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- Zeitaufgelöste THz Spektroskopie (1)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (ZfP) (1)
- ZfP-Ausbildung (1)
- Zugprüfungen (1)
- Zwischenlagenzeit (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- circular economy (1)
- inspection (1)
- non-destructive testing (NDT) (1)
- photothermisch (1)
- µ-CT (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (420)
- 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (420)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (52)
- 9.3 Schweißtechnische Fertigungsverfahren (37)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (26)
- 8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen (26)
- 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung (25)
- 9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten (17)
- 8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren (15)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (14)
- 1.9 Chemische und optische Sensorik (10)
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (10)
- 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen (10)
- 7.1 Baustoffe (7)
- 7.4 Baustofftechnologie (7)
- 3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher (6)
- 4 Material und Umwelt (6)
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (6)
- 5.3 Polymere Verbundwerkstoffe (5)
- 9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen (5)
- 1.4 Prozessanalytik (4)
- 3.3 Sicherheit von Transportbehältern (4)
- 3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern (4)
- 7.2 Ingenieurbau (4)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (3)
- 6 Materialchemie (3)
- 8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik (3)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (2)
- 5.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (2)
- 5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse (2)
- 6.3 Strukturanalytik (2)
- 7.3 Brandingenieurwesen (2)
- 7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz (2)
- 2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit (1)
- 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern (1)
- 3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern (1)
- 3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien (1)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (1)
- 5.2 Metallische Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe (1)
- 6.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (1)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (252)
Industrial Radiology is used for volumetric inspection of industrial objects. By penetration of these objects (typically weldments, pipes or castings) with X-ray or Gamma radiation the 3D-volume is projected onto a 2D image detector. The X-ray film is the oldest radiographic image detector and still in wide use in industry. The industrial X-ray film systems used today differ from these used in medicine. Medical film systems are described well in the literature, but industrial film systems not. So we start with a description of the properties and standards for industrial film systems. The requirements on image quality are defined by several standards and can be verified with different image quality indicators (IQIs). They describe the ability of the human being to detect small and low contrast indications in a noisy image background. The essential parameters for digital industrial radiology are described.
Since about 30 years electronic image detectors are gradually replacing the industrial film. These detectors are based on storage phosphor imaging plates in combination with Laser scanners (“Computed Radiography”, CR) or a variety of different digital detector arrays (DDA). Typical applications of CR and DDAs are discussed as well as new possibilities by digital image processing, which is enabled by the computer based image handling, processing and analysis.
Es wird ein Verfahren zur Charakterisierung der Beständigkeit und Langzeitstabilität von additiv gefertigten Kunststoff-Bauteilen vorgestellt. Dabei sollen die Prüfkörper über 2000 Stunden künstlich bewittert und währenddessen die Änderungen der Eigenschaften der Bauteile zerstörungsfrei untersucht werden. Die Erkenntnisse dienen für die Entwicklung einer Strategie für eine Qualitätskontrolle von additiv gefertigten Kunststoffteilen.
Active thermography with flash and halogen light excitation is used as a method for non-destructive testing of 3D-printed polymer components. Test specimens with artificial defects have been generated, using laser sintering and fused layer modeling. These test specimens have been investigated in different measurement configurations with both excitation methods. Afterwards, the different measurement conditions were compared regarding their capability to detect the defects. Furthermore, advanced analysis methods are used, to fully exploit the capabilities of these techniques.
Active IR thermography
(2018)
In order to test their suitability different non-destructive methods were performed to inspect a GFRP plate with artificial defects. These defects were manufactured by means of thin PTFE sheets inserted between two plies in three different depth. The inspection methods were microwave reflection, flash thermography and phased array ultrasonics, all applied to the same specimen. Selected results are shown for all methods demonstrating opportunities and limits of the particular inspection methods. The achieved detection limits and further application aspects are compared directly to provide a useful information for the planning of inspection tasks.
Influence of the real energy input on the sensitivity of thermographic testing in case of GFRP
(2018)
Thermographic testing (TT) is an upcoming nondestructive method, which requires no contact at all to the specimen and can be applied on larger areas simultaneously. The measurement concept is based on the production of a thermal imbalance at the surface of the object under test. When the surface of this object is heated by an external source for a certain time, the surface temperature drops subsequently, influenced by inner defects of the sample. This leads to thermal contrasts at the surface. It is crucial that those contrasts are large enough to be detectable above the noise level. In a first approximation, the observed temperature contrast at a defect is proportional to the energy which was really introduced into the specimen during the heating period. However, the real energy input in a TT experiment is almost always unknown due to distinct parameters of the experimental setup or the material investigated. Typically, only the power consumption of the heating sources is reported, sometimes combined with the distance to the specimen surface.
This contribution describes the thermographic inspection of a rear side thickness variation from 1 to 2 cm at GFRP. This could represent a rear side adhesive bond i.e. in a wind turbine rotor blade. The front side heating was realized by usual halogen lamps with variable radiation power. The detected temperature contrast at the front side will be related to the different energy inputs determined by means of a simple analytical model applied to the experimental data. Additionally, the experimental data are compared with results of FEM simulations performed by COMSOL Multiphysics.
The results clearly demonstrate the key role of the real energy input in a real TT setup, if detection limits have to be evaluated.
Systematic errors in the evaluation of uncorrected data from thermographic lock-in measurements
(2018)
Lock-in thermography (LT) is based on the correct evaluation of phase differences between the temperature oscillations at different surface regions of the object under test during periodic heating. Since the usual heating procedures contain a DC component, the actual heating pattern achieved is not harmonic. This causes systematic deviations when phase differences are determined by means of harmonic analysis, e.g. with FFT analysis. The resulting errors depend clearly on the ratio between DC and AC amplitude, which is demonstrated at simulated and experimentally recorded temperature transients. Further experimental LT data obtained by different oscillating energy inputs showed a variety of possible shapes of transients with different DC components.
The detection of cracks before the failure is highly significant when it comes to safety-relevant structures. Crack detection in metallic samples at high surface temperature is one of the challenging situation in manufacturing industries. Laser thermography has already proved its detection capability of surface cracks in metallic samples at room temperature. In this work a continuous wave (CW) laser use to generate a laser, which is using to scan the metal surface with notch. The corresponding heat distribution on the surface monitored using infrared thermal (IR) camera. A simplified 3D model for laser thermography is developed and validated with experimental results. A dedicated image processing algorithm developed to improve the detectability of the cracks. To understand the dependency of surface temperature, laser power, laser scanning speed etc. in defect detection, we carried out parametric studies with our validated model. Here we report the capability of laser thermography in crack detection at elevated temperature.
Optical lock-in thermography is a completely contactless and very sensitive NDT technique. As an optical source of energy, incandescent lamps are most commonly used because they are relatively inexpensive and offer high irradiances at the test specimen. However, they are strongly restricted by their low modulation bandwidth with a maximum modulation frequency of only about 1 Hz. The use of high-power kilowatt-class laser sources, e.g. diode laser arrays, pushes this constraint beyond 100 Hz. This allows for the exploration of the near-surface region of metals and layer systems with better and more accurate penetration depth and depth resolution. Moreover, these lasers are virtually free of any additional thermal radiation that could interfere with the “true” thermal response emitted from the heated sample. In turn, they can be easily used in a one-sided test configuration.
We present current activities with kilowatt-class high-power laser sources for advanced lock-in thermography and focus on the application of laser arrays that offer a very high irradiation strength over a large sample area beyond the mentioned advantages.
Optical lock-in thermography is a completely contactless and very sensitive NDT technique. As an optical source of energy, incandescent lamps are most commonly used because they are relatively inexpensive and offer high irradiances at the test specimen. However, they are strongly restricted by their low modulation bandwidth with a maximum modulation frequency of only about 1 Hz. The use of high-power kilowattclass laser sources, e.g. diode laser arrays, pushes this constraint beyond 100 Hz. This allows for the exploration of the near-surface region of metals and layer systems with better and more accurate penetration depth and depth resolution. Moreover, these lasers are virtually free of any additional thermal radiation that could interfere with the “true” thermal response emitted from the heated sample. In turn, they can be easily used in a one-sided test configuration. We present current activities with kilowatt-class highpower laser sources for advanced lock-in thermography and focus on the application of laser arrays that offer a very high irradiation strength over a large sample area beyond the mentioned advantages.