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Corrosive geothermal brines are a major challenge to geothermal power-plants. For cost reasons, plant designers favorize low alloyed steels, e.g., carbon steel, which are susceptible to uniform and localized corrosion when exposed to geothermal brines having acidic and saline properties. To solve such problem, coatings or inhibitors would be a protective solution as an alternative to the use of high alloyed materials.
This study investigated a coating system consisting of polyaniline/silicon dioxide basing on locally available resources. Protection against corrosion of carbon steel is shown by long-term exposure and electrochemical tests of coated carbon steels, performed in an artificial acidic and saline geothermal brine, comparable to real conditions at a site in Indonesia.
Therefore, an integrated coating system is presented for corrosion protection, combining the electro-chemical functionality of polyaniline and the physical advantages of silica.
The screening of coatings shows that the modification by adding individual pigment was not sufficient to protect carbon steel even during a short-term exposure, indicated by the discoloration after only seven days of exposure.
Electrochemical tests indicated that the coating cathodically protects carbon steel or slows down the corrosion reaction.
A long-term exposure test confirmed that the PANI/SiO2 modified coating successfully protects the carbon steel in the Sibayak artificial geothermal water at 150 °C for 6 months.
The fire-induced spalling behaviour of concretes has a huge effect on the fire resistance of concrete components. Therefore, fire performance must be taken into account in the design and dimensioning of concrete structures. The use of new types of concrete and different types of cement or binder must also be considered. Despite decades of research, the mechanisms underlying the spalling phenomenon are not yet fully understood. However, knowledge about these mechanisms is the prerequisite for predicting the spalling behaviour as accurately as possible.
Experimental research from material characterisation on the micro scale up to full-sized fire tests as well as the simulation and modelling of fire-induced damage processes offer the opportunity to investigate the spalling behaviour of concrete. Thereby, a variety of influencing parameters must be regarded. Against this background, the effect of avoidance strategies can be evaluated.
Since 2009, the International Workshop on Concrete Spalling due to Fire Exposure (IWCS) offers a platform to get in touch with researchers and practitioners, exchange the latest research results and newly acquired data from real fire scenarios, and discuss current developments in the field of concrete spalling. After the successful workshops in Leipzig (Germany), Delft (Netherlands), Paris (France), Borås (Sweden) and Sheffield (United Kingdom), the 7th International Workshop IWCS took place in Berlin at BAM. It provided insights into the work of two RILEM Technical Committees. Based on this, various results of screening tests and large-scale tests for the assessment of the fire-induced spalling behaviour of concretes were presented, taking into account a large number of influencing parameters. Further topics of the workshop were the analysis of the mechanisms for the spalling phenomenon as well as the modelling and simulation of the spalling processes. A large part of the workshop was devoted to the high-temperature behaviour of various types of concrete.
The workshop was dedicated to Prof. Diederichs, who passed away on 20 January 2022. With his death, the spalling community lost an internationally renowned expert in the field of fire behaviour of concrete and reinforced concrete components. He played a decisive role in the design of all previous RILEM TCs on the high temperature and fire behaviour of concretes and reinforced concrete components.
In this paper, a cost-efficient distributed fiber optic measurement system based on Rayleigh scattering is presented. The distributed digital incoherent optical frequency domain reflectometry (I-OFDR) method is developed for detection of significantly large strain in the range from 3 % up to 10 % as required by end users. For this purpose, a vector network analyzer used in the I-OFDR is replaced by a compact and cost-effective digital data acquisition system. This digital emitting/receiving unit enables the recording of the complex transfer function carrying information about the local deformations along the entire sensing fiber.
The evaluation of thermal properties is probably an underrated tool for the onsite health monitoring of concrete structures. The photothermal approach offers a possibility to realize a real onsite measurement. This contribution presents the application of the photothermal approach under lab conditions on three different concrete types. The obtained results were compared with those of a commercial device based on the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method. Both agreed well within the estimated uncertainty ranges and therefore demonstrate the applicability of the photothermal method for this kind of investigations. First results of a concrete sample with different water contents support the potential of this method for the characterization of concrete in general.
Diese Präsentation stellt die Ergebnisse des abgeschlossenen WIPANO Vorhabens "Spannstahlsicherheit" vor, welches von der BAM in Kooperation mit dem Stahlwerks Annahütte und der Max Aicher GmbH bearbeitet wird. Es werden die Projektziele näher beleuchtet und verschiedentliche Highlights der erzielten Untersuchungsergebnisse vorgestellt.