Filtern
Autor*in
- Resch-Genger, Ute (65)
- Weller, Michael G. (36)
- Rurack, Knut (31)
- Koch, Matthias (29)
- Lisec, Jan (23)
- Vogl, Jochen (22)
- Kaufmann, Jan Ole (16)
- Meermann, Björn (16)
- Gawlitza, Kornelia (15)
- Recknagel, Sebastian (15)
- Schmid, Thomas (15)
- Schneider, Rudolf (15)
- Maiwald, Michael (14)
- Wegner, Karl David (14)
- von der Au, Marcus (14)
- Hamm, B. (13)
- Makowski, M. R. (13)
- Meyer, Klas (13)
- Adams, L. C. (12)
- Brangsch, J. (12)
- Jaeger, Carsten (10)
- Sommerfeld, Thomas (10)
- Tscheuschner, Georg (10)
- Wang, Cui (10)
- Würth, Christian (10)
- Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique (9)
- Andresen, Elina (9)
- Dariz, P. (9)
- Emmerling, Franziska (9)
- Hoffmann, Katrin (9)
- Panne, Ulrich (9)
- Paul, Martin (9)
- Reimann, C. (9)
- Climent Terol, Estela (8)
- Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan (8)
- Kader, A. (8)
- Karst, U. (8)
- Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya (8)
- Rühle, Bastian (8)
- Bald, Ilko (7)
- Botnar, R. M. (7)
- Buchholz, R. (7)
- Mangarova, D. B. (7)
- Oelze, Marcus (7)
- Piechotta, Christian (7)
- Riedel, Jens (7)
- Becker, Roland (6)
- Bell, Jérémy (6)
- Förster, C. (6)
- Geißler, Daniel (6)
- Heinze, K. (6)
- Jakubowski, Norbert (6)
- Mauch, Tatjana (6)
- Paul, Andrea (6)
- Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J. (5)
- Gornushkin, Igor B. (5)
- Haase, H. (5)
- Keller, Julia (5)
- Kern, Simon (5)
- Kimani, Martha Wamaitha (5)
- Kipphardt, Heinrich (5)
- Moeckel, J. (5)
- Munir, R. (5)
- Ostermann, Markus (5)
- Pöschl, U. (5)
- Radnik, Jörg (5)
- Rienitz, O. (5)
- Saatz, Jessica (5)
- Scholtz, Lena (5)
- Simon, Franz-Georg (5)
- Taupitz, M. (5)
- Tavernaro, Isabella (5)
- Traub, Heike (5)
- Villajos Collado, José Antonio (5)
- Weigert, Florian (5)
- You, Yi (5)
- Zaidi, N. (5)
- Backes, A. T. (4)
- Cossmer, Antje (4)
- Epping, Ruben (4)
- Faßbender, Sebastian (4)
- Frenzel, Florian (4)
- Kalbe, Ute (4)
- Kneipp, Janina (4)
- Laux, P. (4)
- Lucas, K. (4)
- Luch, A. (4)
- Prinz, Carsten (4)
- Raysyan, Anna (4)
- Reinmuth-Selzle, K. (4)
- Richter, Silke (4)
- Riedel, Juliane (4)
- Roesch, Philipp (4)
- Rosner, M. (4)
- Sack, I. (4)
- Saleh, Maysoon I. (4)
- Simon, Fabian (4)
- Tuma, Dirk (4)
- Valderrey, Virginia (4)
- Vogel, Christian (4)
- Völzke, Jule L. (4)
- Wan, Wei (4)
- Wander, Lukas (4)
- Wilke, Marco (4)
- Winckelmann, Alexander (4)
- Wittwer, Philipp (4)
- Zhao, J. (4)
- Ziegler, K. (4)
- Beyer, S. (3)
- Biesen, L. (3)
- Blumrich, A. (3)
- Bornemann-Pfeiffer, Martin (3)
- Borzekowski, Antje (3)
- Buttler, Sabine (3)
- Carl, Peter (3)
- Ebel, Kenny (3)
- Ecke, Alexander (3)
- Eigler, S. (3)
- Feldmann, Ines (3)
- Foryst-Ludwig, A. (3)
- Gehrenkemper, Lennart (3)
- Gornushkin, Igor (3)
- Grauel, Bettina (3)
- Hecht, Mandy (3)
- Häusler, I. (3)
- Kage, Daniel (3)
- Kalmbach, J. (3)
- Keller, S. (3)
- Kintscher, U. (3)
- Kislenko, Evgeniia (3)
- Kuner, Maximilian (3)
- Leifke, A. L. (3)
- Lozano-Martín, D. (3)
- Muth, Thilo (3)
- Penk, Sibylle (3)
- Pfeifer, Jens (3)
- Pramann, A. (3)
- Reiss, P. (3)
- Rietsch, P. (3)
- Roik, Janina (3)
- Schellenberger, E. (3)
- Schwaar, Timm (3)
- Schwerdtle, T. (3)
- Seitz, M. (3)
- Tannenberg, Robert (3)
- Tatzel, Michael (3)
- Tchipilov, Teodor (3)
- Tentschert, J. (3)
- Thöne-Reineke, C. (3)
- Vanhaecke, F. (3)
- Völker, Tobias (3)
- Westphalen, Tanja (3)
- You, Zengchao (3)
- Al-Sabbagh, Dominik (2)
- Alexopoulos, C. (2)
- Ashokkumar, Pichandi (2)
- Avila, M. A. (2)
- Baldan, A. (2)
- Bandow, N. (2)
- Bartelmeß, Jürgen (2)
- Baum, K. (2)
- Beal, D. (2)
- Bennet, Francesca (2)
- Beslic, D. (2)
- Bigall, N. C. (2)
- Boden, P. (2)
- Bodmer, R. (2)
- Boehm-Sturm, P. (2)
- Borca, C. (2)
- Bosc-Bierne, Gaby (2)
- Bothen, N. (2)
- Braun, Ulrike (2)
- Carrella, L. M. (2)
- Chakraborty, I. (2)
- Chamorro, C. R. (2)
- Changjun, Y. (2)
- Chunxin, L. (2)
- Climent, Estela (2)
- Coll, J.-L. (2)
- Coplen, T. B. (2)
- Dazhou, C. (2)
- Dhamo, Lorena (2)
- Ding, T. (2)
- Dorgerloh, Ute (2)
- Dresen, S. (2)
- Duewer, D. L. (2)
- Dussert, F. (2)
- Eckert, J. G. (2)
- El-Khatib, Ahmed H. (2)
- El-Schich, Z. (2)
- Engell, S. (2)
- Eremin, S. A. (2)
- Ewald, Shireen (2)
- Feliu, N. (2)
- Fernandes-Whaley, M. (2)
- Fischer, E. (2)
- Fleischer, C. (2)
- Flemig, Sabine (2)
- Gerhards, M. (2)
- Giannikopoulou, P. (2)
- Gjörloff-Wingren, A. (2)
- Gluth, Gregor (2)
- Gojani, Ardian (2)
- Gottu Mukkula, A. R. (2)
- Grune, J. (2)
- Gröninger, Delia (2)
- Gugin, Nikita (2)
- Guhl, Svetlana (2)
- Gökcen, T. (2)
- Gören, A. C. (2)
- Haase, Hajo (2)
- Haase, M. (2)
- Hackenberg, R. (2)
- Hafizi, F. (2)
- Hein, Sebastian (2)
- Hildebrandt, L. (2)
- Hildebrandt, P. (2)
- Hoffmann, Holger (2)
- Holden, N. E. (2)
- Holtkamp, M. (2)
- Holzapfel, M. (2)
- Hongmei, L. (2)
- Hua, T. (2)
- Huang, Y. (2)
- Huthwelker, T. (2)
- Hülagü, Deniz (2)
- Irrgeher, J. (2)
- Jakubowski, N. (2)
- Jung, Christian (2)
- Jungnickel, Robert (2)
- Kakoulides, E. (2)
- Kang, Y. (2)
- Kazlagic, Anera (2)
- Klein, O. (2)
- Kluge, Stephanie (2)
- Klyk-Seitz, Urszula-Anna (2)
- Knoche, Lisa (2)
- Konthur, Zoltán (2)
- Kotthoff, Lisa (2)
- Kowarik, Stefan (2)
- Kunte, Hans-Jörg (2)
- Langenhan, Jennifer (2)
- Laude, A. (2)
- Le Guevel, X. (2)
- Leberer, S. (2)
- Leenen, M. (2)
- Liehr, Sascha (2)
- Lippa, K. (2)
- Liu, H. (2)
- Liu, Y. (2)
- Liu, Z. (2)
- Lommel, Lukas (2)
- Lu, T. (2)
- Mai, A. (2)
- Mai, C. (2)
- Marin, R. (2)
- Marquardt, Julien (2)
- Martín, M. C. (2)
- Matschat, Ralf (2)
- Mattera, L. (2)
- Meijer, H. A. J. (2)
- Meixner, A. (2)
- Mekonnen, Tessema Fenta (2)
- Michalchuk, Adam (2)
- Moreau, A. (2)
- Mueller, S. (2)
- Mutas, M. (2)
- Möckel, J. (2)
- Müller, T. J. J. (2)
- Nadejde, C. (2)
- Nickl, Philip (2)
- Noureen, N. (2)
- Onthank, D. C. (2)
- Parak, W. J. (2)
- Paul, F. (2)
- Paulus, B. (2)
- Persson, J. L. (2)
- Philipp, Rosemarie (2)
- Polzer, J. (2)
- Ponader, Marco (2)
- Possolo, A. (2)
- Poveda, M. C. (2)
- Prohaska, T. (2)
- Pröfrock, D. (2)
- Qi, B. (2)
- Quinn, L. (2)
- Ramos, Inês I. (2)
- Rashid, R. (2)
- Reese, A. (2)
- Reichardt, P. (2)
- Reichenauer, F. (2)
- Reimann, K. (2)
- Rentschler, E. (2)
- Retzmann, Anika (2)
- Richter, Matthias (2)
- Riedel, Soraya (2)
- Robinson, S. P. (2)
- Rohn, S. (2)
- Rosenkranz, D. (2)
- Roy, S. (2)
- Röder, Bettina (2)
- Salge, M. (2)
- Sanchez-Cano, C. (2)
- Sander, L. C. (2)
- Sarkar, B. (2)
- Sauer, Andreas (2)
- Schenk, J. A. (2)
- Schoknecht, Ute (2)
- Scholz, G. (2)
- Schreiber, Frank (2)
- Schulz, F. (2)
- Schuppan, D. (2)
- Schwaar, T. (2)
- Schürmann, Robin (2)
- Seeger, Stefan (2)
- Segovia, J. J. (2)
- Segundo, Marcela A. (2)
- Sellergren, B. (2)
- Serrano, V. (2)
- Shen, Z. (2)
- Simon, M. (2)
- Smeir, E. (2)
- Sobottka, S. (2)
- Srivastava, Priyanka (2)
- Steglich, P. (2)
- Steinhäuser, Lorin (2)
- Stephan, D. (2)
- Tang, Chi-Long (2)
- Tatzel, M. (2)
- Teo, T. L. (2)
- Tobias, Charlie (2)
- Truffier-Boutry, D. (2)
- Tukhmetova, Dariya (2)
- Vega-Maza, D. (2)
- Vogler, G. (2)
- Wang, J. (2)
- Wang, T. (2)
- Weidner, Steffen (2)
- Wetzel, Annica (2)
- Wiedenbeck, M. (2)
- Wilke, M. (2)
- Wise, S. A. (2)
- Witt, Julia (2)
- Witthuhn, Heike (2)
- Zimmermann, T. (2)
- von Törne, Wipert Jannik (2)
- Özcan Sandikcioglu, Özlem (2)
- Abbas, Ioana M. (1)
- Abouhany, R. (1)
- Adam, Christian (1)
- Adamus, A. (1)
- Aguilera, Felipe (1)
- Ahiboz, D. (1)
- Ahmed, A. A. (1)
- Ahmed, A. A. A. (1)
- Aitken, M. D. (1)
- Akhdhar, A. (1)
- Akkus, Asli (1)
- Al Shakhs, Ali N. (1)
- Al-Hileh, L. (1)
- Aldakov, D. (1)
- Alexopoulos, I. (1)
- Ali, I. (1)
- Alm, K. (1)
- Alnajjar, M. A. (1)
- Altenburg, Simon (1)
- Ameskamp, J. (1)
- Anderhalten, L. (1)
- Anders, H.-J. (1)
- Andrle, Paul (1)
- Anggriawan, R. (1)
- Angulo, G. (1)
- Antoine, R. (1)
- Appelt, O. (1)
- Arendt, T. (1)
- Ascher, Lena (1)
- Ashraf, A. (1)
- Ashraf, M. (1)
- Auer, T. A. (1)
- Auliyati, M. (1)
- Aumayr, K. (1)
- Auxillos, J. (1)
- Avilov, S. (1)
- Baalousha, M. (1)
- Bachelier, J. B. (1)
- Baek, S. (1)
- Bagcioglu, M. (1)
- Bagley, S. (1)
- Bajcsy, P. (1)
- Bakker, G.-J. (1)
- Balasubramanian, Kannan (1)
- Bald, I. (1)
- Balderas-Xicohtencatl, R. (1)
- Balderas‐Xicohténcatl, Rafael (1)
- Bammann, R. R. (1)
- Bande, A. (1)
- Bandow, Nicole (1)
- Bargheer, M. (1)
- Barjenbruch, M. (1)
- Barreiros, Luísa (1)
- Bartholmai, Matthias (1)
- Bashir, M. (1)
- Bassi, A. (1)
- Bastos, V. (1)
- Baulin, V. A. (1)
- Bayerlein, Bernd (1)
- Baylan, S. (1)
- Bazin, P.-L. (1)
- Becker, C. (1)
- Becker-Ross, H. (1)
- Beckert, H. (1)
- Beer, F. (1)
- Beer, S. (1)
- Behnke, Thomas (1)
- Behren, S. (1)
- Beindorf, N. (1)
- Beindorff, N. (1)
- Beitz, T. (1)
- Belenguer, A. M. (1)
- Bell, A. M. (1)
- Bellinghausen, I. (1)
- Belousova, Darya (1)
- Belyaev, Y. (1)
- Benayad, A. (1)
- Benefield, J. (1)
- Bentrup, U. (1)
- Berenguer‐Murcia, Ángel (1)
- Bergmann, J. (1)
- Berkemeier, T. (1)
- Bernevic, Bogdan (1)
- Bettge, Dirk (1)
- Bettini, J. (1)
- Beule, D. (1)
- Beyer, Sebastian (1)
- Beyhoff, N. (1)
- Bhattacharya, Biswajit (1)
- Bhuckory, S. (1)
- Bienert, M. (1)
- Bierwagen, J. (1)
- Birngruber, K. A. (1)
- Bischof, J. (1)
- Bischoff, J. (1)
- Biskup, K. (1)
- Biyikal, Mustafa (1)
- Blanchard, V. (1)
- Bland, G. (1)
- Blank, A. (1)
- Blaskovich, M. (1)
- Bliesener, Lilly (1)
- Blinn, Catharina M. (1)
- Blocki, A. (1)
- Bodio, E. (1)
- Boehm, U. (1)
- Bojdys, M. J. (1)
- Bolea-Fernandez, E. (1)
- Bondarenko, S. (1)
- Borcherding, H. (1)
- Borde, T. (1)
- Bordel, N. (1)
- Bosch, M. (1)
- Botnar, R. (1)
- Boujtita, Mohammed (1)
- Braeuning, A. (1)
- Brandalero, M. (1)
- Brandenburg, S. (1)
- Bratu, A. E. (1)
- Brauckmann, C. (1)
- Braymer, Joseph J. (1)
- Breitlow, J. (1)
- Brenner, W. (1)
- Bresch, Harald (1)
- Brinza, L. (1)
- Broekgaarden, M. (1)
- Bromke, M. A. (1)
- Brotman, Y. (1)
- Brovelli, S. (1)
- Brown, C. M. (1)
- Brunet, G. (1)
- Brunink, D. (1)
- Brunjes, R. (1)
- Bröcker, S. (1)
- Buchinger, S. (1)
- Buckley, Craig E. (1)
- Burmester, G. R. (1)
- Burnage, Samual (1)
- Busser, B. (1)
- Buttner, C. (1)
- Byrne, L. (1)
- Báez-Cruz, R. (1)
- Bäßler, Henriette (1)
- Böhlke, J. K. (1)
- Bölz, Uwe (1)
- Börner, H. G. (1)
- Büchele, Dominique (1)
- Cabillic, J. (1)
- Cameron, L. A. (1)
- Cant, D.J.H. (1)
- Caraballo, R. (1)
- Carl, F. (1)
- Caroli, A. (1)
- Carriere, M. (1)
- Carrière, M. (1)
- Carrod, Andrew J. (1)
- Carulli, F. (1)
- Casabán, J. (1)
- Catrina, A. I. (1)
- Cazorla‐Amorós, Diego (1)
- Ceborska, M. (1)
- Chalfoun, J. (1)
- Chambers, J. J. (1)
- Chan, K. S. (1)
- Chan, P. (1)
- Chao, Madlen (1)
- Chapartegui-Arias, Ander (1)
- Charalambopoulou, Georgia (1)
- Chen, C.-L. (1)
- Cheow, P. S. (1)
- Chesson, L. A. (1)
- Choi, Youngeun (1)
- Choudhury, S. (1)
- Chronakis, Michail (1)
- Chronakis, Michail Ioannis (1)
- Cichy, S. (1)
- Cipriani, A. (1)
- Clark, P.C.J (1)
- Clifford, C.A. (1)
- Coesfeld, Bianca (1)
- Collettini, F. (1)
- Comby-Zerbino, C. (1)
- Conde-Sousa, E. (1)
- Cope, A. P. (1)
- Corbett, A. D. (1)
- Cordelieres, F. P. (1)
- Costa, Elena (1)
- Costas-Rodrigues, M. (1)
- Couturas, Fabrice (1)
- Crapnell, R.D. (1)
- Crasselt, C. (1)
- Creutzenberg, O. (1)
- Crouigneau, R. (1)
- Cuevas, Fermin (1)
- Dahlke, K. (1)
- Dai, Y. (1)
- Daniliuc, C.-G. (1)
- Danischewski, Julia (1)
- Dauphin, A. (1)
- Deistung, A. (1)
- Del Giorgio, Elena (1)
- Del Nery, E. (1)
- Demchenko, A. (1)
- Denat, F. (1)
- Descalzo, Ana B. (1)
- Di Rocco, Tommaso (1)
- Diehn, S. (1)
- Diehn, Sabrina (1)
- Dietrich, P. M. (1)
- Dietzel, R. (1)
- Dinse, J. (1)
- Diop, S. B. (1)
- Dobbie, I. M. (1)
- Doltsinis, N. L. (1)
- Dontsi, Fabiola T. (1)
- Dorner, B. G. (1)
- Dragos, O. (1)
- Dračínský, M. (1)
- Drewitz, T. (1)
- Dunn, P. J. H. (1)
- Döring, Sarah (1)
- Eberhardt, Karl (1)
- Ehm, J.H. (1)
- Eibenberger-Arias, S. (1)
- Eifert, T (1)
- Eifert, T. (1)
- Eisen, K (1)
- Eisen, K. (1)
- Eismann, F. (1)
- El-Khatib, A. H. (1)
- El-Khatib, Ahmed (1)
- Elahi, T. (1)
- Elbaum, R. (1)
- Elert, Anna Maria (1)
- Elofsson, M. (1)
- Engel, A. (1)
- Engel, N. (1)
- Epp, A. (1)
- Eremin, S. (1)
- Eriksson, H. (1)
- Eriksson, J. E. (1)
- Erler, A. (1)
- Ermakov, A. (1)
- Even, Morgane (1)
- Fairen‐Jimenez, David (1)
- Faklaris, O. (1)
- Falkenhagen, Jana (1)
- Fallot, C. (1)
- Faltin, E. (1)
- Fandino, J. (1)
- Faust, K. (1)
- Favaro, M. (1)
- Fazeli, E. (1)
- Feiler, Torvid (1)
- Feldmann, J. (1)
- Felscher, A. (1)
- Fernandez, Bárbara (1)
- Fernandez-Menendez, L. J. (1)
- Fernandez-Rodriguez, J. (1)
- Fernie, A. R. (1)
- Fernández, B. (1)
- Ferrand, A. (1)
- Fessard, V. (1)
- Fiedler, Saskia (1)
- Filiba, N. (1)
- Filimonova, S. M. (1)
- Fischer, C. (1)
- Fischer, Janina (1)
- Fjellheim, S. (1)
- Flierl, L. (1)
- Frank, M. (1)
- Fratzke, Franziska (1)
- Freise, C. (1)
- Frey, A. M. (1)
- Frick, D. A. (1)
- Frick, Daniel A. (1)
- Fricke, F. (1)
- Fried, H. (1)
- Frings, P. J. (1)
- Fröhlich, E. (1)
- Förster, Ch. (1)
- Fürstenwerth, Paul Christian (1)
- Gadicherla, A. K. (1)
- Gajek, A. (1)
- Galico, D. A. (1)
- Gallet, B. (1)
- Gande, S. L. (1)
- Garbe, Leif-Alexander (1)
- Garczynska, K. (1)
- Garrido, E. (1)
- Gaudreault, N. (1)
- Gaviña, P. (1)
- Gebauer, J. (1)
- Gebbers, R. (1)
- Geburtig, Anja (1)
- Gehrmann, P. (1)
- Geilert, Sonja (1)
- Geißler, D. (1)
- Gelman, L, (1)
- Genger, C. (1)
- Geyer, S. (1)
- Ghalgaoui, A. (1)
- Gharaati, S. (1)
- Gheisari, A. (1)
- Gherghel, D. (1)
- Gienger, J. (1)
- Ginghina, R. E. (1)
- Girardi, L. (1)
- Giray, Thorsten (1)
- Gjörloff Wingren, A. (1)
- Gleeson, Sarah A. (1)
- Gloaguen, Y. (1)
- Glodny, J. (1)
- Godard, A. (1)
- Goeritzer, M. (1)
- Goerlitz, V. (1)
- Goh, W. I. (1)
- Golusda, L. (1)
- Gontijo, L.A.P. (1)
- Gonzalez-Gago, C. (1)
- González-Iglesias, H. (1)
- Gotor, Raúl (1)
- Goze, C. (1)
- Görlich, A. S. (1)
- Gradzielski, M. (1)
- Graf, C. (1)
- Grasso, G. (1)
- Gravel, I. V. (1)
- Gregório, Bruno J.R. (1)
- Griesche, Axel (1)
- Griffin, E. (1)
- Groschke, Matthias (1)
- Gruber, J. (1)
- Gruendling, T. (1)
- Gröning, M. (1)
- Grötzinger, C. (1)
- Grüne, M. (1)
- Grünier, Sophie (1)
- Gui, E. M. (1)
- Guilbert, T. (1)
- Gundlach-Graham, A. (1)
- Guo, J. (1)
- Gutierrez Suburu, M. E. (1)
- Göhde, W. (1)
- Götze, J. P. (1)
- Gündüz, S. (1)
- Haag, Rainer (1)
- Haas, K.-H. (1)
- Haase, A. (1)
- Haase, Markus (1)
- Hachenberger, Y. U. (1)
- Hadleigh, R. (1)
- Haeckel, A. (1)
- Haferkamp, Sebastian (1)
- Haffert, L. (1)
- Hafner-Vuk, K. (1)
- Hahndorf, J. (1)
- Hanke, T. (1)
- Hansteen, T. (1)
- Hantschke, Luisa (1)
- Harrad, Stuart (1)
- Harrer, Andrea (1)
- Harris, J. P. (1)
- Hartfiel, Reni (1)
- Hartmann, H. (1)
- Hartmann, J: (1)
- Harycki, S. (1)
- Hattendorf, B. (1)
- Heck, Christian (1)
- Heggemann, Tobias (1)
- Heikens, D. (1)
- Hein, R. (1)
- Heiner, Z. (1)
- Heinselman, Karen N. (1)
- Heintze, K. (1)
- Heinze, Katja (1)
- Helbling, S. (1)
- Hemmer, E. (1)
- Hemmerich, P. (1)
- Hendriks, L. (1)
- Hennig, A. (1)
- Hensen, C. (1)
- Hensvold, A. (1)
- Hernandez-Castillo, A. O. (1)
- Hernández-Sigüenza, G. (1)
- Herrmann, Stefan (1)
- Herter, Sven-Oliver (1)
- Hertwig, A. (1)
- Herwartz, D. (1)
- Herwig, C (1)
- Herwig, C. (1)
- Herzel, Hannes (1)
- Heuser, A. (1)
- Heyl, J. L. (1)
- Heyn, L. (1)
- Hidde, G. (1)
- Hidde, Julia (1)
- Hierzegger, R. (1)
- Hildebrandt, N. (1)
- Hilgenberg, Kai (1)
- Hiller, W. (1)
- Himly, Martin (1)
- Hirscher, M. (1)
- Hirscher, Michael (1)
- Hodjat Shamami, Parya (1)
- Hoeft, B. (1)
- Hoffmann, A. (1)
- Hoffmann, E. J. (1)
- Hoffmann, K. (1)
- Hofmann, Andrea (1)
- Holbrook, T. (1)
- Holst, G. A. (1)
- Holz, S. (1)
- Homann, C. (1)
- Hora, J. M. (1)
- Horf, M. (1)
- Horillo, A. (1)
- Horn, Wolfgang (1)
- Hornung, J. (1)
- Huang, J. (1)
- Huang, M.-D. (1)
- Hudson, A.D. (1)
- Hufgard, Josefin (1)
- Hughes, Joseph (1)
- Humphries, Terry D. (1)
- Hund-Rinke, K. (1)
- Hyppanen, I. (1)
- Härkönen, P. (1)
- Häupl, T. (1)
- Hübner, M. (1)
- Hübner, Oskar (1)
- Hübscher, C. (1)
- Imbihl, R. (1)
- Incamps, A. (1)
- Incel, A. (1)
- Infante-Duarte, C. (1)
- Inostroza, Manuel (1)
- Iost, R. M. (1)
- Islam, Fahima (1)
- Isleyen, A. (1)
- Itano, M. S. (1)
- Itoh, N. (1)
- Jaehrling, R. (1)
- Jaffe, C. B. (1)
- Jambor, H. K. (1)
- Jamieson, O. (1)
- Janicke, B. (1)
- Jankuhn, S. (1)
- Jaque Garcia, D. (1)
- Jarvis, S. C. (1)
- Jaut, Valerie (1)
- Jenning, M. (1)
- Jennings, T. L. (1)
- Jiang, Shan (1)
- Jochum, T. (1)
- Joester, Maike (1)
- Johann, Sergej (1)
- Johansson, E. (1)
- Joshua, V. (1)
- Josserand, V. (1)
- Jouneau, P.-H. (1)
- Junge, Florian (1)
- Juritsch, Elevtheria (1)
- Kadomtseva, Alena (1)
- Kaiser, M. (1)
- Kaiser, Melanie N. (1)
- Kalot, G. (1)
- Kaminski, Katja (1)
- Kanehira, Y. (1)
- Kankare, J. (1)
- Kannengiesser, Thomas (1)
- Karlagina, Yu. Yu. (1)
- Karlovsky, P. (1)
- Karra, M. (1)
- Kasch, J. (1)
- Kasemann, S. A. (1)
- Kaskel, Stefan (1)
- Kazlagić, Anera (1)
- Kearns, P. (1)
- Kembuan, C. (1)
- Kemnitz, E. (1)
- Kempf, W. E. (1)
- Keppler, A. (1)
- Khalid, M. (1)
- Khan, I. (1)
- Khanipour, P. (1)
- Khanipour, Peyman (1)
- Kim, B. (1)
- Kim, Hyunlim (1)
- Kindness, A. (1)
- Kirchenbuechler, D. (1)
- Kirchner, M. (1)
- Kirilina, E. (1)
- Kitzmann, W.R. (1)
- Kjeldsen, H. (1)
- Klaer, R.-H. (1)
- Klinger, D. (1)
- Kloas, W. (1)
- Klopfleisch, R. (1)
- Klose, C. (1)
- Kläber, Christopher (1)
- Knigge, Xenia (1)
- Knobloch, Tim (1)
- Knospe, J. (1)
- Kobayashi, N. (1)
- Kobelt, D. (1)
- Koch, A. (1)
- Koch-Müller, M. (1)
- Kocic, J. (1)
- Kockmann, N. (1)
- Koenders, M. I. (1)
- Koenig, Maren (1)
- Koetz, J. (1)
- Koga, K. (1)
- Kohler, A. (1)
- Kohlhoff, Harald (1)
- Koll, J-C (1)
- Konetzki, J. (1)
- Konetzki, Jörg (1)
- Koopman, W. (1)
- Kornev, R. (1)
- Kornev, Roman (1)
- Kowalewska, Z. (1)
- Kraft, R. (1)
- Kraft, Ronja (1)
- Krahl, T. (1)
- Kraume, M. (1)
- Kraus, Werner (1)
- Krause, B. (1)
- Krens, G. (1)
- Krenzer, J. (1)
- Kreuzer, Oliver J. (1)
- Krevert, C. S. (1)
- Kriegel, F. L. (1)
- Kriegel, Fabian L. (1)
- Krivenkov, V. (1)
- Krobitsch, S. (1)
- Kromer, Ch. (1)
- Krukewitt, Lisa (1)
- Krumrey, Julian Frederic (1)
- Krupp, E. (1)
- Krylov, A. (1)
- Krüger, M. (1)
- Kubheka, G. (1)
- Kuchenbecker, Petra (1)
- Kukat, C. (1)
- Kulkarni, R. (1)
- Kunert, A. T. (1)
- Kunis, S. (1)
- Kunkel, D. (1)
- Kutterolf, S. (1)
- Köppen, Robert (1)
- Köster, U. (1)
- Kösters, J. (1)
- Kühl, A. A. (1)
- Kühn, S. (1)
- Labrador-Paez, Lucia, L. (1)
- Lacoste, J. (1)
- Lademann, J. (1)
- Lampen, A. (1)
- Lamprou, A. (1)
- Lang, C. (1)
- Lange, M. A. (1)
- Lanzillotta, M. (1)
- Lau, C. W. (1)
- Lauermann, I. (1)
- Layana, Susana (1)
- Le Xuan, Hoa (1)
- Lebas, E. (1)
- Lebègue, Estelle (1)
- Lee, H. (1)
- Lee, J. H. (1)
- Lee, S. (1)
- Lehmann, M. (1)
- Lehnik-Habrink, Petra (1)
- Lentzsch, P. (1)
- Lettow, Maike (1)
- Li, Q. (1)
- Li, Y.-F. (1)
- Licha, K. (1)
- Liebetrau, V. (1)
- Liebig, F. (1)
- Liesegang, Moritz (1)
- Lill, Roland (1)
- Lincheneau, C. (1)
- Lindemann, Franziska (1)
- Ling, W. L. (1)
- Linscheid, M. W. (1)
- Lischeid, G. (1)
- Lkhagvasuren, B. (1)
- Lochbrunner, S. (1)
- Lowry, G. (1)
- Lu, Y. (1)
- Luboradzki, R. (1)
- Ludwig, A. (1)
- Ludwig, J. (1)
- Luettges, K. (1)
- Lugli, F. (1)
- Lutowski, M. (1)
- López-Iglesias, C. (1)
- López-Serrano, Ana (1)
- Löhmann, Oliver (1)
- Löhmannsröben, H.-G. (1)
- Lörchner, Dominique (1)
- Lübkemann, F. (1)
- Lünsdorf, K. (1)
- Machado, W.S. (1)
- Machatschek, Rainhard (1)
- Mack, J. (1)
- Magalhães, Luís M. (1)
- Mages, H. W. (1)
- Magna, T. (1)
- Magnall, Joseph M. (1)
- Maisuls, I. (1)
- Maiwald, M. (1)
- Maleev, Nikita (1)
- Manley, P. (1)
- Manokhin, S. S. (1)
- Mansurova, Maria (1)
- Marcello, M. (1)
- Marcos, M. D. (1)
- Marco‐Lozar, Juan P. (1)
- Marcus, von der Au (1)
- Marie, R. (1)
- Marklein, B. (1)
- Markovina, A. (1)
- Marques, Sara S. (1)
- Martins, G. G. (1)
- Martins, Ines (1)
- Martins, Inês C.B. (1)
- Martusevich, A. (1)
- Martí-Centelles, V. (1)
- Martínez Mánez, R. (1)
- Martínez-Máñez, R. (1)
- Mathies, Helena (1)
- Matschaß, René (1)
- Maul, R. (1)
- Maul, Ronald (1)
- Mavrakis, E. (1)
- May, L. (1)
- Mech-Piskorz, J. (1)
- Mecozzi, F. (1)
- Medov, Vitaly (1)
- Meija, J. (1)
- Meijer, G. (1)
- Meisel, T. C. (1)
- Mekonnen, Tessema F. (1)
- Melnikov, E. S. (1)
- Melo, A. (1)
- Mendez-Lopez, C. (1)
- Menero-Valdés, P. (1)
- Menzel, R. (1)
- Metcalf, D. J. (1)
- Mey, A. S. J. S. (1)
- Meyer, S. (1)
- Michail Ioannis, Chronakis (1)
- Mikheeva, A. (1)
- Milosavljevic, A. R. (1)
- Mimus, S. (1)
- Misch, M. (1)
- Mitchell, C. A. (1)
- Mitkovski, M. (1)
- Mitze, H. (1)
- Mochalov, Georgy (1)
- Moerer, R. (1)
- Mohammad, W. (1)
- Mohr, Gunther (1)
- Mokrizkij, M. (1)
- Moldenhauer, Daniel (1)
- Moll, J. (1)
- Molnar, Brian (1)
- Mondeshki, M. (1)
- Monk, Melissa-Jane (1)
- Montag, D. (1)
- Montes-Bayón, M. (1)
- Moore, J. (1)
- Moossen, H. (1)
- Morawski, M. (1)
- Morcillo Garcia-Morato, Dalia (1)
- Morell, Daniel (1)
- Moreno Torres, Benjami (1)
- Moriscot, C. (1)
- Morr, A. (1)
- Moser, Marko (1)
- Mostafa, A. (1)
- Motto-Ros, V. (1)
- Mrkwitschka, Paul (1)
- Mueller, T. (1)
- Mueller, V. (1)
- Mulder, D. M. (1)
- Munck, S. (1)
- Murray, J. A. (1)
- Murugesu, M. (1)
- Musnier, B. (1)
- Mägdefessel, L. (1)
- Möller, H. M. (1)
- Mühle, U. (1)
- Mühlenhoff, Ulrich (1)
- Müller, A. (1)
- Müller, Larissa (1)
- Müller, M.H. (1)
- Müller, O. (1)
- Müller, S. (1)
- Müller, Th. J. J. (1)
- Nabiev, I. (1)
- Nack, L. (1)
- Nack, L. M. (1)
- Nammoonnoy, J. (1)
- Nau, W. M. (1)
- Nazarov, V. (1)
- Neamtu, M. (1)
- Neamtu, Mariana (1)
- Nelson, G. (1)
- Nelson, M. S. (1)
- Neubert, T. J. (1)
- Neuhaus, B. (1)
- Neumann, B. (1)
- Nguyen, Khoa (1)
- Nicolas, C. (1)
- Niedner-Schatteburg, G. (1)
- Niehaus, J. (1)
- Nifontova, G. (1)
- Nikoloski, Z. (1)
- Nilam, M. (1)
- Nirmalananthan-Budau, N. (1)
- Nitschke, R. (1)
- Nonhoff, U. (1)
- Noordmann, J. (1)
- Nordholt, Niclas (1)
- North, A. J. (1)
- Novakovic, K. (1)
- Nowak, K. (1)
- Nowak, S. (1)
- Nxumalo, T. (1)
- Nyokong, T. (1)
- O'Hara, Kate (1)
- Odintsova, G. V. (1)
- Ogayer, M. P. (1)
- Ogg, S. (1)
- Oh, Hyunchul (1)
- Ohlson, M. (1)
- Ohlsson, L. (1)
- Okruss, M. (1)
- Olbricht, Jürgen (1)
- Olfs, H.-W. (1)
- Oliveira, H. (1)
- Omranian, N. (1)
- Onami, S. (1)
- Onken, J. S. (1)
- Onthank, D. (1)
- Opitz, P. (1)
- Orf, I. (1)
- Oskoei, P. (1)
- Ostendorp, S. (1)
- Oyuntungalag, U. (1)
- Ozcan, Ozlem (1)
- Paclik, D. (1)
- Palmer, A. L. (1)
- Pan, G. (1)
- Panas, I. (1)
- Panthöfer, M. (1)
- Parilla, Philip A. (1)
- Parra, M. (1)
- Paskevicius, Mark (1)
- Paul-Gilloteaux, P. (1)
- Paula-Santos, G. M. (1)
- Pauli, Jutta (1)
- Pauw, Brian Richard (1)
- Pazoki, F. (1)
- Pedersen, S. F. (1)
- Peeters, M. (1)
- Pelzer, J. (1)
- Pereira Remelhe, M. (1)
- Pereiro, R. (1)
- Pergantis, S. A. (1)
- Petit, T. (1)
- Pfeifer, Dietmar (1)
- Phukphatthanachai, Pranee (1)
- Picher, Marie-Idrissa (1)
- Piepel, M.-F. (1)
- Pierik, Antonio J. (1)
- Pikramenou, Zoe (1)
- Pimentel, J. A. (1)
- Pine, K. (1)
- Pisonero, J. (1)
- Plantard, L. (1)
- Platt, B. (1)
- Pliquett, J. (1)
- Podder, S. (1)
- Polishuk, I. (1)
- Polyakov, D. S. (1)
- Pons, Monica (1)
- Pons, Monika (1)
- Popov, A. A. (1)
- Potopnyk, M. (1)
- Prasad, S. (1)
- Prevoo-Franzsen, D. (1)
- Pribil, M. J. (1)
- Proux, O. (1)
- Prädel, L. (1)
- Päpcke, A. (1)
- Pätzold, S. (1)
- Pätzold, Stefan (1)
- Pérez-Padilla, Victor (1)
- Qiu, X. (1)
- Quackatz, Lukas (1)
- Quarles Jr., C. D. (1)
- Qurashi, A. (1)
- Raab, A. (1)
- Raab, Christopher (1)
- Rabb, S. (1)
- Rabus, D. G. (1)
- Radaev, M. M. (1)
- Radbruch, H. (1)
- Radke, J. (1)
- Radunz, Sebastian (1)
- Ramanan, C. (1)
- Ramírez, A. (1)
- Rasse, T. (1)
- Rausch, J. (1)
- Rauscher, H. (1)
- Rautenberg, Max (1)
- Raysyan, A. (1)
- Reber, C. (1)
- Regnery, J. (1)
- Reichenbach, J. R. (1)
- Reifferscheid, G. (1)
- Rekunov, Nikita (1)
- Relling, A. (1)
- Remelhe, M. (1)
- Remmler, Dario (1)
- Ren, J. (1)
- Renard, B. Y. (1)
- Renko, K. (1)
- Rexhepaj, E. (1)
- Ribeiro, D. S. M. (1)
- Richter, C. (1)
- Riebe, D. (1)
- Riebeling, Ch. (1)
- Riedel, Maren (1)
- Riedel, Sebastian L. (1)
- Rieger, Philip (1)
- Rigo, Massimo (1)
- Rillig, M. C. (1)
- Rissiek, P. (1)
- Ritter, D. (1)
- Robinson, S. (1)
- Rodiouchkina, K. (1)
- Rodriguez-Sillke, Y. (1)
- Rodríguez-Díaz, Augusto (1)
- Roedinger, Stefan (1)
- Roethke, A. (1)
- Roggenbuck, D. (1)
- Rolle, F. (1)
- Romanov, Sergey (1)
- Royon, A. (1)
- Rueß, L. (1)
- Russo, Francesco (1)
- Rutherford, D. (1)
- Röllig, Mathias (1)
- Rönnelid, J. (1)
- Rösler, J. (1)
- Rösser, Ralf (1)
- Rücker, Kerstin (1)
- Rühl, Isabel (1)
- Saari, M. A. (1)
- Sada, C. (1)
- Saloga, J. (1)
- Samokhvalov, A. A. (1)
- Sancenón, F. (1)
- Sancey, L. (1)
- Sandelin, A. (1)
- Santolin, Lara (1)
- Santos, C.I.L. (1)
- Santos, J. L. M. (1)
- Sarhan, R. M. (1)
- Sarma, Dominik (1)
- Sarret, G. (1)
- Sassenroth, Diana (1)
- Sawal, G. (1)
- Saxena, K. (1)
- Schapman, D. (1)
- Scharf, Holger (1)
- Schedler, U. (1)
- Schiavon, M.A. (1)
- Schiel, D. (1)
- Schilling, Markus (1)
- Schinnen, Andrea (1)
- Schmid, M. (1)
- Schmidt, B. (1)
- Schmidt, C. (1)
- Schmidt, Carsten (1)
- Schmidt, M. (1)
- Schmidt, Stephan (1)
- Schmidt, W. (1)
- Schnorr, J. (1)
- Scholz, J. (1)
- Schoonderwoert, V. (1)
- Schoonjans, R. (1)
- Schramm, A. (1)
- Schroeder, Barbara (1)
- Schroth-Diez, B. (1)
- Schubert, H. (1)
- Schuessler, J. A. (1)
- Schuetz, L. C. (1)
- Schuetz, R. (1)
- Schulze, A. (1)
- Schulze, D. (1)
- Schulze, P. (1)
- Schurr, S. L. (1)
- Schutter, Jan David (1)
- Schwab, K. (1)
- Schwalbe, H. (1)
- Schwartz, S. (1)
- Schweizer, C. (1)
- Schweizer, S. (1)
- Schwibbert, K. (1)
- Schäfer, A. (1)
- Schäferling, Michael (1)
- Scoppola, E. (1)
- Sear, M. J. (1)
- Sebald, M.A. (1)
- Sega, M. (1)
- Seifert, Stephan (1)
- Seitz, A. (1)
- Seitz, G. (1)
- Sellrie, F. (1)
- Senkovska, Irena (1)
- Shabarova, L. (1)
- Shabarova, Lubov (1)
- Shah, F. A. (1)
- Shard, A.G. (1)
- Shaw, M. (1)
- Shchepochkina, O. Y. (1)
- Shelley, Jacob (1)
- Shinde, S. (1)
- Shkrunin, V. (1)
- Shlomchik, M. J. (1)
- Shoaib, N. (1)
- Shulda, Sarah (1)
- Sichler, Theresa Constanze (1)
- Sieber, M. J. (1)
- Siegmund, B. (1)
- Sigoli, F. A. (1)
- Sigrist, S. (1)
- Silbernagl, Dorothee (1)
- Silva, R. V. (1)
- Silvestre‐Albero, Joaquin (1)
- Skriner, K. (1)
- Skroblin, D. (1)
- Skrotzki, Birgit (1)
- Slominskii, Y. (1)
- Smales, Glen Jacob (1)
- Smatty, Sarah (1)
- Smorodchenko, A. (1)
- Soares, J. X. (1)
- Soares, T.C.C. (1)
- Solovyev, N. (1)
- Somma, V. (1)
- Sommer, Konstantin (1)
- Song, W. (1)
- Soukka, T. (1)
- Sowa, M. (1)
- Sowoidnich, K. (1)
- Spallanzani, Roberta (1)
- Spantgar, Farah (1)
- Spitaler, M. (1)
- Spranger, J. (1)
- Sreeramulu, S. (1)
- Staal, B. (1)
- Starr, D.E. (1)
- Stawski, Tomasz (1)
- Stehling, Oliver (1)
- Stein, L. (1)
- Stein, U. (1)
- Steiner, G. (1)
- Steiner, Markus (1)
- Stephan, Ina (1)
- Steriotis, Theodore (1)
- Sternbaek, L. (1)
- Sternbæk, L. (1)
- Stigliani, A. (1)
- Stoeckl, M. T. (1)
- Stollenwerk, M. M. (1)
- Strambio-De-Castillia, C. (1)
- Strassert, C. A. (1)
- Stratulat, C. (1)
- Strauss, H. (1)
- Stuff, Maria (1)
- Sturm, Heinz (1)
- Sturm, Patrick (1)
- Störmer, A. (1)
- Stümpfig, Martin (1)
- Sudar, D. (1)
- Sukhanova, A. (1)
- Sumpf, B. (1)
- Sun, C. (1)
- Sun, Yijuan (1)
- Suturina, E. A. (1)
- Swart, C. (1)
- Swedlow, J. R. (1)
- Swiegelaar, C. (1)
- Tahir, M. N. (1)
- Takahashi, Y. (1)
- Tampaxis, Christos (1)
- Tang, H. (1)
- Tang, K. (1)
- Tang, P. (1)
- Tarantini, A. (1)
- Tarazona, Natalia A. (1)
- Tarábek, J. (1)
- Taskula, S. (1)
- Teich, W. (1)
- Teillon, J. (1)
- Temgoua, Ranil C.T. (1)
- Tenenboim, H. (1)
- Terjung, S. (1)
- Ternes, T. (1)
- Theuring, F. (1)
- Thiele, A. (1)
- Thiele, D. (1)
- Thiele, Isabel (1)
- Thielmann, A. (1)
- Thobie-Gautier, Christine (1)
- Thuenauer, R. (1)
- Tinnefeld, Philip (1)
- Tjaden, B. (1)
- Todor, A. (1)
- Tonlé, Ignas K. (1)
- Trampel, R. (1)
- Treiling, S. (1)
- Tremel, W. (1)
- Treutler, Kai (1)
- Trog, S. (1)
- Trouillet, V. (1)
- Tschiche, H. R. (1)
- Tunc, M. (1)
- Ugur, N. (1)
- Unger, Jörg F. (1)
- Unger, Wolfgang (1)
- Usman, H. (1)
- Vajkoczy, P. (1)
- Vasileiadis, V. (1)
- Vasiliades, A. (1)
- Veico, V. P. (1)
- Verestiuc, L. (1)
- Verhassel, A. (1)
- Verlemann, C. (1)
- Vocke, R. D. (1)
- Voetz, M. (1)
- Vogel, Kristin (1)
- Vogel, S. (1)
- Voigt, A.-L. (1)
- Vranic, M. (1)
- Völker, Christoph (1)
- Wagner, M. (1)
- Wagner, S. (1)
- Walczyk, T. (1)
- Wallmann, K. (1)
- Walter, Thomas R. (1)
- Walther, W. (1)
- Wang, S. (1)
- Wang, Shu (1)
- Wang, X. (1)
- Wang, Y. (1)
- Weber, A. (1)
- Weber, F. (1)
- Weber, N. (1)
- Wegmann, Marc (1)
- Wehrle, Ralf (1)
- Weider, Prisca S. (1)
- Weisheit, W. (1)
- Weiskopf, N. (1)
- Weiss, Tilman (1)
- Welker, P. (1)
- Welzel, F. (1)
- Werneburg, Martina (1)
- Wesling, Volker (1)
- Westerdick, S. (1)
- Westerlind, U. (1)
- Widengren, J (1)
- Widera, D. (1)
- Widhalm, S. (1)
- Wiedenbeck, Michael (1)
- Wieser, M. E. (1)
- Wilde, S. (1)
- Wilke, Olaf (1)
- Willbold, M. (1)
- Wilms, C. D. (1)
- Wirth, E. K. (1)
- Wisniewska, A. (1)
- Witt, Angelika (1)
- Witte, F. (1)
- Witte, J. F. (1)
- Wittkamp, M. (1)
- Wittstock, Gunther (1)
- Wolf, J. (1)
- Wong, D. (1)
- Wood, L. J. (1)
- Wortmann, U. G. (1)
- Wright, G. D. (1)
- Wu, Y.T. (1)
- Wójcik, M. (1)
- Xiao, J. (1)
- Xu, R. (1)
- Yadav, Anur (1)
- Yip, Y. (1)
- Yoneda, S. (1)
- Yusenko, Kirill (1)
- Zacharias, M. (1)
- Zancajo, Victor M.R. (1)
- Zeise, I. (1)
- Zettner, Alina (1)
- Zhang, Kun (1)
- Zhang, L. (1)
- Zhang, Y. (1)
- Zhou, Z. (1)
- Zhu, X. (1)
- Zhu, X.-K. (1)
- Zhu, Y. (1)
- Zimathies, Annett (1)
- Zimmer, Martin (1)
- Zimmermann, B. (1)
- Zoister, Christian (1)
- Zuliani, T. (1)
- Zwigart, S. (1)
- Zänker, Steffen (1)
- de Krom, I. (1)
- de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana (1)
- de Souza Machado, A. A. (1)
- van de Krol, R. (1)
- van der Hout, J. W. (1)
- van der Veen, A. M. H. (1)
- von Boehn, B. (1)
- von Randow, M. (1)
- von der Kammer, F. (1)
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (346)
- Sonstiges (4)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (1)
- Corrigendum (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (352) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Fluorescence (53)
- Quantum yield (35)
- Sensor (25)
- Lifetime (21)
- Quality assurance (20)
- Dye (18)
- Photophysics (18)
- Nano (16)
- Synthesis (13)
- Cancer (12)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (352) (entfernen)
Paper des Monats
- ja (11)
Analysis of electrochemical and liver microsomal transformation products of lasalocid by LC/HRMS
(2022)
Rationale: Lasalocid (LAS), an ionophore, is used in cattle and poultry farming as feed additive for its antibiotic and growth-promoting properties. Literature on transformation products (TP) resulting from LAS degradation is limited. So far, only hydroxylation is found to occur as the metabolic reaction during the LAS degradation. To investigate potential TPs of LAS, we used electrochemistry (EC) and liver microsome (LM) assays to synthesize TPs, which were identified using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS).
Methods: Electrochemically produced TPs were analyzed online by direct coupling of the electrochemical cell to the electrospray ionization (ESI) source of a Sciex Triple-TOF high resolution mass spectrometer. Then, EC-treated LAS solution was collected and analyzed offline using LC/HRMS to confirm stable TPs and improve their annotation with a chemical structure due to informative MS/MS spectra. In a complementary approach, TPs formed by rat and human microsomal incubation were investigated using LC/HRMS. The resulting data were used to investigate LAS modification reactions and elucidate the chemical structure of obtained TPs.
Results: The online measurements identified a broad variety of TPs, resulting from modification reactions like (de-)hydrogenation, hydration, methylation, oxidation as well as adduct formation with methanol. We consistently observed different ion complexations of LAS and LAS-TPs (Na+; 2Na+ K+; NaNH4 +; KNH4 +). Two stable methylated EC-TPs were found, structurally annotated, and assigned to a likely modification reaction. Using LM incubation, seven TPs were formed, mostly by oxidation/hydroxylation. After the identification of LM-TPs as Na+-complexes, we identified LM-TPs as K+-complexes.
Conclusion: We identified and characterized TPs of LAS using EC- and LM-based methods. Moreover, we found different ion complexes of LAS-based TPs. This knowledge, especially the different ion complexes, may help elucidate the metabolic and environmental degradation pathways of LAS.
The drug salinomycin (SAL) is a polyether antibiotic and used in veterinary Medicine as coccidiostat and growth promoter. Recently, SAL was suggested as a potential anticancer drug.
However, transformation products (TPs) resulting from metabolic and environmental degradation of SAL are incompletely known and structural information is missing. In this study, we therefore systematically investigated the formation and identification of SAL derived TPs using electrochemistry (EC) in an electrochemical reactor and rat and human liver microsome incubation (RLM and HLM) as TP generating methods. Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was applied to determine accurate masses in a suspected target analysis to identify TPs and to deduce occurring modification reactions of derived TPs. A total of 14 new, structurally different TPs were found (two EC-TPs, five RLM-TPs, and 11 HLM-TPs). The main modification reactions are decarbonylation for EC-TPs and oxidation (hydroxylation) for RLM/HLM-TPs. Of particular interest are potassium-based TPs identified after liver microsome incubation because these might have been overlooked or declared as oxidated sodium adducts in previous, non-HRMS-based studies due to the small mass difference between K and O + Na of 21 mDa. The MS fragmentation pattern of TPs was used to predict the position of identified modifications in the SAL molecule. The obtained knowledge regarding transformation reactions and novel TPs of SAL will contribute to elucidate SAL-metabolites with regards to structural prediction.
Rapid, cost-efficient, and eco-friendly methods are desired today for routine analysis of the Fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) in edible vegetable oils. Liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) is commonly used to reliably control the specified ZEN maximum levels, which requires efficient sample clean-up to avoid matrix interferences. Therefore, a highly selective extraction and clean-up method based on reversible covalent hydrazine chemistry (RCHC) using hydrazine-functionalized silica was developed. This efficient solid-phase extraction (SPE) involves reversible hydrazone formation of ZEN with the hydrazine moiety covalently bound to a solid phase. Optimal conditions were achieved with 1 mL SPE cartridges filled with 400 mg of hydrazine-functionalized silica. The developed RCHC-SPE method was validated in an interlaboratory comparison study (ILC) with twelve participants analyzing six edible vegetable oils with a focus on maize oils. The derived method parameters (ZEN recovery 83%, repeatability 7.0%, and reproducibility 18%) meet the performance criteria of Commission Regulation (EC) No 401/2006. The developed RCHC-SPE-based HPLC-FLD method allows the reliable quantification of ZEN in the range of 47–494 μg/kg for different types of edible vegetable oils, also for matrix-reach native oils. Due to the high efficiency, the significantly reduced matrix load helps to extend the lifetime of analytical equipment. Furthermore, the re-useability of the RCHC-SPE cartridges contributes to an eco-friendly approach and reduced analysis costs. To our knowledge, this is the first report on ZEN quantification in edible vegetable oils based on manual RCHC-SPE cartridges. Due to its high performance, the developed RCHC-SPE method is a promising alternative to the current European standard method EN 16924:2017 (HPLC-FLD part).
Kornev, Roman ; Gornushkin, Igor ; Shabarova, Lubov ; Kadomtseva, Alena ; Mochalov, Georgy ; Rekunov, Nikita ; Romanov, Sergey ; Medov, Vitaly ; Belousova, Darya ; Maleev, Nikita
The processes of hydrogen reduction of silicon and germanium chlorides under the conditions of high-frequency (40.68 MHz) counteracted arc discharge stabilized between two rod electrodes are investigated. The main gas-phase and solid products of plasma-chemical transformations are determined. Thermodynamic analysis of SiCl4 + H2 and GeCl4 + H2 systems for optimal process parameters was carried out. Using the example of hydrogen reduction of SiCl4 by the method of numerical modeling, gas-dynamic and thermal processes for this type of discharge are investigated. The impurity composition of gas-phase and solid reaction products is investigated. The possibility of single-stage production of high-purity Si and Ge mainly in the form of compact ingots, as well as high-purity chlorosilanes and trichlorogermane, is shown.
The formation of transformation products (TPs) from contaminants and residues is becoming an increasing focus of scientific community. All organic compounds can form different TPs, thus demonstrating the complexity and interdisciplinarity of this topic. The properties of TPs could stand in relation to the unchanged substance or be more harmful and persistent. To get important information about the generated TPs, methods are needed to simulate natural and manmade transformation processes. Current tools are based on metabolism studies, photochemical methods, electrochemical methods, and Fenton's reagent. Finally, most transformation processes are based on redox reactions. This review aims to compare these methods for structurally different compounds. The groups of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, brominated flame retardants, and mycotoxins were selected as important residues/contaminants relating to their worldwide occurrence and impact to health, food, and environmental safety issues. Thus, there is an increasing need for investigation of transformation processes and identification of TPs by fast and reliable methods.
The knowledge of transformation pathways and identification of transformation products (TPs) of veterinary drugs is important for animal health, food, and environmental matters. The active agent Monensin (MON) belongs to the ionophore antibiotics and is widely used as a veterinary drug against coccidiosis in broiler farming. However, no electrochemically (EC) generated TPs of MON have been described so far. In this study, the online coupling of EC and mass spectrometry (MS) was used for the generation of oxidative TPs. EC-conditions were optimized with respect to working electrode material, solvent, modifier, and potential polarity. Subsequent LC/HRMS (liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry) and MS/MS experiments were performed to identify the structures of derived TPs by a suspected target analysis. The obtained EC-results were compared to TPs observed in metabolism tests with microsomes and hydrolysis experiments of MON.
Five previously undescribed TPs of MON were identified in our EC/MS based study and one TP, which was already known from literature and found by a microsomal assay, could be confirmed.
Two and three further TPs were found as products in microsomal tests and following hydrolysis, respectively. We found decarboxylation, O-demethylation and acid-catalyzed ring-opening reactions to be the major mechanisms of MON transformation.
This work aimed to evaluate high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS MAS), traditionally used to determine non-metals, for the determination of a new element, metal, vanadium. VO was selected as a target molecule because it is relatively stable and was expected to be spontaneously generated in a flame or a graphite furnace (GF). The high-resolution overview spectra of the molecule were obtained in a wide range of 480–630 nm, and absorption due to the X4Σ−–C4Σ− electronic transition was registered. A unique instrumental setup, comprising a prototype Modular Simultaneous Echelle Spectrograph (MOSES) and a commercial HR-CS MAS apparatus, was applied in the research. Finally, the spectral area centered at 550.6230 nm was selected for analysis. A method was developed to determine V in solutions of catalysts of heavy petroleum oil hydroprocessing using a commercial HR-CS spectrometer in a flame version. Although sensitivity was relatively poor (characteristic concentration 380 mg L−1), an extremely low noise enabled reaching a satisfactory detection limit (20 mg L−1 in solution, i.e. 0.1% m:m in the catalyst). For the first time vanadium was determined using ordinary air-acetylene flame. The obtained results were consistent with the results of atomic absorption spectrometry with N2O-C2H2 flame. Unfortunately, only a small population of VO molecules could have been generated in GF measurements. Furthermore, the observed VO molecules appeared only at unfavorably high temperatures. The work shows the potential of HR-CS MAS as a scientific tool for investigating the mechanism of processes occurring in the GF. This work can inspire other research of new analytes for HR-CS MAS.
Transparent dispersions of hydrophobic SrF2 :Eu3+ nanoparticles in cyclohexane with up to 20% europium were obtained by fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis followed by Phase transfer into cyclohexane through capping with sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). The particles were characterized by TEM, XRD and DLS as spherical objects with a diameter between 6 and 11 nm in dry state. 1H-13CP MAS NMR experiments revealed the binding of the anionic sulfonate head group to the particle surface. The particles show bright red luminescence upon excitation of the aromatic capping agents, acting as antennas for an Energy transfer from the benzenesulfonate unit to the Eu3+ centers in the particles. This synthesis method overcomes the current obstacle of the fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis that transparent dispersions can be obtained directly only in hydrophilic solvents. To demonstrate the potential of such hydrophobized alkaline-earth fluoride particles, transparent luminescent organic-inorganic composites with 10% SrF2 :Eu3+ embedded into polyTEGDMA, polyBMA, poly-BDDMA and polyD3MA, respectively, were prepared, endowing the polymers with the luminescence features of the nanoparticles.
Kromer, Ch. ; Schwibbert, K. ; Gadicherla, A. K. ; Thiele, D. ; Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya ; Laux, P. ; Resch-Genger, Ute ; Luch, A. ; Tschiche, H. R.
Biofilms are ubiquitous in nature and in the man-made environment. Given their harmful effects on human health, an in-depth understanding of biofilms and the monitoring of their formation and growth are important. Particularly relevant for many metabolic processes and survival strategies of biofilms is their extracellular pH. However, most conventional techniques are not suited for minimally invasive pH measurements of living biofilms. Here, a fluorescent nanosensor is presented for ratiometric measurements of pH in biofilms in the range of pH 4.5–9.5 using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The nanosensor consists of biocompatible polystyrene nanoparticles loaded with pH-inert dye Nile Red and is surface functionalized with a pH-responsive fluorescein dye. Its performance was validated by fluorometrically monitoring the time-dependent changes in pH in E. coli biofilms after glucose inoculation at 37 °C and 4 °C. This revealed a temperature-dependent decrease in pH over a 4-h period caused by the acidifying glucose metabolism of E. coli. These studies demonstrate the applicability of this nanosensor to characterize the chemical microenvironment in biofilms with fluorescence methods.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection can enable the early diagnosis of high-risk HPV types responsible for cervical cancer. HPV detection is also essential for investigating the clinical behavior and epidemiology of particular HPV types, characterization of study populations in HPV vaccination trials and monitoring the efficacy of HPV vaccines. In this study, two azaBODIPY dyes (1 and 2) were used as references and were doped into polystyrene particles (PS40), while a short HPV DNA single strand was used as a target molecule and was covalently bound to the silica shell. These particles were employed as optical probes in 1:1 hybridization assays, and their potential applicability as a tool for multiplex assays for the detection of different strands of HPV was evaluated using flow cytometry. A good separation in the fluorescence of the four different voncentrations prepared for each dye was observed. To perform the hybridization assays, HPV18, HPV16, HPV11 and HPV6 single strands were attached to the particles through EDC-mediated coupling. The c-DNA-1-PS40 and c-DNA-2-PS40 particles exhibited low limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values for HPV11, and a narrow detection range was obtained. Multiplexed assay experiments were successfully performed for both particles, and the results proved that c-DNA-1-PS40 could potentially be used as a tool for multiplexing assays and merits further in-depth study in this context.