Filtern
Autor*in
- Bruno, Giovanni (15)
- Resch-Genger, Ute (13)
- Bonse, Jörn (11)
- Radnik, Jörg (11)
- Emmerling, Franziska (9)
- Rethmeier, Michael (9)
- Weller, Michael G. (9)
- Mishurova, Tatiana (8)
- Weidner, Steffen (8)
- Hilgenberg, Kai (7)
- Kricheldorf, H. R. (7)
- Kromm, Arne (7)
- Nolze, Gert (7)
- Simon, Franz-Georg (7)
- Altenburg, Simon (6)
- Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan (6)
- Kannengießer, Thomas (6)
- Maiwald, Michael (6)
- Plarre, Rüdiger (6)
- Schartel, Bernhard (6)
- Unger, Wolfgang (6)
- Hoffmann, Katrin (5)
- Kemnitz, E. (5)
- Krüger, Jörg (5)
- Mohr, Gunther (5)
- Rurack, Knut (5)
- Winkelmann, A. (5)
- Yusenko, Kirill (5)
- von der Au, Marcus (5)
- Adam, Christian (4)
- Agudo Jácome, Leonardo (4)
- Brangsch, J. (4)
- Buchholz, R. (4)
- Cappella, Brunero (4)
- Cios, G. (4)
- Deubener, J. (4)
- Evans, Alexander (4)
- Evsevleev, Sergei (4)
- Florian, Camilo (4)
- Gumenyuk, Andrey (4)
- Hamm, B. (4)
- Hertwig, Andreas (4)
- Karst, U. (4)
- Kaufmann, Jan Ole (4)
- Kupsch, Andreas (4)
- Luch, A. (4)
- Maierhofer, Christiane (4)
- Makowski, M. R. (4)
- Meermann, Björn (4)
- Michalchuk, Adam (4)
- Müller, Ralf (4)
- Pauw, Brian Richard (4)
- Reimann, C. (4)
- Reinsch, Stefan (4)
- Schmid, Thomas (4)
- Schmidt, Wolfram (4)
- Serrano Munoz, Itziar (4)
- Smales, Glen Jacob (4)
- Stephan, D. (4)
- Sturm, Heinz (4)
- Tokarski, T. (4)
- Ulbricht, Alexander (4)
- Vogel, Christian (4)
- Wegner, Karl David (4)
- de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana (4)
- Özcan Sandikcioglu, Özlem (4)
- Adams, L. C. (3)
- Bachmann, Marcel (3)
- Balzer, R. (3)
- Behrens, H. (3)
- Braun, Ulrike (3)
- Burgholzer, P. (3)
- Climent Terol, Estela (3)
- Eisentraut, Paul (3)
- Friedrich, Sebastian (3)
- Goedecke, Caroline (3)
- Gorbushina, Anna (3)
- Günster, Jens (3)
- Haag, R. (3)
- Häusler, I. (3)
- Kabelitz, Anke (3)
- Kiefer, P. (3)
- Koerdt, Andrea (3)
- Legall, Herbert (3)
- Leinitz, Sarah (3)
- Panne, Ulrich (3)
- Paul, Martin (3)
- Rhode, Michael (3)
- Schaupp, Thomas (3)
- Spaltmann, Dirk (3)
- Sprengel, Maximilian (3)
- Stephan-Scherb, Christiane (3)
- Tentschert, J. (3)
- Thünemann, Andreas (3)
- Waurischk, Tina (3)
- Ziegler, Mathias (3)
- Adamczyk, Burkart (2)
- Ahmadi, Samim (2)
- Algermissen, D. (2)
- An, Biwen Annie (2)
- Angurel, L.A. (2)
- Artinov, Antoni (2)
- Artzt, K. (2)
- Bala, P. (2)
- Baumgartner, W. (2)
- Bente, Klaas (2)
- Bernal, S. A. (2)
- Bhattacharya, Biswajit (2)
- Biegler, M. (2)
- Biyikal, Mustafa (2)
- Block, T. (2)
- Botnar, R. M. (2)
- Böhning, Martin (2)
- Caire, G. (2)
- Chithiraputhiran, S. (2)
- Cubero, A. (2)
- Dariz, P. (2)
- Darvishi Kamachali, Reza (2)
- Dehghan, A. (2)
- Dittmann, Daniel (2)
- Dombrowski-Daube, K. (2)
- Donskyi, Ievgen (2)
- Drissen, P. (2)
- Dubey, A. (2)
- Ducman, V. (2)
- Eigler, S. (2)
- Erdmann, Maren (2)
- Feiler, Torvid (2)
- Fischer, E. (2)
- Fosodeder, P. (2)
- Fritsch, Tobias (2)
- Funk, Alexander (2)
- Förster, C. (2)
- Gaal, Mate (2)
- Gawlitza, Kornelia (2)
- Gibmeier, J. (2)
- Gluth, Gregor (2)
- Gook, S. (2)
- Graf, B. (2)
- Griesche, Axel (2)
- Gromilov, S. (2)
- Gröninger, Delia (2)
- Hahn, Marc Benjamin (2)
- Haisch, C. (2)
- Haist, M. (2)
- Haubrich, J. (2)
- Heinze, K. (2)
- Heitz, J. (2)
- Herzel, Hannes (2)
- Hielscher, R. (2)
- Hildebrandt, L. (2)
- Hildebrandt, P. (2)
- Hirsch, Philipp Daniel (2)
- Hofmann, M. (2)
- Hyks, J. (2)
- Hübert, Thomas (2)
- Jakubowski, Norbert (2)
- Jung, P. (2)
- Kage, Daniel (2)
- Kalbe, Ute (2)
- Kardjilov, N. (2)
- Kern, Simon (2)
- Kirner, Sabrina V. (2)
- Klack, Patrick (2)
- Kleinbub, Sherin (2)
- Kockelmann, W. (2)
- Kowarik, Stefan (2)
- Kunte, Hans-Jörg (2)
- Lausch, Thomas (2)
- Laux, P. (2)
- Li, Z.-H. (2)
- Liehr, Sascha (2)
- Link, J. (2)
- Lisec, Jan (2)
- Lu, W. (2)
- Lumpe, H. (2)
- Léonard, Fabien (2)
- Lützenkirchen-Hecht, D. (2)
- Mair, Georg (2)
- Manke, I. (2)
- Markötter, Henning (2)
- Martra, G. (2)
- Martínez Mánez, R. (2)
- Martínez, E. (2)
- Mayer, P. (2)
- McMahon, Dino Peter (2)
- Mechtcherine, V. (2)
- Meng, Xiangmeng (2)
- Merklein, M. (2)
- Meyer, A. (2)
- Mieller, Björn (2)
- Müller, Anja (2)
- Müller, Bernd R. (2)
- Münzenberger, Sven (2)
- Navarro, R. (2)
- Neuhold, S. (2)
- Niebergall, Ute (2)
- Niederleithinger, Ernst (2)
- Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya (2)
- Ortel, Erik (2)
- Otremba, Frank (2)
- Pellegrino, F. (2)
- Peterson, K. (2)
- Pfeiffer, F. (2)
- Piechotta, Christian (2)
- Pietsch, Franziska (2)
- Pomberger, R. (2)
- Presoly, P. (2)
- Prinz, Carsten (2)
- Provis, J. L. (2)
- Pröfrock, D. (2)
- Pöttgen, R. (2)
- Rabe, Torsten (2)
- Rabin, Ira (2)
- Raith, J. G. (2)
- Reese, A. (2)
- Reichardt, P. (2)
- Reimann, K. (2)
- Requena, G. (2)
- Rietsch, P. (2)
- Roesch, Philipp (2)
- Rohrmann, R. G. (2)
- Romero-Navarrete, José A. (2)
- Rosenkranz, D. (2)
- Sachse, René (2)
- Said, Samir (2)
- Sarkar, B. (2)
- Schenk, J. (2)
- Schirdewahn, S. (2)
- Schmid, M. (2)
- Schoknecht, Ute (2)
- Scholz, G. (2)
- Schreiber, Frank (2)
- Schröpfer, Dirk (2)
- Schubert, H. (2)
- Schumacher, Julia (2)
- Sedlazeck, K. P. (2)
- Sevostianov, I. (2)
- Sobol, Oded (2)
- Sobottka, S. (2)
- Solomun, Tihomir (2)
- Sordello, F. (2)
- Spranger, Felix (2)
- Steinwender, C. (2)
- Stockmann, Jörg M. (2)
- Sukhikh, A. (2)
- Syc, M. (2)
- Tang, D.-H. (2)
- Teng, J. (2)
- Thiede, Tobias (2)
- Thiedeitz, M. (2)
- Thomas, Maximilian (2)
- Tscheuschner, Georg (2)
- Usmani, Shirin M. (2)
- Vilcinskas, A. (2)
- Vogl, Jochen (2)
- Vollert, F. (2)
- Vollprecht, D. (2)
- Wachtendorf, Volker (2)
- Wagner, R. (2)
- Wan, Wei (2)
- Wang, Cui (2)
- Waske, Anja (2)
- Wiesner, Yosri (2)
- Witt, Julia (2)
- Wurzler, Nina (2)
- You, Yi (2)
- Zimmermann, T. (2)
- de la Fuente, G.F. (2)
- Abis, M. (1)
- Abouhany, R. (1)
- Acker, S. (1)
- Adachi, S. (1)
- Adeli, M. (1)
- Afantitis, A. (1)
- Agostini, G. (1)
- Ahmed, R. (1)
- Ahonen, M. (1)
- Ahrens, C. (1)
- Ahrens, M. A. (1)
- Aitken, M. D. (1)
- Akhter, Z. (1)
- Aklyama, M. (1)
- Al-Sabbagh, Dominik (1)
- Alamri, S. (1)
- Alberdi, A. (1)
- Alberto, G. (1)
- Aldakov, D. (1)
- Alfaro Espinoza, Gabriela (1)
- Ali, Naveed Zafar (1)
- Allan, R. (1)
- Almalla, A. (1)
- Alonso, I. (1)
- Amigorena, I. (1)
- Andrieux, J. (1)
- Anh Mai, Q. (1)
- Anis, B. (1)
- Apel, D. (1)
- Araki, T. (1)
- Aratsu, K. (1)
- Arbi, K. (1)
- Arendt, T. (1)
- Auersch, Lutz (1)
- Babick, F. (1)
- Babutzka, Martin (1)
- Baensch, Franziska (1)
- Bagcioglu, M. (1)
- Bahr, Horst (1)
- Bakir, Nasim (1)
- Bald, Ilko (1)
- Bambach, M. (1)
- Bandow, N. (1)
- Bargheer, M. (1)
- Barriobero-Vila, P. (1)
- Bartholmai, Matthias (1)
- Bassil, A. (1)
- Battig, Alexander (1)
- Bauer, P.-P. (1)
- Baum, D. (1)
- Baumert, C. (1)
- Bayón, R. (1)
- Bazin, P.-L. (1)
- Becker, M. (1)
- Becker, S. (1)
- Beer, F. (1)
- Beine, A. K. (1)
- Bell, A. M. (1)
- Belyevskii, A. (1)
- Benedicto, J. (1)
- Benisek, A. (1)
- Benkő, Z. (1)
- Bennet, Francesca (1)
- Benseghier, Z. (1)
- Berensmeier, S. (1)
- Bernegger, Raphael (1)
- Bernicke, Michael (1)
- Bernsmeier, D. (1)
- Bernsmeier, Denis (1)
- Bettge, Dirk (1)
- Bettini, J. (1)
- Beyer, L. (1)
- Bhuckory, S. (1)
- Bienert, Ralf (1)
- Biesen, L. (1)
- Biganzoli, L. (1)
- Bignozzi, M. C. (1)
- Bischoff, S. (1)
- Bisswanger, T. (1)
- Blanc-Biscarat, D. (1)
- Blanco, M. (1)
- Blasenbauer, D. (1)
- Blasón Gonzalez, Sergio (1)
- Blind, K. (1)
- Blondeau, J. (1)
- Boaretto, E. (1)
- Bodio, E. (1)
- Boehm, S. (1)
- Bogush, A. (1)
- Bohling, Christian (1)
- Bondar, D. (1)
- Bondarenko, S. (1)
- Bonelli, S. (1)
- Bontempi, E. (1)
- Borchardt, Christopher (1)
- Borcherding, H. (1)
- Borde, T. (1)
- Borghetti, P. (1)
- Bornemann-Pfeiffer, Martin (1)
- Borowski, J. (1)
- Botnar, R. (1)
- Bradbury, R. (1)
- Braga, R. (1)
- Brandenburg, J. G. (1)
- Braun, T. (1)
- Bravo, I. (1)
- Breitenbach, Romy (1)
- Bresch, Sophie (1)
- Breterniz, S. (1)
- Brett, D. (1)
- Brett, D. J. L. (1)
- Brinkrolf, K. (1)
- Brinza, L. (1)
- Brodin, H. (1)
- Broekgaarden, M. (1)
- Broicher, Cornelia (1)
- Bruggeman, F. J. (1)
- Bruno, M. (1)
- Bröcker, S. (1)
- Brüngel, R. (1)
- Bucar, K. (1)
- Buchinger, S. (1)
- Budde, K. (1)
- Buganski, I. (1)
- Buhmann, M. (1)
- Bunschoten, A. (1)
- Burkert, Andreas (1)
- Busch, I. (1)
- Busser, B. (1)
- Buttler, Sabine (1)
- Buzi, P. (1)
- Bykov, M. (1)
- Bäßler, Ralph (1)
- Böllinghaus, Thomas (1)
- Böttcher, C. (1)
- Bütefisch, S. (1)
- Cailletaud, G. (1)
- Caliebe, W. (1)
- Calmunger, M. (1)
- Cao, L. (1)
- Carabba, L. (1)
- Carl, F. (1)
- Carmago, P. (1)
- Caroli, A. (1)
- Castañeda Ocampo, O. (1)
- Castel, A. (1)
- Celorrio, V. (1)
- Chakraborty, J. (1)
- Checcia, S. (1)
- Chen, W. (1)
- Cheneler, D. (1)
- Chimeh, A. (1)
- Chimenos, J. (1)
- Chinellato, Fabio (1)
- Chiriac, R. (1)
- Choi, J.-S. (1)
- Chowdhary, S. (1)
- Chruscicki, Sebastian (1)
- Cicha, I. (1)
- Cihak-Bayr, U. (1)
- Clark, Adam H. (1)
- Clauß, F. (1)
- Coesfeld, Bianca (1)
- Cohen, Y. (1)
- Coleine, C. (1)
- Coll, J.-L. (1)
- Colombo, P. (1)
- Cossmer, Antje (1)
- Costa, Elena (1)
- Costa, G. (1)
- Cotardo, D. (1)
- Cuellar-Camacho, J. L. (1)
- Culver, T. (1)
- Cuéllar, Pablo (1)
- Dachs, E. (1)
- Dahlbo, H. (1)
- Dalsgaard Sorensen, J. (1)
- Danneberg, M. (1)
- Daumann, L. (1)
- Daumann, L. J. (1)
- Davis, H. E. (1)
- Deistung, A. (1)
- Dekker, F. (1)
- Deland, Eric (1)
- Denat, F. (1)
- Di Michiel, M. (1)
- Diehn, S. (1)
- Dimper, M. (1)
- Dimper, Matthias (1)
- Dinse, J. (1)
- Dlugosch, R. (1)
- Doganis, P. (1)
- Dolenec, S. (1)
- Dombinov, V. (1)
- Domonov, D. (1)
- Donati, C. (1)
- Dragos, O. (1)
- Drescher, P. (1)
- Drummer, D. (1)
- Druzhinina, I. (1)
- Dubrovinsky, L. (1)
- Duffner, Eric (1)
- Dusinska, M. (1)
- Dutz, S. (1)
- Dykeman, D. (1)
- Dymek, S. (1)
- Déziel, J.-L. (1)
- Easterly, C. (1)
- Ebel, Kenny (1)
- Eggeler, G. (1)
- Ehlers, Henrik (1)
- Eifert, T (1)
- Eifert, T. (1)
- Eisen, K (1)
- Eisen, K. (1)
- Eisermann, René (1)
- El Hotaby, W. (1)
- El Yamani, N. (1)
- El-Batahgy, A. M. (1)
- El-Sari, B. (1)
- Elert, Anna Maria (1)
- Ellis, L.-J. A. (1)
- Emri, T. (1)
- Engell, S. (1)
- Epping, Ruben (1)
- Epple, M. (1)
- Epple, Niklas (1)
- Erdmann, Eileen (1)
- Eremin, S. (1)
- Ernst, W. (1)
- Escolástico, S. (1)
- Eslami Pirharati, M. (1)
- Esmann, M. (1)
- Esparza Mora, Margy Alejandra. (1)
- Ettinger, C. L. (1)
- Even, Morgane (1)
- Ewert, Uwe (1)
- Fagerqvist, J. (1)
- Fahmy, Alaa (1)
- Fahrbach, M. (1)
- Faivre, D. (1)
- Falkenhagen, Jana (1)
- Fantin, Andrea (1)
- Fataei, S. (1)
- Faßbender, Sebastian (1)
- Fechtelkord, M. (1)
- Fedotenko, T. (1)
- Feldmann, Ines (1)
- Fellner, J. (1)
- Fernández-Canteli, A. (1)
- Feuerbacher, M. (1)
- Fiore, S. (1)
- Fischer, Daniel (1)
- Fischer, M. (1)
- Fjellheim, S. (1)
- Fleischer, C. (1)
- Fortini, Renata (1)
- Franchin, G. (1)
- Franz, A. (1)
- Freudenberger, J. (1)
- Friedrich, C. M. (1)
- Frisch, M. (1)
- Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J. (1)
- Fuchs, S. (1)
- Funari, V. (1)
- Fürhapper, C. (1)
- Gadelmeier, C. (1)
- Garcia, S. (1)
- Garcés, G. (1)
- García, Á. (1)
- García-García, I. (1)
- García-González, M. (1)
- Garg, A. (1)
- Garrecht, H. (1)
- Gault, B. (1)
- Geburtig, Anja (1)
- Gehlen, C. (1)
- Gehrenkemper, Lennart (1)
- Geißler, Daniel (1)
- Geoerg, Paul (1)
- Gernert, U. (1)
- Gerrits, Ruben (1)
- Geyer, S. (1)
- Ghalgaoui, A. (1)
- Ghanem, A. (1)
- Gherghel, D. (1)
- Ghigo, Tea (1)
- Giovannelli, F. (1)
- Giro-Paloma, J. (1)
- Gkagkas, K. (1)
- Gladfelter, A. S. (1)
- Glaeser, J. (1)
- Glaeser, S. P. (1)
- Glatzel, U. (1)
- Godard, A. (1)
- Goedecke, Thomas (1)
- Gojani, Ardian (1)
- Gontijo, L.A.P. (1)
- Gornushkin, Igor B. (1)
- Gottlieb, Cassian (1)
- Gottschall, T. (1)
- Gottu Mukkula, A. R. (1)
- Goze, C. (1)
- Goëss, M. C. (1)
- Gradt, Thomas (1)
- Grafström, R. (1)
- Grager, J.-C. (1)
- Grasso, G. (1)
- Grauel, Bettina (1)
- Greco, D. (1)
- Grevel, K.-D. (1)
- Griffin, T. (1)
- Grigoriev, I. V. (1)
- Grohmann, E. (1)
- Grosse, C. U. (1)
- Grosso, M. (1)
- Grube, M. (1)
- Gruendling, T. (1)
- Gruening, B. (1)
- Grundtner, R. (1)
- Grunwald, I. (1)
- Gräf, S. (1)
- Grönholm, R. (1)
- Gu, M. (1)
- Guhl, Svetlana (1)
- Gulumian, M. (1)
- Gunde-Cimerman, N. (1)
- Gunschera, J. (1)
- Gussone, J. (1)
- Gustschin, A. (1)
- Gómez, E. (1)
- Günther, Martin (1)
- Haag, K. (1)
- Haas, S. (1)
- Haase, M. (1)
- Hachenberger, Y. (1)
- Hachenberger, Y. U. (1)
- Hackenberger, C. P. R. (1)
- Hagner, M. (1)
- Halisch, M. (1)
- Haller, T. (1)
- Hammann, P. (1)
- Han, X.-H. (1)
- Hanfland, M. (1)
- Hannemann, Andreas (1)
- Harrison, S. (1)
- Hartmann, T. (1)
- Haruki, R. (1)
- Hassan, A. (1)
- Hassel, A. W. (1)
- Hassel, A.W. (1)
- Hauschildt, I. (1)
- Heikkinen, J. (1)
- Heil, T. (1)
- Heilmann, Maria (1)
- Heino, V. (1)
- Heinrich, Ph. (1)
- Helbling, S. (1)
- Helfen, L. (1)
- Hendren, C. O. (1)
- Hendriks, W. A. P. M. (1)
- Hengge, R. (1)
- Herbst, S. (1)
- Herrmann, Stefan (1)
- Herwig, C (1)
- Herwig, C. (1)
- Hesse, René (1)
- Heßmann, Jennifer (1)
- Hildebrandt, N. (1)
- Hill, R. (1)
- Hille, Falk (1)
- Hiller, W. (1)
- Hjelmar, O. (1)
- Hobmeier, K. (1)
- Hoffmann, K. (1)
- Hoffmann, Marie (1)
- Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja (1)
- Holl, Maik (1)
- Holl, Stefan (1)
- Hollamby, M.J. (1)
- Holtkamp, M. (1)
- Hoppe, M. (1)
- Horbert, V. (1)
- Hu, W.-H (1)
- Hu, W.-H. (1)
- Huang, L. (1)
- Huber, F. (1)
- Huber, R. (1)
- Hunter, R. D. (1)
- Hussain, R. (1)
- Hussels, Maria-Teresa (1)
- Hutzler, C. (1)
- Hänninen, H. (1)
- Härder, M. (1)
- Höhne, Patrick (1)
- Hünger, K.-J. (1)
- Igartua, A. (1)
- Illerhaus, Bernhard (1)
- Imbihl, R. (1)
- Incamps, A. (1)
- Inkinen, J. (1)
- Isigonis, P. (1)
- Isopescu, R. (1)
- Ivanov, D. (1)
- Ivanova, I. (1)
- Ivask, A. (1)
- Jablonowski, N. D. (1)
- Jaenisch, Gerd-Rüdiger (1)
- Jagtap, P. (1)
- Jakob, C. (1)
- Jakubowski, N. (1)
- Jankuhn, S. (1)
- Jansen, D. (1)
- Jaunich, Matthias (1)
- Javaheri, A. (1)
- Javaheri, E. (1)
- Jekel, M (1)
- Jennings, T. L. (1)
- Jensen, K. A. (1)
- Jenssen, H. (1)
- Jesinghausen, S. (1)
- Johann, Sergej (1)
- Johnson, J. (1)
- Jungnickel, H. (1)
- Jungnickel, Robert (1)
- Jäger, Christian (1)
- Jänes, J. (1)
- Kader, A. (1)
- Kahru, A. (1)
- Kaiser, L. (1)
- Kalmbach, J. (1)
- Kalot, G. (1)
- Kanwal, S. (1)
- Karafiludis, Stephanos (1)
- Karatzas, P. (1)
- Karkhin, V. (1)
- Karnaushenko, D. (1)
- Karányi, Z. A. (1)
- Kasemann, S. A. (1)
- Kaufmann, D. E. (1)
- Keaney, J. (1)
- Kehren, D. (1)
- Keller, S. (1)
- Kerkhoff, Y. (1)
- Kervarec, M.-C. (1)
- Khalid, M. (1)
- Khalil, A. (1)
- Khandarkhaeva, S. (1)
- Khrapov, D (1)
- Kim, K. J. (1)
- Kinaret, P. A. S. (1)
- Kinne, J. (1)
- Kinne, R. W. (1)
- Kirilina, E. (1)
- Kitamoto, Y. (1)
- Kißling, P. A. (1)
- Klaer, R.-H. (1)
- Klein, C. (1)
- Klein, O. (1)
- Klemczak, D. (1)
- Knabe, Nicole (1)
- Kneipp, Janina (1)
- Koch, Matthias (1)
- Kockmann, N. (1)
- Koclega, Damian (1)
- Kocsis, B. (1)
- Koetz, J. (1)
- Kogia, M. (1)
- Kohler, A. (1)
- Kohonen, P. (1)
- Kok, M. (1)
- Koksch, B. (1)
- Kolmeder, C. (1)
- Kondo, M. (1)
- Kool, L. (1)
- Koptyug, A. (1)
- Korte, A. (1)
- Koschek, K. (1)
- Kositz, M. (1)
- Koziel, T. (1)
- Kraehnert, R. (1)
- Kraehnert, Ralph (1)
- Kraffert, K. (1)
- Kraft, R. (1)
- Krahl, T. (1)
- Kranzmann, Axel (1)
- Kratzig, A. (1)
- Kraupner, A. (1)
- Kraus, Werner (1)
- Krause, B. (1)
- Krauss, H.-W. (1)
- Krautz, M. (1)
- Krebber, Katerina (1)
- Krebs, Holger (1)
- Kremling, A. (1)
- Kriegel, F. L. (1)
- Kriegel, Fabian L. (1)
- Krieger, S. (1)
- Krivenkov, V. (1)
- Krumrey, Michael (1)
- Kruschwitz, Sabine (1)
- Kränkel, T. (1)
- Krösche, C. (1)
- Krüger, O. (1)
- Kubressoian, T. (1)
- Kuchta, K. (1)
- Kugler, Stefan (1)
- Kulak, A. (1)
- Kulka, M.W. (1)
- Kulla, Hannes (1)
- Kumala, V. (1)
- Kumar, P. (1)
- Kunert, A. T. (1)
- Kunkel, B. (1)
- Kunze, T. (1)
- Kvashnin, A. G. (1)
- Kästner, Claudia (1)
- Kömmling, Anja (1)
- Köppen, Robert (1)
- Köster, U. (1)
- Lackner, F. (1)
- Lamela-Rey, M. J. (1)
- Lamprou, A. (1)
- Lang, C. (1)
- Lanzillotta, M. (1)
- Laplanche, G. (1)
- Lappalainen, R. (1)
- Laquai, René (1)
- Lasagni, A. F. (1)
- Laue, P. (1)
- Lawrence, M. J. (1)
- Le, Quynh Hoa (1)
- Lecompagnon, Julien (1)
- Lederer, J. (1)
- Leifke, A. L. (1)
- Leis, B. (1)
- Leisegang, T. (1)
- Lenoir, N. (1)
- Lesczynski, J. (1)
- Levandowski, G. V. (1)
- Levchik, S. V. (1)
- Levin, A.A. (1)
- Li, L. (1)
- Li, Q. (1)
- Li, Z. (1)
- Liampa, I. (1)
- Liebig, F. (1)
- Liedtke, S. (1)
- Lienau, C. (1)
- Lienig, T. (1)
- List-Kratochvil, E. (1)
- Liu, J.-L. (1)
- Liu, M.-Y. (1)
- Lobaskin, V. (1)
- Lochbrunner, S. (1)
- Lofts, S. (1)
- Lohaus, L. (1)
- Lone, S. A. (1)
- Long, Lijia (1)
- Longhin, E. (1)
- Lowke, D. (1)
- Loza, K. (1)
- Lozano Guzman, A. A. (1)
- Lu, Xin (1)
- Lu, Z. (1)
- Lu, Z. C. (1)
- Lubritz, J. (1)
- Lucas, K. (1)
- Ludwig, J. (1)
- Lundgren, J.-E. (1)
- Lupsea-Toader, M. (1)
- Luu, L.-H. (1)
- Luzin, V. (1)
- Lynch, I. (1)
- Lyubartsev, A. (1)
- Lämmerhirt, A. (1)
- Maaß, Robert (1)
- Machado, W.S. (1)
- Maenz, S. (1)
- Magkos, Sotirios (1)
- Mai, A. (1)
- Mai, C. (1)
- Maier, D. (1)
- Maiwald, M. (1)
- Maj, L. (1)
- Majaniemi, S. (1)
- Majzlan, J. (1)
- Makris, R. (1)
- Malet, J. (1)
- Malow, Marcus (1)
- Malysheva, N. (1)
- Manabaev, K. (1)
- Mansfeld, Ulrich (1)
- Manzoni, Anna Maria (1)
- Mardare, C.C. (1)
- Marin-Sanguino, A. (1)
- Mariussen, E. (1)
- Mark, P. (1)
- Markwart, J. C. (1)
- Marzok, Ulrich (1)
- Matschaß, René (1)
- Matuszak, J. (1)
- Mauch, Tatjana (1)
- Maurino, V. (1)
- Mavrakis, E. (1)
- Mayr, G. (1)
- Mazanec, O. (1)
- McEniry, E. (1)
- Mech, A. (1)
- Meconcelli, S. (1)
- Mehta, S. (1)
- Meiller, M. (1)
- Meixner, A. (1)
- Meixner, M. (1)
- Melagraki, G. (1)
- Melcher, E. (1)
- Melo, A. (1)
- Melzer, Michael (1)
- Menke, A. (1)
- Menke, Annika (1)
- Menneken, M. (1)
- Menneken, Martina (1)
- Mesuere, B. (1)
- Metrangolo, P. (1)
- Meulenberg, W. A. (1)
- Meyer, Christian (1)
- Meyer, Klas (1)
- Meyer-Plath, A. (1)
- Mezera, Marek (1)
- Michels, M. (1)
- Mietz, Jürgen (1)
- Mihajlovic1, S. (1)
- Mika, J. (1)
- Miklós, I. (1)
- Mikolajczak, D. J. (1)
- Minami, I. (1)
- Minero, C. (1)
- Mino, L. (1)
- Mirtsch, Mona (1)
- Miskei, M. (1)
- Moerer, R. (1)
- Moll, J. (1)
- Mont, L. (1)
- Moos, R. (1)
- Mooshofer, H. (1)
- Morato, P. G. (1)
- Morawski, M. (1)
- Morgiel, J. (1)
- Moschner, J. (1)
- Motto-Ros, V. (1)
- Moverare, J. (1)
- Muck, M. (1)
- Muggia, L. (1)
- Munir, R. (1)
- Munzke, Dorit (1)
- Murzin, V. (1)
- Muth, Thilo (1)
- Müller, A. (1)
- Müller, Axel (1)
- Müller, F. (1)
- Müller, Larissa (1)
- Müller, S. (1)
- Müller, T. J. J. (1)
- Müller, Thoralf (1)
- Nabiev, I. (1)
- Nadammal, Naresh (1)
- Nadejde, C. (1)
- Namyslo, J. C. (1)
- Neamtu, M. (1)
- Neitsch, Marcel (1)
- Netz, R. R. (1)
- Neubauer, J. (1)
- Neugebauer, J. (1)
- Newman, H. (1)
- Nicia, D. (1)
- Nickl, P. (1)
- Nie, C. (1)
- Niemz, P. (1)
- Nifontova, G. (1)
- Nissen, J. (1)
- Nitsche, Sarah (1)
- Noda, Y. (1)
- Noordmann, J. (1)
- Nordholt, Niclas (1)
- Northen, T. (1)
- Noureen, N. (1)
- Novak-Babič, M. (1)
- Nowak, K. (1)
- Nowakowski, Susanna (1)
- Nunn, B. (1)
- Nyberg, E. (1)
- Nymark, P. (1)
- O'Neill, A. J. (1)
- Oberpaul, M. (1)
- Oesch, Tyler (1)
- Ohlson, M. (1)
- Onthank, D. (1)
- Orupõld, K. (1)
- O’Caollai, C. (1)
- Paciornik, S. (1)
- Pagano, F. (1)
- Pajak, T. (1)
- Palkovits, R. (1)
- Palkovits, S. (1)
- Pan, G. (1)
- Papadiamantis, A. (1)
- Passiu, C. (1)
- Paul, Andrea (1)
- Paulus, B. (1)
- Pavlov, V. (1)
- Pawelczyk, S. (1)
- Pechenyuk, S. (1)
- Peiner, Erwin (1)
- Pelkner, Matthias (1)
- Pellutiè, L. (1)
- Peng, R. L. (1)
- Penk, Sibylle (1)
- Pennacchio, C. (1)
- Pergantis, S. A. (1)
- Pfeifer, Jens (1)
- Pfliegler, W. P. (1)
- Pflüger-Grau, K. (1)
- Pfretzschner, Beate (1)
- Pfänder, N. (1)
- Pfüger, Mika (1)
- Philippe, P. (1)
- Pine, K. (1)
- Pipilikaki, P. (1)
- Pirker, F. (1)
- Pittner, Andreas (1)
- Plank, J. (1)
- Pliquett, J. (1)
- Pohl, P. (1)
- Pokharel, R. (1)
- Pons, Monica (1)
- Popov, A. A. (1)
- Possling, A. (1)
- Pott, U. (1)
- Pražnikar, J. (1)
- Prietzel, C. (1)
- Prigione, V. (1)
- Prozzi, M. (1)
- Pu, Y. (1)
- Puzyn, T. (1)
- Päpcke, A. (1)
- Pòcsi, I. (1)
- Pöschl, U. (1)
- Qiao, H. (1)
- Qiu, X. (1)
- Quina, M. (1)
- Raabe, D. (1)
- Rabb, S. (1)
- Rabe, Sebastian (1)
- Radebe, N. W. (1)
- Rades, Steffi (1)
- Radtke, Martin (1)
- Radziszewska, A. (1)
- Rakotondrajoa, A. (1)
- Rasmussen, K. (1)
- Rauscher, H. (1)
- Rautenberg, Max (1)
- Rawassizadeh, R. (1)
- Raysyan, Anna (1)
- Recknagel, Christoph (1)
- Recknagel, Sebastian (1)
- Regnery, J. (1)
- Reichel, V. E. (1)
- Reichelt, Manuel (1)
- Reichenbach, J. R. (1)
- Reifferscheid, G. (1)
- Reimann, T. (1)
- Reinholz, Uwe (1)
- Reinmuth-Selzle, K. (1)
- Reiss, P. (1)
- Relling, A. (1)
- Remelhe, M. (1)
- Ren, Q. (1)
- Ribeiro, D. S. M. (1)
- Richter, Anja (1)
- Riedmiller, J. J. (1)
- Rienitz, O. (1)
- Riffle, M. (1)
- Riquelme, M. (1)
- Robens-Radermacher, Annika (1)
- Robinson, J. (1)
- Robinson, J. B. (1)
- Robinson, S. (1)
- Rodiouchkina, K. (1)
- Rodriguez, P. (1)
- Ronkainen, H. (1)
- Rosner, M. (1)
- Rossi, A. (1)
- Rossi, A. M. (1)
- Rota, C. (1)
- Rowlandson, J. L. (1)
- Rudic, S. (1)
- Rudney, J. (1)
- Ruhl, A S (1)
- Rundén-Pran, E. (1)
- Rus, J. (1)
- Russell, A. E. (1)
- Rybinska-Fryca, A. (1)
- Röhsler, Andreas (1)
- Römer, G. R. B. E. (1)
- Rühle, Bastian (1)
- Saarimäki, L. A. (1)
- Sachse, A. (1)
- Saggiomo, V. (1)
- Sahre, Mario (1)
- Sajulga, R. (1)
- Saleh, Maysoon I. (1)
- Salge, M. (1)
- Saliwan Neumann, Romeo (1)
- Saloga, Patrick E. J. (1)
- Salz, D. (1)
- Samtsevich, A. (1)
- Sanabria, N. (1)
- Sanabria, S. J. (1)
- Sancey, L. (1)
- Santos, C.I.L. (1)
- Santos, J. L. M. (1)
- Sarhan, R. M. (1)
- Sarimveis, H. (1)
- Schalau, Bernd (1)
- Schaumann, P. (1)
- Schedler, U. (1)
- Scheliga, F. (1)
- Schellenberger, E. (1)
- Scherb, T. (1)
- Scheuerlein, C. (1)
- Scheuschner, Nils (1)
- Schiavon, M.A. (1)
- Schiebenhoefer, H. (1)
- Schilde, C. (1)
- Schlick-Hasper, Eva (1)
- Schmack, R. (1)
- Schmid, H.-J. (1)
- Schmidt, O. G. (1)
- Schmitt, C. N. Z. (1)
- Schneider, J. (1)
- Schneider, M. (1)
- Schneider, Rudolf (1)
- Schnepp, Z. (1)
- Scholtz, Lena (1)
- Schoppa, André (1)
- Schott, J. (1)
- Schramm, A. (1)
- Schrey, S. D. (1)
- Schröder, V. (1)
- Schröfl, C. (1)
- Schubert, M. (1)
- Schuessler, J. A. (1)
- Schuessler, J.A. (1)
- Schukar, Marcus (1)
- Schultz, Michael (1)
- Schulz, Wencke (1)
- Schulze, D. (1)
- Schulze, Dietmar (1)
- Schumann, Jette (1)
- Schuppan, D. (1)
- Schutter, Jan David (1)
- Schwaar, Timm (1)
- Schwabe, M. (1)
- Schwaminger, S. (1)
- Schwanke, Christoph (1)
- Schäberle, T. F. (1)
- Schönauer-Kamin, D. (1)
- Schürmann, K. (1)
- Schütter, J. D. (1)
- Schütter, Jan David (1)
- Secrieru, E. (1)
- Seeger, J. (1)
- Seeger, Stefan (1)
- Segata, N. (1)
- Sehr, C. (1)
- Seifert, S. (1)
- Seitz, H. (1)
- Seitz, M. (1)
- Sekitani, T. (1)
- Selbmann, L. (1)
- Sellergren, B. (1)
- Serra, A. (1)
- Serra, J. M. (1)
- Shah, F. A. (1)
- Shah, F.U. (1)
- Shearing, P. (1)
- Shearing, P. R. (1)
- Shelest, E. (1)
- Shevchuk, I. (1)
- Shimizu, N. (1)
- Shinde, S. (1)
- Siegel, J. (1)
- Sikk, L. (1)
- Silbernagl, Dorothee (1)
- Simon, Fabian (1)
- Sizova, I. (1)
- Skipp, Paul (1)
- Skovhus, T. L. (1)
- Skroblin, D. (1)
- Smiatek, J. (1)
- Smol, M. (1)
- Soares, J. X. (1)
- Soivio, K. (1)
- Somerville, V. (1)
- Sommer, Konstantin (1)
- Sommerfeld, Thomas (1)
- Somsen, C. (1)
- Souza, E. M. (1)
- Sowietzki, D. (1)
- Sowoidnich, T. (1)
- Sparnacci, K. (1)
- Spindler, H. (1)
- Spohn, M. (1)
- Staal, B. (1)
- Stabile, L. (1)
- Stajich, J. E. (1)
- Stegemann, A.-K. (1)
- Steglich, P. (1)
- Stephan, Ina (1)
- Stephan, S. (1)
- Sterflinger, K. (1)
- Strangfeld, Christoph (1)
- Strasser, Peter (1)
- Straße, Anne (1)
- Strohhäcker, J. (1)
- Strzalka, R. (1)
- Sukhanova, A. (1)
- Sun, Z. (1)
- Surmenev, R. (1)
- Surmeneva, M. (1)
- Suzuki, N. (1)
- Svecova, L. (1)
- Svendsen, C. (1)
- Sydow, B. (1)
- Szczepaniak, Mariusz (1)
- Sänger, Johanna Christiane (1)
- Söftje, M. (1)
- Tafintseva, V. (1)
- Takagi, H. (1)
- Takeya, R. (1)
- Talebi, N. (1)
- Tamm, K. (1)
- Tantardini, C. (1)
- Taparli, Ugur Alp (1)
- Tatzel, Michael (1)
- Tengattini, A. (1)
- Terborg, R. (1)
- Ternes, T. (1)
- Tesei, D. (1)
- Thewes, R. (1)
- Thomas, Sebastian (1)
- Thome, P. (1)
- Thummerer, G. (1)
- Thöne-Reineke, C. (1)
- Thöns, Sebastian (1)
- Tiitta, M. (1)
- Tiitta, V. (1)
- Ting, V. P. (1)
- Tjaden, B. (1)
- Toche, F. (1)
- Tomiak, F. (1)
- Tomppo, L. (1)
- Torresi, R. (1)
- Toth, I. (1)
- Tougaard, S. (1)
- Trampel, R. (1)
- Trappe, Volker (1)
- Trofimov, Anton (1)
- Tropsha, A. (1)
- Tsiros, P. (1)
- Tsoumanis, A. (1)
- Tu, Z. (1)
- Uemura, T. (1)
- Undisz, A. (1)
- Unger, Jörg F. (1)
- Urbaniak, T. (1)
- Usman, H. (1)
- Uvang, R. (1)
- U’Ren, J. M. (1)
- Vaajasaari, K. (1)
- Vaishampayan, A. (1)
- Valcke, S. L. A. (1)
- Valentin, J. (1)
- Valentino, S. (1)
- Valsami-Jones, E. (1)
- Vandrich, Jasmina (1)
- Vanhaecke, F. (1)
- Varadarajan, A. (1)
- Varese, G. C. (1)
- Varsou, D. D. (1)
- Vasarevičius, S. (1)
- Velasco-Vélez, Juan-Jesús (1)
- Velders, A. H. (1)
- Vernes, A. (1)
- Vicente, V. A. (1)
- Vocke, R. D. (1)
- Vogel, H. (1)
- Voigt, A.-L. (1)
- Voigt, Oliver (1)
- Volvenko, S. (1)
- Vázquez-Campos, X. (1)
- Völker, Christoph (1)
- Wagner, M. (1)
- Wagner, O. (1)
- Walker, A. K. (1)
- Wallau, Wilma (1)
- Wander, Lukas (1)
- Wang, Bin (1)
- Wang, J. (1)
- Wang, M. (1)
- Wang, Q. (1)
- Wang, Shu (1)
- Wang, Xin (1)
- Wasmuth, Karsten (1)
- Webb, J. (1)
- Weber, A. (1)
- Weber, Kathrin (1)
- Wegner, R. (1)
- Weidemann, Jens (1)
- Weigel, S. (1)
- Weigert, Florian (1)
- Weimann, T. (1)
- Weise, B. (1)
- Weise, Frank (1)
- Weiskopf, N. (1)
- Welter, T. (1)
- West, J. (1)
- Weth, A. (1)
- Widera, D. (1)
- Wielsch, N. (1)
- Wiesner, M. (1)
- Wight, D. J. (1)
- Wilbig, Janka (1)
- Wilhelm, M. (1)
- Wilke, Marco (1)
- Wilke, Olaf (1)
- Wilken, U. (1)
- Willbold, S. (1)
- Willighagen, E. (1)
- Wilsch, Gerd (1)
- Winkler, D. (1)
- Winnefeld, F. (1)
- Wirth, Thomas (1)
- Witt, Angelika (1)
- Wittenzellner, J. (1)
- Wittstock, G. (1)
- Wittwer, Philipp (1)
- Wohlleben, W. (1)
- Wohlrab, S. (1)
- Wolf, M. (1)
- Wolff, Dietmar (1)
- Wolny, J. (1)
- Wonneberger, R. (1)
- Wu, Y.T. (1)
- Wurm, F. R. (1)
- Wégner, K. (1)
- Würth, Christian (1)
- Xin, L. (1)
- Xu, W. (1)
- Xu, Z.-M. (1)
- Yagai, S. (1)
- Yahyaoui, Hamza (1)
- Yao, Jizheng (1)
- Ye, G. (1)
- Yoon, T. H. (1)
- Yoshimoto, S. (1)
- Yousef, K. P. (1)
- Yu, C.-H. (1)
- Yu, J. (1)
- Zaghdoudi, Maha (1)
- Zaidi, N. (1)
- Zalar, P. (1)
- Zang, J. W. (1)
- Zauner, M. (1)
- Zeng, F. (1)
- Zettner, Alina (1)
- Zhang, Z. (1)
- Zhang, Zhen (1)
- Zhong, J. (1)
- Zhu, Z. (1)
- Ziegler, K. (1)
- Ziesche, R. (1)
- Ziesche, R. F. (1)
- Zimmek, David (1)
- Zimmermann, B. (1)
- Zirnstein, Benjamin (1)
- Zocca, Andrea (1)
- Zosef, M. (1)
- Zumkeller, C. M. (1)
- Zuo, Y. (1)
- Zänker, Steffen (1)
- d'Acapito, F. (1)
- da Fonseca-Zang, W. A. (1)
- da Silva, A. (1)
- de Hoog, S. (1)
- de Melo Bernardino, Raphael (1)
- de Oliveira, P. F. M. (1)
- van Caneghem, J. (1)
- van Heerden, J. H. (1)
- van Zomeren, A. (1)
- van der Mei, H. (1)
- von Blanckenburg, F. (1)
- von Boehn, B. (1)
- von Bronk, T. (1)
- von Kleist, M. (1)
- von Klitzing, R. (1)
- von Randow, M. (1)
- Álvarez-Arenal, Á. (1)
- Üstündag, Ömer (1)
- Žitnik, M. (1)
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2020 (290) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (290) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Fluorescence (10)
- Additive manufacturing (9)
- MALDI-TOF MS (8)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (7)
- Lifetime (7)
- Nanoparticles (7)
- SAXS (7)
- Additive Manufacturing (6)
- Mechanical properties (6)
- Polylactide (6)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 6 Materialchemie (80)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (59)
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (48)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (39)
- 4 Material und Umwelt (36)
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (32)
- 6.3 Strukturanalytik (29)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (26)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (20)
- 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung (20)
Paper des Monats
- ja (11)
A new concept called “Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) combined with simultaneous POlyCondensation” (ROPPOC) is presented and discussed. This synthetic strategy is based on the intermediate formation of chains having two end groups that can react with each other. The ROPPOC syntheses are subdivided into three groups according to the nature of the chain ends: two ionic end groups, one ionic and one covalent chain end and a combination of two reactive covalent end groups may be involved, depending on the catalyst. The usefulness for the preparation of cyclic polymers is discussed with a review of numerous previously published examples. These examples concern to following classes of cyclic polymers: polypeptides, polyamides, polyesters, including polycarbonates, and cyclic polysiloxanes. It is demonstrated, that the results of certain ROPPOC syntheses are in contradiction to the Jacobson-Stockmayer theory. Finally, the usefulness of ROPPOCs for the detection of polydisperse catenanes is discussed.
Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are often present when processing solid targets with linearly polarized ultrashort laser pulses. The different irradiation parameters to produce them on metals, semiconductors and dielectrics have been studied extensively, identifying suitable regimes to tailor its properties for applications in the fields of optics, medicine, fluidics and tribology, to name a few. One important parameter widely present when exposing the samples to the high intensities provided by these laser pulses in air environment, that generally is not considered, is the formation of a superficial laser-induced oxide layer. In this paper, we fabricate LIPSS on a layer of the oxidation prone hard-coating material chromium nitride in order to investigate the impact of the laser-induced oxide layer on its formation. A variety of complementary surface analytic techniques were employed, revealing morphological, chemical and structural characteristics of well-known high-spatial frequency LIPSS (HSFL) together with a new type of low-spatial frequency LIPSS (LSFL) with an anomalous orientation parallel to the laser polarization. Based on this input, we performed finite-difference time-domain calculations considering a layered system resembling the geometry of the HSFL along with the presence of a laser-induced oxide layer. The simulations support a scenario that the new type of LSFL is formed at the interface between the laser-induced oxide layer and the non-altered material underneath. These findings suggest that LSFL structures parallel to the polarization can be easily induced in materials that are prone to oxidation.
The theory of a new calibration approach for obtaining absolute isotope ratios of multi-isotopic elements without the use of any standard has been developed. The calibration approach basically uses the difference in the instrumental isotope fractionation of two different types of mass spectrometers, leading to two different fractionation lines in a three-isotope diagram. When measuring the same sample with both mass spectrometers, the different fractionation lines have one point in common: this is the ‘true’ logarithmized isotope ratio pair of the sample. Thus, the intersection of both fractionation lines provides us with the absolute isotope ratios of the sample. This theory has been tested in practice by measuring Cd and of Pb isotope ratios in the certified reference materials BAM-I012 and NIST SRM981 by thermal ionization mass spectrometry and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry while varying the ionization conditions for both mass spectrometers. With this experiment, the theory could be verified, and absolute isotope ratios were obtained, which were metrologically compatible with the certified isotope ratios. The so-obtained absolute isotope ratios are biased by − 0.5% in average, which should be improved with further developments of the method. This calibration approach is universal, as it can be applied to all elements with three or more isotopes and it is not limited to the type of mass spectrometers applied; it can be applied as well to secondary ion mass spectrometry or others. Additionally, this approach provides information on the fractionation process itself via the triple-isotope fractionation exponent θ.
The study of van der Waals interactions plays a central role in the understanding of bonding across a range of biological, chemical and physical phenomena. The presence of van der Waals interactions can be identified through analysis of the reduced density gradient, a fundamental parameter at the core of Density Functional Theory. An extension of Bader’s Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules is developed here through combination with the analysis of the reduced density gradient. Through this development, a new quantum chemical topological tool is presented: the volumetric source function.
This technique allows insight into the atomic composition of van der Waals interactions, offering the first route towards applying the highly successful source function to these disperse interactions. A new algorithm has been implemented in the open-source code, CRITIC2, and tested on acetone, adipic and maleic acids molecular crystals, each stabilized by van der Waals interactions. This novel technique for studying van der Waals interactions at an atomic level offers unprecedented opportunities in the fundamental study of intermolecular interactions and molecular design for crystal engineering, drug design and bio-macromolecular processes.
Phosphorus (P) recovery from sewage sludge ash (SSA) is one of the most promising approaches of phosphate rock substitution in mineral fertilizers and might be a sustainable way to secure supply of this raw material in the future. In the current investigation, the process of thermochemical treatment of SSA was applied to SSA coming from selected mono-incineration plants of municipal sewage sludge in Poland (Cracow, Gdansk, Gdynia, Lodz, Kielce and Szczecin).
The Polish SSA was thermochemically converted in the presence of sodium (Na) additives and a reducing agent (dried sewage sludge) to obtain secondary raw materials for the production of marketable P fertilizers. The process had a positive impact on the bioavailability of phosphorus and reduced the content of heavy metals in the obtained products. The P solubility in neutral Ammonium citrate, an indicator of its bioavailability, was significantly raised from 19.7–45.7% in the raw ashes and 76.5–100% in the thermochemically treated SSA. The content of nutrients in the recyclates was in the range of 15.7–19.2% P2O5, 10.8–14.2% CaO, 3.5–5.4% Na2O, 2.6–3.6% MgO and 0.9–1.3% K2O. The produced fertilizer raw materials meet the Polish norms for trace elements covered by the legislation: the content of lead was in the range 10.2–73.1 mg/kg, arsenic 4.8–22.7 mg/kg, Cadmium 0.9–2.8 mg/kg and mercury <0.05 mg/kg. Thus, these products could be potentially directly used for fertilizer production. This work also includes an analysis of the possibilities of using ashes for fertilizer purposes in Poland, based on the assumptions indicated in the adopted strategic and planning documents regarding waste management and fertilizer production.
Herzel, Hannes ; Grevel, K.-D. ; Emmerling, Franziska ; Dachs, E. ; Benisek, A. ; Adam, Christian ; Majzlan, J.
Calcium alkali phosphates Ca(Na,K)PO4 are main constituents of bioceramics and thermochemically produced phosphorus fertilizers because of their bioavailability. Sparse thermodynamic data are available for the endmembers CaNaPO4 and CaKPO4. In this work, the missing data were determined for the low-temperature phase modifications of the endmembers CaNaPO4 and CaKPO4 and three intermediate Ca(Na,K)PO4 compositions. Standard enthalpy of formation ranges from - 2018.3 ± 2.2 kJ mol-1 to - 2030.5 ± 2.1 kJ mol-1 and standard entropy from 137.2 ± 1.0 J mol-1 K-1 to 148.6 ± 1.0 J mol-1 K-1 from sodium endmember b-CaNaPO4 to potassium endmember b0-CaKPO4.
Thermodynamic functions are calculated up to 1400 K for endmembers and the sodium-rich intermediate phase b-Ca(Na0.93K0.07)PO4. Functions above 640 K are extrapolated because of the phase transition from low- to high-temperature phase. Impurities in the synthesized intermediate phases c-Ca(Na0.4K0.6)PO4 and c-Ca Na0.35K0.65)PO4 and one additional phase transition around 500 K impeded the determination of high-temperature thermodynamic functions. In general, data for phase transition temperatures agree with the previously reported phase diagrams.
Yu, C.-H. ; Peng, R. L. ; Luzin, V. ; Sprengel, Maximilian ; Calmunger, M. ; Lundgren, J.-E. ; Brodin, H. ; Kromm, Arne ; Moverare, J.
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of Ni-based superalloys shows great potential for high temperature applications, for example, as a burner repair application for gas turbines where the thin-walled structure is important. It motivates this work to investigate the evolution of microstructure and the anisotropic mechanical behavior when plate-like specimens are built with a thickness from 4 mm down to 1 mm. By performing texture analysis using neutron diffraction, a clear transition in fiber texture from <011> to <001> is indicated when the specimen becomes thinner. The residual stress shows no thickness dependence, and at the subsurface the residual stress reaches the same level as the yield strength. Due to the rough as-built surface, a roughness compensation method for mechanical properties of thin-walled structures is outlined and demonstrated. Tensile tests from room temperature up to 700 ◦C have been carried out. Anisotropic mechanical behavior is found at all temperatures, which is strongly related to the anisotropic texture evolution. Stronger texture evolution and grain rotations are discovered when the tensile loading is applied along the building direction. The mechanical behavior has been compared to a wrought material, where the high dislocation density and the subgrain structure of the LPBF material result in a higher yield strength. Combining the statistical texture analysis by neutron diffraction with mechanical testing, EBSD grain orientation mapping and the investigation of dislocation structures using transmission electron microscopy, this work illustrates the significance of texture for the thin-wall effect and anisotropic mechanical behavior of LPBF materials.
Relaxation phenomena observed in the electrical low-frequency range (approximately 1 mHz-10 kHz) of natural porous media like sandstones is often assumed to be directly related to the dominant (modal) pore throat sizes measured, for instance, with mercury intrusion porosimetry. Attempts to establish a universally valid relationship between pore size and peak Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) relaxation time have failed, considering sandstones from very different origins and featuring great variations in textural and chemical compositions as well as in geometrical pore space properties. In addition working with characteristic relaxation times determined in Cole-Cole or Debye decomposition fits to build the relationship have not been successful. In particular, samples with narrow pore throats are often characterized by long SIP relaxation times corresponding to long “characteristic length scales” in these media, assuming that the diffusion coefficients along the electrical double layer were constant. Based on these observations, three different types of SIP relaxation can be distinguished. We present a new way of assessing complex pore spaces of very different sandstones in a multi-methodical approach to combine the benefits of mercury intrusion porosimetry, micro-computed tomography, and nuclear magnetic resonance. In this way, we achieve much deeper insight into the pore space due to the different resolutions and sensitivities of the applied methods to both pore constrictions (throats) and wide pores (pore bodies). We experimentally quantify pore aspect ratios and volume distributions within the two pore regions. We clearly observe systematic differences between three SIP relaxation types identified previously and can attribute the SIP peak relaxation times to measured characteristic length scales within our materials. We highlight selected results for a total of nine sandstones. It seems that SIP relaxation behavior depends on the size difference of the narrow pore throats to the wide pore bodies, which increases from SIP Type 1 to Type 3.
Transparent dispersions of hydrophobic SrF2 :Eu3+ nanoparticles in cyclohexane with up to 20% europium were obtained by fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis followed by Phase transfer into cyclohexane through capping with sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). The particles were characterized by TEM, XRD and DLS as spherical objects with a diameter between 6 and 11 nm in dry state. 1H-13CP MAS NMR experiments revealed the binding of the anionic sulfonate head group to the particle surface. The particles show bright red luminescence upon excitation of the aromatic capping agents, acting as antennas for an Energy transfer from the benzenesulfonate unit to the Eu3+ centers in the particles. This synthesis method overcomes the current obstacle of the fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis that transparent dispersions can be obtained directly only in hydrophilic solvents. To demonstrate the potential of such hydrophobized alkaline-earth fluoride particles, transparent luminescent organic-inorganic composites with 10% SrF2 :Eu3+ embedded into polyTEGDMA, polyBMA, poly-BDDMA and polyD3MA, respectively, were prepared, endowing the polymers with the luminescence features of the nanoparticles.
Wurzler, Nina ; Schütter, J. D. ; Wagner, R. ; Dimper, M. ; Lützenkirchen-Hecht, D. ; Özcan Sandikcioglu, Özlem
This paper reports results from in situ electrochemical X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) studies of the corrosion processes on model thin iron films in the presence of iron reducing bacteria Shewanella putrefaciens. Here we investigate the electrochemical activity of two cultures grown in the presence and absence of Fe(III) citrate in the culture medium. The XANES spectra and the OCP data of the Fe sample incubated with the culture grown in absence of Fe(III) did not show any significant changes during twenty hours of monitoring. In the case of the culture grown in Fe(III) containing medium, an accelerated dissolution of the iron film was observed together with the formation of a mixed Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxide surface layer. The open circuit potential (OCP) steadily approached the free corrosion potential of iron in neutral chloride containing electrolytes, indicating a continuous dissolution process without passivation.