguration von Modellparametern und Submodellen hinsichtlich der Str{\"o}mungsmodellierung sowie nach der Implementierung eines Trocknungsmodells abgeleitet und als Zielsetzung formuliert. Experimentelle Voruntersuchungen an einer Wirbelschichtanlage im Labormaßstab schaffen die Datenbasis f{\"u}r die sp{\"a}tere Validierung des Modells. Dabei erfolgt zun{\"a}chst eine Betrachtung einzelner Zustandspunkte von diskontinuierlichen Trocknungsprozessen, um die darin auftretenden, str{\"o}mungstechnischen Ver{\"a}nderungen zu quantifizieren. Zur Bewertung werden die makroskopischen Eigenschaften sowie Charakteristiken meso- und mikroskaliger Str{\"o}mungstrukturen herangezogen, die sich aus der Analyse von Druckfluktuationen ergeben. Des Weiteren werden die Trocknungsverl{\"a}ufe mehrerer Chargen f{\"u}r verschiedene Betriebsparameter aufgezeichnet. In einem ersten Untersuchungsschwerpunkt werden ausschließlich str{\"o}mungsmechanische Aspekte fokussiert. Auf Basis umfangreicher Sensitivit{\"a}tsanalysen zu den Einfl{\"u}ssen der rheologisch relevanten Parameter, der Impulsaustauschfunktion einschließlich der Partikelsph{\"a}rizit{\"a}t und der Randbedingungen f{\"u}r Beh{\"a}lterwand und Gaseinlass, sowie durch Vergleiche mit den experimentellen Daten wird eine Parameterkonfiguration des Str{\"o}mungsmodells vorgeschlagen. Die damit erzielten Ergebnisse sind insgesamt zufriedenstellend und geben die beobachteten Ver{\"a}nderungen im Trocknungsprozess korrekt wieder. Ursachen f{\"u}r bestehende Abweichungen zum Experiment werden diskutiert. Im zweiten Untersuchungsschwerpunkt wird der gesamte Trocknungsprozess betrachtet. Hierzu werden W{\"a}rme- und Stofftransportmechanismen innerhalb des Modells ber{\"u}cksichtigt, wobei die eigens implementierte Trocknungskinetik auf Ebene der Partikel ansetzt. Die Einfl{\"u}sse der Sph{\"a}rizit{\"a}t und zwei verschiedener Formulierungen zur Berechnung der W{\"a}rme- und Stoff{\"u}bergangskoeffizienten werden untersucht. F{\"u}r den favorisierten Parametersatz werden die Simulationen mit einem expliziten Vorw{\"a}rtsverfahren gekoppelt, wodurch die Trocknungsverl{\"a}ufe auf makroskopischer Zeitskale approximiert und somit mit den experimentellen Daten verglichen werden k{\"o}nnen. Es wird gezeigt, dass das vorgeschlagene Gesamtmodell die Trocknungsverl{\"a}ufe bei niedrigen bis m{\"a}ßigen Leerrohrgeschwindigkeiten zuverl{\"a}ssig abbilden kann. Auftretende Diskrepanzen werden diskutiert und weiterer Entwicklungsbedarf abgeleitet.}, subject = {Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Wirbelschicht; Trocknung; Braunkohle; Two Fluid Model; Computational fluid dynamics; Fluidized bed; Drying; Lignite; Two Fluid Model; Braunkohle; Konvektionstrocknung; Wirbelschichtverfahren; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Hoehne2016, author = {H{\"o}hne, Christian}, title = {Multimodal approach for the numerical simulation of ultrasonic guided waves in cylindrical structures of non-constant thickness}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-41255}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Guided waves hold great potential for applications in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing. Examples of possible applications are the ultrasonic testing and structural health monitoring of wheelset-axles as used in trains. Depending on the particular type, these axles can be described as either thick cylindrical rods or thick walled hollow cylinders with varying thickness. Wheelset-axles are safety relevant components that have to be inspected on a regular basis. The use of guided waves would allow a full inspection while accessing only the front faces of the axle, thus potentially speeding up the inspection procedure. In order to develop such an inspection technique, however, detailed knowledge of wave propagation through the axle is required. Established mesh-based procedures, like the finite element method, could be used to simulate guided wave propagation in such structures. However, due to the size of the axle itself and the comparatively fine mesh that is dictated by the wavelengths usually applied in ultrasonic testing, these mesh-based procedures would be very expensive in terms of computation times. The multimodal approach seems to be a very promising alternative that can be expected to provide results significantly faster. The multimodal method uses the guided wave modes of a corresponding waveguide with a constant cross-section as basis in which the local sound field at any given position in a waveguide with varying thickness can be expressed. Thereby the numerical effort is reduced to solving the one dimensional differential equations that govern the evolution of the coefficients in the mode spectrum along the waveguide. Once the sound field has been calculated, a time dependence can easily be included, which allows the simulation of pulse propagation through the waveguide. In this thesis, the multimodal approach, as described for the calculation of Lamb-waves in plates with non-constant thickness, is extended to other types of elastic waveguides such as cylindrical rods and thick walled hollow cylinders. For the sake of simplicity, investigations are restricted to axially symmetric wave modes. The results obtained with the multimodal approach are validated against FEM-simulations. It is shown that the multimodal method potentially holds a great advantage in terms of computation time over commercially available software based on the finite element method. Finally, the multimodal method is evaluated with respect to possible future applications on wheelset-axles.}, subject = {Guided waves; Numerical simulations; Ultrasound; Nondestructive testing; Cylindrical structures; Gef{\"u}hrte Wellen; Numerische Simulationen; Ultraschall; Zerst{\"o}rungsfreie Pr{\"u}fung; Zylinderstrukturen; Zylinder; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Ultraschallpr{\"u}fung; Plattenwelle; Wellenausbreitung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Meiselbach2015, author = {Meiselbach, Falko T.}, title = {Application of ODT to turbulent flow problems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-34952}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The continual optimization process for more efficiency of industrial flows has raised the need for providing deeper understanding of turbulence. These details can be provided by direct numerical simulation (DNS), which is impossible for most flows with current computers. Therefore, progress in optimizing Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and large eddy simulation (LES) modeling strategies will need to continue. Another ansatz is the reduction to 2D or 1D models to reduce the numerical cost. One dimensional turbulence (ODT) as presented by A. R. Kerstein is a new modeling strategy that reduces the 3D simulation to a 1D line of sight through the flow region. Due to the higher resolution afforded by the 1D model, it is possible to simulate even the smallest scales and to provide insight into turbulence statistics. To assess the advantages and disadvantages of the model, ODT has to be validated against several flows. Within this thesis, ODT is validated against the channel flow, the passive scalar transport and the channel flow with a fluctuating pressure gradient. These flows are simplified test cases for the phenomena present in single-phase industrial flows. ODT produces meaningful results for friction Reynolds numbers up to Reτ = 6·10⁵ and for Prandtl numbers from Pr = 0.025 to 50. Statistics of the wall shear stress are presented and the influence of pressure fluctuations is discussed. Based on these channel results, the non-breaking and breaking jet are simulated. While the former is a simplified case of a free-surface flow, the latter is of primary interest for spray formation and fuel injection. Detailed statistics of the TKE budgets and the breakup are presented. As the last case, the cloud top of a stratocumulus-topped boundary layer (STBL) was simulated. The case combines the interaction of an active and a passive scalar. It further combines the simulation of a stable and an unstable stratified region that suppresses and enhances turbulence respectively. The simulations reproduce the entrainment velocity and generate comparable mean and flux profiles compared to DNSs.}, subject = {One-Dimensional Turbulence; ODT; Channel flow; Heat transfer; Smoke cloud; One-Dimensional Turbulence; ODT; Kanalstr{\"o}mung; W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung; Rauchwolke; Turbulente Str{\"o}mung; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kangwanpongpan2013, author = {Kangwanpongpan, Tanin}, title = {Contribution to CFD modeling of lignite oxy-fuel combustion with special focus on radiation properties}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus-27597}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Coal consumption shares approximately 1/3 of a total global primary energy consumption, therefore this will mainly impact to global warming situation in the 21th century. For this reason, the natural resource such as coal should be processed in the most efficient way. Today, we have several combustion technologies to serve this purpose and oxy-fuel combustion is one of efficient method. In oxy-fuel technology, car-bon dioxide (CO2) will be captured in the liquid form for storaging into the ocean or injecting into the rock-sediment underground.CFD is an effective tool to analyse and approximate combustion gas species, temperature and heat transfer properties in oxy-fuel furnace. However, an insight into mathematical models for oxy-coal combustion is still restricted from many unknowns such as devolatilization rate, reaction mechanism of volatile reaction, turbulent gaseous combustion of volatile product, char heterogeneous reaction, radiation properties of gaseous mixture and heat transfer inside combustion chamber and through furnace's wall. Therefore, this dissertation aims to study mathematical modeling of lignite combustion under oxy-fuel conditions and also create new correlations for weighted sum of gray gases (WSGG) model for predictions of radiation properties of oxy-coal gas mixture.}, subject = {Oxyfuel-Verfahren; Numerisches Modell; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; CFD; Oxyfuel-Verbrennung; Strahlungsmodellierung; Braunkohle; CFD; Oxy-fuel combustion; Radiation modeling; Lignite}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schreiber2013, author = {Schreiber, Matthias}, title = {Modellierung von Hydrodynamik und W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung in blasenbildenden Wirbelschichten zur Trocknung von Braunkohle}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus-27263}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2013}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die numerische Modellierung der Hydrodynamik und W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung in blasenbildenden Wirbelschichten bestehend aus Braunkohlepartikeln untersucht. Zur Validierung der aus den Simulationen extrahierten Daten stehen zwei verschiedene Versuchsanlagen zur Verf{\"u}gung. In einem quasi-2D Wirbelschichtkaltmodell k{\"o}nnen hydrodynamische Gr{\"o}ßen gemessen werden. Mithilfe transparenter Vorder- und R{\"u}ckw{\"a}nde der Wirbelschicht kann eine automatische Bildanalyse per Digital Image Analysis Technique (DIAT) durchgef{\"u}hrt werden, um die Eigenschaften der aufsteigenden Blasen ermitteln zu k{\"o}nnen. Eine weitere zylindrische Wirbelschichtanlage mit einem einzelnen, horizontal eingetauchten Rohr dient zur Bestimmung des W{\"a}rme{\"u}bergangs von dem Rohr in die Wirbelschicht. Der W{\"a}rme{\"u}bergangskoeffizient wird dabei {\"u}ber eine Sonde gemessen, welche die Ermittlung der lokalen Verteilung der Werte {\"u}ber dem Gesamtumfang erm{\"o}glicht. Als Wirbelgut wurde in beiden Versuchsanlagen abgesiebte Trockenbraunkohle verwendet. Dem eigentlichen Schwerpunkt der Arbeit wird eine Untersuchung zu Simulationsparametern und -gittern vorangestellt, um deren Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse absch{\"a}tzen und passende Einstellungen ableiten zu k{\"o}nnen. Dies beinhaltet die Diskretisierung der konvektiven Terme in den Erhaltungsgleichungen, die gew{\"a}hlten Konvergenzkriterien und Zeitschrittweiten, die mindestens notwendigen Simulationsdauern und Mittelungszeitr{\"a}ume sowie die Aufl{\"o}sung und die Dimension des Rechengitters. Zur Modellierung der Hydrodynamik der Braunkohlewirbelschichten wird das Euler-Euler Two Fluid Model (TFM) unter Einsatz der Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF) zur Modellierung der Rheologie der Feststoffphase angewendet und die wichtigsten partikelrelevanten Modellparameter und Submodelle untersucht. Die in Braunkohlewirbelschichten sowohl ohne als auch mit dicht gepackten Tauchheizfl{\"a}chen durchgef{\"u}hrten Vergleiche werden anhand der experimentell ermittelten Versuchsergebnisse validiert. Die individuelle Wirkung der unterschiedlichen Parameterwerte und Submodelle ist im Allgemeinen in freien Wirbelschichten gr{\"o}ßer und deutlicher voneinander abgrenzbar als in den Wirbelschichten mit den Str{\"o}mungswiderst{\"a}nden. Deren Einfluss ist aufgrund ihrer dichten Anordnung dominierend. Von den untersuchten Gr{\"o}ßen stellt die Impulsaustauschfunktion den bedeutendsten Faktor zur ad{\"a}quaten Beschreibung der Hydrodynamik der Wirbelschicht dar. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung der W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung in Braunkohlewirbelschichten werden verschiedene Ans{\"a}tze zur Modellierung der W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeiten von Gas- und Feststoffphase betrachtet. Neben einem Standardmodell f{\"u}r die Wirbelschicht geh{\"o}ren dazu ebenfalls zwei unterschiedliche Methoden zur Einbeziehung von Effekten, die in unmittelbarer N{\"a}he eingetauchter Oberfl{\"a}chen zu beachten sind und die lokale W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit der Gas-Partikel-Suspension beeinflussen. Die Simulationen mit den genannten Modellen zur Beschreibung der W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeiten werden mittels globaler und lokaler Mittelwerte der sich ergebenden W{\"a}rme{\"u}bergangskoeffizienten an einem eingetauchten, horizontalen Einzelrohr miteinander und den experimentell gewonnenen Daten verglichen. Zus{\"a}tzlich erfolgt eine Variation der Leerrohrgeschwindigkeit sowie eine getrennte Diskussion der gas- und partikelkonvektiven Anteile. Die Resultate zeigen, dass ein W{\"a}rmeleitungsansatz in der N{\"a}he einer {\"U}bertragerfl{\"a}che zu deutlich niedrigeren W{\"a}rme{\"u}bergangskoeffizienten als die anderen beiden f{\"u}hrt, da er dort f{\"u}r die Feststoffphase geringere W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeiten annimmt. Weiterhin kann in den Simulationen unabh{\"a}ngig von Partikeldurchmesser und Geschwindigkeit ein starker Abfall der erzielten W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung im Bereich der Rohrflanken beobachtet werden, welcher die gr{\"o}ßte qualitative Abweichung zwischen den Daten aus den Simulationen und Experimenten darstellt. In einer Diskussion werden die Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r diese Diskrepanz beleuchtet.}, subject = {Braunkohle; Trocknung; Wirbelschichtverfahren; Hydrodynamik; W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung; Hydrodynamik; W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung; Blasenbildende Wirbelschicht; Braunkohle; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Hydrodynamics; Heat transfer; Bubbling fluidized bed; Lignite; Numerical simulation}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Krautwald2009, author = {Krautwald, Judith}, title = {Entwicklung eines Thermogravimetrie-Reaktors zur simultanen Untersuchung von Reaktion und Desaktivierung heterogener Katalysatoren}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus-15262}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Entwicklung eines „Thermogravimetrie-Reaktors", der als einfacher Ersatz f{\"u}r das Standardprobengef{\"a}ß eine Zwangsdurchstr{\"o}mung in konventionellen Thermowaagen erlaubt. Die Vorteile gegen{\"u}ber der Standardkonfiguration einer konventionellen Thermowaage werden anhand eines praktischen Beispieles, der Dehydrierung von Ethanol, aufgezeigt. Die Thermogravimetrie ist hervorragend zur kinetischen Untersuchung heterogen katalysierter Reaktionen geeignet, deren Desaktivierung mit einer {\"A}nderung der Katalysatormasse einhergeht (z.B. Verkokung). W{\"a}hrend sich die Kinetik der Gasphasenreaktion aus der kontinuierlichen Analyse der Gasphase ermitteln l{\"a}sst, folgt die Desaktivierungsgeschwindigkeit in solchen F{\"a}llen unmittelbar aus der zeitlichen {\"A}nderung der Katalysatormasse. Reaktion und Desaktivierung sind somit simultan und unter Reaktionsbedingungen untersuchbar. Trotz ihrer hohen Attraktivit{\"a}t f{\"u}r die Heterogene Katalyse werden konventionelle Thermowaagen f{\"u}r reaktionskinetische Untersuchungen bisher nur im geringen Umfang eingesetzt. In den meisten F{\"a}llen f{\"u}hren ung{\"u}nstige Str{\"o}mungsverh{\"a}ltnisse zum Auftreten einer Stofftransportlimitierung, wodurch die ermittelte Kinetik nicht oder nur bedingt auf andere Reaktoren {\"u}bertragbar w{\"a}re. Bei einem neueren Modell wird sich der Vorteil der Zwangsdurchstr{\"o}mung durch hohe Wartungs- und Investitionskosten erkauft. Demgegen{\"u}ber sind konventionelle Thermowaagen vergleichsweise g{\"u}nstig und genießen {\"u}berdies eine sehr weite Verbreitung. Gel{\"a}nge die Realisierung einer Zwangsdurchstr{\"o}mung in einer konventionellen Thermowaage, w{\"u}rde deren Flexibilit{\"a}t f{\"u}r reaktionskinetische Untersuchungen erheblich erweitert. Bliebe das Grundsystem hierbei erhalten, st{\"u}nde zugleich eine {\"a}ußerst preisg{\"u}nstige Alternative zur Verf{\"u}gung. Dadurch ließen sich an der Probe eindeutige Str{\"o}mungsverh{\"a}ltnisse einstellen, wodurch das Anwendungsgebiet der weit verbreiteten Grundsysteme f{\"u}r reaktionskinetische Untersuchungen in einfacher Weise erheblich erweitert w{\"u}rde. Das war die Motivation f{\"u}r die vorliegende Arbeit.}, subject = {Thermogravimetrie; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Chemischer Reaktor; Heterogene Reaktion; Thermogravimetrie-Reaktor; Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Naphthalinsublimation; Dehydrierung von Ethanol; Katalysatorverkokung; Thermogravimetry reactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Sublimation of naphthalene; Dehydrogenation of ethanol; Catalyst coking}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Myrnyy2006, author = {Myrnyy, Volodymyr}, title = {Generative Software-Entwicklung zur numerischen Str{\"o}mungssimulation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-000000900}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Die Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Entwicklung eines neuen Str{\"o}mungs-Simulators. Dabei werden die instation{\"a}ren Navier-Stokes-Gleichungen im inkompressiblen Fall und ohne Energie-Gleichung betrachtet und numerisch in zwei und drei Dimensionen gel{\"o}st. Die Frage der Wahl der numerischen Methoden stellt sich zwischen Finite-Volumen- (FVM) und Finite-Elemente-Methode (FEM), die im zweidimensionalen Fall f{\"u}r Delaunay-Triangulierungen und Raumdiskretisierungen niedriger Ordnung verglichen werden. Der Str{\"o}mungs-Simulator wird nach Prinzipien der generativen Programmierung entwickelt. S{\"a}mtliche Daten werden auf statische (vor der Kompilierung bekannte) und dynamische (erst in der Laufzeit bekannte) Daten verteilt. Demzufolge wird ein Simulator in der Kompilierungszeit aus elementaren, wiederverwendbaren Software-Komponenten zusammengestellt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden einige Teilberechnungen mit statischen Daten in der Kompilierungszeit durchgef{\"u}hrt. Damit erreicht man eine hohe Effizienz bez{\"u}glich CPU-Zeit und Speicher-Verbrauch. Diese neue Software wurde in der Programmiersprache C++ mit Template-Metaprogrammierung implementiert und wird als Generative Simulation Solver (GSS) bezeichnet.}, subject = {Numerische Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Softwareentwicklung; Str{\"o}mungssimulation; Navier-Stokes-Gleichungen; Finite-Elemente-Methode; Generative Programmierung; Template-Metaprogrammierung}, language = {de} }