The core of libraries is to share knowledge with society. This is the focus of the open science movement as well: see the definition of open science in the FOSTER project (https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/). Here lies a huge opportunity for research libraries to reinvent themselves in the digital age. At the same time, it is not evident what terms enable reuse of scientific results and protect patrons and those participating in research at the same time. Openness conflicts with intellectual property rights, privacy and security. When striving to be open and neutral, libraries face ethical dilemmas. We should be open about these too.