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Epoxy/Carbon nanotube (CNT) composites are interesting materials that could be used in a wide variety of applications. In this study, CNT contents of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt% were used for reinforcing epoxy. A nanoindentation device and a temperature regulating system were developed in order to investigate the effect of CNTs on the time-dependent properties of epoxy using relaxations and creep tests on the nano scale. The relaxation tests showed a significant shift for the relaxation spectrum towards shorter times with introducing a low CNT content of 0.25 wt%. Additionally, creep tests showed that both the holding time at a constant load and the unloading velocity have a major effect on the contact stiffness. However, there was no effect for the CNTs on the creep behavior with contents lower than 1 wt%, which was related to the presence of a percolation threshold around this value.
Structural supercapacitor electrolytes based on bicontinuous ionic liquid-epoxy resin systems
(2013)
'Structural electrolytes' retain the desirable mechanical characteristics of structural (epoxy) resins whilst introducing sufficient ionic conductivity to operate as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. Here, a series of ionic liquid–epoxy resin composites were prepared to identify the optimum system microstructure required to achieve a high level of multifunctionality. The ionic conductivity, mechanical properties, thermal stability and morphology of the cured epoxy based structural electrolytes were studied as a function of phase composition for three fully formulated high performance structural epoxy systems. At only 30 wt% of structural resin and 70 wt% of ionic liquid based electrolyte, stiff monolithic plaques with thicknesses of 2–3 mm were obtained with a room temperature ionic conductivity of 0.8 mS cm-1 and a Young's modulus of 0.2 GPa. This promising performance can be attributed to a long characteristic length scale spinodal microstructure, suggesting routes to further optimisation in the future.