Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2022 (65) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
- Posterpräsentation (65) (entfernen)
Referierte Publikation
- nein (65)
Schlagworte
- Laser powder bed fusion (6)
- Additive manufacturing (5)
- Amorphous phases (5)
- Phosphates (5)
- Nanoparticles (4)
- Struvite (4)
- Transition metal (4)
- Additive Manufacturing (3)
- AlSi10Mg (3)
- Fluorescence (3)
- Mesoporosity (3)
- Micropatterning (3)
- Polydopamine (3)
- Two-photon polymerisation (3)
- Additive Fertigung (2)
- Automation (2)
- Conductivity (2)
- Corrosion (2)
- FAIR (2)
- In situ heating (2)
- Ionic Liquid crystals (2)
- MMC (2)
- NFDI (2)
- Nanoconfinement (2)
- Nanoparticle (2)
- Nanoplastic (2)
- Non-classical crystallization (2)
- Oxidglas (2)
- Photocatalysis (2)
- Polymorphism (2)
- Robotische Glasschmelzanlage (2)
- SEM/EDS (2)
- SnO2 (2)
- Synchrotron X-Ray Refraction (2)
- Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (2)
- Thermally induced porosity (2)
- Transition metals (2)
- AFM (1)
- AGIL (1)
- Advanced manufacturing (1)
- Affinity chromatography (1)
- Affinity extraction (1)
- Affinity support (1)
- Al alloy (1)
- Alterung von Pyrotechnik (1)
- Aluminium Alloy (1)
- Aluminum oxide (1)
- Amino acid analysis (1)
- Amphiphilicity (1)
- Antibodies (1)
- Antibody purification (1)
- Aromatic amino acid analysis AAAA (1)
- Assay (1)
- Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (1)
- AuNP (1)
- BSA (1)
- BadgerFilm (1)
- Benannte Stelle (1)
- Beratung Behörden/Ministerien (1)
- Beta decay (1)
- Bildanalyse (1)
- Bildverarbeitung (1)
- Bonding Analysis (1)
- Bonding analysis (1)
- Bovine serum albumin (1)
- Brachytherapy (1)
- Bronze (1)
- Calcium cobaltite (1)
- Camera (1)
- Cancer treatment (1)
- Catalysis (1)
- Certified reference material (1)
- Cheminformatics (1)
- Chromatography (HIC) (1)
- Clustered nanoparticles (1)
- Computational Chemistry (1)
- Computed tomography (1)
- Core-shell (1)
- Corrosion Testing (1)
- Corrosion product layer (1)
- Crack propagation (1)
- Creep (1)
- Cryo-TEM (1)
- Crystal orientation (1)
- DFT (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- Data Science (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Dielectric Spectroscopy (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Digitaler Zwilling (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Dosimetry (1)
- Downstream processing (1)
- EDX (1)
- EMN (1)
- ESEM (1)
- Eigenspannung (1)
- Electron Backscatter Diffraction (1)
- Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) (1)
- Electron beam induced modification (1)
- Electron microscopy (1)
- Elemental composition (1)
- Energy deposit (1)
- Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- European Metrology Network (1)
- FE (1)
- FIB (1)
- Fallhammer (1)
- FeNi (1)
- Film depositition (1)
- Flexible crystals (1)
- Functionality type distribution (1)
- GD-OES (1)
- Geant4 (1)
- Geant4-DNA (1)
- Gel electrolytes (1)
- Glass (1)
- Glutaraldehyde (1)
- Gold Nanoparticles (1)
- Gold nanoparticles (1)
- Heat Treatment (1)
- High Voltage Insulation (1)
- High entropy alloy (1)
- Hollow specimen (1)
- Holz (1)
- Human plasma (1)
- Hydrogen (1)
- Hydrophobic interaction (1)
- Image processing (1)
- In-situ (1)
- In-situ SAXS/WAXS (1)
- JNP AdvManuNet (1)
- Konformitätsbewertung (1)
- L-PBF 316L (1)
- LEE (1)
- Lanthanide(III) (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (1)
- Lightweight structures (1)
- Lignin (1)
- Lignosulfonate (1)
- Lithium Ion Batteries (1)
- Livermore model (1)
- Low energy electrons (1)
- Luminescence (1)
- Luminescent materials (1)
- MCS (1)
- ML (1)
- Magic-sized cluster (1)
- Materialcharakterisierung (1)
- Materials Informatics (1)
- Me-TiO2 (1)
- Mechanical Behavior (1)
- Mechanochemistry (1)
- Metrology (1)
- Microdosimetry (1)
- Microplastic (1)
- Mikro-CT (1)
- Molar mass distribution (1)
- Monte-Carlo simulation (1)
- Morpho-chemical characterization (1)
- NFDI-MatWerk (1)
- NMR (1)
- NP (1)
- Nanomaterial (1)
- Nanosensors (1)
- Neutron diffraction (1)
- Neutronbeugungsverfahren (1)
- Non-classical crystallization theory (1)
- Normung (1)
- OH radical (1)
- Ontologie (1)
- PBF-LB/M (1)
- PU Learning (1)
- Penelope model (1)
- Phosphate (1)
- Phosphonic acids (1)
- Photoluminescence (1)
- Polyglycerol (1)
- Position detection (1)
- Protein a (1)
- Protein hydrolysis (1)
- Protein immobilization (1)
- Protein quantification (1)
- Qualitätssicherung (1)
- Quantum yield (1)
- Radiation damage (1)
- Radiation therapy (1)
- Radiationtherapy (1)
- Radioactive decay (1)
- Radiolysis (1)
- Ratiometric sensors (1)
- Recycling (1)
- Reductive amination (1)
- Reference Data (1)
- Reference Dataset (1)
- Reference material (1)
- Reproducibility (1)
- Research Data Management (1)
- Residual Stress (1)
- Round robin (1)
- SDS-PAGE (1)
- SEM (1)
- Sapphire (1)
- Scaffold (1)
- Scanning electron microscopy (1)
- Shape (1)
- SiGe (1)
- Silica (1)
- Silica- and polystyrene particles (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) (1)
- Soil (1)
- Sprengplattieren (1)
- Standard (1)
- Sulfiding (1)
- Surface analysis (1)
- Surface energy (1)
- Surface morphology (1)
- Synchrotron X-ray Refraction (1)
- Synthesis (1)
- Synthesizability (1)
- TED-GC/MS (1)
- TEM (1)
- TEM Image (1)
- TOPAS (1)
- TOPAS-nbio (1)
- TRIS (1)
- Test procedure (1)
- Thermal Spray (1)
- Thermoelectric generator design (1)
- Thermoelectric oxides (1)
- Thickness (1)
- Thin films (1)
- Titania nanoparticles (1)
- Transmission electron microscopy (1)
- Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) (1)
- Tyrosine (1)
- Waveguide (1)
- X-Ray Diffraction (1)
- X-ray Diffraction (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- ZfP (1)
- Zinc and galvanized samples (1)
- ZnSe (1)
- Zünder (1)
- beta particle (1)
- pH sensing (1)
- particle scattering (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 6 Materialchemie (29)
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (14)
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (12)
- 6.3 Strukturanalytik (12)
- 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung (12)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (8)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (7)
- 6.6 Physik und chemische Analytik der Polymere (7)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (7)
- 6.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (5)
Luminescent lanthanides(III) offer exceptional optical properties that can overcome issues often encountered with other fluorophores (e.g. organic dyes). Their long lifetimes up to milliseconds, low photobleaching and sharp and characteristic emission peaks make the lanthanides extremely valuable for the development of advanced luminescent materials. Previous work on Ru(II) and Ir(III) gold surfaces further highlights the potential of employing the luminescence of metal complexes for the fabrication of sensing platforms and devices.
Here, we incorporate visible and NIR-emitting lanthanide(III) complexes Ln2L3 (Ln = Eu(III), Nd(III), Yb(III)) to gold and plasmonic surfaces, translating the unique optical properties of the lanthanides(III) to practical devices. The Ln2L3 complexes are deposited on the surfaces with different methods, ranging from polymer aided physisorption to the covalent attachment on the gold surface. Furthermore, we exploit the high sensitivity to the coordination environment of lanthanides(III) to design and prepare a sensing platform.
Trash to treasure: recovery of transition metal phosphates for (electro-)catalytical applications
(2022)
Wastewaters containing high concentrations of NH4+, PO43- and transition metals are environmentally harmful and toxic pollutants. At the same time phosphorous and transition metals constitute valuable resources. Here, we report the synthesis routes for Co- and Ni-struvites (NH4MPO4∙6H2O, M = Ni2+, Co2+) out of aqueous solutions resembling synthetic/industrial waste water compositions, and allowing for P, ammonia and metal co-precipitation. Furthermore, the as-obtained struvites were further up-cycled. When heated, these transition metal phosphates (TMPs) demonstrate significant changes in the degree of crystallinity/coordination environment involving a high amount of amorphous phases and importantly develop mesoporosity (Figure 1). In this regard, amorphous and mesoporous TMPs are known to be highly promising (electro-)catalysts.
Amorphous phases do not represent a simple “disordered” crystal but more a complex system with a broad range of compositions and physicochemical properties, which remain mostly unknown. Consequently, we investigated the recrystallization and amorphization process during thermal treatment and a resolved the complex amorphous/crystalline structures (Figure 2). As a proof-of-principle for their applicational use, the as-obtained TMPs demonstrate significant proton conductivity properties similar to apatite-like structures from room to high temperatures (>800°C).
Hence, we have developed a promising recycling route in which environmental harmful contaminants like PO43-, NH4+ and 3d metals would be extracted out of waste waters in the form of precursor raw materials. These raw materials can be then further up-cycled through a simple thermal treatment for their specific application in electrocatalysis.
The interest to additively manufacture Nickel-based superalloys has substantially grown within the past decade both academically and industrially. More specifically, additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) offer the ability to produce dense parts within a single manufacturing step. In fact, the exceptional freedom in design associated with the layer-based nature of the processes is of particular interest for the complex shapes typically required in turbine applications. In certain cases, the overall part performance can be achieved by tailoring the microstructure and the crystallographic texture to the specific application. However, these advantages must be paid at a price: the large local temperature gradients associated with the rapid melting and solidification produce parts that inherently contain large residual stress in the as-manufactured state. In addition, the presence of pores in the final part may further affect the in-service part failure. As among Nickel-based alloys Inconel 718 exhibits excellent weldability, this alloy has been widely studied in open research in the domain of LPBF. However, significant microsegregation of the heavier alloying elements such as Niobium and Molybdenum accompanied by dislocation entanglements may preclude the application of conventional heat treatment schedules. Therefore, different post processing heat treatments are required for laser powder bed fused Inconel 718 as compared to conventional variants of the same alloy.
In this study, we investigated two different heat treatment routes for LPBF Inconel 718. In a first routine, the samples were stress relieved and subsequently subjected to hot isostatic pressing (HIP) followed by a solution heat treatment and a two-step age (referred to as FHT). In a second routine, the samples were subjected to a single-step direct age post stress relieving heat treatment (referred to DA). We investigated the consequences of such heat treatment schedules on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical behavior. We show that by applying a DA heat treatment the typical columnar microstructure possessing a crystallographic texture is retained, while an equiaxed untextured microstructure prevails in case of an FHT heat treatment. We further evaluate how these heat treatments affect the mechanical behaviour on the macroscopic and microscopic scale.
The complexity of any microstructural characterization significantly increases when there is a need to evaluate the microstructural evolution as a function of temperature. To date, this characterization is primarily performed by undertaking elaborative ex-situ experiments where the material’s heating procedure is interrupted at different temperatures or times. Moreover, these studies are often limited to a region smaller than the representative elementary volume, which can lead to partial or even biased interpretations of the collected data. This limitation can be greatly overcome by using in-situ synchrotron X-ray refraction (SXRR). In this study, SXRR has been combined with in-situ heat treatment to monitor the porosity evolution as a function of temperature. It is shown that SXRR is a robust and straightforward method for time-resolved (3-5 min required per scan) evaluation of thermally induced microstructural changes over macroscopically relevant volumes.
The complexity of any microstructural characterization significantly increases when there is a need to evaluate the microstructural evolution as a function of temperature. To date, this characterization is primarily performed by undertaking elaborative ex-situ experiments where the material’s heating procedure is interrupted at different temperatures or times. Moreover, these studies are often limited to a region smaller than the representative elementary volume, which can lead to partial or even biased interpretations of the collected data. This limitation can be greatly overcome by using in-situ synchrotron X-ray refraction (SXRR). In this study, SXRR has been combined with in-situ heat treatment to monitor the porosity evolution as a function of temperature. This technique is a robust and straightforward method for time-resolved (3-5 min required per scan) evaluation of thermally induced microstructural changes over macroscopically relevant volumes.
Previous work in the Dunne Group targeted dispersibility of metal oxide nanoparticles, which had been synthesised via an aqueous sol-gel route. Dispersibility was attained by solvothermal surface modification of the particles with trifluoro acetic acid (TFA). Part of the studies were tin oxide particles, which is known for its predominant rutile phase. Besides the dispersibility in acetone of the particles, an unexpected peak splitting of the (110) reflection was observed, which could be an unknown phase of SnO2 . For crystal growth long-term reaction studies on the tin oxide particles were performed. Interestingly these studies exhibited a time dependent extend of the peak splitting observed in XRD characterisation. Further extended analysis using multinuclear solid-state MAS-NMR spectroscopy indicate a size dependent structure change due to partial fluorination of the particles during the solvothermal treatment.
Nanoparticles (NPs) have become important materials for a variety of chemical technologies, including catalysis. One of the main challenges is the reduction of green house gases, such as CO2. One opportunity besides the capturing is the conversion to synthesis gas via the reverse water-gas shift reaction.
A facile and efficient method is described for the solvothermal synthesis of size-tunable, stable, and uniform NiCu core-shell NPs. The diameter of the NPs can be tuned in a range from 6 nm to 30 nm and the Ni:Cu ratio from 30:1 to 1:1. The NPs are structurally characterized with combination of transmission electron microscopy, anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure. Using these analytical methods, a core-shell-shell structure their chemical composition is elucidated. A depletion from the core to the shell is observed, with the core consisting of NiCu alloy, surrounded by an inner Ni-rich shell and an outer NiO shell. The SiO2-supported NiCu core-shell NPs show pronounced selectivity of >99% for CO in the catalytic reduction of CO2 to CO using hydrogen as reactant (reverse water–gas shift reaction).
Als bildgebendes und zerstörungsfreies Verfahren eignet sich die Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) insbesondere bei der Untersuchung von Kunst- und Kulturgütern. Die für Werkstoffprüfung und Materialanalyse konzipierten CT-Anlagen bieten dank hoher Röntgenleistung die Möglichkeit zusätzlich zu Holz, Keramiken und Kunststoffen auch stark schwächende Materialien, wie bspw. Metalle, zu durchdringen. Für eine hohe räumliche Auflösung im unteren Mikrometerbereich (2-200µm) sorgen entsprechend ausgelegte CT-Anlagen. In der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) stehen mehrere solcher CT-Anlagen für unterschiedliche Fragestellungen sowie Probengrößen und - materialien zur Verfügung. Einige Beispiele aus den vergangenen Arbeiten der BAM veranschaulichen das große Potential dieser Untersuchungsmethode.
Da bei einer CT-Messung in der Regel das gesamte Untersuchungsobjekt erfasst und in ein digitales Volumenmodell überführt wird, eröffnet sich für Archäologen und Restoratoren die Möglichkeit Untersuchungen hinsichtlich Materialzusammensetzung, Erhaltungszustand und Herstellungstechnik am virtuellen Objekt vorzunehmen, ohne die Originalsubstanz zu beeinträchtigen. Gegenüber der klassischen Radiografie, bei der nur eine zweidimensionale Abbildung erreicht wird, bietet die CT-Untersuchung die Möglichkeit innenliegende Strukturen dreidimensional zu erfassen. Die notwendige Bestimmung der Objektoberfläche erlaubt zudem die Erstellung eines Oberflächenmodells des untersuchten Gegenstandes. Damit lassen sich unter anderem mechanische Simulationen (Belastung, Durchbiegung, Durchströmung) durchführen. Der erzeugte Datensatz kann somit auch zur Herstellung eines Replikats im 3D-Druckverfahren genutzt werden. Anhand der Untersuchung der Mandoline von Smorsone wird gezeigt, wie eine CT-Messung durchgeführt wird und wie in dem anschließend rekonstruierten 3D-Datensatz mittels Koordinatenmesstechnik Maße (Abstände, Wandstärken, Winkel) exakt ermittelt werden können.
Mechanical properties of metals and their alloys are strongly governed by their microstructure. The nanometer-sized precipitates in hardenable wrought aluminium alloys, which can be controlled by heat treatment, act as obstacles to dislocation movement within the material and are critical to the mechanical performance of the component, in this case a radial compressor wheel of a ships’ engine. TEM-based image analysis is essential for the study to investigate the microstructural changes (precipitation coarsening) that occur as a result of ageing at elevated temperatures.
Für die konventionelle Fertigung hat sich das bestehende System der Qualitätsinfrastruktur (QI) bewährt. Die additive Fertigung vergrößert den gestalterischen Spielraum von möglichen Bauteilgeometrien und Prozessfehlern jedoch erheblich. Hier gerät die QI an ihre Grenzen, sodass die Fertigung und Zulassung sicherheits-relevanter Bauteile sehr zeit- und kostenintensive Versuche erfordern. Eine moderne digitale QI erlaubt eine effizientere Qualitätssicherung für additiv gefertigte Bauteile. Dies erfordert eine durchgängig digitale Abbildung des physischen Materialflusses.