Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
Schlagworte
- Laser beam welding (25)
- Additive manufacturing (23)
- Welding (14)
- Microstructure (11)
- Additive Manufacturing (10)
- Hydrogen (10)
- Mechanical properties (10)
- Laser powder bed fusion (9)
- Residual stress (9)
- Residual stresses (9)
- Solidification cracking (8)
- Friction (7)
- Tribology (7)
- Ultrasonic-assisted milling (7)
- Wear (7)
- Creep-resistant steel (6)
- Laser metal deposition (6)
- Process monitoring (6)
- Thermography (6)
- Fatigue (5)
- Resistance spot welding (5)
- Surface integrity (5)
- TIG welding (5)
- AFM (4)
- AISI 316L (4)
- Diffusible hydrogen (4)
- Hardness (4)
- Heat accumulation (4)
- High-strength steel (4)
- Hybrid laser arc welding (4)
- Hybrid laser-arc welding (4)
- L-PBF (4)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (4)
- Neutron diffraction (4)
- Numerical modeling (4)
- Selective laser melting (SLM) (4)
- Stress relief cracking (4)
- Thick-walled steel (4)
- AGIL (3)
- Alloy 36 (3)
- Artificial neural network (3)
- Atomic force microscopy (3)
- DED (3)
- Deep penetration (3)
- Fatigue crack propagation threshold (3)
- Fatigue tests (3)
- Heat treatment (3)
- High entropy alloy (3)
- Hydrogen embrittlement (3)
- In situ measurement (3)
- In situ monitoring (3)
- Inconel 718 (3)
- Infrared thermography (3)
- LIBS (3)
- Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) (3)
- Mechanical Engineering (3)
- Numerical modelling (3)
- Polymers (3)
- Post weld heat treatment (3)
- Quality assurance (3)
- Steel (3)
- Submerged arc welding (3)
- Ti-6Al-4V (3)
- Tubular X-joints (3)
- Varestraint test (3)
- Weld pool shape (3)
- 316L (2)
- AISI 304L (2)
- Additive manufacturing (AM) (2)
- Alloy modification (2)
- Austenite-to-martensite transformation (2)
- Bragg-edge imaging (2)
- Bulge effect (2)
- Chemical composition (2)
- Computed Tomography (2)
- Computed tomography (2)
- Contact resonance (2)
- Crack (2)
- Cracking (2)
- Critical strain (2)
- Crystallographic texture (2)
- Cyclic R-curve (2)
- Data preparation (2)
- Debye–Waller factor (2)
- Deuterium (2)
- Diffusion (2)
- Directed Energy Deposition (2)
- Distortion (2)
- EBSD (2)
- Electron backscattered diffraction (2)
- Finite element simulation (2)
- Force-distance curves (2)
- Fracture (2)
- Full penetration (2)
- GMA welding (2)
- Gap bridgeability (2)
- Gas metal arc welding (2)
- Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) (2)
- Grain refinement (2)
- Hardmetal (2)
- Heat control (2)
- High strength steels (2)
- High-entropy alloy (2)
- High-power laser beam welding (2)
- High-strength structural steel (2)
- Hot cracking (2)
- Hot stamping (2)
- Hydrogen Embrittlement (2)
- Hydrogen assisted cracking (2)
- Hydrogen-assisted cracking (2)
- Implant test (2)
- Inter layer time (2)
- LPBF (2)
- Laser beam melting (LBM) (2)
- Laser energy distribution (2)
- Laser hybrid welding (2)
- Laser-metal-deposition (2)
- Liquid metal embrittlement (2)
- Low transformation temperature (LTT) steel (2)
- Lubricants (2)
- Machining (2)
- Mechanics of Materials (2)
- Medium entropy alloy (2)
- Metals and Alloys (2)
- Microstructure characterization (2)
- Neutron imaging (2)
- Neutron radiography (2)
- Niobium carbide (2)
- Niobium carbide (NbC) (2)
- Numerical process simulation (2)
- Numerical simulation (2)
- Offshore (2)
- Optical flow (2)
- Pipeline steel (2)
- Plasma-transferred arc welding (2)
- Porosity (2)
- Post-weld heat treatment (2)
- Preheating (2)
- Ray tracing (2)
- Refill friction stir spot welding (2)
- Representative specimens (2)
- Residual Stress (2)
- Residual stress analysis (2)
- SSRT (2)
- Selective Laser Melting (2)
- Selective Laser Melting (SLM) (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Single pass welding (2)
- Software (2)
- Surface modification (2)
- Technical crack detection (2)
- Tensile properties (2)
- Texture (2)
- Thermal history (2)
- ToF-SIMS (2)
- Tool wear (2)
- Tribologie (2)
- WAAM (2)
- Weld pool dynamics (2)
- Wire arc additive manufacturing (2)
- X-ray diffraction (2)
- i-TRIBOMAT (2)
- 100Cr6 (AISI 52100) steel (1)
- 2101 duplex stainless steel (1)
- 3D Scanning (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- 9% Ni Steel (1)
- 9%Ni steel (1)
- AC magnetic field (1)
- AHSS (1)
- AM feature integration (1)
- ASTM E647 (1)
- Abdichtbauwerk (1)
- Accoustic emission (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (AM) (1)
- Additives (1)
- Advanced high strength steels (1)
- Advanced high-strength steel (1)
- Aging (1)
- AlMg0.7SiTiB filler wire (1)
- AlSi10Mg (1)
- AlSi10Mg alloy (1)
- Alite (1)
- Alkyd resin-based coating (1)
- Aluminum alloys (1)
- Aluminum bronze (1)
- Analytical calculation (1)
- Applications (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Artificial intelligence (1)
- As-built LPBF IN718 alloy (1)
- Atomic force microscope (1)
- Austenitic stainless steels (1)
- Automated arc welding (1)
- Automated manufacturing (1)
- Automotive (1)
- Backlight (1)
- Bainitischer Schmiedestahl (1)
- Bauteilauslegung (1)
- Bayesian technique (1)
- Bead-on-plate welds (1)
- Beam oscillation (1)
- Bending test (1)
- Betriebsfestigkeit (1)
- Binders (1)
- Bismuth titanates (1)
- Bohrlochsonde (1)
- Bruchmechanik (1)
- Bulge formation (1)
- Bulging (1)
- Bulging effects (1)
- CFD model (1)
- Cantilever microprobe (1)
- Carbide (1)
- Carbon (1)
- Carbon dioxide footprint (1)
- Carbon steel (1)
- Catalysis (1)
- Cellular substructure (1)
- Cermet (1)
- Characterisation (1)
- Characterization (1)
- Characterization of corrosion layers (1)
- Charakterisierung (1)
- Charpy impact toughness (1)
- Chunky graphite (1)
- Cimensional Accuracy (1)
- Circumferential weld (1)
- Clinker substitute (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Co-Cr-alloy (1)
- Cobalt-chromium alloy (1)
- Cold cracking (1)
- Cold cracking safety (1)
- Columnar crystal growth (1)
- Component test (1)
- Component-like test (1)
- Composites (1)
- Computed tomography (CT) (1)
- Computer vision (1)
- Condensed Matter Physics (1)
- Condition monitoring (1)
- Convolutional neural network (1)
- Convolutional neural networks (CNN) (1)
- Core-shell structures (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Crack closure effect (1)
- Crack-tip constraint (1)
- Creep (1)
- Creep behavior (1)
- Creep-resisting materials (1)
- Critical strain rate (1)
- Cryogenic steel (1)
- Cryogenic temperature (1)
- Crystal branch development (1)
- Crystal plasticity (1)
- Cutting forces (1)
- Cutting tool (1)
- Cyclic loading (1)
- Cylindrical turning (1)
- DED-EB (1)
- DED-arc (1)
- Damage prediction (1)
- Damage tolerance (1)
- Data evaluation methods (1)
- Data fusion (1)
- Data-driven quality assurance (1)
- Debye-Waller-Faktor (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Deep penetration laser beam welding (1)
- Defect detection (1)
- Defects (1)
- Dental materials (1)
- Dichtungen (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Diffraction-elastic constants (1)
- Diffusion/diffusivity (1)
- Digital Image Correlation (1)
- Digital image correlation (1)
- Digitalisation (1)
- Digitalization (1)
- Direct laser deposition (1)
- Directed energy deposition (1)
- Dislocation density (1)
- Dispersive XAS (1)
- Displacement (1)
- Dissimilar joints (1)
- Dissimilar materials (1)
- Dissimilar metal weld (1)
- Distortion upon baseplate removal (1)
- Ditigtal image correlation (1)
- Dual phase steel (1)
- Duplex AISI 2205 (1)
- Duplex stainless steel (1)
- Duplex stainless steels (1)
- Duplex steels (1)
- Dwell-time (1)
- EBAM (1)
- Edge quality (1)
- Effect of scanning strategies (1)
- Elastic modulus (1)
- Elastomers (1)
- Electrochemical permeation (1)
- Electromagnetic backing (1)
- Electromagnetic field (1)
- Electromagnetic forces (1)
- Electromagnetic stirring (1)
- Electromagnetic weld pool support (1)
- Electromagnetic weld pool support system (1)
- Electron backscatter diffraction (1)
- Electron beam welding (1)
- Electron microscopy (1)
- Element transport (1)
- Embedded electronics (1)
- Emisssivity (1)
- End crater (1)
- Endurance limit (1)
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology (1)
- Environmental conditions (1)
- Environmental impact categories (1)
- Error sources analysis (1)
- Evaporation (1)
- Experimental determination (1)
- Experimental procedure (1)
- FAIR data (1)
- FAT class (1)
- FEM (1)
- Fatigue Strength (1)
- Fatigue damage (1)
- Fatigue life (1)
- Fatigue limit (1)
- Fatigue properties (1)
- Femtosecond laser (1)
- Femtosecond laser processing (1)
- Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron (1)
- Ferroelectricity/ferroelectric materials (1)
- Filler material distribution (1)
- Filler wire (1)
- Filler wire mixing (1)
- Finish milling (1)
- Finite Element Method (1)
- Finite element (FE) (1)
- Finite element analysis (1)
- Finite element method (1)
- Finite element method (FEM) (1)
- Flange width (1)
- Flaw detection (1)
- Flüssigmetallinduzierte Rissbildung (1)
- Formation (1)
- Fractography (1)
- Fracture Mechanics (1)
- Frequency domain (1)
- Frequenzanalyse (1)
- Friction stir welding (1)
- Fuel Technology (1)
- Fusion zone size (1)
- Galvanized steel (1)
- General analytical solutions (1)
- Geteilte Infrastruktur (1)
- Green Deal (1)
- HAZ-softening (1)
- HCF (1)
- HSLA steel (1)
- Hard metals (1)
- Hardly separable problem (1)
- Harmonisation (1)
- Hastelloy X (1)
- Heat Treatment (1)
- Heat source models (1)
- Heat-affected zone (1)
- High power laser beam welding (1)
- High process speeds (1)
- High strength steel (1)
- High-entropy alloys (1)
- High-pressure hydrogen environment (1)
- High-strength filler metals (1)
- High-strength steel filler metal (1)
- High-strength steels (1)
- Hochfester Stahl (1)
- Hollow Specimen Technique (1)
- Hollow specimen (1)
- Hollow specimen technique (1)
- Hot Cracks (1)
- Hot cracking test (1)
- Hot tensile test (1)
- Hot working tool steel (1)
- Hybrid Laser arc Welding (1)
- Hybrid repair (1)
- Hydraulic reactivity (1)
- Hydrogen Transfer Film (1)
- Hydrogen diffusion (1)
- Hydrogen measurement (1)
- IBESS (1)
- IBESS Approach (1)
- IN 718 (1)
- IN725 (1)
- ISO 12108 (1)
- Image processing (1)
- Image registration (1)
- Impact Absorbed Energy (1)
- Implants (1)
- In situ (1)
- In-situ process monitoring (1)
- In-situ tensile test (1)
- Inconel 625 (1)
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (1)
- Instumented indentation test (1)
- Integrated alignment features (1)
- Intelligent tribological material characterization (1)
- Intelligente tribologische Werkstoffcharakterisierung (1)
- Inter-layer time (1)
- Interoperability (1)
- Iron aluminide (1)
- Joining dissimilar materials (1)
- Joining technology (1)
- Kernel average misorientation (1)
- Keyhole collapse (1)
- Keyhole dynamics (1)
- Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram (1)
- L-PBF IN718 material (1)
- LCF (1)
- LIBS TIG welding (1)
- LMD (1)
- LTT Weld Filler Materials (1)
- LTT filler metal (1)
- LTT weld filler materials (1)
- Lab-to-field up-scaling (1)
- Lab-to-field upscaling (1)
- Lack-of-fusion (1)
- Lamé curves (1)
- Large-scale test (1)
- Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M, L-PBF) (1)
- Laser Welding (1)
- Laser beam melting (1)
- Laser cutting (1)
- Laser energy absorption (1)
- Laser implantation (1)
- Laser metal deposition (LMD) (1)
- Laser powder-based directed energy deposition (1)
- Laser welding (1)
- Laser-based additive manufacturing (1)
- Laser-induced oxide layer (1)
- Laser-induced periodic surface strctures (LIPSS) (1)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (1)
- Laser-plasma hybrid (1)
- Lead-free ceramics (1)
- Life cycle assessment (1)
- Lifetime (1)
- Liquid Metal Embrittlement (1)
- Liquid phase sintering (1)
- Local Weld Geometry (1)
- Local critical strain (1)
- Local fatigue approaches (1)
- Local fatigue spproaches (1)
- Localized laser dispersing (1)
- Lorentz force (1)
- Lorentz forces (1)
- Low-cycle fatigue (1)
- L‐PBF (1)
- MVT (1)
- MWIR (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Machine vision (1)
- Magnesium Alloy (1)
- Magnesium alloy (1)
- Magnetic bath support (1)
- Magnetic field (1)
- Martensite (1)
- Matching ferritic filler metal (1)
- Materials database (1)
- Mechanical anisotropy (1)
- Mechanical mismatching (1)
- Mechanical property (1)
- Melt pool depth (1)
- Melt pool dynamics (1)
- Metal (1)
- Metal mixing (1)
- Microalloying influences (1)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (1)
- Microcracking (1)
- Microfocus X-ray computer tomography (μCT) (1)
- Mild steels (1)
- Minimum Waiting Time (1)
- Mining head gear (1)
- Misalignment of edges (1)
- Model calibration (1)
- Model order reduction (1)
- Modellierung (1)
- Modelling studies (1)
- Modification of structural morphology (1)
- Molten pool (1)
- Multi-materials joining (1)
- Multi-physical modelling (1)
- Multi-principal element alloy (1)
- Multi-principal element alloys (1)
- Multiple principal element alloy (1)
- Multiple reflections (1)
- NIR (1)
- Nanotribology (1)
- Nanowear (1)
- Natural silver wires (1)
- Near-surface X-ray diffraction (1)
- Neutron Diffraction (1)
- Neutron and X-ray diffraction (1)
- Ni alloy (1)
- Ni-based austenitic filler metal (1)
- Nickel (1)
- Notch stress approach (1)
- Novel metrology (1)
- Numerical Simulation (1)
- Numerical investigation (1)
- Numerical welding simulations (1)
- Offshore steel grade (1)
- Online Process Monitoring (1)
- Online monitoring (1)
- Open science (1)
- Open source (1)
- Optical Tomography (1)
- Optical tomography (1)
- Oscillating ball-on-disc test (1)
- Oscillating magnetic field (1)
- Oscillating vapor plume (1)
- Oxidation (1)
- PBF-LB/M (1)
- PBF-LB/M/316L (1)
- Parabolic flight (1)
- Partial penetration (1)
- Particle transfer (1)
- Path planning (1)
- Peak stress method (1)
- Peak stress method (PSM) (1)
- Penetration depth (1)
- Periodic solidification pattern (1)
- Piezoresistive (1)
- Piezoresistive cantilever (1)
- Pipe weld preparation (1)
- Plasma cutting (1)
- Plasma-cut samples (1)
- Plasma-transferred-arc (1)
- Plastic deformation (1)
- Polymer (1)
- Polymere (1)
- Polyurethan (1)
- Position detection (1)
- Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) (1)
- Potential drop technique (1)
- Potentiodynamic measurements (1)
- Ppreheating temperature (1)
- Precipitation hardening aluminum alloys (1)
- Pressure-dependent solubility (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Probabilistic assessment (1)
- Process chain (1)
- Process simulation (1)
- Projekt AGIL - Alterung additiv gefertigter metallischer Materialien und Komponenten (1)
- Proper generalized decomposition (1)
- Properties (1)
- Prostheses (1)
- Pulsed laser beam welding (1)
- Quality monitoring (1)
- Ray teacing (1)
- Ray-tracing methods (1)
- Reactor conditions (1)
- Reference data (1)
- Reference standards (1)
- Refraction (1)
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment (1)
- Repair welding (1)
- Repair-welding (1)
- Research data management (1)
- Residual Stresses (1)
- Residual stress in AM (1)
- Residual stress state (1)
- Ripples (1)
- Rissbildung in Stahl (1)
- Roughness (1)
- S-N curve (1)
- S-Phase (1)
- SEM (1)
- SIMS (1)
- SLM printed plasma torch (1)
- SWIR (1)
- SWIR thermography (1)
- Sample random results (1)
- Scan strategy influence (1)
- Scanning kelvin probe force microscopy (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Schallemission (1)
- Seam geometry (1)
- Selective laser beam melting (1)
- Selektive-laser-melting (1)
- Shared infrastruture (1)
- Shear modulus (1)
- Ship building (1)
- Shipbuilding steel (1)
- Sicherheit (1)
- Single asperity (1)
- Single asperity contact (1)
- Single-pass welding (1)
- Sliding wear (1)
- Small-scale specimens (1)
- Solidification (1)
- Solubility (1)
- Spark plasma sintering (1)
- Stainless Steel (1)
- Stainless steel (1)
- Stainless steels (1)
- Staircase method (1)
- Statistical analysis (1)
- Steel and aluminium (1)
- Steelmaking slag (1)
- Stochastic sample functions (1)
- Strain fields prediction (1)
- Strain measurement (1)
- Strain-free lattice references (1)
- Strain-free lattice spacing (1)
- Stress Relief Cracking (SRC) (1)
- Stress balance (1)
- Stress balance condition (1)
- Structural stress approach (1)
- Structure analysis (1)
- Sub-oxide (1)
- Supermartensitic steel (1)
- Surface Integrity (1)
- Surface preparation (1)
- Surface processing (1)
- Surface structures (1)
- Synchrotron radiation (1)
- TEKKEN (1)
- Temperature (1)
- Temperature dependence (1)
- Tensile Strength (1)
- Tensile loading (1)
- Tensile resistance spot welding experiment (1)
- Tensile strength (1)
- Tensile testing (1)
- Thermal analysis (1)
- Thermal cycles (1)
- Thermodynamic modelling (1)
- Thermodynamic simulation (1)
- Thick materials (1)
- Thick plate welding (1)
- Thick-plate welding (1)
- Thick-walled (1)
- Titanium (1)
- Trapping (1)
- Tribo-Analytik (1)
- Tribo-analytics (1)
- Tungsten carbide (WC) (1)
- Two-dimensional solidification (1)
- Two-run welding technique (1)
- UV-blocker addition (1)
- Ultraschall-Echoverfahren (1)
- Ultraschall-Messtechnik (1)
- Ultrasonic Assisted Machining (1)
- Ultrasonic machining (1)
- Upscaling (1)
- V-notch impact toughness (1)
- Vaporization (1)
- Varestraint testing (1)
- Verschlussbauwerk (1)
- WRC 1992 diagram (1)
- Wear particles (1)
- Weathering tests (1)
- Weld metal cracking (1)
- Weld pool (1)
- Weldability (1)
- Welded Joints (1)
- Welded joint (1)
- Welded joints (1)
- Welding Simulation (1)
- Welding simulation (1)
- Welding thermal cycle (1)
- Weldx (1)
- Werkstoffdatenbank (1)
- White light interferometry (1)
- Widerstandspunktschweißen (1)
- Wind energy (1)
- Wire electron beam additive manufacturing (1)
- Wire feed laser beam welding (1)
- Wire-based additive manufacturing (1)
- X-ray Diffraction (1)
- X-ray and Neutron Diffraction (1)
- X-ray and neutron diffraction (1)
- X-ray computed tomography (XCT) (1)
- X-ray refraction (1)
- Young's modulus (1)
- Zero wear (1)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (1)
- Zink (1)
- contact resonance (1)
- infrared Thermography (1)
- µ-gravity (1)
- µCT (1)
- µCT-analysis (1)
- μCT-analysis (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (215) (entfernen)
Paper des Monats
- ja (9)
High-strength steels offer potential for weight optimization due to reduced wall thicknesses in modern constructions. Additive manufacturing processes such as Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) enable the resource-efficient production of structures. In the case of defects occurring in weld seams orWAAM components due to unstable process conditions, the economical solution is local gouging or machining and repair welding. It is important to understand the effects of machining steps on the multiaxial stress state in conjunction with the design-related shrinkage restraints. Research into how welding and slot milling of welds andWAAM structures affects residual stresses is still lacking. For this reason, component-related investigations with high-strength steels with yield strengths ≥790 MPa are carried out in our research. In-situ digital image correlation (DIC) and ex-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the stresses and strains induced on specimens during and after milling. The systematic analyses revealed a significant interaction of the stiffness and microstructure of the specimens with the initial residual stresses induced by welding. Subsequent repair welds can result in significantly higher residual stresses.
AbstractPowder Bed Fusion with Laser Beam of Metals (PBF-LB/M) has gained more industrial relevance and already demonstrated applications at a small series scale. However, its widespread adoption in various use cases faces challenges due to the absence of interfaces to established Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) that support customers in the predominantly data-driven quality assurance. Current state-of-the-art PBF-LB/M machines utilize communication architectures, such as OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST API). In the context of the Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) and the Internet of Things (IoT), the assets, particularly the physical PBF-LB/M machines, already have an integration layer implemented to communicate data such as process states or sensor values. Missing is an MES component acting as a communication and information layer. To address this gap, the proposed Extract Transform Load (ETL) pipeline aims to extract relevant data from the fabrication of each build cycle down to the level of scan vectors and additionally to register process signals. The suggested data schema for archiving each build cycle adheres to all terms defined by ISO/TC 261—Additive Manufacturing (AM). In relation to the measurement frequency, all data are reorganized into entities, such as the AM machine, build cycle, part, layer, and scan vector. These scan vectors are stored in a runtime-independent format, including all metadata, to be valid and traceable. The resulting machine log represents a comprehensive documentation of each build cycle, enabling data-driven quality assurance at process level.
Additively manufactured components are characterized by heterogeneous mechanical properties due to variations of the microstructure, flaws and residual stresses resulting from the inhomogeneous fabrication process. The large number of influencing factors poses a further challenge in understanding the correlation between material properties, process parameters and component geometry. Therefore, the qualification of components based on witness specimens produced within the same job is questionable. This work aims to present a new strategy for the characterization of PBF-LB/M components based on representative specimens. The key assumption is the feasibility of a transfer of the thermal history from a component to a specimen. It is assumed that similar material properties are determined for components and specimens produced adopting a similar thermal history. After the definition of a region of interest in the component, a combination of thermal analyses by means of finite elements and in-situ experimental determination of the thermal history through infrared thermography is used to produce test coupons with a similar thermal history. The effectiveness of the procedure is demonstrated on a pressure vessel for applications in the chemical industry.
The transition toward a hydrogen-based economy requires a widespread transport and distribution network, and repurposed natural gas pipelines are a viable option. An assessment of the hydrogen-induced degradation of pipeline steels is needed to inject H2 gas into the existing infrastructure safely. The conservative and standardized method consists of in-situ tensile tests in an autoclave filled with high-pressure hydrogen gas. A proposed alternative method involves
using a hollow specimen as containment volume and applying the gas pressure in the inner cavity.
This technique has lower costs and shorter test preparation time but is not standardized yet. This study aims to evaluate and compare the tensile properties of API 5L X65 pipeline steel in two states: vintage and modern. The influence of the surface roughness is investigated through parallel tests with drilled and reamed specimens. Hydrogen tests are compared with reference tests in an inert environment. A significant hydrogen-induced decrease in tensile properties is observed, and no significant difference between vintage and modern X65 can be drawn. The reduction in tensile properties is more significant in specimens with higher inner surface roughness. The evaluation of surface conditions appears crucial when assessing the HE susceptibility of hydrogen transport and storage equipment.
This study investigates the room‐ and high‐temperature (650 °C) tensile and low‐cycle‐fatigue behavior of Inconel 718 produced by laser powder bed fusion (PBF‐LB/M) with a four‐step heat treatment and compares the results to the conventional wrought material. The microstructure after heat treatment is characterized on different length scales. Compared to the wrought variant, the elastic and yield properties are comparable at both test temperatures while tensile strength, ductility, and strain hardening capacity are lower. The fatigue life of the PBF‐LB/M variant at room temperature is slightly lower than that of the wrought material, while at 650 °C, it is vice versa. The cyclic stress response for both material variants is characterized by cyclic softening, which is more pronounced at the higher test temperature. High strain amplitudes (≥0.7%) at room temperature and especially a high testing temperature result in the formation of multiple secondary cracks at the transitions of regions comprising predominantly elongated grain morphology and columns of stacked grains with ripple patterns in the PBF‐LB/M material. This observation and pronounced crack branching and deflection indicate that the cracks are controlled by sharp micromechanical gradients and local crystallite clusters.