Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (356)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (1)
- Sonstiges (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (348)
- Deutsch (9)
- Mehrsprachig (1)
Schlagworte
- Fluorescence (53)
- Quantum yield (35)
- Sensor (25)
- Lifetime (21)
- Quality assurance (20)
- Dye (18)
- Photophysics (18)
- Nano (16)
- Synthesis (13)
- Cancer (12)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (12)
- NIR (12)
- Photoluminescence (12)
- Imaging (11)
- Immunoassay (11)
- Lanthanide (10)
- Method (10)
- Nanomaterial (10)
- Nanoparticle (10)
- Particle (9)
- Electrochemistry (8)
- ICP-MS (8)
- Mass spectrometry (8)
- Mechanism (8)
- Molecularly imprinted polymers (8)
- Nanoparticles (8)
- Quantum dots (8)
- Reference material (8)
- ELISA (7)
- Energy transfer (7)
- Raman spectroscopy (7)
- Soil (7)
- Affinity chromatography (6)
- Contrast agent (6)
- Gadolinium (6)
- Luminescence (6)
- MRI (6)
- Mass Spectrometry (6)
- Multiplexing (6)
- Mycotoxins (6)
- Optical probe (6)
- PH (6)
- Surface chemistry (6)
- Traceability (6)
- Upconversion nanoparticle (6)
- Core-shell particles (5)
- Cr(III) (5)
- Flow cytometry (5)
- Laser ablation (5)
- Ligand (5)
- Microscopy (5)
- Raman microspectroscopy (5)
- Single particle (5)
- Aggregation (4)
- Analytical Chemistry (4)
- Antikörper (4)
- Brightness (4)
- Calibration (4)
- Cement (4)
- IgG (4)
- Industry 4.0 (4)
- Interlaboratory comparison (4)
- LA-ICP-MS (4)
- LC-MS/MS (4)
- LIBS (4)
- Lab-on-a-chip (4)
- Metabolomics (4)
- Nitrotyrosine (4)
- Polymer (4)
- Quantitative spectroscopy (4)
- Reproducibility (4)
- SWIR (4)
- Signal enhancement (4)
- XPS (4)
- XRF (4)
- Air pollution (3)
- Allergy (3)
- Antibiotics (3)
- BODIPY (3)
- Bead (3)
- Biosensing (3)
- Biosensor (3)
- Bisphenol A (3)
- Brain (3)
- Coating (3)
- Complex (3)
- Copper (3)
- Corrosion (3)
- Crystal (3)
- DNA origami (3)
- Ergot alkaloids (3)
- Excitation power density (3)
- Extracellular matrix (3)
- Food (3)
- Food analysis (3)
- Gadofosveset (3)
- Gas chromatography (3)
- General Medicine (3)
- HPLC (3)
- HRMS (3)
- High-resolution mass spectrometry (3)
- Human serum (3)
- Hydrolysis (3)
- Iron oxide (3)
- Isotope dilution (3)
- Isotope ratio (3)
- MOF (3)
- Mass Spectroscopy (3)
- Mechanochemistry (3)
- Metrology (3)
- Microfluidics (3)
- Molecular imaging (3)
- Molecular imprinting (3)
- Monoclonal antibody (3)
- Mycotoxin (3)
- NMR (3)
- Nitration (3)
- Optical spectroscopy (3)
- PFAS (3)
- Pollution (3)
- Probe (3)
- Process Industry (3)
- Protein A (3)
- Quantification (3)
- Raman (3)
- Reference materials (3)
- Screening (3)
- Sensitization (3)
- Spectroscopy (3)
- Switch (3)
- Teststreifen (3)
- Transformation products (3)
- Tyrosine (3)
- Uncertainty (3)
- Upconversion (3)
- AAS (2)
- Absolute isotope ratio (2)
- Adsorption (2)
- Affinitätschromatographie (2)
- Aggregation induced emission (2)
- Amorphous carbon (2)
- Amoxicillin (2)
- Amperometry (2)
- Antibody (2)
- Aromatic amino acid analysis (2)
- Atherosclerosis (2)
- Bacteria (2)
- Barcoding (2)
- Bead-based assay (2)
- Benz[a]anthracene (BaA) (2)
- Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (2)
- Biochemistry (2)
- Biocides (2)
- Bioconjugation (2)
- CONSENS (2)
- Certified reference material (2)
- Charge transfer (2)
- Chromatography (2)
- Comparability (2)
- Core−shell particles (2)
- Cuprorivaite (2)
- Cytotoxicity (2)
- Degradation (2)
- Delta scale (2)
- Derivatization (2)
- Diagnosis (2)
- Diagnostics (2)
- Digitalisation (2)
- Dimerization (2)
- Dityrosine (2)
- Documentation (2)
- Egyptian blue (2)
- Electron microscopy (2)
- Emission spectroscopy (2)
- Endocrine disruptor (2)
- Endokrine Disruptoren (2)
- Enhancement (2)
- Environmental Chemistry (2)
- FPLC (2)
- Fatty acid metabolism (2)
- Fertilizer (2)
- Ferumoxytol (2)
- Fluoride (2)
- Gas chromatography (GC) (2)
- General Earth and Planetary Sciences (2)
- Glyphosate (2)
- HPLC-MS/MS (2)
- HTS (2)
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis (2)
- Heart failure (2)
- Hybridoma (2)
- Hydrazinolysis (2)
- ICP-OES (2)
- Immunoaffinity extraction (2)
- Immunocapture (2)
- Immunoglobulins (2)
- Immunosensor (2)
- Indium phosphide (2)
- Indoor air (2)
- Inflammation (2)
- Iron (2)
- Isotope (2)
- Isotope dilution (ID) (2)
- Isotope ratios (2)
- LIF (2)
- Label (2)
- Lanthanides (2)
- Lateral flow assay (2)
- Life sciences (2)
- Limit of detection (2)
- Lipidomic profile (2)
- Liquid chromatography (LC) (2)
- Lithium (2)
- MALDI (2)
- MALDI-TOF MS (2)
- MC-ICP-MS (2)
- Magnetic beads (2)
- Mass spectrometry (MS) (2)
- Measurement uncertainty (2)
- Mercury (2)
- Mesoporous materials (2)
- Metabolic stress (2)
- Method development (2)
- Microbeads (2)
- Mikrofluidik (2)
- Mikroplastik (2)
- Modelling (2)
- Modular Production (2)
- Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (2)
- Monolithic column (2)
- Multiplex (2)
- Nanomaterials (2)
- Nickel (2)
- Nitrogen oxides (2)
- Nontarget analysis (2)
- Open Science (2)
- Optical detection (2)
- Origami (2)
- Oxygen (2)
- Ozone (2)
- Passivation (2)
- Peptide (2)
- Peptide library (2)
- Ph (2)
- Phenylalanine (2)
- Phosphorylated peptides (2)
- Photodegradation (2)
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) (2)
- Process Analytical Technology (2)
- Process analytical technology (2)
- Production (2)
- Prostate cancer (2)
- Protein (2)
- Protein G (2)
- Protein nitration (2)
- Quality Control (2)
- Quality control (2)
- Quantum dot (2)
- Real-time process monitoring (2)
- Regeneration (2)
- SPR (2)
- Sapphire (2)
- Self-assembly (2)
- Sensorpartikel (2)
- Sensors (2)
- Sequence coverage (2)
- Serum (2)
- Sewage sludge (2)
- Shell (2)
- Sialic acid (2)
- Single molecule (2)
- Smart sensors (2)
- Software (2)
- Solid state NMR (2)
- Sr isotopes (2)
- Standardization (2)
- Standards (2)
- Surface (2)
- Synthetic peptides (2)
- Sythesis (2)
- Test strips (2)
- Theory (2)
- Thermal anhydrite (2)
- Thermal desorption (2)
- Toxicity (2)
- Transformation product (2)
- Triple isotope fractionation (2)
- Triplet-triplet annihilation (2)
- Tumor (2)
- Tumor metabolism (2)
- Ultrafine particles (2)
- Upconversion nanoparticles (2)
- Validation (2)
- Wasser (2)
- Water analysis (2)
- Yb(III) complex (2)
- ZIF (2)
- ZIF-8 (2)
- 1-indanol (1)
- 150th anniversary (1)
- 150th anniversary of BAM (1)
- 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1)
- 280 nm (1)
- 2D chromatography (1)
- 3D-Mikrofluidik (1)
- 6xHis (1)
- AAA (1)
- AAAA (1)
- ABC (1)
- ABID (1)
- AF4 (1)
- AIE (1)
- AIS (1)
- ATCUN (1)
- Aautomatisation (1)
- Absorption (1)
- Abwasser (1)
- Acoustic (1)
- Acoustic resonance (1)
- Acrylamide (1)
- Acute myocardial infarction (1)
- Additive Fertigung (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Additive manufacturing (1)
- Adsorbable organically bound fluorine (AOF) (1)
- Adulteration (1)
- Advanced Materials (1)
- Advanced material (1)
- Advanced materials (1)
- Advanced nanomaterials (1)
- Affinity (1)
- Affinity Chromatography (1)
- Affinity Extraction (1)
- Affinity Separation (1)
- Affinity extraction (1)
- Affinitätsextraktion (1)
- AgInS (1)
- Agarose (1)
- Aggregates (1)
- Aggregation-induced emission (1)
- Aging (1)
- Agriculture (1)
- Air filter samples (1)
- Air particulate matter (1)
- Air sampling (1)
- Airport (1)
- AlCl (1)
- Alanine scan (1)
- Algorithms (1)
- Altenuene (1)
- Alternaria mycotoxins (1)
- Aluminum (1)
- Aluminum oxide (1)
- Alzheimer’s disease (1)
- Amino acid analysis (1)
- Amplification (1)
- Amyloid-beta (1)
- Analysis (1)
- Analytical methods (1)
- Analytical sciences (1)
- Aneurysm (1)
- Angiography (1)
- Angiotensin II (1)
- Anhydrite (1)
- Aniline (1)
- Animal slurry (1)
- Anion recognition (1)
- Antagonists (1)
- Anthropocene (1)
- Antibodies (1)
- Antibody Purification (1)
- Antibody antigen complex (1)
- Antibody coating (1)
- Antibody identification (1)
- Antibody quality (1)
- Antibody-gated indicator delivery (1)
- Antifouling surface (1)
- Antigens (1)
- Antimicrobial resistance (1)
- App (1)
- Application (1)
- Aptamere (1)
- Aqueous quantum dot (1)
- Aqueous synthesis (1)
- Arabidopsis (1)
- Argon (1)
- Array (1)
- Arsenite (1)
- Artificial Neural Networks (1)
- Artificial intelligence (1)
- Artificial neural networks (1)
- Artificial weathering (1)
- Ash content (1)
- Aspergillus (1)
- Assay (1)
- Atherosclerotic plaques (1)
- Atmospheric aerosol (1)
- Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (1)
- Atomic absorption spectrometry (1)
- Atomic and molecular physics, and optics (1)
- Atomic force microscopy (1)
- Atomic weight (1)
- Augenbohne (1)
- Autoantibodies (1)
- Automated Purification (1)
- Automated image analysis (1)
- Automation (1)
- Autophagy (1)
- Aviation (1)
- Aza-BODIPY (1)
- BAM (1)
- BCA test (1)
- BODIPY dyes (1)
- BODIPY probe (1)
- BODIPYs (1)
- BPA removal (1)
- Back-side integration (1)
- Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (1)
- Bacterial lysates (1)
- Ball milling (1)
- Bassanite (1)
- Bead injections (1)
- Benchmarking study (1)
- Benchtop NMR (1)
- Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (1)
- Benzin (1)
- Benzothiadiazole (1)
- Benzoxadiazole dyes (1)
- Beschichtung (1)
- Bet v 1 (1)
- Betula pendula (1)
- Binary gas mixture (1)
- Binder (1)
- Binding molecule (1)
- Binding strength (1)
- Bio-interaction (1)
- Bioanalysis (1)
- Biochip (1)
- Biodiesel (1)
- Biodiesel fuel (1)
- Biofilm (1)
- Bioimaging (1)
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Biokorrosion (1)
- Biology (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Biomimicry (1)
- Biosensoren (1)
- Biosensors (1)
- Bioseparation (1)
- Biosilicification (1)
- Biosynthesis (1)
- Biotechnology (1)
- Biotests (1)
- Birch pollen allergen (1)
- Bismuth (1)
- Boden (1)
- Boltzmann plot (1)
- Bombs (1)
- Boron compound (1)
- Borosilicate Glass (1)
- Borosilicatglas (1)
- Borosilikatglas (1)
- Bovine serum albumin (BSA) (1)
- Bradford (1)
- Building material (1)
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (1)
- Byproducts (1)
- C-C coupling (1)
- CCQM (1)
- CE/MC-ICP-MS (1)
- CEA (1)
- CO2 + n-alkanes (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CRM (1)
- CRP (1)
- CUINS2 nanocrystals (1)
- CaCl emission bands (1)
- Cadmium (1)
- Calcite (1)
- Calcium (1)
- Calcium carbonate (1)
- Calcium carbonates (1)
- Calibrated fluorescence measurements (1)
- Calibration-free analysis (1)
- Cancer awareness measure (1)
- Cancer cells (1)
- Cancer risk (1)
- Canine olfactometry (1)
- Carbamazepine (1)
- Cardiac troponin (1)
- Cardiolipins (1)
- Cardiovascular (1)
- Carrier (1)
- Carrier protein (1)
- Carrier-Material (1)
- Carriers (1)
- Cconventional method (1)
- Cell (1)
- Cell proliferation (1)
- Cell studies (1)
- Cellular substructure (1)
- Cellulose (1)
- Cement clinker remnants (1)
- Cerium oxide (1)
- Charged dyes (1)
- Chelate (1)
- Chemical Process Control (1)
- Chemical Safety (1)
- Chemical evolution (1)
- Chemical protein modification (1)
- Chemiluminescence (1)
- Chemodosimeter (1)
- Chemometrics (1)
- Chicken antibodies (1)
- Chirality (1)
- Chlorides (1)
- Chlorine (1)
- Chlorine determination (1)
- Chloroanilines (1)
- Ciaaw.org (1)
- Citation (1)
- Citizen Science (1)
- Citrullinated (1)
- Classical primary measurement method (CPM) (1)
- Classification (1)
- Cleaning (1)
- Cleavage (1)
- Climate (1)
- Clinical Biochemistry (1)
- Clone M2 (1)
- Cmos (1)
- Cobaloxime complex (1)
- Cocoa (1)
- Collaborative trial (1)
- Collagen (1)
- Collection (1)
- Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (1)
- Color (1)
- Column holder (1)
- Combinatorial chemistry (1)
- Combinatorial peptide library (1)
- Combustion (1)
- Combustion ion chromatography (1)
- Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) (1)
- Commercial metal-organic frameworks (1)
- Commercialization (1)
- Compartmentalization (1)
- Competitive immunoassay (1)
- Complexation (1)
- Compound-independent calibration (1)
- Concentration step (1)
- Concrete (1)
- Conductometry (1)
- Conformation (1)
- Conjugate (1)
- Construction (1)
- Construction products (1)
- Consumer Products (1)
- Continuous Processes (1)
- Continuous Sensor (1)
- Continuous processes (1)
- Conventional isotope ratio (1)
- Converter material (1)
- Coordination polymer (1)
- Core-shell (1)
- Core–shell particles (1)
- Corona virus (1)
- Corophium volutator (1)
- Corundum (1)
- Cr(III) complex (1)
- Cross section (1)
- Cross-sectioning (1)
- Cryoadsorption (1)
- Cucurbituril (1)
- Cyanide in soil (1)
- Cyber-Physical Systems (1)
- Cyber-physical system (1)
- Cyclic voltammetry (1)
- Cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes (1)
- Cytoplasm (1)
- DFA (1)
- DFT (1)
- DHAP (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA radiation damage (1)
- DNA strand breaks (1)
- DPA (1)
- Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) (1)
- Data (1)
- Data Fusion (1)
- Data infrastructures (1)
- Data processing (1)
- De novo peptide sequencing (1)
- Deep learning-based tools (1)
- Degradation of refrigerants (1)
- Delta isotope standard (1)
- Delta value (1)
- Dendrimer (1)
- Density data (1)
- Design of experiment (1)
- Deterioration (1)
- Development (1)
- Diagnostic Antibodies (1)
- Diastolic dysfunction (1)
- Diatomic molecule (1)
- Diclofenac (1)
- Diesel exhaust (1)
- Diffusion (1)
- Digestion (1)
- Digital Transformation (1)
- Digital Twins (1)
- Digital holographic cytometry (1)
- Digital immunoassay (1)
- Digital representations (1)
- Digital transformation (1)
- Digital twins (1)
- Digital workflows (1)
- Digitalisierung der Prozessindustrie (1)
- Digitization of process industry (1)
- Dip-stick assay (1)
- Disinfection (1)
- Dissociation constant (1)
- Dissolution (1)
- Dityrosine crosslinking (1)
- Docking (1)
- Down Stream Processing (1)
- Downstream Processing (1)
- Downstream processing (1)
- Druckstabilität (1)
- Drug Discovery (1)
- Dual sensing (1)
- Dual-color labeling glycan (1)
- Duplex stainless steels (1)
- Dyad (1)
- Dye loading optimisation (1)
- Dye monomers (1)
- Dye release (1)
- Dyes (1)
- Dyes/pigments (1)
- Dynamic calibration gas mixtures (1)
- EC/MS (1)
- ECR (1)
- EDTAD (1)
- EP-3533 (1)
- ESMA (1)
- EU-WFD (1)
- EXAFS (1)
- Early Earth (1)
- Ecotoxicity (1)
- Editorial (1)
- Elastin (1)
- Elastin-specific contrast agent ESMA (1)
- Elastin-specific molecular agent (1)
- Electrochemical (1)
- Electrochemical titration (1)
- Electron transfer (1)
- Elektrochemie (1)
- Elektrochemilumineszenz (1)
- Element Specific Bioimaging Using Laser Ablation (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emission testing (1)
- Enantiomeric excess ee (1)
- Encapsulation (1)
- Encoding (1)
- Endokriner Disruptor (1)
- Enhancement strategy (1)
- Environment (1)
- Environmental Engineering (1)
- Environmental pollutants (1)
- Environmental simulations (1)
- Environmental speciation (1)
- Enzyme (1)
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (1)
- Equation of state (1)
- Equations of state (1)
- Equilibrium constant (1)
- Error correction (1)
- Escherichia coli (1)
- Esterification (1)
- Estrogens (1)
- Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (1)
- Etofenprox (1)
- European Reference Material (1)
- Evanescent wave (1)
- Ex vivo (1)
- Excimers (1)
- Excitation (1)
- Exhaust (1)
- Exocytosis (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Explosiven (1)
- Explosives detection (1)
- Exposure (1)
- Extractable organically bound fluorine (EOF) (1)
- Extraction (1)
- FFF-3D printer (1)
- FFF-3D printing (1)
- FLAG peptide (1)
- FRET (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- Fenton (1)
- Fenton’s reagent (1)
- Finow Canal (1)
- Flexible crystals (1)
- Flourescence (1)
- Flourescin (1)
- Flow injection immunoassay (1)
- Fluorescein (1)
- Fluorescence Polarization (1)
- Fluorescence label (1)
- Fluorescence life time (1)
- Fluorescence spectroscopy (1)
- Fluorescence standard (1)
- Fluorescent dyes (1)
- Fluorescent probes (1)
- Fluorescent sensors (1)
- Fluoreszenz (1)
- Fluorides (1)
- Fluorination (1)
- Fluoroacetic acid (1)
- Fluorophilic interactions (1)
- Folding chirality (1)
- Food fermentation (1)
- Food safety (1)
- Forsterite (1)
- Fourier transform spectroscopy (1)
- Fow injection analysis (1)
- Fragmentation pathway (1)
- Freisetzung (1)
- Fully aromatic frameworks (1)
- Functional group quantification (1)
- Functional monomers (1)
- Fungicide (1)
- Funtional Groups (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- Fusarium mycotoxin (1)
- GC/MS (1)
- GC/MS-MS (1)
- GF-MAS (1)
- GMAW (1)
- Gadolinium-based contrast agent (1)
- Gadovist (1)
- Galvanic anodes (1)
- Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (1)
- Gas analysis (1)
- Gas sensing (1)
- Gasoline (1)
- Gated materials (1)
- Gd-DOTA (1)
- General Chemistry (1)
- Genotoxicity testing (1)
- Geological material (1)
- Germanium chlorides (1)
- Gesteuerte Freisetzung (1)
- Gesteuerten Nanopartikeln (1)
- Ggadolinium (1)
- Github (1)
- Glasmonolith (1)
- Glass Support (1)
- Gold (1)
- Gold nanocluster (1)
- Gold nanoparticles (1)
- Grafting (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphite furnace (1)
- Grass pollen (1)
- Green light excitation (1)
- Grignard reaction (1)
- Grignard-Reaktion (1)
- Ground water (1)
- Groundwater (1)
- Group profile (1)
- Guanidinium receptors (1)
- Gypsum (1)
- Gypsum dehydration (1)
- HAXPES (1)
- HF free Digestion (1)
- HPLC-DAD/FLD (1)
- HPSEC (1)
- HR-CS-MAS (1)
- Hafnium (1)
- Hay fever (1)
- Heart attack (1)
- Heat accumulation (1)
- Heat flow (1)
- Heat-transfer Measurements (1)
- Heavy chains (1)
- Hemihydrate (1)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (1)
- HexaHis-Tag (1)
- High entropy alloy (1)
- High pH (1)
- High pressure experiments (1)
- High resolution-continuum source-graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFMAS) (1)
- High-Speed (1)
- High-Speed Separations (1)
- High-fired gypsum (1)
- High-fired gypsum mortar (1)
- High-fired medieval gypsum mortars (1)
- High-frequency arc discharge (1)
- High-pressure density (1)
- High-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (1)
- High-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (1)
- High-throughput (1)
- Highspeed (1)
- His6 (1)
- His8 (1)
- Histidine (1)
- Hot-electrons (1)
- Human Plasma (1)
- Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (1)
- Human papillomavirus (1)
- Human serum albumin (1)
- Humic matter (1)
- Hydrated silicate melts (1)
- Hydration (1)
- Hydrochloric acid (1)
- Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) (1)
- Hydrodynamic model (1)
- Hydrogen Storage (1)
- Hydrogen adsorption (1)
- Hydrogen adsorption storage (1)
- Hydrogen reduction (1)
- Hydrogen uptake reproducibility (1)
- Hydrogen-containing gas mixture (1)
- Hydrogen-enriched natural gas (1)
- Hydrogenasen (1)
- Hydrothermal fluid (1)
- Hydroxy warfarin (1)
- IC50 (1)
- ICP-MS/MS (1)
- ICP-TOFMS (1)
- ICP-ToF-MS (1)
- ID-MS (1)
- ILC (1)
- IMAC purification (1)
- IR spectroscopy (1)
- ISO REMCO (1)
- Identity (1)
- IgE (1)
- IgG determination (1)
- IgY (1)
- Image analysis (1)
- Image segmentation (1)
- Imaging Technique (1)
- Imidazole (1)
- Immobilisierung (1)
- Immunassay (1)
- Immunglobulin (1)
- Immunglobuline (1)
- Immunoassays (1)
- Immunoglobulin E (1)
- Immunohistochemistry (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Immunometric assay (1)
- Immunometric biosensor (1)
- Immunoprecipitation (1)
- Impact (1)
- Imprinting (1)
- Impurites (1)
- In situ (1)
- In situ EXAFS (1)
- In situ SAXS/WAXS (1)
- In situ measurement (1)
- In vivo (1)
- In-house calibration solution (1)
- In-situ analysis (1)
- In-situ process monitoring (1)
- In-vivo (1)
- Indicator displacement assay (1)
- Indoor air quality (1)
- Inductively Coupled Mass Spectroscopy (1)
- Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (1)
- Inductively‑coupled mass spectrometry (1)
- Industrial gypsum (1)
- Inert gases (1)
- Infrared thermography (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Inhibition (1)
- Inline Analytics (1)
- Inorganic chemical analysis (1)
- Inorganic impurities (1)
- Instrumental isotope fractionation (1)
- Inter layer time (1)
- Interferometric spectroscopy (1)
- Intermixing (1)
- Internal standard (1)
- Ion mobility spectrometry (1)
- Ionophore (1)
- Ionophore antibiotics (1)
- Iposomes (1)
- Iridium (1)
- Isotope Dilution (1)
- Isotope Labelling (1)
- Isotope amount ratio (1)
- Isotope delta value (1)
- Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (1)
- Isotope reference material (1)
- Isotope-labeled (1)
- Isotopic analysis (1)
- Isotopic fractionation (1)
- Isotopologue Distribution (1)
- Iterative real-time optimization (1)
- Jahrestag (1)
- Job plot (1)
- Kjeldahl (1)
- Knowledge graphs (1)
- Kompost (1)
- LA/ICP-MS Imaging (1)
- LC-MS (1)
- LC-UV absorbance (1)
- LC/HRMS (1)
- LC/MS-MS (1)
- LFIA (1)
- LSVEC (1)
- Lab on a chip (1)
- Lab-on-a-Chip (1)
- Laboratory 4.0 (1)
- Lacunary Keggin ion (1)
- Ladder sequencing (1)
- Lasalocid (1)
- Laser Ablation (1)
- Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (1)
- Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (1)
- Laser induced breakdown Spectrocopy (LIBS) (1)
- Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (1)
- Laser induced plasma (1)
- Laser induced plasma deposition (1)
- Laser powder bed fusion (1)
- Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (1)
- Laser-induced dielectric breakdown (LIDB) (1)
- Laser-induced fluorescence (1)
- Lastwechsel (1)
- Layer-by-Layer (1)
- Layers (1)
- Leaching (1)
- Lead (1)
- Legacy pollution (1)
- LiYF4 (1)
- Library (1)
- Life science (1)
- Lifetime encoding (1)
- Lifetime-encoded beads (1)
- Light chain (1)
- Light chains (1)
- Light harvesting (1)
- Lipidomics (1)
- Lipids (1)
- Liquid chromatography (1)
- Liver X receptor (1)
- Lluminescence (1)
- Longst luminescence lifetime (1)
- Low-cost (1)
- Low-energy electrons (1)
- Luminescent lifetime (1)
- Luminol (1)
- Lymnaea stagnalis (1)
- Lysergic acid hydrazide (1)
- Lysosome (1)
- MALDI-TOF-MS (1)
- MC-TIMS (1)
- MCR (1)
- MIC (1)
- MICAP-MS (1)
- MIP (1)
- MLCT (1)
- MOF´s (1)
- MOSH/MOAH (1)
- MR Angiography (1)
- MR imaging (1)
- MST (1)
- MW-AES (1)
- MYCN (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Macrophages (1)
- Magnesium (1)
- Magnesium carbonates (1)
- Magnetic (1)
- Magnetic nanocatalyst (1)
- Magnetpartikel (1)
- Mass-Spectrometry (1)
- Massenspektrometrie (1)
- Material sciences (1)
- Materials informatics (1)
- Mechanical properties (1)
- Medical diagnostics (1)
- Medicinal application (1)
- Medicine (1)
- Medium entropy alloy (1)
- MefHySto (1)
- Mercury speciation (1)
- Meso Portland cement (1)
- Mesofluidics (1)
- Mesoporous particles (1)
- Metabolic Flux (1)
- Metabolization (1)
- Metal cluster (1)
- Metal toxicity (1)
- Metal uptake (1)
- Metalloprotein (1)
- Metals (1)
- Metal−organic frameworks (1)
- Methanol oxidation (1)
- Methylanilines (1)
- Methylmercury (1)
- Metrologie (1)
- Metrology in chemistry (1)
- Microarray (1)
- Microbe interactions (1)
- Microbially Induced Corrosion (1)
- Microfluidic (1)
- Microfluidic mixing (1)
- Microfluidic system (1)
- Microfluids (1)
- Micrometeorites (1)
- Microorganism (1)
- Microplastic-induced effects (1)
- Microplatic (1)
- Microscope slides (1)
- Microwave inductively coupled atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry (MICAP-MS) (1)
- Microwave-assisted synthesis (1)
- Miller and Urey (1)
- Mineral identification (1)
- Mineral oil hydrocarobons (1)
- Mineral paragenesis (1)
- Miniaturization (1)
- Missing fragmentation sites (1)
- Mixed surface (1)
- Mixture toxicity (1)
- Mobile analytics (1)
- Mobile phase (1)
- Model (1)
- Model Predictive Control (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Modified mycotoxins (1)
- Modifier adaptation (1)
- Molecular Biology (1)
- Molecular MRI (1)
- Molecular Organic Frameworks (1)
- Molecular imprinted polymers (1)
- Molecular marker (1)
- Molecular spectra (1)
- Molecular-MRI (1)
- Molecule (1)
- Monensin (1)
- Monoclonal Antibodies (1)
- Monoclonal Antibody (1)
- Monoclonal antibodies (1)
- Monolith (1)
- Monomer (1)
- Monte Carlo algorithm (1)
- Mounting media (1)
- Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (1)
- Multi-element analysis (1)
- Multi-prinicpal element alloys (MPEAs) (1)
- Multiple sclerosis (1)
- Multiple-injection sample-standard bracketing (1)
- Multiplexed assay (1)
- Multivariat (1)
- Multivariate (1)
- Multivariate data analysis (1)
- Multivariate methods (1)
- Murchison meteorite (1)
- NIR Spectroscopy (1)
- NIR dyes (1)
- NIR-I (1)
- NIR-II fluorescence (1)
- NIST (1)
- NIST-mAb 8671 (1)
- NMR Spectroscopy (1)
- NMR spectroscopy (1)
- NMR-Spektroskopie (1)
- NSE (1)
- Nanaoparticle (1)
- Nanaoparticles (1)
- Nano-carrier (1)
- Nanocarrier (1)
- Nanolenses (1)
- Nanomaterial design (1)
- Nanoparticle characterization (1)
- Nanoparticle dimers (1)
- Nanopartikel (1)
- Nanopowder (1)
- Nanosafety (Safe-by-design) (1)
- Nanoscience (1)
- Nanosciences (1)
- Nanostructures (1)
- Naphthalene (Nap) (1)
- Neoallergen (1)
- Neoepitopes (1)
- Neural networks (1)
- Neutral dyes (1)
- Nickel chelate (1)
- Nile Red (1)
- Nitrogen dioxide (1)
- Nitrogen microwave inductively coupled atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry (1)
- Nitrogen monoxide (1)
- Nitrogen plasma (1)
- Non-targeted analysis (1)
- Nonspecific binding (NSB) (1)
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1)
- Nuclear receptor (1)
- Nucleocapsid (1)
- OBOC library (1)
- Ochratoxin A (1)
- Oil spills (1)
- Oligomerization (1)
- Oligonucleotides (1)
- On-chip screening (1)
- On-line CE/MC-ICP-MS (1)
- On-site detection (1)
- One-bead-one-compound library (1)
- Online NMR Spectroscopy (1)
- Online NMR spectroscopy (1)
- Online biosensor (1)
- Online detection (1)
- Ontologies (1)
- Open science (1)
- Optical assay (1)
- Optical imaging (1)
- Optically active surfaces (1)
- Orbitrap (1)
- Organic Synthesis (1)
- Organic calibration solution (1)
- Organic contaminants (1)
- Organic-inorganic hybrid composites (1)
- Organic–inorganic nanostructures (1)
- Oriented immobilization (1)
- Osmotic minipumps (1)
- Oxidative metabolism (1)
- Oxygen evolution reaction (1)
- Oxygen isotope ratios (1)
- Oxygen sensitive (1)
- PAHs (1)
- PCA (1)
- PDT (1)
- PEM-Wasserelektrolyse (1)
- PIC technology (1)
- PLSR (1)
- PSA (1)
- Packing density (1)
- Pants (1)
- Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) (1)
- Particle architecture (1)
- Particle synthesis (1)
- Pattern recognition receptor (1)
- Pd(II) (1)
- Peer review (1)
- Peptide aptamers (1)
- Peptide binder (1)
- Peptide folding (1)
- Peptide mass fingerprinting (1)
- Peptide probe (1)
- Peptides (1)
- Peptides and Proteins (1)
- Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) (1)
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (1)
- Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) (1)
- Permethrin (1)
- Peroxidase (1)
- Perturbed-Chain Statistical Association Fluid Theory (1)
- Pesticide (1)
- Pestizid (1)
- Petroleum (1)
- Pflanzenvirus (1)
- Pflanzenwachstum (1)
- Pharmaceutical (1)
- Pharmaceutical Science (1)
- Phase Imaging (1)
- Phenanthrene (1)
- Phenothrin (1)
- Phenylketonuria (1)
- Phl p 5 (1)
- Phleum pratense (1)
- Phosphinine (1)
- Phospholipids (1)
- Phosphor (1)
- Phosphorescence (1)
- Phosphorus elimination (1)
- Phosphorus recovery (1)
- Photocatalysis (1)
- Photocatalytic reduction (1)
- Photochemistry (1)
- Photoinduced Electron Transfer (1)
- Photoinduced electron transfer (1)
- Photonic biosensor (1)
- Photosensitization (1)
- Photostability (1)
- Physical and theoretical chemistry (1)
- Physical twin (1)
- Physico-chemical characterisation of minerals (1)
- Phytoliths (1)
- Planck function (1)
- Plant virus (1)
- Plant-model mismatch (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plasma chemistry (1)
- Plasmonic heating (1)
- Plastic deformation (1)
- Point of inflection (1)
- Polarised light microscopy (1)
- Polarity (1)
- Polishing (1)
- Pollen (1)
- Pollen extract (1)
- Pollutant (1)
- Polyclonal Antibodies (1)
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1)
- Polyelektrolyt (1)
- Polyglycerol (1)
- Polymer particles (1)
- Polymer-based products (1)
- Polymere (1)
- Polymerization (1)
- Polymers (1)
- Polyoxometalates (1)
- Polystyrene microparticles (1)
- Pore fluids (1)
- Porous rock (1)
- Porphyrin (1)
- Portable (1)
- Portland clinker (1)
- Potash (1)
- Powder X-ray diffraction (1)
- Power density (1)
- Pphotophysics (1)
- Prebiotic chemistry (1)
- Precision agriculture (1)
- Precision farming (1)
- Preprocessing (1)
- Primary difference measurement method (PDM) (1)
- Primary transfer standards (PTSs) (1)
- Primordial soup (1)
- Principal component analysis (PCA) (1)
- Priority effect (1)
- Process Analytical Tecnology (1)
- Process Control (1)
- Process control (1)
- Process industry (1)
- Process intelligence (1)
- Process monitoring (1)
- Process sensors 4.0 (1)
- Programmed cell death (1)
- Proinflammatory cytokines (1)
- Protein Purification (1)
- Protein content (1)
- Protein degradation (1)
- Protein folding (1)
- Protein hydrolysis (1)
- Protein oligomerization (1)
- Protein oligomers (1)
- Protein quantification (1)
- Protein test (1)
- Protein-modification (1)
- Proteinoid (1)
- Prouess-Sensoren 4.0 (1)
- Provenance (1)
- Provenancing (1)
- Proximal soil sensing (1)
- Proximity-enhanced reaction (1)
- Prozessanalytik (1)
- Prozesskontrolle (1)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1)
- Pt(111) (1)
- Pt(II) (1)
- PtNP (1)
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health (1)
- Purification (1)
- Purity (1)
- Quality assurancemechanism (1)
- Quantitative Analysis (1)
- Quantitative determination (1)
- Quantitative protein analysis (1)
- Quantum chemistry (1)
- Quartz (1)
- R package (1)
- RBD (1)
- REMPI (1)
- Racemate (1)
- Rainwater (1)
- Raman band width (1)
- Raman microscopy (1)
- Raman-spectroscopy (1)
- Rapid test (1)
- Rapid tests (1)
- Rat/human liver microsomes (1)
- Ratiometric (1)
- Reactor control (1)
- Real-time imaging (1)
- Real-time quality control (1)
- Recombinant Antibody (1)
- Recombinant antibody (1)
- Recombinant protein (1)
- Redox (1)
- Redox switch (1)
- Reference (1)
- Reference Material (1)
- Reference Materials (1)
- Reference data (1)
- References (1)
- Reinigung (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Remediation (1)
- Renal disease (1)
- Renewable copolymers (1)
- Replication (1)
- Replication crisis (1)
- Reporter (1)
- Reproducibility crisis (1)
- Resistance (1)
- Resonance wavelength shift (1)
- Reverse microemulsion (1)
- Reversible covalent hydrazine chemistry (RCHC) (1)
- Rheumatoid arthritis (1)
- Rhizopus (1)
- Rhizopus and Aspergillus oryzae (1)
- Rhodamine (1)
- Ring resonator (1)
- River water sulfate (1)
- Robustness (1)
- Rosamine (1)
- Roughness (1)
- Ruthenium(II) complexes (1)
- Rückverstromung (1)
- SA conjugates (1)
- SAXS (1)
- SBA-15 (1)
- SBA-16 (1)
- SEC (1)
- SEM (1)
- SERDS (1)
- SERS (1)
- SI Traceability (1)
- SIDA-LC-MS/MS (1)
- SKPFM (1)
- SOM-SM (1)
- SVOC (1)
- Safe by design (1)
- Salicylic acid (1)
- Salinomycin (1)
- Salts (1)
- Sample preparation (1)
- Scale anchor (1)
- Scale conversion (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Schlangenbohne (1)
- Schlieren Imaging (1)
- Schnelltest (1)
- Schnelltests (1)
- Scientific publication (1)
- Seawater (1)
- Security (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Segregation (1)
- Selenium (1)
- Self-absorption (1)
- Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) (1)
- Semiconductor (1)
- Semiconductor nanocrystals (1)
- Semiconductor quantum dot (1)
- Sensor Materials (1)
- Sensory particles (1)
- Sequence dependence (1)
- Sequencing (1)
- Sequencing algorithm (1)
- Shadowgraphy (1)
- Silanization (1)
- Silica and polystyrene nanoparticles (1)
- Silica coating (1)
- Silica diagenesis (1)
- Silicon (1)
- Silicon chlorides (1)
- Silicon isotopes (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Single Cell (1)
- Single enhancement (1)
- Single particle ICP-MS (1)
- Single-cell analysis (1)
- Single-sinker densimeter (1)
- Singlet oxygen (1)
- Sintered Material (1)
- Small-angle scattering (1)
- Smart actuators (1)
- Smart test laboratories (1)
- Smarte Aktoren (1)
- Smarte Sensoren (1)
- Smarter Sensor (1)
- Smartphone readout (1)
- Soil contact (1)
- Soil heterogeneity (1)
- Sol-gel process (1)
- Solar cells (1)
- Solar concentrator (1)
- Solar energy (1)
- Solid (1)
- Solid state (1)
- Solid state emission (1)
- Solid-phase extraction (SPE) (1)
- Sorghum (1)
- Spark plasma sintering (1)
- Spatial heterodyne spectrometer (1)
- Special issue (1)
- Specific probe (1)
- Spectoscopic imaging (1)
- Spectrometer (1)
- Spectrometry (1)
- Spectroscopic imaging (1)
- Spectroscopy / Instrumentation (1)
- Spectroscopy / Theory (1)
- Speed of sound (1)
- Spike protein (1)
- Sr isotope analysis (1)
- SsNMR (1)
- Stability (1)
- Stable isotopes (1)
- Standard atomic weight (1)
- Stationäre Phase (1)
- Statistics (1)
- Steel (1)
- Stepwise growth (1)
- Stranski–Krastanow growth (1)
- Strontium isotope (1)
- Structural Biology (1)
- Structure-property relationship (1)
- Sub-4nm particles (1)
- Substance release (1)
- Sulfide sensing (1)
- Sulfur (1)
- Sulfur isotopes (1)
- Sulphur isotope (1)
- Sum Parameter (1)
- Sum Parameter Method (1)
- Sum parameter method (1)
- Supported catalyst (1)
- Supramolecular Chemistry (1)
- Surface Chemistry (1)
- Surface coating (1)
- Surface derivatization (1)
- Surface ligand (1)
- Surface plasmon resonance (1)
- Surface waters (1)
- Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (1)
- Surface-plasmon resonance (1)
- Surrogate citations (1)
- Sustainable Production (1)
- Suzuki coupling (1)
- Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (1)
- Swell-capture (1)
- Synchrotron FTIR (1)
- TEM (1)
- TFA (1)
- TLR4 activation (1)
- Tantalum oxyfluorides (1)
- Target (1)
- Tau (1)
- Temperature (1)
- Temperature Control (1)
- Terephthalic acid (1)
- Terrorism (1)
- Test midpoint (1)
- Test strip (1)
- Tetracyclin (1)
- Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (1)
- Theranostic (1)
- Therapeutic Antibodies (1)
- Thermal Process Engineering (1)
- Thermocouple (1)
- Thermodynamic analysis (1)
- Thermography (1)
- Thick shells (1)
- Thickness (1)
- Thin films (1)
- Tholins (1)
- Tissue (1)
- Titan-Halterung (1)
- Titanium dioxide (1)
- ToF-SIMS (1)
- Toll-like receptor 4 (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Topical collection: Analytical Methods and Applications in the Materials and Life Sciences (1)
- Total cyanide (1)
- Total element determination (1)
- Toxicity testing (1)
- Toys (1)
- Trace Analysis (1)
- Transferrin (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transient signal (1)
- Transpassive dissolution (1)
- Trennung (1)
- Truffle (1)
- Truffle Aroma (1)
- Trust (1)
- Tryptic digest (1)
- Tryptophan (1)
- Tuber melanosporum (1)
- Tutzing Symposion (1)
- Type-I pyrethroids (1)
- UV Vis (1)
- UV radiation (1)
- UV–Vis spectroscopy (1)
- Ultrasensitive (1)
- Umweltschadstoffe (1)
- Upconverion (1)
- Upconverstion (1)
- Upscaling (1)
- Uptake studies (1)
- VO (1)
- VVOC (1)
- Validate method (1)
- Validation trial (1)
- Vanadium (1)
- Vanadium oxide catalysts (1)
- Vegetable edible oil (1)
- Veterinary drugs (1)
- Vigna unguiculata (1)
- Virial coefficients (1)
- Visualization (1)
- Vocabulary providers (1)
- Volatile organic compounds (1)
- Volatile organic compounds; (1)
- Volumetric uptake (1)
- Vor-Ort-Analytik (1)
- WD-XRF (1)
- WWTP (1)
- Warfarin (1)
- Wasserstoff (1)
- Wasserstoff-Qualität (1)
- Wasserstoffspeicher (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Water (1)
- Water contact (1)
- Whole water samples (1)
- Wipe test (1)
- Wood chips (1)
- Work function (1)
- Workflow (1)
- X-Ray analysis (1)
- X-Ray fluorescence (1)
- X-ray (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- XANES (1)
- YES assay (1)
- Yerba mate tea (1)
- Ytterbium (1)
- Zearalenone (1)
- Zearalenone sulfate (1)
- Zellulose (1)
- Zenodo (1)
- Zeolithe (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zinc oxide (1)
- a-zearalenol (1)
- biokompatibel (1)
- calibration (1)
- compost (1)
- dye (1)
- gesintert (1)
- lank characterization (1)
- magnetic nanocatalysts (1)
- pH probe (1)
- photoluminescence (1)
- research landscape (1)
- self-replication (1)
- spICP-MS (1)
- species-specific isotope information (1)
- tandard addition (1)
- temperature (1)
- thermophysical properties (1)
- transmission mode (1)
- β-Lactam (1)
- γ-H2AX assay (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (358) (entfernen)
Paper des Monats
- ja (12)
Gasoline adulteration is a frequent problem world-wide, because of the chance of quick, maximized profits. However, addition of cheaper ethanol or hydrocarbons like kerosene does not only result in economic damage but also poses problems for vehicles and the environment. To enable law enforcement forces, customers or enterprises to uncover such a fraudulent activity directly upon suspicion and without the need to organize for sampling and laboratory analysis, we developed a simple strip-based chemical test. Key to the favorable performance was the dedicated materials tailoring, which led to test strips that consisted of a cellulose support coated with silica, passivated with hexamethyldisilazane and functionalized covalently with a molecular probe. The probe fluoresces brightly across a broad solvent polarity range, enabling reliable quantitative measurements and data analysis with a conventional smartphone. The assays showed high reproducibility and accuracy, allowing not only for the detection of gasoline adulteration but also for the on-site monitoring of the quality of commercial E10 gasoline.
Therapeutische Antikörper sind innerhalb weniger Jahre zur wichtigsten pharmazeutischen Produktklasse aufgestiegen. Für 2023 werden weltweite Umsätze von über 200 Milliarden USD erwartet. Auch diagnostische Antikörper sind mittlerweile unverzichtbare Produkte, auf deren Basis zahllose Immunoassays und andere Schnelltests entwickelt wurden. Neben der bereits sehr aufwendigen Herstellung von Antikörpern ist deren Aufreinigung aus komplexen Zellkulturmedien oder Blutseren und -plasmen zu einem Engpass in der Produktion und Nutzung dieser komplexen Proteine geworden. Schnelle und einfache Reinigungsmethoden für Antikörper sind daher sehr gefragt.
The DNA origami technique has great potential for the development of brighter and more sensitive reporters for fluorescence based detection schemes such as a microbead-based assay in diagnostic applications. The nanostructures can be programmed to include multiple dye molecules to enhance the measured signal as well as multiple probe strands to increase the binding strength of the target oligonucleotide to these nanostructures. Here we present a proof-of-concept study to quantify short oligonucleotides by developing a novel DNA origami based reporter system, combined with planar microbead assays. Analysis of the assays using the VideoScan digital imaging platform showed DNA origami to be a more suitable reporter candidate for quantification of the target oligonucleotides at lower concentrations than a conventional reporter that consists of one dye molecule attached to a single stranded DNA. Efforts have been made to conduct multiplexed analysis of different targets as well as to enhance fluorescence signals obtained from the reporters. We therefore believe that the quantification of short oligonucleotides that exist in low copy numbers is achieved in a better way with the DNA origami nanostructures as reporters.
Xenobiotics and their reactive metabolites are conjugated with native biomolecules such as glutathione and glucoside during phase II metabolism. Toxic metabolites are usually detoxified during this step. On the other hand, these reactive species have a potential health impact by disrupting many enzymatic functions. Thus, it is crucial to understand phase II conjugation reactions of xenobiotics in order to address their fate and possible toxicity mechanisms.
Additionally, conventional methods (in vivo and in vitro) have limitation due to matrix complexity and time-consuming. Hence, developing fast and matrix-free alternative method is highly demandable. In this work, oxidative phase I metabolites and reactive species of chlorpyrifos (insecticide) and fluopyram (fungicide) were electrochemically produced by using a boron-doped diamond electrode coupled online to electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Reactive species of the substrates were trapped by biomolecules (glutathione and glucoside) and phase II conjugative metabolites were identified using liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS, and/or Triple time of flight (TripleTOF)-MS. Glutathione conjugates and glucosylation of chlorpyrifos, trichloropyridinol, oxon, and monohydroxyl fluopyram were identified successfully. Glutathione and glucoside were conjugated with chlorpyrifos, trichloropyridinol, and oxon by losing a neutral HCl. In the case of fluopyram, its monohydroxyl metabolite was actively conjugated with both glutathione and glucoside. In summary, seven bioconjugates of CPF and its metabolites and two bioconjugates of fluopyram metabolites were identified using electrochemistry (EC)/MS for the first time in this work. The work could be used as an alternative approach to identify glutathione and glucosylation conjugation reactions of other organic compounds too. It is important, especially to predict phase II conjugation within a short time and matrix-free environment.
Evidence for the formation of difluoroacetic acid in chlorofluorocarbon-contaminated ground water
(2019)
The concentrations of difluoroacetic acid (DFA) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in rainwater and surface water from Berlin, Germany resembled those reported for similar urban areas, and the TFA/DFA ratio in rainwater of 10:1 was in accordance with the literature. In contrast, nearby ground water historically contaminated with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (R113) displayed a TFA/DFA ratio of 1:3. This observation is discussed versus the inventory of microbial Degradation products present in this ground water along with the parent R113 itself. A microbial Transformation of chlorotrifluoroethylene (R1113) to DFA so far has not been reported for environmental media, and is suggested based on well-established mammalian metabolic pathways.
The importance of plasmonic heating for the plasmondriven photodimerization of 4-nitrothiophenol
(2019)
Metal nanoparticles form potent nanoreactors, driven by the optical generation of energetic electrons and nanoscale heat. The relative influence of these two factors on nanoscale chemistry is strongly debated. This article discusses the temperature dependence of the dimerization of 4-nitrothiophenol (4-NTP) into 4,4′-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) adsorbed on gold nanoflowers by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Raman thermometry shows a significant optical heating of the particles. The ratio of the Stokes and the anti-Stokes Raman signal moreover demonstrates that the molecular temperature during the reaction rises beyond the average crystal lattice temperature of the plasmonic particles. The product bands have an even higher temperature than reactant bands, which suggests that the reaction proceeds preferentially at thermal hot spots. In addition, kinetic measurements of the reaction during external heating of the reaction environment yield a considerable rise of the reaction rate with temperature. Despite this significant heating effects, a comparison of SERS spectra recorded after heating the sample by an external heater to spectra recorded after prolonged illumination shows that the reaction is strictly photo-driven. While in both cases the temperature increase is comparable, the dimerization occurs only in the presence of light. Intensity dependent measurements at fixed temperatures confirm this finding.
Raman microspectra combine information on chemical composition of plant tissues with spatial information. The contributions from the building blocks of the cell walls in the Raman spectra of plant tissues can vary in the microscopic sub-structures of the tissue. Here, we discuss the analysis of 55 Raman maps of root, stem, and leaf tissues of Cucumis sativus, using different spectral contributions from cellulose and lignin in both univariate and multivariate imaging methods. Imaging based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicates different substructures in the xylem cell walls of the different tissues. Using specific signals from the cell wall spectra, analysis of the whole set of different tissue sections based on the Raman images reveals differences in xylem tissue morphology. Due to the specifics of excitation of the Raman spectra in the visible wavelength range (532 nm), which is, e.g., in resonance with carotenoid species, effects of photobleaching and the possibility of exploiting depletion difference spectra for molecular characterization in Raman imaging of plants are discussed. The reported results provide both, specific information on the molecular composition of cucumber tissue Raman spectra, and general directions for future imaging studies in plant tissues.
We present a versatile and simple method using electrochemistry for the exclusive functionalization of the edge of a graphene monolayer with metal nanoparticles or polymeric amino groups. The attachment of metal nanoparticles allows us to exploit surface-enhanced Raman scattering to characterize the chemistry of both the pristine and the functionalized graphene edge. For the pristine patterned graphene edge, we observe the typical edge-related modes, while for the functionalized graphene edge we identify the chemical structure of the functional layer by vibrational fingerprinting. The ability to obtain single selectively functionalized graphene edges routinely on an insulating substrate opens an avenue for exploring the effect of edge chemistry on graphene properties systematically.
The formation of transformation products (TPs) from contaminants and residues is becoming an increasing focus of scientific community. All organic compounds can form different TPs, thus demonstrating the complexity and interdisciplinarity of this topic. The properties of TPs could stand in relation to the unchanged substance or be more harmful and persistent. To get important information about the generated TPs, methods are needed to simulate natural and manmade transformation processes. Current tools are based on metabolism studies, photochemical methods, electrochemical methods, and Fenton's reagent. Finally, most transformation processes are based on redox reactions. This review aims to compare these methods for structurally different compounds. The groups of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, brominated flame retardants, and mycotoxins were selected as important residues/contaminants relating to their worldwide occurrence and impact to health, food, and environmental safety issues. Thus, there is an increasing need for investigation of transformation processes and identification of TPs by fast and reliable methods.
Commercial bead-based assays are commonly built upon polystyrene particles. The polymeric carrier can be encoded with organic dyes and has ideal material properties for cytometric applications such as low density and high refractive index. However, functional groups are conventionally integrated during polymerization and subsequent modification is limited to the reactivity of those groups. Additionally, polystyrene as the core material leads to many hydrophobic areas still being present on the beads’ surfaces even after functionalization, Rendering the particles prone to nonspecific adsorption during an application. The latter calls for several washing steps and the use of additives in (bio)analytical assays. In this contribution, we show how these limitations can be overcome by using monodisperse polystyrene (PS) core/silica (SiO2) shell particles (SiO2@PS). Two different hydrophobic BODIPY (boron−dipyrromethene) dyes were encapsulated inside a poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) -stabilized polystyrene core in different concentrations to create 5-plex arrays in two separate detection channels of a cytometer. A subsequent modification of the silica shell with an equimolar APTES/PEGS (aminopropyltriethoxysilane/polyethylene glycol silane) blend added multifunctional properties to the hybrid core/Shell microparticles in a single step: APTES provides amino groups for the attachment of a caffeine derivative (as a hapten) to create antigen-coupled microspheres; the PEG moiety effectively suppresses nonspecific binding of antibodies, endowing the surface with antifouling properties. The particles were applied in a competitive fluorescence immunoassay in suspension, and a highly selective wash-free assay for the detection of caffeine in beverages was developed as a proof of concept.
Carbon dots have attracted much attention due to their unique optical, chemical and electronic properties enabling a wide range of applications. The properties of carbon dots can be effectively adjusted through modifying their chemical composition. However, a major challenge remains in understanding the core and surface contributions to optical and electronic transitions. Here, three blue luminescent carbon dots with carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl groups were comprehensively characterized by UV-vis absorption and emission spectroscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The influence of the surface functionality on their fluorescence was probed by pH-dependent photoluminescence measurements. Moreover, the hydrogen bonding interactions between water and the surface groups of carbon dots were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Our results show that both core and surface electronic states of blue luminescent carbon dots contribute to electronic acceptor levels while the chemical nature of the surface groups determines the hydrogen bonding behavior of the carbon dots. This comprehensive spectroscopic study demonstrates that the surface chemistry has a profound influence on the electronic configuration and surface–water interaction of carbon dots, thus affecting their photoluminescence properties.
Photon upconversion nanomaterials have a wide range of applications, including biosensing and deep-tissue imaging. Their typically very weak and narrow absorption bands together with their size dependent luminescence efficiency can limit their application potential. This has been addressed by increasingly sophisticated core-shell particle architectures including the sensitization with organic dyes that strongly absorb in the near infrared (NIR). In this work, we present a simple water-dispersible micellar system that features energy transfer from the novel NIR excitable dye, 1859 SL with a high molar absorption coefficient and a moderate fluorescence quantum yield to oleate-capped NaYF4:20%Yb(III), 2%Er(III) upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) upon 808 nm excitation. The micelles were formed using the surfactants Pluronic F-127 and Tween 80 to produce a hydrophilic dye-UCNP system. Successful energy transfer from the dye to the UCNP could be confirmed by emission measurements that revealed the occurrence of upconversion emission upon excitation at 808 nm and an enhancement of the green Er(III) emission compared to direct Er(III) excitation at 808 nm.
Extraction, chromatographic separation, and quantification of low-concentration organic compounds in complex matrices are core challenges for reference material producers and providers of calibration services. Evidence of successful participation in formal, relevant international comparisons is needed to document measurement capability claims made by national metrology institutes (NMIs) and designated institutes (DIs). To enable NMIs and DIs to update or establish their claims, in 2014 the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG) initiated CCQM-K95.1 "Low-Polarity Analytes in a Botanical Matrix: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Tea". This was a follow-on comparison from CCQM-K95 which was completed in 2014.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) benz[a]anthracene (BaA) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are considered priority pollutants by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and are regulated contaminants in food, pose chromatographic separation challenges, and for which exist well-characterized measurement procedures and standard materials. BaA and BaP in a smoked tea were therefore selected as representative target measurands for CCQM-K95.1. Ten NMIs participated in CCQM-K95.1. The consensus summary mass fractions for the two PAHs are in the range of (50 to 70) ng/g with relative standard deviations of (6 to 10) %.
Successful participation in CCQM K95.1 demonstrates the following measurement capabilities in determining mass fraction of organic compounds, with molar mass of 100 g/mol to 500 g/mol and having polarity pKow −2, in a botanical matrix ranging in mass fraction from 10 ng/g to 1000 ng/g: (1) value assignment of primary reference standards (if in-house purity assessment carried out), (2) value assignment of single and/or multi-component organic solutions, (3) extraction of analytes of interest from the matrix, (4) cleanup and separation of analytes of interest from interfering matrix or extract components, and (5) separation and quantification using gas chromatography or liquid chromatography.
Solutions of organic analytes of known mass fraction are typically used to calibrate the measurement processes used to determine these compounds in matrix samples. Appropriate value assignments and uncertainty calculations for calibration solutions are critical for accurate measurements. Evidence of successful participation in formal, relevant international comparisons is needed to document measurement capability claims (CMCs) made by national metrology institutes (NMIs) and designated institutes (DIs). To enable NMIs and DIs to update or establish their claims, in 2015 the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG) sponsored CCQM-K131 "Low-Polarity Analytes in a Multicomponent Organic Solution: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Acetonitrile".
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) result from combustion sources and are ubiquitous in environmental samples. The PAH congeners, benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and naphthalene (Nap) were selected as the target analytes for CCQM-K131. These targets span the volatility range of PAHs found in environmental samples and include potentially problematic chromatographic separations. Nineteen NMIs participated in CCQM-K131. The consensus summary mass fractions for the three PAHs are in the range of (5 to 25) μg/g with relative standard deviations of (2.5 to 3.5) %.
Successful participation in CCQM-K131 demonstrates the following measurement capabilities in determining mass fraction of organic compounds of moderate to insignificant volatility, molar mass of 100 g/mol up to 500 g/mol, and polarity pKow < −2 in a multicomponent organic solution ranging in mass fraction from 100 ng/g to 100 μg/g: (1) value assignment of primary reference standards (if in-house purity assessment carried out), (2) value assignment of single and/or multi-component organic solutions, and (3) separation and quantification using gas chromatography or liquid chromatography.
Invited for this month’s cover picture is the group of Dr. Knut Rurack at the Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials at the Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM) in Berlin (Germany). The cover picture shows how differences in color and fluorescence on a test strip can be easily read out with a mobile device. Two reference spots Frame the sensitive spot that indicates the presence of trace amounts of HgII below the threshold in a natural water sample. This dipstick contains a hybrid material that combines boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) probes sterically loaded into specifically tailored mesoporous silica particles, allowing for ultrasensitive HgII detection through enhanced fluorescence in a few seconds. The applicability in real water samples and fish extracts are also studied.
Recent recommendations by the Food and Drug Administration1 and the European Medicines Agency2 are to limit the clinical use of linear gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) due to convincing evidence of deposition in tissues. Macrocyclic GBCA continued to be considered safe, provided that patients have normal renal function. To date, given the low sensitivity of conventional MRI, there has been a debate about the signal increase following the injections of a macrocyclic GBCA.
The sensitive detection of the mycotoxin citrinin (CIT) utilizing ist fluorescence requires approaches to enhance the emission. In this respect, we studied the complexation of CIT and ochratoxin A (OTA) with Al3+ in methanol using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. In this context, an isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using a polymer column and a fluorescence detector was also developed that enables the separation of the metal ion complexes from the free ligands and non-complexed Al3+. CIT and OTA showed distinct changes in their absorption and fluorescence properties upon Al3+-coordination, and the fluorescence of CIT was considerably enhanced. Analysis of the photometrically assessed titration of CIT and OTA with Al3+ using the Job plot method revealed 1:2 and 1:1 stoichiometries for the Al3+ complexes of CIT (Al:CIT) and OTA (Al:OTA), respectively. In the case of CIT, only one -diketone moiety participates in Al3+ coordination. These findings can be elegantly exploited for signal amplification and provide the base to reduce the limit of detection for CIT quantification by about an order of magnitude, as revealed by HPLC measurements using a fluorescence detector.
CRM (Certified Reference Material) BAM-U116/CGL306 “Cyanide in soil” was produced within a framework of cooperation between CGL (Central Geological Laboratory) of Mongolia and Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) of Germany in 2013-2017. The CRM BAM-U116/CGL306 represents a mixture of a sandy soil collected from a contaminated former gasworks area in the Berlin region (Germany) and an unpolluted sandy soil from Nalaikh region (Mongolia).
The bulk candidate material for this reference material was prepared at CGL CRM Laboratory exclusively destined to the preparation of reference materials and equipped with modern technical equipment. Homogeneity, stability and shelf life were studied in full compliance with ISO Guide 35. The CRM was evaluated as sufficiently homogeneous. Statistical evaluation of certification analysis
was software packages SoftCRM and ProLab Plus. Certified value of total cyanide of the CRM is 12.0 mg/kg and expanded uncertainty was assigned as 0.8 mg/kg. The intended purpose of this material is the verification of analytical results obtained for the mass fraction of total cyanide in soils and soil-like materials applying the standardized procedure ISO 11262:2011. As any reference material, it can also be used for routine performance checks (quality control charts) or validation studies.
Unternehmen der chemischen Industrie müssen neuen Pfade beschreiten, um in einem veränderten Umfeld erfolgreich bestehen zu können. Dazu gehört insbesondere, das Potenzial digitaler Technologien zu nutzen. Die volle Integration und intelligente Vernetzung von Systemen und Prozessen kommt allerdings nur zögerlich voran. Dieser Beitrag ist ein Loblied auf die Feldebene. Er möchte dazu ermutigen, die Digitalisierung der Prozessindustrie auf Basis smarter Sensorik, Aktorik und Kommunikation ganzheitlicher zu denken und informiert über aktuelle technische Perspektiven, wie das Ein-Netzwerk-Paradigma, Ad-hoc-Vernetzungen, Edge-Computing, FPGAs, virtuelle Maschinen oder Blockchain. Diese geben smarter Sensorik, Aktorik und Kommunikation eine völlig neue Perspektive.
Identifying the fate of agrochemicals is important to understand their potential risk for living organisms. We report here new photodegradation products (PPs) of the fungicide fluopyram. The PPs were produced by irradiating a fluopyram standard in 0.1% acetonitrile aqueous media by a 150-W medium pressure Hg-lamp that emits wavelengths between 200–280 nm. The structural elucidation of PPs was achieved by combining the retention time, isotopic pattern, targeted fragmentation, and accurate mass measurements using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and high resolution-MS (HRMS). In addition to previously known PPs, seven new PPs of fluopyram were identified in this work: mainly dihydroxyl and hydroxylimide fluopyram as well as mono, di, and trihydroxyl lactam. Additionally, two PPs were found to be formed by rearrangement after the loss of H2C=CH2. Hence, the results of the work contribute to extending the current knowledge regarding the photoinduced fate of agrochemicals, and fluopyram in particular.