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Nonlinear ultrafast switching based on soliton self-trapping in dual-core photonic crystal fibre
(2016)
In this paper, we present a systematic numerical study of a novel ultrafast nonlinear switching
concept based on soliton self-trapping in dual-core (DC) photonic crystal fibre (PCF).
The geometrical parameters of highly-nonlinear (HN) DC microstructure are optimized
with regard to desired linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics. The comparable
magnitude of fibre coupling length and soliton period is identified as a key condition for
presented switching concept. The optimized DC PCF design is subjected to detailed nonlinear
numerical study. Complex temporal-spectral-spatial transformations of 100 fs hyperbolic
secant pulse at 1550 nm in the DC PCF are studied numerically employing a model based on
coupled generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations solved by a split-step Fourier method.
For the optimized DC structure, mutual interplay of solitonic and coupling processes gives
rise to nonlinear switching of self-trapped soliton. The output channel (fibre core) for the
generated soliton can be controlled via the input pulse energy. For vertical polarization, the
optimal soliton switching with extinction ratio contrast of 32.4 dB at 10.75 mm propagation
distance is achieved. Even better switching contrast of 34.8 dB can be achieved for horizontal
polarization at optimal propagation distance of 10.25 mm. Besides energy-controlled soliton
self-trapping switching, the fibre supports also nonlinear polarization switching with soliton
switching contrast as high as 37.4 dB. The proposed fibre holds a high application potential
allowing efficient ultrafast switching of sub-nanojoule pulses at over-Tb/s data rates requiring
only about 1 cm fibre length.