Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (1727)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (37)
- Forschungsbericht (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (1750)
- Deutsch (11)
- Mehrsprachig (3)
- Portugiesisch (1)
Referierte Publikation
- ja (1765) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Fluorescence (53)
- Additive manufacturing (52)
- SAXS (43)
- Nanoparticles (39)
- Quantum yield (36)
- MALDI-TOF MS (33)
- Concrete (32)
- Corrosion (28)
- Mechanochemistry (28)
- Polylactide (25)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 6 Materialchemie (386)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (322)
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (263)
- 4 Material und Umwelt (163)
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (163)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (154)
- 6.3 Strukturanalytik (150)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (150)
- 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung (102)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (92)
- 1.2 Biophotonik (72)
- 5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation (67)
- 1.1 Anorganische Spurenanalytik (59)
- 6.6 Physik und chemische Analytik der Polymere (57)
- 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (56)
- 6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien (55)
- 9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen (55)
- 1.7 Organische Spuren- und Lebensmittelanalytik (53)
- 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen (53)
- 8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen (53)
- 9.3 Schweißtechnische Fertigungsverfahren (52)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (51)
- 6.5 Synthese und Streuverfahren nanostrukturierter Materialien (51)
- 1.4 Prozessanalytik (47)
- 6.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (47)
- 1.5 Proteinanalytik (42)
- 3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher (40)
- 5.2 Metallische Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe (39)
- 7.4 Baustofftechnologie (38)
- 1.8 Umweltanalytik (37)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (37)
- 8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik (36)
- 1.9 Chemische und optische Sensorik (31)
- 9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik (27)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (26)
- 9.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (26)
- 5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse (25)
- 5.5 Materialmodellierung (24)
- 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung (23)
- 8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren (23)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (22)
- S Qualitätsinfrastruktur (21)
- 2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit (20)
- VP Vizepräsident (20)
- VP.1 eScience (20)
- 7.2 Ingenieurbau (19)
- 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern (18)
- 7.6 Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz (18)
- 9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten (18)
- 1.3 Instrumentelle Analytik (17)
- 5.6 Glas (17)
- 3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien (16)
- 7.1 Baustoffe (16)
- 5.3 Polymere Verbundwerkstoffe (15)
- 1.6 Anorganische Referenzmaterialien (14)
- 5.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (14)
- 1.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (13)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (13)
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (12)
- 9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz (12)
- S.2 Digitalisierung der Qualitätsinfrastruktur (12)
- P Präsident (10)
- P.0 Präsident und andere (10)
- 6.7 Materialsynthese und Design (8)
- 7.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (8)
- 7.7 Modellierung und Simulation (8)
- 3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern (7)
- 3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern (7)
- 6.4 Materialinformatik (7)
- 7.3 Brandingenieurwesen (7)
- S.3 Ökodesign und Energieverbrauchskennzeichnung (6)
- 3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien (5)
- 3.2 Gefahrguttanks und Unfallmechanik (4)
- S.1 Qualität im Prüfwesen (4)
- 4.6 Molekulare und angewandte Entomologie (3)
- 3.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (2)
- 2.2 Prozesssimulation (1)
- 2.5 Konformitätsbewertung Explosivstoffe/Pyrotechnik (1)
- 8.3 Thermografische Verfahren (1)
- PST Präsidiale Stabsstelle (1)
Paper des Monats
- ja (64)
The ionic liquid 1,3-dimethyl-imidazolium-dimethylphosphate ([MMIM]+[DMP]−) was analyzed using (hard) x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Here, XPS and HAXPES spectra are shown in comparison. For the acquisition of the XPS spectra, monochromatic Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV was used, while for the acquisition of the HAXPES spectra, monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV was applied. Here, survey scans and high-resolution spectra of P 2p, P 2s, C 1s, O 1s, and N 1s for both methods and P 1s, P KL2,3L2,3, and P KL1L2,3 for HAXPES are shown.
Large-language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 caught the interest of many scientists. Recent studies suggested that these models could be useful in chemistry and materials science. To explore these possibilities, we organized a hackathon. This article chronicles the projects built as part of this hackathon. Participants employed LLMs for various applications, including predicting properties of molecules and materials, designing novel interfaces for tools, extracting knowledge from unstructured data, and developing new educational applications. The diverse topics and the fact that working prototypes could be generated in less than two days highlight that LLMs will profoundly impact the future of our fields. The rich collection of ideas and projects also indicates that the applications of LLMs are not limited to materials science and chemistry but offer potential benefits to a wide range of scientific disciplines.
The influence of starting materials and synthesis route on the properties and the structure of cementitious sodium aluminosilicate gels is not fully understood, partly due their amorphous nature and the fact that they often contain residual reactants, which can make the results of single-pulse NMR spectroscopy applied to these materials difficult to interpret or ambiguous. To overcome some of these limitations, 29Si{27Al} TRAPDOR NMR as well as 27Al{29Si} and 27Al{1H} REDOR NMR spectroscopy were applied to materials synthesized by the one-part alkali-activation route from three different amorphous silica starting materials, including rice husk ash. The latter led to formation of a fully amorphous sodium aluminosilicate gel (geopolymer), while the materials produced from the other silicas contained amorphous phase and crystalline zeolites. Application of the double-resonance NMR methods allowed to identify hydrous alumina gel domains in the rice husk ash-based material as well as significantly differing amounts of residual silica in the three cured materials. Four-coordinated Al existed not only in the aluminosilicate gel framework but also in a water-rich chemical environment with only a small amount of Si in proximity, likely in the alumina gel or possibly present as extra-framework Al in the aluminosilicate gel. The results demonstrate how the employment of different silica starting materials determines the phase assemblage of one-part alkali-activated materials, which in turn influences their engineering properties such as the resistance against chemically/biologically aggressive media.
AbstractThis work addresses the critical need for multifunctional materials and substrate‐independent high‐precision surface modification techniques that are essential for advancing microdevices and sensing elements. To overcome existing limitations, the versatility of mussel‐inspired materials (MIMs) is combined with state‐of‐the‐art multiphoton direct laser writing (DLW) microfabrication. In this way, 2D and 3D MIM microstructures of complex designs are demonstrated with sub‐micron to micron resolution and extensive post‐functionalization capabilities. This study includes polydopamine (PDA), mussel‐inspired linear, and dendritic polyglycerols (MI‐lPG and MI‐dPG), allowing their direct microstructure on the substrate of choice with the option to tailor the patterned topography and morphology in a controllable manner. The functionality potential of MIMs is demonstrated by successfully immobilizing and detecting single‐stranded DNA on MIM micropattern and nanoarray surfaces. In addition, easy modification of MIM microstructure with silver nanoparticles without the need of any reducing agent is shown. The methodology developed here enables the integration of MIMs in advanced applications where precise surface functionalization is essential.
The Alpine Fault zone in New Zealand marks a major transpressional plate boundary that is late in its typical earthquake cycle. Understanding the subsurface structures is crucial to understand the tectonic processes taking place. A unique seismic survey including 2D lines, a 3D array, and borehole recordings, has been performed in the Whataroa Valley and provides new insights into the Alpine Fault zone down to ∼2 km depth at the location of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP)-2 drill site. Seismic images are obtained by focusing prestack depth migration approaches. Despite the challenging conditions for seismic imaging within a sediment filled glacial valley and steeply dipping valley flanks, several structures related to the valley itself as well as the tectonic fault system are imaged. A set of several reflectors dipping 40°–56° to the southeast are identified in a ∼600 m wide zone that is interpreted to be the minimum extent of the damage zone. Different approaches image one distinct reflector dipping at ∼40°, which is interpreted to be the main Alpine Fault reflector located only ∼100 m beneath the maximum drilled depth of the DFDP-2B borehole. At shallower depths (z < 0.5 km), additional reflectors are identified as fault segments with generally steeper dips up to 56°. Additionally, a glacially over-deepened trough with nearly horizontally layered sediments and a major fault (z < 0.5 km) are identified 0.5–1 km south of the DFDP-2B borehole. Thus, a complex structural environment is seismically imaged and shows the complexity of the Alpine Fault at Whataroa.
Layer-by-layer additive manufacturing (AM) by means of laser-powder bed Fusion (L-PBF) offers many prospects regarding the design of lattice structures used, for example, in gas turbines. However, defects such as bulk porosity, Surface roughness, and re-entrant features are exacerbated in nonvertical structures, such as tilted struts. The characterization and quantification of these kinds of
defects are essential for the correct estimation of fracture and fatigue properties.
Herein, cylindrical struts fabricated by L-PBF are investigated by means of X-ray computed tomography (XCT), with the aim of casting light on the dependence of the three kinds of defects (bulk porosity, surface roughness, and re-entrant features) on the build angle. Innovative analysis methods are proposed to correlate shape and position of pores, to determine the angular-resolved Surface roughness, and to quantify the amount of re-entrant surface features, q. A meshing of the XCT surface enables the correlation of q with the classical Surface roughness Pa. This analysis leads to the conclusion that there is a linear correlation between q and Pa. However, it is conjectured that there must be a threshold of surface roughness, below which no re-entrant features can be build.
The initial focus of this research was on the development of a general workflow for the documentation and monitoring of historical stained glass windows using structured light scanning. Therefore windows from different churches, time periods and with different corrosion and damage phenomena were scanned before and after conservation measures. To evaluate the execution of the restoration measures the data was compared using 3D inspection software to examine the differences in geometry between the two scans. Various problems had to be solved, for example, how to deal with heavily reflective surfaces and the extreme contrast between light and dark surfaces, as seen in the borders between ‘Schwarzlot’ painting and plain glass. The application of materials for matting the surfaces, such as Cyclododecane spray, was impossible due to the high accuracy of the surface measurement required for 3D inspection. Regarding the contrast differences of the surfaces, the creation of exposure fusions and the use of polarization filters to reduce reflections were tested. In addition to the general problems encountered when recording translucent surfaces, the historical glasses caused additional problems in calculating surface comparisons. For example, the windows have to be moved and turned around several times, both during the conservation process and while scanning, causing deformations of the geometry due to the flexible lead rods allowing a certain degree of movement.
We demonstrate (and are the first to do so) 63 km Brillouin Optical Frequency-Domain Analysis (BOFDA) for temperature and strain monitoring using a 100 km fiber loop. The use of BOFDA for long-range applications can be considered a novel approach, as previous investigations focused on the utilization of Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry and Analysis (BOTDR and BOTDA, respectively). At 51.7 km, a 100 m hotspot (37 °C) was detected without using distributed Raman amplification or image processing.
The co-crystallisation of [NiEn3](NO3)2 (En = ethylenediamine) with Na2MoO4 and Na2WO4 from a water solution results in the formation of [NiEn3](MoO4)0.5(WO4)0.5 co-crystals. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis of eight single crystals, the parameters of the hexagonal unit cell (space group P–31c, Z = 2) vary in the following intervals: a = 9.2332(3)–9.2566(6); c = 9.9512(12)–9.9753(7) Å with the Mo/W ratio changing from 0.513(3)/0.487(3) to 0.078(4)/0.895(9). The thermal decomposition of [NiEn3](MoO4)0.5(WO4)0.5 individual crystals obtained by co-crystallisation was performed in He and H2 atmospheres. The ex situ X-ray study of thermal decomposition products shows the formation of nanocrystalline refractory alloys and carbide composites containing ternary Ni–Mo–W phases. The formation of carbon–nitride phases at certain stages of heating up to 1000 °C were shown.