5 Werkstofftechnik
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Vortrag (460)
- Zeitschriftenartikel (416)
- Posterpräsentation (116)
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (76)
- Forschungsdatensatz (27)
- Buchkapitel (11)
- Dissertation (10)
- Forschungsbericht (7)
- Sonstiges (5)
- Sammelband (Herausgeberschaft für den kompletten Band) (3)
Sprache
- Englisch (965)
- Deutsch (160)
- Mehrsprachig (9)
- Französisch (2)
- Russisch (1)
Schlagworte
- Additive Manufacturing (67)
- Additive manufacturing (61)
- Corrosion (57)
- Microstructure (44)
- Glass (40)
- Ontology (39)
- Creep (35)
- Fatigue (30)
- Transmission electron microscopy (30)
- EBSD (28)
- Degradation (19)
- Sintering (19)
- CCS (18)
- Ceramics (18)
- Crack growth (18)
- Crystallization (17)
- Residual stress (17)
- LCF (16)
- Steel (16)
- 316L (15)
- Ontologie (15)
- Additive Fertigung (14)
- Ceramic (14)
- Oxidation (14)
- High entropy alloys (13)
- Ti-6Al-4V (13)
- High temperature corrosion (12)
- Machine Learning (12)
- Nanoparticles (12)
- Aging (11)
- Aluminium (11)
- CCUS (11)
- Carbon steel (11)
- Electron microscopy (11)
- Fraktographie (11)
- Mechanical properties (11)
- Particle size (11)
- Scanning electron microscopy (11)
- 3D printing (10)
- Alloy 2618A (10)
- CALPHAD (10)
- CO2 (10)
- Coarsening (10)
- Crystal plasticity (10)
- FAIR (10)
- Fractography (10)
- Glas (10)
- High entropy alloy (10)
- Low Cycle Fatigue (10)
- Neutron diffraction (10)
- SEM (10)
- Simulation (10)
- AISI 316L (9)
- DCB (9)
- Diffraction (9)
- Digitalization (9)
- EN AW-2618A (9)
- Glass fiber reinforced polymers (9)
- Impurities (9)
- Laser powder bed fusion (9)
- Mikrostruktur (9)
- Slurry (9)
- Thermoelectrics (9)
- VSSA (9)
- Water speciation (9)
- X-ray diffraction (9)
- AGIL (8)
- Alumina (8)
- Digitalisierung (8)
- Geothermal (8)
- High-temperature corrosion (8)
- Hydrogen (8)
- Kriechen (8)
- Martensitic steel (8)
- Nickel-base superalloys (8)
- S-phase (8)
- Semantic Web Technologies (8)
- Sulfidation (8)
- TEM (8)
- Aluminium alloy (7)
- Anisotropy (7)
- Damage (7)
- Heat treatment (7)
- Layerwise slurry deposition (7)
- Mechanical testing (7)
- Plattform MaterialDigital (7)
- Powder (7)
- Semantic Interoperability (7)
- Soda-lime silicate glass (7)
- Thermomechanical fatigue (7)
- Vickers (7)
- Water content (7)
- Zugversuch (7)
- Bioactive glass (6)
- CO2 quality (6)
- Composite (6)
- Computed Tomography (6)
- Data Interoperability (6)
- Environmental stress cracking (6)
- Foaming (6)
- Full Notch Creep Test (6)
- HIP (6)
- In situ (6)
- Knowledge Representation (6)
- LTCC (6)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (6)
- Lattice parameters (6)
- Metallic glasses (6)
- Nano powder (6)
- P92 (6)
- Plasticity (6)
- Polymer (6)
- Residual Stress (6)
- Robotic melting (6)
- Sandwich (6)
- Schadensanalyse (6)
- Schädigung (6)
- Selective laser melting (6)
- Superalloy (6)
- Supercritical/dense phase CO2 (6)
- TMF (6)
- Viscosity (6)
- Wind turbine blades (6)
- Alterung (5)
- Betriebsfestigkeit (5)
- CCU (5)
- Carbon capture (5)
- Carbon steels (5)
- Creep behavior (5)
- Dark-field transmission electron microscopy (DFTEM) (5)
- Data mapping (5)
- Diesel (5)
- Diffusion (5)
- Dislocation (5)
- Droplet corrosion (5)
- Electron backscatter diffraction (5)
- Environmental stress cracking (ESC) (5)
- FAIR data (5)
- FAIR data management (5)
- Fe-Al alloys (5)
- Fracture (5)
- High alloyed steel (5)
- High-density polyethylene (5)
- Inconel 686 (5)
- Intermetallics (5)
- Iron aluminides (5)
- Keramik (5)
- Knowledge graph and ontologies (5)
- Lebensdauer (5)
- Microgravity (5)
- Mikroplastik (5)
- Modeling (5)
- Nanoindentation (5)
- Non-destructive testing (5)
- Normung (5)
- PMD Core Ontology (5)
- Phase-field simulation (5)
- Pipeline (5)
- Pipeline network (5)
- Polymer matrix composites (5)
- Reference data (5)
- Sample preparation (5)
- Shear modulus (5)
- Stress relaxation (5)
- Superaustenite steel (5)
- Tensile Test (5)
- Tensile testing (5)
- Texture (5)
- ToF-SIMS (5)
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (5)
- Vickers indentation (5)
- Wissensrepräsentation (5)
- Workflow (5)
- X-ray refraction (5)
- Young's modulus (5)
- 3D-printing (4)
- AISI 304L (4)
- Alkali ions (4)
- Alkali zinc borate glasses (4)
- Aluminum alloys (4)
- Bildanalyse (4)
- Binder Jetting (4)
- Brinell hardness (4)
- Calcination (4)
- Calcium cobaltite (4)
- Carbon capture storage (4)
- Carbon dioxide (4)
- Characterization (4)
- Chemically complex alloy (4)
- Coating (4)
- Composites (4)
- Compositionally complex alloys (4)
- Concrete (4)
- Crack propagation (4)
- Crack tip opening displacement (4)
- Creep-fatigue (4)
- Crystal orientation (4)
- Data Fusion (4)
- Data Space (4)
- Deuterium (4)
- EXAFS (4)
- Elastic modulus (4)
- Environmental Stress Cracking (4)
- Ermüdung (4)
- Fatigue crack growth (4)
- Finite element analysis (4)
- Fracture surface (4)
- Fracture toughness (4)
- Full-Notch Creep Test (FNCT) (4)
- GD-OES (4)
- Gassensorik (4)
- High Cycle Fatigue (4)
- High temperature (4)
- High-entropy alloy (4)
- High-entropy alloys (4)
- IN718 (4)
- In-space manufacturing (4)
- Inconel 718 (4)
- Internal friction (4)
- Kikuchi patterns (4)
- Low cycle fatigue (4)
- Martensite (4)
- Mechanical behavior (4)
- Metallic glass (4)
- Microplastics (4)
- Microstrucrue Design (4)
- Microstructural characterization (4)
- Microstructure Design (4)
- Microstructure evolution (4)
- Molecular dynamics (4)
- NTE (4)
- Nano (4)
- Nano-powder (4)
- Ni-Resist (4)
- Orientation (4)
- Oxidglas (4)
- PE-HD (4)
- Pattern matching (4)
- Pitting (4)
- Plastic deformation (4)
- Plattform Material Digital (4)
- Polyaniline (4)
- Precipitation (4)
- Raman spectroscopy (4)
- Recommendations (4)
- Reproducibility (4)
- Roughness (4)
- SIMS (4)
- Scale-bridging (4)
- Scarf repairs (4)
- Self-healing (4)
- Single crystal (4)
- Spectroscopy (4)
- Spray drying (4)
- Surface (4)
- Surface energy (4)
- TED-GC-MS (4)
- Tensile Test Ontology (4)
- Tensile test (4)
- Thermomechanics (4)
- Ultrasound (4)
- Virtual experiments (4)
- Welding (4)
- Whole-chain CCS scenario (4)
- XRD (4)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (4)
- Zirconia (4)
- 3D (3)
- 3D-Printing (3)
- Ab-initio (3)
- Advanced ceramics (3)
- Aluminium Alloy (3)
- Binder jetting (3)
- Bioceramics (3)
- Biodiesel (3)
- CFK (3)
- CLS (3)
- Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (3)
- Carbon fibres (3)
- Cement (3)
- Ceramic spring (3)
- Computed tomography (3)
- Corrosion Fatigue (3)
- Corrosion fatigue (3)
- Coulomb explosion (3)
- Crack (3)
- Crack Propagation (3)
- Crack evolution (3)
- Crack healing (3)
- Creep data (3)
- Dark-field transmission electron microscopy (3)
- Datenbank (3)
- Defects (3)
- Destabilization (3)
- Dielectric breakdown (3)
- Dielectric strength (3)
- Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (3)
- Digital image correlation (3)
- Digitaler Zwilling (3)
- Digtial Representation (3)
- Diopside (3)
- Elastic constants (3)
- Electron Backscatter Diffraction (3)
- Electronic Lab Notebook (3)
- FIB (3)
- Ferritic-martensitic steels (3)
- Fracture Toughness (3)
- Fracture mechanics (3)
- Fracture surface analysis (3)
- Full notch creep test (FNCT) (3)
- GFRP (3)
- General Materials Science (3)
- Glass ceramic (3)
- Glass powder (3)
- Glass transition (3)
- Glass-ceramic (3)
- Glass-ceramics (3)
- Gold nanoparticles (3)
- Grain boundaries (3)
- Grain boundary (3)
- Grain boundary engineering (3)
- H2Safety@BAM (3)
- Hardness (3)
- High Entropy Alloy (3)
- High temperature mechanical properties (3)
- IN 718 (3)
- ISRU (3)
- In situ tensile test (3)
- Infrarotspektroskopie (3)
- Interfacial strength (3)
- Interoperability (3)
- Inverted classroom (3)
- Iron (3)
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (3)
- Kikuchi diffraction (3)
- Kikuchi pattern (3)
- Knowledge graph (3)
- Korrosion (3)
- Laser (3)
- Laser ablation in liquid (3)
- Laser beam melting (3)
- Laser cladding (3)
- Laser scanning microscopy (LSM) (3)
- Lattice misfit (3)
- Layerwise Slurry Deposition (3)
- Lightweight materials (3)
- Lithium Ion Batteries (3)
- Luftultraschall (3)
- ML (3)
- Mechanical Engineering (3)
- Mechanics of Materials (3)
- Mechanische Eigenschaften (3)
- Metadata schema (3)
- Microhardness (3)
- Microstructure analysis (3)
- Multilayer (3)
- NMR spectroscopy (3)
- Nanomaterials (3)
- Nickel-based superalloys (3)
- Ontologies (3)
- Oxide Glasses (3)
- PBF-LB/M/316L (3)
- PMD (3)
- PMDco (3)
- Permeability (3)
- Phase transformations (3)
- Phase-field (3)
- Polyethylene (3)
- Porosity (3)
- Pressure-assisted sintering (3)
- Pulveraktivkohle (3)
- REM (3)
- Referenzdaten (3)
- Relaxation (3)
- Research Data Management (3)
- Residual Stresses (3)
- Residual stresses (3)
- Rotor blade (3)
- Röntgenrefraktion (3)
- S-Phase (3)
- SLM (3)
- Scintillators (3)
- Selective Laser Melting (3)
- Semantic Data (3)
- Semantic Web (3)
- Shape-memory alloys (3)
- SiO2 (3)
- Silicate Glasses (3)
- Silicon Carbide (3)
- Single-crystals (3)
- Slow crack growth (SCG) (3)
- Sol-gel (3)
- Sol-gel coating (3)
- Solid-state (3)
- Solubility (3)
- Stress intensity factor (3)
- Sulfiding (3)
- Superalloys (3)
- Superlegierung (3)
- Surface crystallization (3)
- Syngle Crystal alloy (3)
- TDEP (3)
- Temperature (3)
- Tempered Martensite Ferritic Steels (3)
- Tempered martensite-ferritic steel (3)
- Tensile data (3)
- Thermal expansion (3)
- Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue (3)
- Thermogravimetrie (3)
- Titanium (3)
- Titanium oxide (3)
- Topography (3)
- UV-irradiation (3)
- Utilization (3)
- Vickers hardness (3)
- Viscoplasticity (3)
- Wasser (3)
- Wind energy (3)
- Wind turbine blade shells (3)
- Windenergie (3)
- µ-gravity (3)
- μ-gravity (3)
- 3D Druck (2)
- AM (2)
- Additiv gefertigter Stahl (2)
- Adiabatic calorimeter (2)
- Ageing (2)
- Agglomerates (2)
- Aggressive environment (2)
- Air-coupled ultrasonic testing (2)
- Airborne ultrasonic testing (2)
- Al-Cu-Li alloys (2)
- Al2O3 (2)
- Alloy design (2)
- Aluminosilicate glasses (2)
- Aluminum (2)
- Aluminum alloy (2)
- Analysis (2)
- Analytische Zentrifuge (2)
- Annealing (2)
- Aquifer (2)
- Atom probe tomography (2)
- Austenitic stainless steel (2)
- Austenitic steel 316L (2)
- Automation (2)
- Bacteria (2)
- Belebtschlamm (2)
- Biaxial strength (2)
- Bio Ceramics (2)
- Bioactive Glass (2)
- Bioactivity (2)
- Biofilm (2)
- Bond energy (2)
- Bone regeneration (2)
- Brittle fracture (2)
- Bruchflächen (2)
- Bulk metallic glasses (2)
- CO2-storage (2)
- CT (2)
- Calciumcobaltit (2)
- Calciummanganat (2)
- Capture (2)
- Carbon (2)
- Carbon capture and storage (2)
- Carbon storage (2)
- Casting (2)
- CeO2 (2)
- Ceramic multilayer (2)
- Ceria (2)
- Chemo-mechanical coupling (2)
- Chromium oxide (2)
- Coatings (2)
- Condensate (2)
- Condensation (2)
- Continnum damage model (2)
- Copper (2)
- Copper alloys (2)
- Corrosion resistance (2)
- CrCoNi (2)
- CrMnFeCoNi (2)
- Crack propagation analysis (2)
- Creep-Fatigue (2)
- Crevice corrosion (2)
- Crop protection products (2)
- Cross linking (2)
- Cure process (2)
- Cyclic softening (2)
- DLS (2)
- Data Management (2)
- Data Structures (2)
- Data analysis (2)
- Data management (2)
- Dataset (2)
- Debinding (2)
- Deep Learning (2)
- Dehnungsfehler (2)
- Density (2)
- Density-based Phase-Field Modelling (2)
- Density-based Thermodynamics (2)
- Density-based model (2)
- Densty-based Thermodynamics (2)
- Dental (2)
- Depth-profiling (2)
- Dielectric properties (2)
- Diffraction Elastic Constants (2)
- Diffraction contrast (2)
- Diffusion coefficient (2)
- Digital material representation (2)
- Digital representation (2)
- Digitization (2)
- Diopsid (2)
- Dislocations (2)
- Dispersion process (2)
- Distribution function (2)
- Ductile iron (2)
- Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) (2)
- EDX (2)
- EDXRD (2)
- Early oxidation (2)
- Elastic microstructure (2)
- Elasticity (2)
- Electron beam induced modification (2)
- Electron beam-induced fragmentation (2)
- Electron diffraction (2)
- Electron energy (2)
- Electron-beam-induced modification (2)
- Energy distribution (2)
- Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) (2)
- Environmentally assisted cracking (2)
- Epoxy (2)
- Erneuerbare Energien (2)
- Extensometer (2)
- FAIR Data Management (2)
- Fahrrad (2)
- Faser-Kunststoff-Verbunde (2)
- Faserkunststoffverbunde (2)
- Faseroptische Sensorik (2)
- Fatigue damage (2)
- Fatigue of sandwich shell structures (2)
- Fatigue performance (2)
- Fatigue testing (2)
- FeCr- alloys (2)
- Ferroelectret (2)
- Ferroelektret (2)
- Fiber reinforced polymer (2)
- Flowability (2)
- Fluoride phosphate glasses (2)
- Fracture Surface Analysis (2)
- Fracture surface energy (2)
- Fraktografie (2)
- Fungi (2)
- GFK (2)
- Geführte Ultraschallwellen (2)
- Gender gap (2)
- Gitterkonstanten (2)
- Glass Digital (2)
- Glass composition (2)
- Glass forming (2)
- Gold (2)
- Granules (2)
- HEA (2)
- Hard machining (2)
- Heat Treatment (2)
- High Alloyed Steel (2)
- High Entropy Alloys (2)
- High Temperature Corrosion (2)
- High Temperature Testing (2)
- Hochentropie-Legierung (2)
- Hochtemperatur (2)
- Hot pressing (2)
- Hot stage microscopy (2)
- Hydrogen permeation (2)
- IR (2)
- Imaging techniques (2)
- In-situ (2)
- Inconel 625 (2)
- Infrared spectroscopy (2)
- Infrastructure (2)
- Injection (2)
- Interface (2)
- Interfacial shear strength (2)
- Interphase (2)
- Ionic porosity (2)
- Joined nickel-based alloys (2)
- Kavitation (2)
- Keramikfeder (2)
- Kikuchi (2)
- Kleinprobenprüfung (2)
- Knowledge Graph (2)
- Kontrastierung (2)
- L-PBF (2)
- LPBF (2)
- LSD-print (2)
- Laminography (2)
- Laser Powder Bed fusion (2)
- Lattice distortion (2)
- Layerwise (2)
- Lead borate glasses (2)
- Leckdetektion (2)
- Li-ion battery (2)
- Long-term behavior (2)
- Long-term storage (2)
- Lorenz transmission electron microscopy (2)
- Lunar habitat (2)
- Lunar regolith (2)
- Lunar regolith simulant (2)
- MEA (2)
- MOUSE (2)
- Manganese oxide (2)
- Manufacturing (2)
- Mars (2)
- Martensitic transformation (2)
- Mass transport (2)
- Material Digital (2)
- Material degradation (2)
- Material digital (2)
- Materials Modelling (2)
- Materials science (2)
- Medium Entropy Alloys (2)
- Melt pool boundary (2)
- Metal seal (2)
- Metrologie zur Wasserstoffspeicherung (2)
- Micro-shrinkages (2)
- Micromechanical model (2)
- Microstructural analysis (2)
- Microstructural evolution (2)
- Microstructure and texture (2)
- Microstructure-property-correlation (2)
- Mikrostrukturentwicklung (2)
- Mixed Ca-K-Na phosphates (2)
- Mixed gas atmosphere (2)
- Mobility (2)
- Monte-Carlo Simulation (2)
- Multiaxial deformation (2)
- Multifunctional nanoparticles (2)
- Multilayer technology (2)
- Multilayertechnik (2)
- NDT (2)
- NFDI (2)
- Na and K rhenanites (2)
- Nano particle (2)
- Nano screening (2)
- Nanomaterial (2)
- Nanopulver (2)
- Nanostructure quantification (2)
- Native oxide (2)
- Neutron Diffraction (2)
- Nickel alloys (2)
- Nickel-base alloy (2)
- Niobium alloying (2)
- Notches (2)
- Nucleation (2)
- OECD TG 124 (2)
- Ontologien (2)
- Ontology development (2)
- Orientation precision (2)
- Oriented surface crystallization (2)
- Ostwald ripening (2)
- Oxidation behavior (2)
- Oxyfuel (2)
- Parametric modeling (2)
- Particle morphology (2)
- Partikelgrößenverteilung (2)
- Paving (2)
- Phase change material (2)
- Phase diagram (2)
- Phase separation (2)
- Phase transformation (2)
- Phase-Field Simulations (2)
- Phasenidentifikation (2)
- Photon counting detector (2)
- Pipelines (2)
- Polyethylen (2)
- Polyethylen hoher Dichte (2)
- Polyethylene, PE-HD (2)
- Polymer Matrix Composites (2)
- Porcelain (2)
- Pores (2)
- Preceramic polymer (2)
- Pressure assisted sintering (2)
- Probengrößeneffekt (2)
- Process monitoring (2)
- Protective coating (2)
- Präparation (2)
- Push-out Test (2)
- Quasicrystal (2)
- Rapid solidification (2)
- Ratio refinement (2)
- Reaction sintering (2)
- Reaction-sintering (2)
- Recycling (2)
- Reference material (2)
- Refractory high entropy alloys (2)
- Ressidual stress (2)
- Review (2)
- Rissentwicklung (2)
- Risswachstum (2)
- Roboter (2)
- Robotische Glasschmelzanlage (2)
- Robotische Schmelzanlage (2)
- Rotorblattschalen (2)
- Round robin (2)
- Röntgen-Refraktion (2)
- Röntgenbeugung (2)
- S355 steel sheet (2)
- SAXS (2)
- Safety assessment (2)
- Salt eutectics (2)
- Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) (2)
- Schadensprävention (2)
- Schwingstreifen (2)
- Semantic Representation (2)
- Semantic web (2)
- Semantisches Web (2)
- SensRef (2)
- Sensorik (2)
- Shear bands (2)
- Short-range order (2)
- Sibayak (2)
- Silicon carbide (2)
- Silicon nanowires (2)
- Silver diffusion (2)
- Silver metallization paste (2)
- Silver nanoparticle (2)
- Silver-glass-metallization-paste (2)
- Simulation of concrete (2)
- Single-Crystal (2)
- Sinter additive (2)
- Sintering additives (2)
- Sintern (2)
- Size distribution (2)
- Slow crack growth (2)
- Small-angle scattering (2)
- Soda-lime-silica glass (2)
- Solar sintering (2)
- Sorption (2)
- Space (2)
- Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten (2)
- Spannungsriss (2)
- Spring constant (2)
- Stainless steel (2)
- Standard (2)
- Standardisierung (2)
- Standardization (2)
- Starch (2)
- Starch nanoparticle (2)
- Steels (2)
- Storage (2)
- Strength (2)
- Stress corrosion cracking (2)
- Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) (2)
- Structural steel (2)
- Struktur (2)
- Sulphidation (2)
- Superalloy single crystals (2)
- Superconducting magnet (2)
- Supercritical CO2 (2)
- Surface Energy (2)
- Surface nucleation (2)
- Surface treatments (2)
- Symmetric dwell periods (2)
- Synchrotron Tomography (2)
- Synchrotronstrahlung (2)
- Synthetic air (2)
- Temperaturschwankungen (2)
- Tensile Properties (2)
- Tensile properties (2)
- Thermal Spray (2)
- Thermal energy storage (2)
- Thermoanalyse (2)
- Thermodynamics (2)
- Thermoelectric (2)
- Thermoelectric oxide (2)
- Thermoelectric oxides (2)
- Thermoelectric properties (2)
- Thermographie (2)
- Thermography (2)
- Thermogravimetry (2)
- Thermomechanik (2)
- Thermoplastic (2)
- Thermoset polymers (2)
- Ti64 (2)
- TiAl5V4 (2)
- Titan (2)
- Topografie (2)
- Topographie (2)
- Toughness (2)
- Transmission electron microscope (TEM) (2)
- Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (2)
- Transparent ceramics (2)
- Tribologie (2)
- Two Photon Polymerization (2)
- Under cyclic loading (2)
- Upconversion (2)
- Utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology (2)
- Viscous sintering (2)
- Volume specific surface area (2)
- Wall thickness (2)
- Wandler (2)
- Water-based (2)
- Weibull Distribution (2)
- Weibull distribution (2)
- Werkstoffprüfung (2)
- Wetting (2)
- Wind turbine (2)
- Wood protection (2)
- X-Ray Diffraction (2)
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy (2)
- X-ray computed tomography (CT) (2)
- X-ray laminography (2)
- XANES (2)
- Zero-g (2)
- Zugeigenschaften (2)
- corrosion (2)
- robotische Glasschmelzanlage (2)
- Öffentliche Sicherheit (2)
- 12%Cr steel (1)
- 150 Years (1)
- 2PP (1)
- 316L stainless steel (1)
- 3D REM (1)
- 3D Reconstruction (1)
- 3D etching (1)
- 3D glass structure model (1)
- 3D imaging (1)
- 3D materialography (1)
- 3D metallography (1)
- 3D-Metallographie (1)
- 3D-finite element modeling (1)
- 4-Dimensional scanning transmission (1)
- 5G (1)
- 9-12% Cr ferritic-martensitic steels (1)
- 9-12%Cr steel (1)
- 9–12%Cr steel (1)
- AFM (1)
- AFM based test methods (1)
- ATZ (1)
- Abgasturbolader Heißteile (1)
- Abrasion (1)
- Abwasser (1)
- Accelerated integration scheme (1)
- Accelerated temporal integration (1)
- Accessible (1)
- Acid-leaching (1)
- Acids (1)
- Active thermography (1)
- Additive manufactured Ni-base superalloys (1)
- Adiabatic shear bands (1)
- Adolf Martens (1)
- Advanced high strength steels (1)
- Advanced manufacturing (1)
- Advanced wastewater treatment (1)
- Aerospace (1)
- Age hardening (1)
- Aggressive environement (1)
- Aggressive environments (1)
- Aggressive gases (1)
- Aging mechanisms (1)
- Al alloys (1)
- Al-Cu alloy (1)
- Al-Cu binary alloy system (1)
- Al-Cu-Li-alloy (1)
- Al-Li alloys (1)
- Al2CuMg (1)
- Alcium alkali phosphate (1)
- Alkali aluminosilicate glasses (1)
- Alkali and alkaline earth silicate and borate glass (1)
- Alkali zinc borate glass (1)
- Alkali-activated materials (1)
- Allgemeine Grundlagen (1)
- Alloy (1)
- Alloy 2818A (1)
- Alloy Safety (1)
- Alloy microstructure (1)
- Alloys (1)
- Alloys' Safety (1)
- Alpha-tricalcium phosphate (1)
- Alumina coatings (1)
- Alumina toughened zirconia (1)
- Aluminium alloys (1)
- Aluminiumlegierung (1)
- Aluminum Alloy Aging (1)
- Amorphization (1)
- Amorphous silica (1)
- Analyse (1)
- Analytical scanning electron microscopy (1)
- Analytical services (1)
- Analytik (1)
- Angle measurement (1)
- Anhydrite (1)
- Anticorrosion (1)
- Anwendungen (1)
- Approximant (1)
- Aquifer fluid (1)
- Artefact (1)
- Artificial weathering (1)
- Atacama Desert (1)
- Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (1)
- Atmospheric plasma spraying (1)
- Atomic packing factor (1)
- Atomistic Simulation (1)
- Atomistic simulations (1)
- Atomization (1)
- Aufbau von Festkörpern (1)
- Aussonderugnsrate (1)
- Austenite-to-martensite phase transformation (1)
- Austenitic alloys (1)
- Austenitic cast iron (1)
- Austenitic steel (1)
- Austenitischer Stahl (1)
- Automatable digital approach (1)
- Automated Bragg angle determination (1)
- Automated analysis (1)
- Automated finite element analysis (1)
- Automated image analysis (1)
- Automatische Finite Element Simulation (1)
- BCS (1)
- BET (1)
- BTEX (1)
- BTS (1)
- Bacterial attachment (1)
- Batch reactions (1)
- Beanspruchung (1)
- Behmite (1)
- Berstdruck (1)
- Bilanzierung (1)
- Bimodal distribution (1)
- Binders/binding (1)
- Bio Ceramic (1)
- Bio active ceramic (1)
- Bio-ceramic engineering (1)
- Bioactive (1)
- Bioactive bone grafting material (1)
- Bioactive glass scaffold (1)
- Bioceramic (1)
- Biogeochemical cycling (1)
- Biogeochemistry (1)
- Biomineralisation (1)
- Biopolymer (1)
- Bioresorbable (1)
- Biphasic calcium phosphate (1)
- Bitter technique (1)
- Blended learning (1)
- Blähen (1)
- Boden (1)
- Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (1)
- Borate (1)
- Borate glasses (1)
- Borosilicate glass (1)
- Bragg angles (1)
- Brass (1)
- Bravais lattice (1)
- Bravais lattices (1)
- Breakdown strength (1)
- Brittle / ductile fracture behavior (1)
- Brown-rot fungi (1)
- Brownian motion (1)
- Bruch (1)
- Bruchflächenanalyse (1)
- Bruchflächenauswertung (1)
- Bubble formation (1)
- Bundesoberbehörden (1)
- Burst (1)
- Burst test (1)
- C. lap-shear (1)
- CALPHAD database analysis (1)
- CALPHAD databases analysis (1)
- CCUS, supercritical/dense phase CO2, carbon steels, martensitic steel, superaustenite steel, droplet corrosion (1)
- CFRP (1)
- CKAN (1)
- CMSX4 (1)
- CO2 Corrosion (1)
- CO2 corrosion (1)
- CO2 pipeline transport (1)
- CO2 separation membranes (1)
- CO2-Speicherung (1)
- CO2-corrosion (1)
- Cabon capture and storage (1)
- Calcium Cobaltite (1)
- Calcium alkali orthophosphate materials (1)
- Calcium manganate (1)
- Calcium sulfates (1)
- Calculated intrinsic fracture toughness (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Cantor alloy (1)
- Carbide phase NbC (1)
- Carbidic austempered ductile iron (1)
- Carbon steels (1)
- Carbon Capture (1)
- Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) (1)
- Carbon Fibers (1)
- Carbon Fibre (1)
- Carbon capture, utilization and storage technology (1)
- Carbon fibre-reinforced-plastics (1)
- Carbon nanotubes (1)
- Casing (1)
- Catalogue of services (1)
- Cavitation (1)
- Ccs (1)
- CdTe quantum dots (1)
- Cellular substructure (1)
- Cellulose (1)
- Cement-based materials (1)
- Centrifugal casting (1)
- Centrifugal compressor wheel (1)
- Ceramic multilayers (1)
- Ceramic nano particles (1)
- Ceramic springs (1)
- Ceramics 3D printing (1)
- Cerium oxide (1)
- Certification Standard 22 (1)
- Certified Referencematerial (1)
- Cetrifugal Liquid Sedimentation CLS (1)
- Chalcogenides (1)
- Characterisation (1)
- Charpy test (1)
- Chemically Complex Alloy (1)
- Chemically complex alloys (1)
- Chemische Analyse (1)
- Chemometrics (1)
- Chemometrie (1)
- Chromatography (1)
- Chromia (1)
- Chrystal orientation (1)
- Classification (1)
- Clay ISRU (1)
- Co-axial monitoring (1)
- Co-firing (1)
- Co-segregation (1)
- Co-firings (1)
- Co2-Storage (1)
- Cobald based alloy (1)
- Coefficient of thermal expansion (1)
- Complex borides (1)
- Complex concentrated alloy (CCA) (1)
- Complex loading (1)
- Component assessment (1)
- Composite materials (1)
- Composite pressure vessels (1)
- Composite recycling (1)
- Composite structures (1)
- Composite testing (1)
- Compositionally complex alloy (1)
- Concrete 3D-printing (1)
- Condensed Matter Physics (1)
- Confined catalyst (1)
- Coniophora puteana (1)
- Contact angle (1)
- Contact fatigue (1)
- Contact mechanics (1)
- Contamination (1)
- Cooling rate (1)
- Cooling simulations (1)
- Coordinate measurement machine (1)
- Copper vacancies (1)
- Corrosion and storage (CCUS) technology (1)
- Corrosion costs (1)
- Corrosion mechanism (1)
- Corrosion pits (1)
- Corrosion protection (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- Cow stress (1)
- Coûts de la corrosion (1)
- Cr2O3 (1)
- CrN/NbN (1)
- Crack arrest (1)
- Crack growth in air (1)
- Crack initiation (1)
- Crack opening displacement (1)
- Cracks (1)
- Craze-crack mechanism (1)
- Craze–crack mechanism (1)
- Creation-relaxation algorithm (1)
- Creep anisotropy (1)
- Creep behaviour (1)
- Creep mechanisms (1)
- Creep strength (1)
- Creep under thermal cycling (1)
- Creep, Creep Rupture, and Stress Rupture (1)
- Creep-fatigue interaction (1)
- Critical energy release rate (1)
- Crop protection formulations (1)
- Cross-sectioning (1)
- Crosslinking (1)
- Cryogenic (1)
- Cryogenic cycling (1)
- Crystal Defects (1)
- Crystal Orientation (1)
- Crystal Plasticity Modelling (1)
- Crystal Texture (1)
- Crystal growth (1)
- Crystal growth velocity (1)
- Crystal lattice (1)
- Crystal lattice period (1)
- Crystal morphology (1)
- Crystalline defects (1)
- Crystallographic texture (1)
- Cubical Iron Oxide (1)
- Cubical shape (1)
- Cupriavidus metallidurans (1)
- Cuttlefish (1)
- Cycle jump (1)
- Cyclic R-Curve (1)
- Cyclic loading (1)
- Cyclic oxidation (1)
- Cyclic steam oxidation (1)
- Cytocompatibility (1)
- D. aging (1)
- D. creep D. viscoelasticity (1)
- DCB geometry (1)
- DED-L (1)
- DIN (1)
- Damage Behavior (1)
- Damage Tolerance (1)
- Damage behavior (1)
- Damage evolution (1)
- Damage mechanisms (1)
- Data Exchange (1)
- Data Integration (1)
- Data Mapping (1)
- Data format (1)
- Data fusion (1)
- Data infrastructures (1)
- Data linking (1)
- Data pipeline (1)
- Data pipeline concept (1)
- Data processing (1)
- Data space (1)
- Data storage (1)
- Data structure (1)
- Datenfusion (1)
- Datenmanagement (1)
- Datenökosystem (1)
- Debonding (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Defect detection (1)
- Defect population (1)
- Defects engineering (1)
- Defects phase diagram (1)
- Defects thermodynamics (1)
- Deformation (1)
- Deformation behavior (1)
- Deformation mechanisms (1)
- Degradation signatures (1)
- Demonstrators (1)
- Dense phase (1)
- Density-based Model (1)
- Density-based phase-field modelling (1)
- Dental ceramics (1)
- Dentine (1)
- Deposition microstructure (1)
- Design of experiment (1)
- Desorption (1)
- Die casting (1)
- Dielectric Spectroscopy (1)
- Dielectric breakdown strength (1)
- Dielectric characterization (1)
- Diesel Fuel (1)
- Differential scanning calorimetry (1)
- Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (1)
- Diffusivity (1)
- Digital Transformation (1)
- Digital Twin (1)
- Digital representations (1)
- Digital workflow (1)
- Digital workflows (1)
- Digitalizations (1)
- Dimensional mismatch of crystalline lattice periods (misfit) (1)
- Directional grain growth (1)
- Discrete element method (1)
- Dislocation avalanches (1)
- Dislocation substructure (1)
- Disordered assemblies (1)
- Disorientation (1)
- Dissimilar metal weld (1)
- Dissolved water (1)
- Distributed fiber optic sensing (1)
- Distributed fiber optic sensors (1)
- Distributed fibre optic sensors (1)
- Diversity (1)
- Domain Ontology Development (1)
- Double notched creep specimen (1)
- Driving physical mechanism (1)
- Droplet (1)
- Druckgasspeicher (1)
- Dry preparation (1)
- Drywood termite (1)
- Dual-energy (1)
- Durchschlagfestigkeit (1)
- Dwell periods (1)
- Dwell times (1)
- Dwell-Fatigue (1)
- Dynamic mechanical analysis (1)
- Dynamic recrystallization (1)
- Dynamisch Mechanische Analyse (1)
- EAC-1A (1)
- EASA (1)
- EC4SafeNano (1)
- EFTEM (1)
- EIS (1)
- EN AW 2618A (1)
- EN AW 2618A a (1)
- EPR (1)
- Early stages (1)
- Early sulfidation (1)
- Efficiency (1)
- Eigenschaften (1)
- Eigenspannung (1)
- Elastic energy (1)
- Elastic properties (1)
- Elctronic Lab Notebook (1)
- Electric conductivity (1)
- Electric field distribution (1)
- Electric field strength (1)
- Electrical insulation (1)
- Electrical insulators (1)
- Electrical resistance (1)
- Electrochemical characterisation (1)
- Electrochemical deposition (1)
- Electrochemical dressing (1)
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (1)
- Electromicroscopy (1)
- Electron Microscopy (1)
- Electron back-scattered diffraction (1)
- Electron backscattered diffraction (1)
- Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) (1)
- Electron beam-induced charging (1)
- Electron microscopy, transmission (1)
- Electronic (1)
- Electropolishing (1)
- Elektronisches Laborbuch (ELN) (1)
- Elektrotechnische Grundlagen (1)
- Enamel (1)
- End of life (1)
- Endothelial progenitor cell (1)
- Endurance Limit (1)
- Energiedisersive Röntgenspektroskopie (1)
- Energiespeicherung (1)
- Energiewende (1)
- Energy harvesting (1)
- Energy transition (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Environment (1)
- Epitaxial films (1)
- Epoxidharz (1)
- Epoxy Resin (1)
- Epoxy resin (1)
- Equilibrium relaxation (1)
- Ermüdungsriss (1)
- Etching (1)
- European Centre (1)
- Eutectic (1)
- Expanding cavity model (1)
- Experimental and numerical techniques (1)
- Explosionsschutz (1)
- Explosive welding (1)
- Exposed metal sites (1)
- FAIR Data (1)
- FAIR data. (1)
- FAIR principles (1)
- FAIR research data management (1)
- FCH JU (1)
- FIB Tomography (1)
- FNCT (1)
- FSDC (1)
- FT-IR (1)
- Fabrication (1)
- Fabrication method (1)
- Faceting (1)
- Facilitated activation (1)
- Failure mechanisms (1)
- Failure rate (1)
- Failure test (1)
- Faser (1)
- Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund (1)
- Faseroptik (1)
- Faserverstärkte Kunstoffe (1)
- Fatigue Crack Growth (1)
- Fatigue Life Evaluation (1)
- Fatigue Testing (1)
- Fatigue crack propagation (1)
- Fatigue crack propagation stages (1)
- Fatigue fracture (1)
- Fatigue of sandwich structures (1)
- Fatigue striations (1)
- Fe-Mn steels (1)
- Federkonstante (1)
- Feldspar (1)
- Fem (1)
- Female noble prize winners (1)
- Femtosecond laser (1)
- Ferritic Alloys (1)
- Ferritic steels (1)
- Ferritic–martensitic steel (1)
- Ferrous phosphate hydrate (1)
- Fertigungsprozess (1)
- Fertigungstechnologie (1)
- Festigkeit (1)
- Fiber (1)
- Fiber reinforced polymers (1)
- Fiber-matrix interface (1)
- Fiber/matrix bond (1)
- Fibre reinforced plastic (1)
- Fibre/matrix bond (1)
- Fibre/matrix bonding (1)
- Film depositition (1)
- Filters (1)
- Fine Powder (1)
- Finite element method (1)
- Finite elmenet simulation (1)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (1)
- Finland (1)
- Firing (1)
- First derivative (1)
- First year students (1)
- Flipped classroom (1)
- Flow Coefficient (1)
- Fluorescence spectroscopy (1)
- Fluoride nanoparticles (1)
- Fluorolytic sol−gel (1)
- Focused Ion Beam (1)
- Focussed ion beam growth (1)
- Foliengießen (1)
- Force-distance diagram (1)
- Formerkennung (1)
- Four-point bending test (1)
- Fourier series (1)
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Fracture Mechanics (1)
- Fracture behavior (1)
- Fracture surfaces (1)
- Fragility (1)
- Freeze Drying (1)
- Freeze casting (1)
- Fresnoit (1)
- Fresnoite (1)
- Friction (1)
- Friction Stir Welding (1)
- Friction stir processing (1)
- Frozen state photopolymerization (1)
- Fuel sorption (1)
- Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) (1)
- Full notch creep test (1)
- Full-Notch Creep Test (1)
- Full-notch creep test (1)
- Fullerite (1)
- Functional fatigue (1)
- Fused Filament Fabrication (1)
- GC-MS (1)
- GMR (1)
- GMR sensors (1)
- Gas flow assisted powder deposition (1)
- Gas permeation (1)
- Gas storage (1)
- Gasabgabe (1)
- Gasdetektion (1)
- Gasgehalt (1)
- Gasturbinen (1)
- Gd3+ (1)
- Gefüge (1)
- Gefüge (Werkstoffkunde) (1)
- Gefügeanalyse (1)
- Gefügerekonstruktion (1)
- Gefügeuntersuchung (1)
- Gefügte Nickelbasislegierungen (1)
- General Aviation (1)
- General Chemistry (1)
- General Computer Science (1)
- General Engineering (1)
- Geometrical factors (1)
- Geopolymers (1)
- Gitterfehlpassung (1)
- Glas fibre reinforced polymer (1)
- GlasDigital (1)
- Glasfaserverstärkter Kunststoff (1)
- Glasmatrixkomposit (1)
- Glass Ceramic (1)
- Glass Fibres (1)
- Glass capillaries (1)
- Glass crystallization stress (1)
- Glass fiber reinforced polymer (1)
- Glass fiber-epoxy composites (1)
- Glass fibre (1)
- Glass fibre reinforced plastics (1)
- Glass forming melts (1)
- Glass liner (1)
- Glass manufacturing (1)
- Glass matrix composite (1)
- Glass melt (1)
- Glass melting (1)
- Glass scintillator (1)
- Glass screening device (1)
- Glass structure (1)
- Glass transformation temperature (1)
- Glass-ceramics definition (1)
- Glasses (1)
- Glasspeicher (1)
- Gleichgewicht (1)
- Global stability criterion (1)
- Gnomonic projections (1)
- Gold nanoparticle synthesis (1)
- Grade S960QL steel (1)
- Gradient-enhanced damage (1)
- Gradient-enhanced fatigue model (1)
- Grain Boundary (1)
- Grain Boundary Corrosion (1)
- Grain Boundary Phase Diagram (1)
- Grain Boundary Segregation (1)
- Grain Boundary Spinodal (1)
- Grain boundary oxidation (1)
- Grain boundary phase diagram (1)
- Grain boundary precipitates (1)
- Grain boundary structure (1)
- Grain boundary thermodynamics (1)
- Grain growth (1)
- Grain structure (1)
- Granulometrie (1)
- Graphic design (1)
- Graphite (1)
- Grenzflächenenergie (1)
- Growth kinetics (1)
- Growth rate (1)
- Grundlagen des Maschinenbaus (1)
- Grünfolieneigenschaften (1)
- Gypsum (1)
- HCF (1)
- HDPE Soprption (1)
- HDPE Sorption (1)
- HV-Insulation (1)
- Hardness test (1)
- Hartbearbeitung (1)
- Hausner ratio (1)
- Heat Treatments (1)
- Heat accumulation (1)
- Heat-resistant nickel alloys (1)
- Heißgasextraktion (1)
- Heißgaskorrosion (1)
- Hertzian cracks (1)
- Hierarchical microstructure (1)
- Hierarchical microstructure Premartensite (1)
- Hierarchical porosities (1)
- High - temperature (1)
- High - temperature corrosion (1)
- High Voltage Insulation (1)
- High alloyed steels (1)
- High cycle fatigue (1)
- High density polyethylene (1)
- High energy radiation (1)
- High entropy superalloys (1)
- High interstitial austenitic steel (1)
- High pressure (1)
- High pressure gas storage (1)
- High temperature nickel-based eutectic alloys (1)
- High temperature oxidation (1)
- High temperatures (1)
- High-Entropy Alloys (1)
- High-Entropy Materials (1)
- High-Temperature Corrosion (1)
- High-density polyethylene (PE-HD) (1)
- High-strength steel (1)
- High-temperature oxidation (1)
- High-temperature properties (1)
- High-voltage testing (1)
- High‐temperature corrosion (1)
- Hipims (1)
- Hochentropielegierung (1)
- Hochentropielegierungen (1)
- Hochleistungskeramik (1)
- Hochspannungsprüfung (1)
- Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle (1)
- Hochtemperaturermüdung (1)
- Homogenization (1)
- Honing (1)
- Honing Stone (1)
- Horizon 2020 (1)
- Host-guest hybrid materials (1)
- Hot Press (1)
- Hot isostatic pressing (1)
- Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) (1)
- Hybrid Manufacturing (1)
- Hydrogel (1)
- Hydrogen diffusivity (1)
- Hydrogen gas (1)
- Hydrogen permeability (1)
- Hydrogen sensor (1)
- Hydrogen sensors (1)
- Hydrogen storage (1)
- Hydrogen storage tank (1)
- Hydrothermal Ageging (1)
- Hydrous glass (1)
- Hygrothermal (1)
- Hyper-arid (1)
- IASCC (1)
- IN738LC (1)
- IR spectroscopy (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Impact damage (1)
- Impact wear (1)
- Implant failures (1)
- Implants (1)
- In situ diffraction (1)
- In situ synthesis (1)
- In situ thermal-annealing experiment (1)
- In-Situ Testing (1)
- In-situ ED-XRD (1)
- In-situ Process Monitoring (1)
- In-situ SEM micro shear deformation (1)
- In-situ composites (1)
- In-situ diffraction (1)
- In-situ process monitoring (1)
- In-situ tomography (1)
- In-vivo (1)
- In718 (1)
- Incipient plasticity (1)
- Inclusion cluster (1)
- Inclusion size (1)
- Inconel 686 coating (1)
- Incremental lifetime models (1)
- Indentation (1)
- Indentation fracture toughness (1)
- Indentation hardness (1)
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (1)
- Informationstechnische Grundlagen (1)
- Infrared nano AFM (1)
- Initial attachment (1)
- Inkjet (1)
- Inter layer time (1)
- Interdiffusion (1)
- Interface Strength (1)
- Interfacial Spinodal (1)
- Interfacial Strength (1)
- Interfacial anisotropy (1)
- Interfacial free energy (1)
- Interlaboratory comparability (1)
- Intermediate scale (1)
- Intermetallic (1)
- Intermetallische FeAl-Legierungen (1)
- Intermittent microplasticity (1)
- Intermodulation AFM (1)
- Internal Sulfidation (1)
- Internal Surfaces (1)
- Internal oxidation (1)
- Internal stresses (1)
- Interoperable (1)
- Intrinsic stress (1)
- Invar (1)
- Inverse ostwald ripening (1)
- Investment casting (1)
- Ion beam erosion Sectioning (1)
- Iron meteorite (1)
- Iron oxide (1)
- Irradiation (1)
- Irregular topography (1)
- Isostatic hot pressing (HIP) (1)
- JMAK model (1)
- Joints/joining (1)
- KCl (1)
- KI (1)
- Kalzinierung (1)
- Kennwertermittlung (1)
- Keramische Folien (1)
- Kernel average misorientation (1)
- Keywords: Poly(ether ether ketone) (1)
- Kikuchi bands (1)
- Klebung (1)
- Knowledge Graphs (1)
- Knowledge graphs (1)
- Knowledge representation (1)
- Komponentenprüfung (1)
- Kreislaufwirtschaft (1)
- Kriechermüdung (1)
- Kriechversuche (1)
- Kristallisation (1)
- Kristallorientierung (1)
- Kristallsystem (1)
- Kunststoffe (1)
- Kupfer (1)
- Kurzfaser-verstärkte Thermoplaste (1)
- Kurzzeitfestigkeit (1)
- L-PBF 316L (1)
- LIBS (1)
- LMD (1)
- LSD print (1)
- LTCC multilayer (1)
- Laboratory X-ray diffraction (1)
- Laminographie (1)
- Langzeitstabilität (1)
- Laser Beam Melting (1)
- Laser Cladding (1)
- Laser Poeder Bed Fusion (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) (1)
- Laser Scanning Microscopy (1)
- Laser Scanning Microscopy (LSM) (1)
- Laser beam melting (LBM) (1)
- Laser curing (1)
- Laser induced slipcasting (1)
- Laser light scattering (1)
- Laser powder-based directed energy deposition (1)
- Laser-Pulverbettschmelzen (1)
- Laser-induced slip casting (1)
- Laserbearbeitung (1)
- Laserscanningmikroskopie (LSM) (1)
- Lattice distortions (1)
- Lattice parameter determination (1)
- Lattice point density (1)
- Lattice rotation (1)
- Lattice structures (1)
- Lattices (1)
- Laves phase (1)
- Layer depostion (1)
- Layer system (1)
- Layered manganese oxide (1)
- Layering misalignment (1)
- Lebensdauervorhersage (1)
- Lecture films (1)
- Lecture videos (1)
- Legierung mit komplexer Zusammensetzung (1)
- Lehrfilm (1)
- Lehrfilmformate (1)
- Life cycle (1)
- Lifetime prediction (1)
- Light curing (1)
- Lightweighting (1)
- Limestone Filler (1)
- Lindemann criterion (1)
- Linear elastic fracture mechanics (1)
- Linked open data (1)
- Liquid Metal Embrittlement (1)
- Liquid metal embrittlement (1)
- Liquid phase sintering (1)
- Liquid-metal embrittlement (1)
- Lithium-ion batteries (1)
- Lithography-based technologies (1)
- Local landscape evolution (1)
- Localized plasmons (1)
- Log-normal distribution (1)
- Long-term aging (1)
- Long-term calculation (1)
- Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) (1)
- Low carbon steel (1)
- Low expansion (1)
- Low strain (1)
- Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) (1)
- Low-Cycle-Fatigue (1)
- Low-cycle fatigue (1)
- Low-cycle fatigue. (1)
- Low-cycle-fatigue behaviour (1)
- Low-loading (1)
- Lösungsmittel (1)
- Lötverbindung (1)
- MGS-1 regolith simulant (1)
- MOF-74 (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Magmatic and hydrothermal processes (1)
- Magnetic domain distribution (1)
- Magnetic domains (1)
- Magnetic shape memory (1)
- Magnetic stray field (1)
- Magnetic stray fields (1)
- Magnetische Domänen (1)
- Magnetoelastic effect (1)
- Magnetoelastischer Effekt (1)
- Magnetomechanical effect (1)
- Martensitic steel (1)
- Martensitic steels (1)
- Martensitic structure (1)
- Master curve (1)
- Masterschädigungslinie (1)
- Mat-o-lab (1)
- Material Life Cycle (1)
- Material characterization (1)
- Material defects (1)
- Material failure (1)
- Material modeling (1)
- Material oxidation (1)
- MaterialDigital (1)
- Materialcharakterisierung (1)
- Materialentwicklung (1)
- Materialkreislauf (1)
- Materialmodell (1)
- Materialprüfung (1)
- Materials Chemistry (1)
- Materials Data Space (1)
- Materials Science (1)
- Materials Testing (1)
- Materials and Processes Data Reusability (1)
- Materials informatics (1)
- Materials science and engineering (1)
- Materials testing (1)
- Materialwissenschaft (1)
- Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Grundlagen (1)
- Matrix (1)
- Matrix residual stress (1)
- Mean atomic number (1)
- Mean-field modelling (1)
- Mechanical Behavior (1)
- Mechanical Properties (1)
- Mechanical and thermal testing (1)
- Mechanical anisotropy (1)
- Mechanical deformation (1)
- Mechanisches Verhalten (1)
- Mechanistic Modelling (1)
- Medium entopy alloy (1)
- Medium entropy alloy (1)
- Medium entropy alloys (1)
- Medium-entropy alloy (1)
- Mehrachsige Verformung (1)
- Mehrskalenmodell (1)
- Melting (1)
- Meta material (1)
- Metal Magnetic Memory (1)
- Metal additive manufacturing (1)
- Metal and alloys (1)
- Metal magnetic memory (1)
- Metal powder characterization (1)
- Metall (1)
- Metallic Glass (1)
- Metallic components (1)
- Metallic materials (1)
- Metallic silver precipitates (1)
- Metallography (1)
- Metals and Alloys (1)
- Metformin (1)
- Methodology (1)
- Metrologie (1)
- Metrology (1)
- Micro computed tomography (1)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (1)
- Micromanipulation (1)
- Microplastic stress (1)
- Microsegregation (1)
- Microspine (1)
- Microstructur (1)
- Microstructural changes of a Fe Si alloy (1)
- Microstructural orientation (1)
- Microstructure Analysis (1)
- Microstructure Characterization (1)
- Microstructure Evolution (1)
- Microstructure characterisation (1)
- Microstructure design (1)
- Microstructure modification (1)
- Microstructure, γ/γ' misfit (1)
- Microstrucure reconstruction (1)
- Microwave technology (1)
- Mid-Level Ontology for MSE (1)
- Mikro-Computertomographie (1)
- Mikrogravitation (1)
- Mikrostrukturuntersuchung (1)
- Milling (1)
- Mindedestberstdruck (1)
- Mini-UAV (1)
- Miniature specimens (1)
- Mis-match (1)
- Misfitting precipitate (1)
- Misorientation (1)
- Missing acknowledgment (1)
- Mixed conductors (1)
- Mixed-linkers (1)
- Mn-oxides (1)
- Mn3O4 (1)
- Model (1)
- Model alloy (1)
- Modell (1)
- Moisture (1)
- Molecular Dynamics (1)
- Molten salt (1)
- Monte-Carlo-Analysis (1)
- Moon (1)
- Mortar (1)
- Mortel (1)
- Multi-principal element alloys (1)
- Multiaxial stress state (1)
- Multilayer ceramic technology (1)
- Multilayers (1)
- Multiple cracks (1)
- NFDI-MatWerk (1)
- NGS (1)
- NIST (1)
- NMR (1)
- Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (1)
- Nano CRM (1)
- Nano material (1)
- Nano metal fluorides (1)
- Nano-assemblies (1)
- Nano-ceramic-additive-manufacturing photoresin (1)
- Nano-composite (1)
- Nano-landscape (1)
- Nano-powder characterization (1)
- Nano-safety (1)
- Nano-scratch test (1)
- NanoCAM (1)
- Nanocomposites (1)
- Nanocrystalline alloys (1)
- Nanocrystalline structure (1)
- Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) (1)
- Nanomaterial screening (1)
- Nanoparticle structure (1)
- Nanoparticle synthesis (1)
- Nanopartikel (1)
- Nanoplattform (1)
- Nanopowder (1)
- Nanoribbons (1)
- Nanoscale multilayers (1)
- Nanostructure (1)
- Natural (1)
- Natural silver wires (1)
- Nb3Sn (1)
- Near Infrared Spectroscopy (1)
- Negative charged microparticle (1)
- Net zero (1)
- Networking (1)
- New standards (1)
- Ni-Mn-Ga (1)
- NiMaGa (1)
- NiTi (1)
- Nickel based coatings (1)
- Nickel-base superalloy (1)
- Nimonic 75 (1)
- Nitride (1)
- Noble metal nanoparticles (1)
- Non-Destructive Testing (1)
- Non-desired foaming (1)
- Non-destructive Materials (1)
- Non-metallic inclusions (1)
- Non-serrated inhomogeneous flow (1)
- Nondestructive testing (1)
- Notch (1)
- Nucleation mode (1)
- Nucleation tendency (1)
- Number density (1)
- Numerische Simulation (1)
- Nydrogen melting (1)
- OECD TG (1)
- Oberflächenaktive wässrige Medien (1)
- Oberflächenkeimbildung (1)
- Online (1)
- Online Process Monitoring (1)
- Online quality control (1)
- Online teaching (1)
- Ooxidation (1)
- Optic (1)
- Optical and Magnetic Materials (1)
- Optical backscatter reflectometry (1)
- Optical centrifugation (1)
- Optical criterion (1)
- Optical criterion of brittleness (1)
- Optical fibre (1)
- Optical properties (1)
- Optical properties of glasses and ceramics (1)
- Optical spectroscopy (1)
- Optical tweezers (1)
- Ordered/disordered structures (1)
- Ordering (1)
- Orientation refinement (1)
- Orientation relationship (1)
- Orientation-dependent microstructure (1)
- Orowan Mechanism (1)
- Osteogenesis (1)
- Overaging (1)
- Oxidation protection (1)
- Oxide (1)
- Oxide coatings (1)
- Oxide glass (1)
- Oxide scale (1)
- Oxides (1)
- Oxygen evolution reaction (1)
- P92 steels (1)
- PA6.6 (1)
- PE-HD Sorption (1)
- PLS-DA (1)
- PPA (1)
- PV modules (1)
- Packaging (1)
- Parabolic flight (1)
- Particle Size Distribution (1)
- Particle size determination (1)
- Particle-bed binder jetting (1)
- Partikelgröße (1)
- Passive components and circuits (1)
- Patent (1)
- Peem (1)
- Permittivity reduction (1)
- Persistent luminescence (1)
- Persistent luminescent (1)
- Phase Diagram (1)
- Phase Diagrams (1)
- Phase Separation (1)
- Phase analysis (1)
- Phase field crystal (1)
- Phase field method (1)
- Phase field model (1)
- Phase field simulation (1)
- Phase stability (1)
- Phase-Field Simulation (1)
- Phase-field Simulation (1)
- Phase-field model (1)
- Phase-field modelling (1)
- Phosphate (1)
- Phosphors (1)
- Photocatalysis (1)
- Photocleavable organosilanes (1)
- Photodynamic therapy (1)
- Photopolymer composites (1)
- Phototrophs (1)
- Photovoltaic modules (1)
- Physical aging (1)
- Physical properties (1)
- Physically based material model (1)
- Physics-informed Neural Network (1)
- Phytolith (1)
- Pitting corrosion (1)
- Planetary surface (1)
- Plasma imaging (1)
- Plasma nanocoatings (1)
- Plasma spray (1)
- Plasmon enhancement (1)
- Platform Material Digital (1)
- Platform Material Digital (PMD) (1)
- Platform MaterialDigital (1)
- Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) (1)
- Platinum-group-metals (1)
- Plattform Material Digital (PMD) (1)
- Pole figures (1)
- Polymer Matrix Composite (1)
- Polymer analysis/characterization (1)
- Polymer composite (1)
- Polymer-Ceramic-Composite (1)
- Polymer-ceramic mixtures (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (PMC) (1)
- Polymeric Materials (1)
- Polymerwissenschaften (1)
- Polymer–matrix composites (1)
- Polyolefins (1)
- Polypropylene (1)
- Polystyrene (1)
- Polyurethane (1)
- Pore (1)
- Porosification (1)
- Porous materials (1)
- Portfolio (1)
- Positron annihilation spectroscopy (1)
- Powder bed additive manufacturing (1)
- Powder bed density (1)
- Powder deposition (1)
- Powder diffraction (1)
- Powder flow (1)
- Powder processing (1)
- Powder rheology (1)
- Powder-based processes (1)
- Powdered activated carbon (1)
- Power factor (1)
- Power law (1)
- Power plant (1)
- Power-to-Gas (1)
- Precipitate shape (1)
- Precipitates (1)
- Precipitation Analysis (1)
- Precipitation hardening (1)
- Preparation (1)
- Preventive strategies (1)
- Principal stress (1)
- Principal stress components (1)
- Printing (1)
- ProMoAM (1)
- Process (1)
- Process Monitoring (1)
- Process development (1)
- Processing window (1)
- Production scatter (1)
- Proficiency test (1)
- Projection center (1)
- Projekt AGIL - Alterung additiv gefertigter metallischer Materialien und Komponenten (1)
- Properties (1)
- Property simulation (1)
- Protection (1)
- Prozessmonitoring (1)
- Pseudosymmetry (1)
- Pull-out (1)
- Pull-out composite materials (1)
- Pultruded fiber rods (1)
- Pycnometry (1)
- Quality assurance (1)
- Quantitative Precipitation Analysis (1)
- Quantitative image analysis (1)
- Quantum dots (1)
- Radiation-matter interaction (1)
- Radii distribution (1)
- Radon transform (1)
- Rafting (1)
- Raman (1)
- Reaction Sintering (1)
- Real time growth control (1)
- Real-time deformation (1)
- Real-time qPCR (1)
- Reference Data (1)
- Reference Dataset (1)
- Reference Material (1)
- Reference material BCR-425 (1)
- Reference nanomaterials (1)
- Reference nanoparticles (1)
- Referenzmaterial (1)
- Referenzorganismus (1)
- Referenzverfahren (1)
- Refractory alloy (1)
- Refractory chemically complex alloy (1)
- Refractory chemically complex alloys (1)
- Refractory superalloys (1)
- Regelwerke (1)
- Regolith (1)
- Reheating (1)
- Rejuvenation (1)
- Relaxation fatigue (1)
- Relaxation metallic glasses (1)
- Relaxation tests (1)
- Relaxationsphänomene (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Reliable characterization (1)
- Renewable ernergy (1)
- Repair of sandwich shell structures (1)
- Repair patch (1)
- Residual strains (1)
- Residual stress analysis (1)
- Resistance (1)
- Resistance spot welding (1)
- Resistance stress (1)
- Resonance testing (1)
- Restberstfestigkeit (1)
- Reusability (1)
- Reusable data (1)
- Rheology (1)
- Rhodonia placenta (1)
- Risikoanalyse (1)
- Rissausbreitung (1)
- Risse (1)
- Rissform (1)
- Rissfortschritt (1)
- Rissheilung (1)
- Rissverlauf (1)
- Robot-assisted galss melting (1)
- Robotic glass melting (1)
- Rohrprobekörper (1)
- Rotorblatt (1)
- Rotorblätter (1)
- Round Robin (1)
- SDC (1)
- SEM micrography (1)
- SEM wood characterization (1)
- SEN-Probe (1)
- SHM (1)
- SO2 (1)
- STEM (1)
- Safety (1)
- Sailplane Development Panel (1)
- Sall-angle scattering (1)
- Salt melt (1)
- Salzschmelzen (1)
- Samarium doped ceria (1)
- Sample holder (1)
- Sand blasting (1)
- Sandwich structures (1)
- Sandwichstruktur (1)
- Scaffold (1)
- Scaffold geometry (1)
- Scaffolds (1)
- Scale-dependent behavior (1)
- Scan strategies (1)
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (1)
- Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) (1)
- Scanning electron microscope (1)
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (1)
- Scarf joint (1)
- Scarf joint repair (1)
- Scarf joint repairs (1)
- Scavenging effect of iron (1)
- Schadenskunde (1)
- Schalenprüfstand (1)
- Schlickerdeposition (1)
- SchwarzP cells (1)
- Schwerelosigkeit (1)
- Schwingbrüche (1)
- Scratches (1)
- Screen printing (1)
- Screening method (1)
- Segregation (1)
- Segregation Engineering (1)
- Segregation engineering (1)
- Selective laser melting (SLM) (1)
- Self-Assembly (1)
- Self-organization (1)
- Semantic Data Integration (1)
- Semantic Interioerability (1)
- Semantic Web technologies (1)
- Semantic data integration (1)
- Semantic interoperability (1)
- Semantic structuring (1)
- Semantische Daten (1)
- Semiconductor materials (1)
- Sensing (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Serial sectioning (1)
- Serienschnitte (1)
- Sewage treatment plant (1)
- Shadowgraphy (1)
- Shape memory alloy (1)
- Shape memory alloys (1)
- Shear (1)
- Shear load (1)
- Shear strain (1)
- Shear testing (1)
- Shear thinning (1)
- Shear-band cavitation (1)
- Shear-band structure (1)
- Short range order (1)
- Short-beam strength (1)
- Silber (1)
- Silicate glass (1)
- Silicate glass-ceramics (1)
- Silicatglas (1)
- Silicoborate glasses (1)
- Silicon release (1)
- Silikatkeramik (1)
- Silver (1)
- Silver cluster (1)
- Silver glass paste (1)
- Silver precipitates (1)
- Silver-glass metallization paste (1)
- Simulation workflow (1)
- Simulationsgestützte Gießkonzepte (1)
- Single crystal Ni-Base superalloys (1)
- Single crystal superalloys (1)
- Single fiber pull-out test (1)
- Single-crystal (1)
- Sinter retardation (1)
- Sintering additive (1)
- Sintering atmosphere (1)
- Sintermechanismen (1)
- Sintertemperatur (1)
- Sinterung (1)
- Sinus floor augmentation (1)
- Size (1)
- Size and size distribution (1)
- Size effect (1)
- Sliding simulation (1)
- Slip localization (1)
- Slip-rolling (1)
- Slow Crack Growth (SCG) (1)
- Slurry optimization (1)
- Small angle x-ray scattering (1)
- Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (1)
- Small-scale (1)
- Smart materials (1)
- Smectite (1)
- Soda lime silicate glass (1)
- Soda-lime-silica (1)
- Sodium ion batteries (1)
- Sodium zinc borate glass (1)
- Sodiumborosilicate glasses (1)
- Softening temperature (1)
- Soil (1)
- Soil sample (1)
- Solar panels (1)
- Solid solution strengthening (1)
- Solid-State-Synthesis (1)
- Solid-state-synthesis (1)
- Solidification (1)
- Space exploration (1)
- Spar cap design (1)
- Spark plasma sintering (1)
- Specific surface (1)
- Specimen geometry (1)
- Spezifische Oberfläche (1)
- Spinodal Decomposition (1)
- Spinodal decomposition (1)
- Split Hopkinson bar (1)
- Split-vacancy defect complexes (1)
- Spring constant (1)
- Stable crack growth (1)
- Standardisation (1)
- Stanzen (1)
- Statistics (1)
- Steam oxidation resistance (1)
- Steel P92 (1)
- Steel alloy (1)
- Stereoscopy (1)
- Strain (1)
- Strain difference (1)
- Strain energy (1)
- Strain rate dependence (1)
- Stratégies deprévention (1)
- Stress distribution (1)
- Stress intensity (1)
- Stress-corrosion (1)
- Stress-strain behavior (1)
- Stress-strain-behavior (1)
- Streuung (1)
- Structural composites (1)
- Structural defects (1)
- Structural dynamics (1)
- Structural health monitoring (1)
- Structural health monitoring (SHM) (1)
- Structure (1)
- Structure property correlations (1)
- Structure-property correlation (1)
- Structured Data (1)
- Structured heating (1)
- Subcritical crack growth (1)
- Subsurface defects (1)
- Superaustenite steel (1)
- Supercritical/dense phase CO 2 (1)
- Superelasticity (1)
- Superlattice extrinsic stacking faults (1)
- Superlegierungen (1)
- Supersaturation (1)
- Support configurations (1)
- Support vector machines (1)
- Surface Nucleation (1)
- Surface elasticity (1)
- Surface modification (1)
- Surface roughness (1)
- Surface stress (1)
- Surface-induced Melting (1)
- Swept wavelength interferometry (1)
- Swept wavelength interferometry (SWI) (1)
- Symbolik (1)
- Synchrotron (1)
- Synchrotron CT (1)
- Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (1)
- Synchrotron micro-tomography (1)
- Synchrotron radiation (1)
- Synchrotron radiations (1)
- Synchrotron tomography (1)
- Synthesis (1)
- Systematische Schadensanalysen, Prozeduren (1)
- T1 precipitate (1)
- TAHYA (1)
- TED (1)
- TIG-welding (1)
- TMF experiments (1)
- Tb3+ (1)
- Technical Ceramics (1)
- Technische Keramik (1)
- Temperature dependence (1)
- Temperature driven process (1)
- Tempered martensite ferritic steel (1)
- Tempered martensite ferritic steels (1)
- Tensile strength (1)
- Tensile stress relaxation (1)
- Tensile stress relaxation testing (1)
- Tensile tests (1)
- Termites (1)
- Test Improvement (1)
- Tetragonal distortion (1)
- Tetragonality (1)
- Texturation (1)
- Theranostics (1)
- Thermal Cycling (1)
- Thermal cycling (1)
- Thermal degradation (1)
- Thermal desorption mass spectrometry (1)
- Thermal stress (1)
- Thermische Analyse (1)
- Thermo mechanical fatigue (1)
- Thermo-mechanical fatigue (1)
- Thermo-mechanical loading (1)
- Thermo-mechanical-loading (1)
- Thermo-mechanics (1)
- Thermo-optical measurement (1)
- Thermoanalysis (1)
- Thermoanalytical Methods (1)
- Thermobimetal (1)
- Thermodynamic analysis (1)
- Thermodynamic stability (1)
- Thermodynamische Stabilität (1)
- Thermoelectric generator (1)
- Thermoelectric generator design (1)
- Thermoelektrika (1)
- Thermoelektrischer Generator (1)
- Thermogravimetric analysis (1)
- Thermomechanical Fatigue (TMF) (1)
- Thermomechanische Eigenschaften (1)
- Thermomechanische Ermüdung (1)
- Thermophysikalische Eigenschaften (1)
- Thermoplastic forming (1)
- Thermoplastic matrix (1)
- Thermoplastic prepreg (1)
- Thermoset composition (1)
- Thermosetting resin (1)
- Thesaurus (1)
- Thickening (1)
- Thin films (1)
- Thin tribofilm (1)
- Thiol-ene click chemistry (1)
- Three-dimensional Bone tissue engineering (1)
- Three-dimensional tomographies (1)
- Time-offlight Diffraction (TOFD) (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Tools (1)
- Tooth wear (1)
- Transducers (1)
- Transformer (1)
- Transmission Kikuchi diffraction (1)
- Transmittance (1)
- Transparency (1)
- Transparent ceramic (1)
- Tribology (1)
- Tricalcium Phosphate (1)
- Triply Periodical Minimal Surface (1)
- Tungsten carbide (1)
- Tungsten-Rhenium (1)
- Turbine disk (1)
- Twinning (1)
- Two-photon adsorption (1)
- Two-photon polymerization (1)
- Two-photon-polymerization (1)
- Ultraschall (1)
- Ultrasonic Testing (1)
- Ultrasonic assited machining (1)
- Umgebungsbedingter Spannungsriss (1)
- Ungleichgewicht (1)
- Unidirectional composites (1)
- Unlegierter Baustahl (1)
- Upconversion nanoparticles (1)
- VCSEL (1)
- VM12 SHC (1)
- Vacancies (1)
- Vacuum hot extraction (1)
- Verbundwerkstoff (1)
- Verbundwerkstoffe (1)
- Vernetzung (1)
- Versetzungsstrukturen (1)
- Very high cycle fatigue (1)
- Vickers Hardness (1)
- Virtueller Materialdatenraum (1)
- Viscoelastic model (1)
- Viscose sintering (1)
- Viskoplastisch (1)
- Visual ontology development (1)
- Visualization (1)
- Vivianite (1)
- Vocabulary providers (1)
- Volatiles from thermosets (1)
- Volume Fraction (1)
- Volume changes (1)
- Volume fraction (1)
- WAXS (1)
- Wasserstoff (1)
- Wasserstofferzeugung (1)
- Waste water (1)
- Water (1)
- Water Diffusion (1)
- Water droplet erosion resistance (1)
- Water in glass (1)
- Welding processing influences (1)
- Werkstoffauswahl (1)
- Werkstoffdaten (1)
- Werkstoffkennwerte (1)
- Werkstoffmechanische Prüfung (1)
- Wet chemical etching (1)
- Wet dispersion (1)
- White light emitters (1)
- Wind turbine blade shell structures (1)
- Windkraft (1)
- Withstand voltage tests (1)
- Women in science (1)
- Work of adhesion (1)
- Workshop (1)
- Wärmespeicher (1)
- X-ray Diffraction (1)
- X-ray diffraction analysis (1)
- X-ray imaging (1)
- X-ray refractography (1)
- X-ray scattering (1)
- X-ray tomographic (1)
- X-ray-diffraction (1)
- XPCS (1)
- XRM (1)
- Young`s modulus (1)
- Young´s Modulus (1)
- Young´s modulus (1)
- Young’s Modulus (1)
- Yttria stabilized zirconia (1)
- ZfP (1)
- Zinc oxide (1)
- Zirconia-toughened alumina (1)
- Zirconia: yttria stabilized (1)
- ZnO (1)
- Zug-Druck-Schubprüfung (1)
- Zugversuchsontologie (1)
- Zyklische Belastung (1)
- Zyklische R-Kurve (1)
- alumina (1)
- arbidic austempered ductile iron (1)
- arbon capture (1)
- ausfgallfreie Lastwechsel (1)
- battery aging mechanism (1)
- bioactive (1)
- biomaterials (1)
- bone (1)
- carbon steel (1)
- ceramic (1)
- ceramics (1)
- coarsening (1)
- condensate (1)
- current collector corrosion (1)
- dental (1)
- depth profiles (1)
- dispersion (1)
- electrochemical characterization (1)
- electron microscopy (1)
- hardness (1)
- high entropy alloys (1)
- high pressure (1)
- hydrogen storage (1)
- impurities (1)
- in-situ synthesis (1)
- infrared spectroscopy (1)
- laser cladding (1)
- microstructural changes (1)
- microstructure analysis (1)
- multi scale testing (1)
- negative crystal growth (1)
- oxidation (1)
- particle size determination (1)
- phosphate glasses (1)
- pitting corrosion (1)
- sample preparation (1)
- scanning electron microscopy (1)
- selective laser melting (1)
- statistische Auswertung (1)
- sulfidation (1)
- thermomechanische Beanspruchung (1)
- utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology (1)
- volume resistivity (1)
- water speciation (1)
- zertifizierte Referenzmaterialien (1)
- Überblick (1)
- γ- и γ'-фазы, период кристаллической решетки (1)
- γ/γ' matrix (1)
- γ″ phase (1)
- θ′ phase (1)
- θ′-(Al2Cu) precipitate phase (1)
- высокие температуры (1)
- жаропрочные нике- левые сплавы (1)
- монокристалл (1)
- рентгеноструктурный анализ (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (1137)
- 5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation (338)
- 5.2 Metallische Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe (277)
- 5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse (216)
- 5.6 Glas (151)
- 5.3 Polymere Verbundwerkstoffe (131)
- 5.5 Materialmodellierung (115)
- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (107)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (98)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (91)
Paper des Monats
- ja (11)
1. Introduction
A normally unwanted process that can arise when converging an electron beam onto, e.g. microparticles, has been called "damage induced by electric field" (DIEF) [1]. By DIEF, the convergent electron beam (CEB) imparts a high amount of energy to the microparticle locally and strongly interacts with its atoms. At a specific current density J, which can be controlled by the convergence angle α, the irradiated material begins to transform. The phenomenon of expelling nanomaterial from microparticles under the influence of a convergent electron beam (CB) in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) has been largely studied [2]. Several types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been observed for different metallic materials and metal oxides after specific CB protocols (P) in the TEM. Thus, DIEF can be used as a promising synthesis method controlled changes of micrometric material to create new nanometric material compositions and morphologies.
While these reactions have been observed in situ at the high acceleration voltages associated with TEM, it remains unclear whether the SEM can also be used to fabricate NPs via DIEF. In contrast to TEM there is no possibility to statically convert the electron beam to a range of α to reach the needed J as in TEM. Instead, the scanning parameters and the magnification can be manipulated so as to find an integrated J. Considering that the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is easier to use, more accessible and cheaper than a TEM, here we explore the possibility to transfer the concepts of DIEF known to operate in the TEM for in situ NP generation SEM.
2. Objectives
The main goal is to determine whether DIEF can be translated to the SEM perform to controlled in situ fabrication of nanoparticles from microparticles, using gold microparticles on amorphous SiO substrate as precursors. We determine what experimental parameters must be taken into account to create SEM-based CBPs for NP creation in the SEM with these materials.
3. Materials & methods
Gold microparticles with diameter of around 1 to 3 µm were deposited on electron transparent amorphous SiO/SiO2 substrate. Using a convergent electron beam protocol (CBP) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at an acceleration voltage of 30 kV, the gold microparticles were irradiated until a production of NPs takes place as shown in figure 1. The beam current varied between 16 and 23 nA.
4. Results
Depending on the CBP parameters, either only Au NPs or a mixture of Au and Si NPs are produced. The particle size ranges from a few nm up to 100 nm, and it depends on the distance of the NP to the initial position of the microparticle. Further beam parameters such as the dwell time, the effective irradiated volume and particle size determine whether NPs are produced or if the microparticles only are expelled from the substrate without reacting.
5. Conclusion
The SEM can be used as an instrument for synthesizing nanomaterials via DIEF. Different CBP protocols can be applied for obtaining either gold nanoparticles or silicon + gold nanoparticles
Several studies have shown that the electron beam (e-beam) can be used to create nanomaterials from microparticles in situ in a TEM. However, attempts to produce gold nanoparticles (NPs) on silicon oxide substrate remained to be accomplished. Here, we show that the production of gold NPs is possible by using the e-beam in a SEM, under a set of parameters. To understand the physical mechanisms leading to the gold NPs, the mechanisms of e-beam induced charging as well as e-beam induced heating of the MPs were discussed. Several hints point to heating as the driving mechanism.
The multi-phase approach has proven to widen the application properties of high entropy alloys. After a decade of testing different alloys in the Al-Co-Cr-Cu-Fe-Ni-Ti family the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 was found to be a solid base for more fine-tuned microstructural optimization. Following the example of superalloys, the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 alloy aims for a γ/γ' microstructures in order to guarantee a good microstructural stability at high temperatures. The shape and volume fraction of the γ' particles is known to influence the mechanical properties of superalloys, and they do so in the high entropy family as well [1]. Shape, misfit and creep properties of several modified versions of the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 alloy are compared and discussed in this talk.
Many microstructural features exhibit non-trivial geometries, which can only be derived to a limited extent from two-dimensional images. E.g., graphite arrangements in lamellar gray cast iron have complex geometries, and the same is true for additively manufactured materials and three-dimensional conductive path structures. Some can be visualized using tomographic methods, but some cannot be due to weak contrast and/or lack of resolution when analyzing macroscopic objects. Classic metallography can help but must be expanded to the third dimension. The method of reconstructing three-dimensional structures from serial metallographic sections surely is not new. However, the effort required to manually assemble many individual sections into image stacks is very high and stands in the way of frequent application. For this reason, an automated, robot-supported 3D metallography system is being developed at BAM, which carries out the steps of repeated preparation and image acquisition on polished specimen.
Preparation includes grinding, polishing and optionally etching of the polished surface. Image acquisition comprises autofocused light microscopic imaging at several magnification levels. The image stacks obtained are then pre-processed, segmented, and converted into 3D models, which in the result appear like microtomographic models, but with high resolution at large volume. Contrasting by classical chemical etching reveals structures that cannot be resolved using tomographic methods. The integration of further imaging and measuring methods into this system is underway. Some examples will be discussed in the presentation.
Die Fraktographische Online-Datenbank der AG Fraktographie – Entwicklungsstand und weitere Planung
(2023)
Vortrag zum aktuellen Stand der fraktographischen online-Datenbank. Darstellung des AGM/DVM Gemeinschaftsausschusses REM in der Materialforschung und seiner Arbeitsgruppen Fraktographie, EBSD und 2D/3D-Prüfung. Ziele und Inhalte der fraktographischen Datenbank, Aufruf zum Mitmachen. Durchführung von Vergleichsversuchen, Entwicklung einer fraktographischen Symbolik, Ringversuch, Vorhaben iFrakto mit Entwicklung einer KI-gestützten Bruchflächenanalyse.
The surface corrosion behaviour is a key issue which determines whether the material is applicable at a given atmosphere. Medium-entropy alloy FeCrNi alloy was exposed to synthetic air at 1000°C, 1050°C, and 1100 °C for up to 1000 h using a thermobalance. The oxidation rate was parabolic at 1000 and 1050°C, but breakaway occurred at 1100°C after 5 h of aging time. The whole oxide scales formed under the isothermal oxidation tests spalled off and additional oxidation tests were carried out at 1000 °C and 1050°C for 24 h and up to 100 h at 1000°C in a tubular furnace. The corrosion behaviour of the MEA was analysed by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction and compared to the behaviour of 316 L. The experimental results showed that under all conditions chromium is the main diffusion element resulting in the formation of a Cr2O3 layer at the MEA surface. Spallation of the layer induces the formation of additional oxidation products under the surface of the (spalled off) chromia layer.
High entropy alloys (HEA) are a new class of materials that have been investigated since the early 2000s and offer great potential to replace conventional alloys. However, since they sometimes have significant contents of expensive alloying elements such as Co or Ni, their use is only conceivable in highly stressed areas of components. For this purpose, the weldability with conventional alloys such as high-alloy austenitic steels must be investigated. In addition to the resulting microstructure, the mechanical properties are also fundamental for the usability of HEAs in DMWs. For this purpose, TIG welds of CoCrFeMnNi HEA (cold rolled and recrystallized state) with AISI 304 austenitic steel are investigated. These mechanical properties are analyzed in this work by means of tensile tests and local hardness measurement. The local strain behavior of the welded joints is also characterized by means of Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The results of the local hardness measurement show a clear influence of the initial condition of the HEA on the HAZ. Thus, the HEA in the cold-rolled condition shows a clear softening because of recrystallization processes in the HAZ. On the other hand, there is no influence on the hardness of the weld metal, which is approx. 200 HV0.1 in both cases. The tensile tests show a consistent failure of the weld in the weld metal. However, regardless of the HEA condition, strengths in the range of the recrystallized HEA (RM ~ 550–600 MPa) are achieved, although with significantly reduced fracture elongations.
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one technology to overcome the challenges of climate and energy crisis. They are widely used in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, or as storage for renewable energy sources. However, despite innovations in batteries' components like cathode and anode materials, separators, and electrolytes, the aging mechanism related to metallic aluminum current collector degradation causes a significant drop in their performance and prevents the durable use of LIBs.[1] Glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) is a powerful method for depth-profiling of batteries' electrode materials. This work investigates aging-induced aluminum deposition on commercial lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) batteries' cathodes. The results illustrate the depth-resolved elemental distribution from the cathode surface to the current collector. An accumulation of aluminum is found on the cathode surface by GD-OES, consistent with results from energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) combined with focused ion beam (FIB) cutting. In comparison to FIB-EDX, GD-OES allows a fast and manageable depth-profiling. Results from different positions on an aged cathode indicate an inhomogeneous aluminum film growth on the surface. The conclusions from these experiments can lead to a better understanding of the degradation of the aluminum current collector, thus leading to higher lifetimes of LIBs.
Gypsum (CaSO4∙2H2O) and anhydrite (CaSO4) are among the dominant evaporite minerals in the Atacama Desert [1]. They are distributed ubiquitously, and play a key role in local landscape evolution.
The formation mechanism of especially anhydrite has been a matter of scientific debate for more than a century [2]. To date, there exists no model that can reliably predict anhydrite formation at earth’s surface conditions. While thermodynamics favor its formation [3], it is hardly achieved on laboratory time scales at conditions fitting the Atacama Desert. Long induction times for nucleation have recently been modeled by Ossorio et al. [4]. However, anhydrite can be readily found in the Atacama Desert. Recently, the mineral was synthesized in flow-through reactors as a byproduct of K-jarosite dissolution at high water activity (aw=0.98) and room temperature [5], even-though the thermodynamic stability field begins only under a value of ~0.8. Additionally, recent studies investigated the nano-structure of various calcium-sulfates, which advocate for highly non-classical crystallization behavior [6]. The specific roles of particulates, ionic or organic reagents working as catalysts for the non-classical crystallization pathway remain to be determined.
Here, we present recent results from flow-through experiments as well as analyses of anhydrite samples from the Atacama Desert. Flow-through experiments were performed to systematically explore the domains of flow rate, composition, ionic-strengths and starting materials. Neither primary, nor secondary anhydrite was produced in any of these experiments. Analyses on Atacama samples reveal the existence of at least three distinct anhydrite facies, with differing mineralogy and micro- to nano-structures. The facies are (1) aeolian deposits with sub-µm grain sizes, (2) (sub-)surface nodules that formed from aeolian deposits and (3) selenites with secondary anhydrite rims. Possible mechanisms of their formation will be discussed.
Tensile Test Ontology (TTO)
(2023)
This is the stable version 2.0.1 of the PMD ontology module of the tensile test (Tensile Test Ontology - TTO) as developed on the basis of the 2019 standard ISO 6892-1: Metallic materials - Tensile Testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature.
The TTO was developed in the frame of the PMD project. The TTO provides conceptualizations valid for the description of tensile test and corresponding data in accordance with the respective standard. By using TTO for storing tensile test data, all data will be well structured and based on a common vocabulary agreed on by an expert group (generation of FAIR data) which will lead to enhanced data interoperability. This comprises several data categories such as primary data, secondary data and metadata. Data will be human and machine readable. The usage of TTO facilitates data retrieval and downstream usage. Due to a close connection to the mid-level PMD core ontology (PMDco), the interoperability of tensile test data is enhanced and data querying in combination with other aspects and data within the broad field of material science and engineering (MSE) is facilitated.
The TTO class structure forms a comprehensible and semantic layer for unified storage of data generated in a tensile test including the possibility to record data from analysis, re-evaluation and re-use. Furthermore, extensive metadata allows to assess data quality and reproduce experiments. Following the open world assumption, object properties are deliberately low restrictive and sparse.
Komponenten von Fahrrädern werden im Betrieb vorwiegend schwingend beansprucht. Typische Werkstoffe sind Stahl, Aluminiumlegierungen, Messing, CFK und thermoplastische Kunststoffe. Da es sich, unabhängig von der Preiskategorie, um konstruktiven Leichtbau handelt, werden einige Bauteile betriebsfest mehr oder weniger weit oberhalb der Dauerfestigkeit ausgelegt. Die im normalen Betrieb auftretenden Schäden sind daher weit überwiegend Schwingbrüche. Andere Schadensmechanismen wie z.B. Korrosion spielen quantitativ eine untergeordnete Rolle. Schwingbrüche treten nach einer Periode unbemerkten Risswachstums oft ohne Vorwarnung und ohne makroskopische Verformung auf. Im Falle von sicherheitsrelevanten Komponenten wie Rahmen, Gabeln, Lenkern, Sattelstützen, Kurbelarmen oder Pedalen kann dies zu erheblichen Personenschäden führen, die den Wert des ursächlichen Bauteilschadens weit überschreiten.
Über einen langjährigen Zeitraum wurden gebrochene Komponenten aus dem Alltag und aus Gerichtsverfahren analysiert. Das Hauptaugenmerk lag hierbei auf der fraktographischen Analyse, teilweise wurden die zu Grunde liegenden Schadensursachen ermittelt. Einflussfaktoren sind beispielsweise konstruktive Kerben an ungünstigen Stellen, aber auch Werkstoffwahl und Fertigungsqualität spielen eine Rolle. In den meisten Fällen wurde jedoch die konstruktive Lebensdauer überschritten. Diese wird praktisch nie mitgeteilt, und eine wiederkehrende Prüfung sicherheitsrelevanter Bauteile findet nicht statt.
Im Sinne der Vermeidung von Schäden und Unfällen könnte darauf hingewirkt werden, für sicherheitsrelevante Komponenten Lebensdauern besser abzuschätzen und von der Laufleistung abhängige Sichtprüfungen zu empfehlen.
While a lage amount of research on high entropy alloys is oriented towards mechanical properties and the microstructural improvement it is also necessary to keep an eye on the environment that potential application materials will be submitted to. The Co-Cr-Fe-Ni based high entropy family has shown great potential over the years of high entropy research and some candidate alloys are chosen for an insight into their corrosion behaviour. Several atmospheres are studied, i.e. O2, H2O, SO2 and a mix thereof in argon as well as synthetic air. Just as for classic alloys, the chromium is the most important element in terms of protection agains further corrosion. The addition of manganese, as in case of the “Cantor alloy” CrMnFeCoNi, overpasses Cr when it comes to oxygen affinity and thus counteracts the layer formation of Cr2O3. Even without Mn, a temperature chosen too high will also affect the formation of the chromium oxide layer and spall it off, annulling its protective potential. We can also observe how trace elements influence the layer formation. These effects and their mechanisms will be discussed for the alloys CrFeNi, CoCrNi, CrMnFeCoNi and variations of Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 using a combination of electron microscopy, thermodynamic calculations and x-ray diffraction.
Im statistischen Mittel steht eine Windkraftanlage (WKA) in Deutschland alle 6 Jahre wegen eines Schadens an den Rotorblättern und verursacht Kosten von 20k€-40k€ infolge Ertragsausfall und Reparaturkosten. Bei über 30.000 WKA in Deutschland verursacht dies jährlichen Kosten von 100-200 Mio. €. Zu 70% sind die Ursachen Fertigungsfehler. Diesem Themenkomplex widmet sich FB-5.3 in Kooperation mit FBs der Zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (Abt. 8) schon seit Jahren.
Im aktuellen Projekt geht es um einen vorzeitigen Verschleiß der Rotorblätter infolge der Verwendung gealterter Glasfaser-Rovings. (GF). Die Entwicklung moderner Windkraftanlagen hatte in Europa seinen Ursprung in den 90er Jahren. OEMs und GF-Hersteller waren dicht beisammen. Die Globalisierung des Marktes führt heute zu einer weltweiten Verschiffung der GF in feucht-warmen Containern. Je nach Beschaffenheit (Chemie) der Schlichten (Oberflächenbehandlung) von GF können diese stark altern (Hydrolyse-Effekte) und die Festigkeit kann im Bauteil um bis zu 50% abgemindert sein.
In einer Kooperation mit der Rotorblattallianz, einem Zusammenschluss der OEMs, Halbzeugherstellern und Forschungsinstituten, wurden schon vor 5 Jahren in einem Forschungsprojekt (FB-5.3; VH 5538) die chemischen Mechanismen der Alterung exemplarisch für eine Glasfaser-Roving-Type aufgeklärt. Im aktuellen Projekt (FB-5.3; VH 5304) wird ein beschleunigtes Alterungsverfahren (erhöhte Temperatur und Feuchte) am Roving im un-impregnierten Zustand entwickelt und die Festigkeit nachfolgend nach Einbettung in eine Epoxid-Harz-Matrix bestimmt. Je nach Alterungszustand zeigt sich eine Abnahme der Zwischenfaserbruchfestigkeit von bis zu 50%. Nicht alle Glasfaser-Roving-Typen zeigen diesen Effekt. Es ist gelungen für OEMs und Halbzeughersteller ein handhabbares Verfahren zur innerbetrieblichen Qualitätssicherung zu entwickeln, da die wenigsten Firmen über komplexe Analyseverfahren, wie an der BAM, verfügen.
Additive manufacturing of metals – and in particular building with laser-based powder bed fusion – is highly flexible and allows high-resolution features and feedstock savings. Meanwhile, though space stations in low Earth orbit are established, a set of visits to the Moon have been performed, and humankind can send out rovers to explore Venus and Mars, none of these milestone missions is equipped with technology to manufacture functional metallic parts or tools in space. In order to advance space exploration to long-term missions beyond low Earth orbit, it will be crucial to develop and employ technology for in-space manufacturing (ISM) and in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU). To use the advantages of laser-based powder bed fusion in these endeavours, the challenge of powder handling in microgravity must be met. Here we present a device capable of building parts using metallic powders in microgravity. This was proven on several sounding rocket flights, on which occasions Zr-based metallic glass parts produced by additive manufacturing in space were built. The findings of this work demonstrate that building parts using powder feedstock, which is more compact to transport into space than wire, is possible in microgravity environments. This thus significantly advances ISRU and ISM and paves the way for future tests in prolonged microgravity settings.
Particle size determination of a commercially available CeO2 nano powder - SOPs and reference data
(2023)
Compilation of detailed SOPs for characterization of a commercially available CeO2 nano powder including
- suspension preparation (indirect and direct sonication),
- particle size determination (Dynamic Light Scattering DLS and Centrifugal Liquid Sedimentation CLS) with reference data, respectively.
For sample preparation and analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of this powder see related works (submitted, coming soon).
Low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) are used to fabricate multilayer circuits which are robust in harsh environments. Thick-film technology is well established for the metallization of circuit boards and microsystems. For specific sensor applications, the combination of LTCC and thin-film technology is advantageous to reach higher structure resolutions. Due to the high roughness of as-fired LTCC surfaces compared with silicon-wafers, the deposition of low-defect- films with narrowly specified properties is challenging. The deposited thin-films are structured either by lift-off or by etching. The latter is less error-prone and thus preferred in industry provided the selected materials allow it. There is spare literature about thin films on commercial LTCC comparing different material systems or sintering techniques. For developing thin-film sensors on multilayer circuits it is crucial to identify thin-film-compatible commercial LTCC material as well as the crucial surface properties. In this work we evaluate the thin-film capability of different LTCC compositions and surface qualities.
To evaluate the influence of the material composition on the thin film capability, 200 nm Ni-thin films were deposited on three different constrained-sintered LTCC (CT708, CT800 and DP951) by electron beam physical vapour deposition. The effect of surface quality was assessed by thin-film deposition on free-sintered, pressure-assisted sintered, and polished DP951. The thin-films were structured by covering corresponding sections with a UV-curable photo resin and subsequent etching of the uncovered surface, leaving behind the desired structure.
The etched Ni-thin films showed high difference in failure rate and sheet resistance regarding the used LTCC-material. DP951 had the lowest sheet resistance and no failure, whereas CT800 had a high sheet resistance and a failure rate of 40 %. These results are correlated with surface roughness of the LTCC, scanning electron micrographs of the deposited thin-films, and the chemical resistance of the LTCC against commonly used etching media. Contrary to the expectations, no correlation between roughness and thin-film capability was found. The LTCC with high failure rate showed a strong chemical attack by the used etching medium. Additionally, the adhesion of thin-films on DP951 is better than on CT708 and CT800.
Low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) are used to fabricate robust multilayer circuits. Typically, thick-film technology is applied for metallization. For specific sensor applications, thin films are deposited directly on the as-fired LTCC-surface. These deposited thin films are structured either by lift-off or by etching. The latter is less error-prone and thus preferred in industry provided the selected materials allow it.
200 nm Ni-thin films were deposited on three different commercial constrained-sintered LTCC (CT708, CT800 and DP951) by electron beam physical vapour deposition. The thin-films were structured by covering corresponding sections with a UV-curable photo resisn and subsequent etching of the uncovered surface, leaving behind the desired structure. The etched Ni-thin film showed high difference in failure rate and sheet resistance regarding the used LTCC-material. DP951 had the lowest sheet resistance and no failure, whereas the CT800 had a failure rate of 40 %. The LTCC with high failure rate showed a strong chemical attack by the used etching medium. To address this phenomenon, the chemical resistance of the three different commercial LTCC (CT708, CT800 and DP951) against four different commonly used etching media (sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, aqua regia, and hydrofluoric acid) is investigated. The dissolved ions are analyzed by ICP-OES to correlate the LTCC-composition and its chemical resistance.
LTCCs (Low-temperature co-fired ceramics) consist of three-dimensionally distributed, hermetically bonded ceramic and metallic components with structure sizes within [10; 100] µm. A non-destructive imaging technique is needed that provides 3D, sharp, high-contrast resolution of these structures, as well as porosity and defect analysis, which is made difficult by the very different X-ray absorption coefficients of the individual components of the microstructure. A HDR method is being developed that allows a combination of different tomograms, each with X-ray energies adapted to individual materials.
The BAMline at the synchrotron X-ray source BESSY II (Berlin, Germany) is supporting researchers especially in materials science. As a non-destructive characterization method, synchrotron X-ray imaging, especially tomography with hard X-Rays, plays an important role in structural 3D characterization. The imaging capabilities allow for in-situ and operando experiments. In this presentation the equipment, data handling pipeline as well as various examples from material science are presented.
Als elektrische Durchschlagfestigkeit bezeichnet man die elektrische Feldstärke, bei der es zur Entladung durch ein isolierendes Medium kommt. Im Falle von Festkörpern ist dies ein zerstörender Prozess. Bei der messtechnischen Bestimmung der Durchschlagfestigkeit haben neben den verwendeten Messgeräten auch die eingesetzten Elektroden, die Form des Prüfkörpers und das Isoliermedium, in dem die Prüfung stattfindet, einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die ermittelten Messwerte. Im Vortrag werden die Einflüsse erläutert und anhand von Messreihen aus der Literatur und der eigenen Forschung quantifiziert. Aufgrund der vorgestellten Effekte wird klar, dass es sich bei elektrischer Durchschlagfestigkeit nicht um absolute Materialkennwerte handelt, sondern vielmehr um systemabhängige Größen.
Enhancing the fracture toughness is still one of the major challenges in the field of oxide glasses. To screen different glass systems for promising candidates, a theoretical expression for the fracture surface energy, G, linked to the fracture toughness, KIc, is thus of interest. Extending our earlier work on nucleation and surface energies [1], we present a simple approach for predicting the fracture surface energy of oxide glasses, G using readily available crystallographic structure data and diatomic bond energies. The proposed method assumes that G of glass equals the surface fracture energy of the weakest fracture (cleavage) plane of the isochemical crystal. For non-isochemically crystallizing glasses, an average G is calculated from the weighed fracture energy data of the constitutional crystal phases according to Conradt [2]. Our predictions yield good agreement with the glass density- and chemical bond energy-based prediction model of Rouxel [3] and with experimentally obtained G values known at present.
[1] C. Tielemann, S. Reinsch, R. Maass, J. Deubener, R. Müller, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 2022, 14, 100093
[2] R. Conradt, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 2004, 345-346, 16
[3] R., Tanguy, Scripta Materialia 2017, 109-13, 137
Zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7) is a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material which exhibits significant isotropic contraction over a broad temperature range (~150°C < T < 800°C). The linear thermal expansion coefficient of ZrV2O7 is −7.1×10-6 K-. Therefore, it can be used to create composites with controllable expansion coefficients and prevent destruction by thermal shock.
Material characterization, leading to application, requires pure, homogenous samples of high crystallinity via a reliable synthesis route. While there is a selection of described syntheses in the literature, it still needs to be addressed which synthesis route leads to truly pure and homogenous samples. Here, we study the influence of the synthesis methods (solid-state, sol-gel, solvothermal) and their parameters on the sample's purity, crystallinity, and homogeneity. The reproducibility of results and data obtained with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA) were analyzed extensively. The sol-gel method proves superior to the solid-state method and produces higher-quality samples over varying parameters. Sample purity also plays an important role in NTE micro and macro-scale characterizations that explain the impact of porosity versus structural changes.
Moreover, we implement ab-initio-based vibrational computations with partially treated anharmonicity (quasi-harmonic approximation, temperature-dependent effective harmonic potentials) in combination with experimental methods to follow and rationalize the negative thermal expansion in this material, including the influence of the local structure disorder, microstructure, and defects. Khosrovani et al. and Korthuis et al., in a series of diffraction experiments, attributed the thermal contraction of ZrV2O7 to the transverse thermal motion of oxygen atoms in V-O-V linkages. In addition to previous explanations, we hypothesize that local disorder develops in ZrV2O7 crystals during heating.
We are working on the experimental ZrV2O7 development and discuss difficulties one might face in the process as well as high-quality sample significance in further investigation. The obtained samples are currently used in the ongoing research of structure analysis and the negative thermal expansion mechanism.
Zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7) is a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material which exhibits significant isotropic contraction over a broad temperature range (~150°C < T < 800°C). The linear thermal expansion coefficient of ZrV2O7 is −7.1×10-6 K-. Therefore, it can be used to create composites with controllable expansion coefficients and prevent destruction by thermal shock.
Material characterization, leading to application, requires pure, homogenous samples of high crystallinity via a reliable synthesis route. While there is a selection of described syntheses in the literature, it still needs to be addressed which synthesis route leads to truly pure and homogenous samples. Here, we study the influence of the synthesis methods (solid-state, sol-gel, solvothermal) and their parameters on the sample's purity, crystallinity, and homogeneity. The reproducibility of results and data obtained with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA) were analyzed extensively. The sol-gel method proves superior to the solid-state method and produces higher-quality samples over varying parameters. Sample purity also plays an important role in NTE micro and macro-scale characterizations that explain the impact of porosity versus structural changes.
Moreover, we implement ab-initio-based vibrational computations with partially treated anharmonicity (quasi-harmonic approximation, temperature-dependent effective harmonic potentials) in combination with experimental methods to follow and rationalize the negative thermal expansion in this material, including the influence of the local structure disorder, microstructure, and defects. Khosrovani et al. and Korthuis et al., in a series of diffraction experiments, attributed the thermal contraction of ZrV2O7 to the transverse thermal motion of oxygen atoms in V-O-V linkages. In addition to previous explanations, we hypothesize that local disorder develops in ZrV2O7 crystals during heating.
We are working on the experimental ZrV2O7 development and discuss difficulties one might face in the process as well as high-quality sample significance in further investigation. The obtained samples are currently used in the ongoing research of structure analysis and the negative thermal expansion mechanism.
The system Na2O.B2O3-SiO2 (NBS) is the basis of many industrial glass applications and therefore one of the most studied systems at all. Glass formation is possible over a wide compositional range, but the system also contains ranges of pronounced phase separation and crystallization tendency. Despite its importance, experimental data are limited to few compositional areas. The general understanding and modelling of glass formation, phase separation, and crystallization in this system would therefore be easier if small step melt series could be studied. The efficient melting of such glass series is now possible with the new robotic glass melting system at the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Division Glasses). Using three exemplary joins within this NBS system, the small step changes of glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization behavior as well as glass density (Roh) was studied. Additionally, experimental Tg and Roh data were compared with their modeled counterparts using SciGlass and a newly developed DFT model, respectively.
Glasses stand out by their wide and continuously tunable chemical composition and large variety of unique shaping techniques making them a key component of modern high technologies. Glass development, however, is still often too cost-, time- and energy-intensive. The use of robotic melting systems embedded in an ontology-based digital environment is intended to overcome these problems in future. As part of the German research initiative MaterialDigital, the joint project GlasDigital takes first steps in this direction. The project consortium involves the Fraunhofer ISC in Würzburg, the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (OSIM), the Clausthal University of Technology (INW), and the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Division Glasses) and aims to combine all main basic components required for accelerated data driven glass development. For this purpose, a robotic high throughput glass melting system is equipped with novel inline sensors for process monitoring, machine learning (ML)-based, adaptive algorithms for process monitoring and optimization, novel tools for high throughput glass analysis and ML-based algorithms for glass design, including software tools for data mining as well as property and process modelling. The talk gives an overview how all these tools are interconnected and illustrates their usability with some examples.
Suitable material solutions are of key importance in designing and producing components for engineering systems – either for functional or structural applications. Materials data are generated, transferred, and introduced at each step along the complete life cycle of a component. A reliable
materials data space is therefore crucial in the digital transformation of an industrial branch.
A great challenge in establishing a materials data space lies in the complexity and diversity of materials science and engineering. It must be able to handle data from different knowledge areas over several magnitudes of length scale.
The Platform MaterialDigital (PMD) is expected to network a large number of repositories of materials data, allowing the direct contact of different stakeholders as materials producers, testing labs, designers and end users. Following the FAIR principles, it will promote the semantic
interoperability across the frontiers of materials classes. In the frame of a large joint initiative, PMD works intensively together with currently near 20 research consortia in promoting this exchange (www.material-digital.de).
In this presentation we will describe the status of our Platform MaterialDigital. We will also present in more detail the activities of GlasDigital, one of the joint projects mentioned above dealing with the digitalization of glass design and manufacturing.
(https://www.bam.de/Content/EN/Projects/GlasDigital/glasdigital.html)
Gläser zeichnen sich durch eine breite und kontinuierlich abstimmbare chemische Zusammensetzung sowie einzigartige Formgebungstechniken aus, was sie oft zur Schlüsselkomponente moderner Hochtechnologien macht. Die Glasentwicklung ist jedoch oft noch zu kosten-, zeit- und energieintensiv. Der Einsatz von robotergestützten Schmelzsystemen, eingebettet in eine Ontologie-basierte digitale Umgebung, soll diese Probleme in Zukunft überwinden. Im Rahmen der BMBF Forschungsinitiative MaterialDigital unternimmt das Verbundprojekt GlasDigital „Datengetriebener Workflow für die beschleunigte Entwicklung von Glas“ erste Schritte in diese Richtung. Das Projektkonsortium, an dem das Fraunhofer ISC in Würzburg, die Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (OSIM), die Technische Universität Clausthal (INW) und die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM, Fachgruppe Glas) beteiligt sind, will alle wesentlichen Basiskomponenten für eine beschleunigte datengetriebene Glasentwicklung zusammenführen. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein robotergestütztes Hochdurchsatz-Glasschmelzsystem mit neuartigen Inline-Sensoren zur Prozessüberwachung, auf maschinellem Lernen (ML) basierenden adaptiven Algorithmen zur Prozessüberwachung und -optimierung, neuartigen Werkzeugen für die Hochdurchsatz-Glasanalyse sowie ML-basierten Algorithmen zum Glasdesign, Data Mining sowie Eigenschafts- und Prozessmodellierung ausgestattet. Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick darüber, wie all diese Komponenten miteinander verzahnt sind, und veranschaulicht ihre Nutzbarkeit anhand einiger Beispiele.
lasses stand out by their wide and continuously tunable chemical composition and large variety of unique shaping techniques making them a key component of modern high technologies. Glass development, however, is still often too cost-, time- and energy-intensive. The use of robotic melting systems embedded in an ontology-based digital environment is intended to overcome these problems in future. As part of the German research initiative MaterialDigital, the joint project GlasDigital takes first steps in this direction. The project consortium involves the Fraunhofer ISC in Würzburg, the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (OSIM), the Clausthal University of Technology (INW), and the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Division Glasses) and aims to combine all main basic components required for accelerated data driven glass development. For this purpose, a robotic high throughput glass melting system is equipped with novel inline sensors for process monitoring, machine learning (ML)-based, adaptive algorithms for process monitoring and optimization, novel tools for high throughput glass analysis and ML-based algorithms for glass design, including software tools for data mining as well as property and process modelling. The talk gives an overview how all these tools are interconnected and illustrates their usability with some examples.
A Round Robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions, and two from powders.
Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5 % and half of the population width entries within 40 %, respectively. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, much fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets.
For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 % and 86 % respectively. This Round Robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.
A round-robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions and two from powders. Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5% and half of the population width entries within 40%. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, far fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets. For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 and 86%, respectively. This round-robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.
Die Nutzung von Sensortechnologien, insbesondere im Bereich der Gasdetektion mit einem Schwerpunkt auf Wasserstoff, spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen der Wasserstofftechnologie. Sicherheitsüberwachung, Leckdetektion und Prozesskontrolle gehören zu den prominenten Anwendungsgebieten dieser Sensortechnologien. Ein zentrales Ziel ist die Erkennung von freigesetztem Wasserstoff sowie die genaue Bestimmung des Wasserstoff-Luftverhältnisses mithilfe von Gassensoren. Dies ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, um potenzielle Gefahren frühzeitig zu erkennen und angemessene Maßnahmen zu ergreifen.
Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt dieses Beitrags liegt auf der Analytik und der Verwendung zertifizierter Referenzmaterialien in Verbindung mit Metrologie für die Wasserstoffspeicherung. Dies gewährleistet eine präzise und zuverlässige Charakterisierung von Wasserstoff und unterstützt die Entwicklung sicherer Speichertechnologien. Im Rahmen des Euramet-Vorhabens Metrology for Advanced Hydrogen Storage Solutions (MefHySto) wird eine Kurzvorstellung präsentiert.
Der Vortrag stellt zwei zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren zum strukturellen Zustandsüberwachung (Structural Health Monitoring, SHM) für Wasserstofftechnologien vor. Insbesondere die Fehlstellenerkennung mittels geführter Ultraschallwellen spielt eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Lebensdauerüberwachung von Wasserstoffspeichern. Ein weiterer Aspekt ist die Anwendung faseroptischer Sensorik zur Schadensfrüherkennung von Wasserstoffspeichern. Diese zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren ermöglichen eine präzise und frühzeitige Identifizierung von Schäden, was die Sicherheit und Effizienz von Wasserstoffspeichersystemen entscheidend verbessert.
Zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7) is a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material which exhibits significant isotropic contraction over a broad temperature range (~150°C < T < 800°C). The linear thermal expansion coefficient of ZrV2O7 is −7.1×10-6 K-1. Therefore, it can be used to create composites with controllable expansion coefficients and prevent destruction by thermal shock.
Material characterization, leading to application, requires pure, homogenous samples of high crystallinity via a reliable synthesis route. While there is a selection of described syntheses in the literature, it still needs to be addressed which synthesis route leads to truly pure and homogenous samples. Here, we study the influence of the synthesis methods (solid-state, sol-gel, solvothermal) and their parameters on the sample's purity, crystallinity, and homogeneity. The reproducibility of results and data obtained with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA) were analyzed extensively. The sol-gel method proves superior to the solid-state method and produces higher-quality samples over varying parameters. Sample purity also plays an important role in NTE micro and macro-scale characterizations that explain the impact of porosity versus structural changes.
Moreover, we implement ab-initio-based vibrational computations with partially treated anharmonicity (quasi-harmonic approximation, temperature-dependent effective harmonic potentials) in combination with experimental methods to follow and rationalize the negative thermal expansion in this material, including the influence of the local structure disorder, microstructure, and defects. Khosrovani et al. and Korthuis et al., in a series of diffraction experiments, attributed the thermal contraction of ZrV2O7 to the transverse thermal motion of oxygen atoms in V-O-V linkages. In addition to previous explanations, we hypothesize that local disorder develops in ZrV2O7 crystals during heating.
We are working on the experimental ZrV2O7 development and discuss difficulties one might face in the process as well as high-quality sample significance in further investigation. The obtained samples are currently used in the ongoing research of structure analysis and the negative thermal expansion mechanism.
Small-angle scattering data analysis round robin - Anonymized results, figures and Jupyter notebook
(2023)
The intent of this round robin was to find out how comparable results from different researchers are, who analyse exactly the same processed, corrected dataset.
This zip file contains the anonymized results and the jupyter notebook used to do the data processing, analysis and visualisation. Additionally, TEM images of the samples are included.
The search for strong and tough oxide glasses is important for making safer, environment-friendlier, thinner glasses. As fracture toughness experiments in brittle materials are complicated and time-consuming , modelling glass fracture surface energy, G, and fracture toughness, KIc, is of interest for screening promising candidates. Inspired by Rouxel´s idea of preferred crack growth along cutting weakest bonds within a glass structure and a study by Tielemann et al. , which indicates a correlation between crystal fracture surface and glass-crys¬tal interfacial energies, we present a new approach for predicting G. Combining both ideas, we used diatomic bond energies and readily available crystallographic structure data for estimating G. The proposed method assumes that G of the glass equals the surface fracture energy of the cleavage plane in its respective isochemical crystal. We calculated G- values for more than 25 iso-chemical silicate systems and compared them to calculated values from Rouxel’s widely used procedure, which is well working and based on glass densities and chemical bond energies. Not only does our model yields good agreement with [3], but it also enables an estimation for glasses with unknown density and can therefore contribute to broaden the data basis for glass property modelling tools. Most interestingly, however, this agreement indicates an interesting similarity between cleavage planes in a crystal and its corresponding glass state in terms of fracture processes.
Zirconium vanadate (ZrV2O7) is a well-known negative thermal expansion (NTE) material that exhibits significant isotropic contraction over a broad temperature range (~150°C < T < 800°C). Therefore, it can be used to create composites with controllable expansion coefficients and prevent thermal stress, fatigue, cracking, and deformation at interfaces. We implement interdisciplinary research to analyze such material. We study the influence of the synthesis methods and their parameters on the sample's purity, crystallinity, and homogeneity. Moreover, we implement ab initio-based vibrational computations with partially treated anharmonicity in combination with experimental methods to follow temperature-induced structural changes and rationalize the negative thermal expansion in this material, including the influence of the local structure disorder.
The search for strong and tough oxide glasses is important for making safer, more environmentally friendly, thinner glass products. However, this task remains generally difficult due to the material’s inherent brittleness. In search for tougher glasses, fracture toughness (KIC) prediction models are helpful tools to screen for promising candidates.
In this work, a novel model to predict KIC via the fracture surface energy, γ, is presented. Our approach uses readily available crystallographic structure data of the glass’s isochemical crystal and tabled diatomic chemical bond energies, D0. The method assumes that γ of a glass equals the fracture surface energy of the most likely cleavage plane of the crystal. Calculated values were not only in excellent agreement with those calculated with a former well-working model, but also demonstrates a remarkable equivalence between crystal cleavage planes and glass fracture surfaces.
Finally, the effectiveness of fracture toughness enhancement by chemical substitution is discussed based on our results and alternative toughening strategies will be suggested.
Silicate glass fracture surface energy calculated from crystal structure and bond-energy data
(2023)
We present a novel method to predict the fracture surface energy, γ, of isochemically crystallizing silicate glasses using readily available crystallographic structure data of their crystalline counterpart and tabled diatomic chemical bond energies, D0. The method assumes that γ equals the fracture surface energy of the most likely cleavage plane of the crystal. Calculated values were in excellent agreement with those calculated from glass density, network connectivity and D0 data in earlier work. This finding demonstrates a remarkable equivalence between crystal cleavage planes and glass fracture surfaces.
The damage mechanisms of metallic components produced by process laser powder bed fusion differ significantly from those typically observed in conventionally manufactured variants of the same alloy. This is due to the unique microstructures of additively manufactured materials. Herein, the focus is on the study of the evolution of creep damage in stainless steel 316L specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion. X-ray computed tomography is used to unravel the influence of the process-specific microstructure from the influence of the initial void distribution on creep damage mechanisms. The void distribution of two specimens tested at 600 °C and 650 °C is analyzed before a creep test, after an interruption, and after fracture. The results indicate that the formation of damage is not connected to the initial void distribution. Instead, damage accumulation at grain boundaries resulting from intergranular cracking is observed.
The elastic properties (Young's modulus, shear modulus) of Ni-based alloy Inconel IN718 were investigated between room temperature and 800 °C in an additively manufactured variant (laser powder bed fusion, PBF‑LB/M) and from a conventional process route (hot rolled bar). The moduli were determined using the dynamic resonance method. The data set includes information on processing parameters, heat treatments, grain size, specimen dimensions and weight, Young’s and shear modulus as well as their measurement uncertainty.
The dataset was generated in an accredited testing lab using calibrated measuring equipment. The calibrations meet the requirements of the test procedure and are metrologically traceable. The dataset was audited as BAM reference data.
This article reports temperature-dependent elastic properties (Young’s modulus, shear modulus) of three alloys measured by the dynamic resonance method. The alloys Ti-6Al-4V, Inconel IN718, and AISI 316 L were each investigated in a variant produced by an additive manufacturing processing route and by a conventional manufacturing processing route. The datasets include information on processing routes and parameters, heat treatments, grain size, specimen dimensions, and weight, as well as Young’s and shear modulus along with their measurement uncertainty. The process routes and methods are described in detail. The datasets were generated in an accredited testing lab, audited as BAM reference data, and are hosted in the open data repository Zenodo. Possible data usages include the verification of the correctness of the test setup via Young’s modulus comparison in low-cycle fatigue (LCF) or thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) testing campaigns, the design auf VHCF specimens and the use as input data for simulation purposes.
This article refers to the research article entitled “Creep-Fatigue of P92 in Service-Like Tests with Combined Stress- and Strain-Controlled Dwell Times” [1]. It presents experimental mechanical data from complex service-like creep-fatigue experiments performed isothermally at 620 °C and a low strain amplitude of 0.2 % on tempered martensite-ferritic grade P92 steel. The data sets in text file format provide cyclic deformation (min. and max. stresses) and the total (hysteresis) data of all recorded fatigue cycles for three different creep-fatigue experiments: 1) a standard relaxation fatigue (RF) test with symmetrical dwell times of three minutes introduced at minimum and maximum strain, 2) a fully strain-controlled service-like relaxation (SLR) test combining these three-minute peak strain dwells with a 30-minute dwell in between at zero strain, and 3) a partly stress-controlled service-like creep (SLC) test combining the three-minute peak strain dwells with 30-minute dwells at constant stress. Such service-like (SL) tests with additional long-term stress- and strain-controlled dwell times are non-standard, rare, and expensive, making these data very valuable. They may be used to approximate cyclic softening in the technically relevant range, for the design of complex SL experiments, or for detailed analyses of stress-strain hystereses (e.g., for stress or strain partitioning methods, for the determination of hysteresis energies (work), inelastic strain components, etc.). In addition, the latter analyses may supply important input for advanced parametric lifetime modeling of components under creep-fatigue loading or model calibration parameters.
The elastic properties (Young's modulus, shear modulus) of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V were investigated between room temperature and 400 °C in an additively manufactured variant (laser-based directed energy deposition with powder as feedstock, DED-LB/M) and from a conventional process route (hot rolled bar). The moduli were determined using the dynamic resonance method. The data set includes information on processing parameters, heat treatments, microstructure, grain size, specimen dimensions and weight, Young’s and shear modulus as well as their measurement uncertainty.
The dataset was generated in an accredited testing lab using calibrated measuring equipment. The calibrations meet the requirements of the test procedure and are metrologically traceable. The dataset was audited as BAM reference data.
The elastic properties (Young's modulus, shear modulus) of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L were investigated between room temperature and 900 °C in an additively manufactured variant (laser powder bed fusion, PBF‑LB/M) and from a conventional process route (hot rolled sheet). The moduli were determined using the dynamic resonance method. The data set includes information on processing parameters, heat treatments, grain size, specimen dimensions and weight, Young’s and shear modulus as well as their measurement uncertainty.
The dataset was generated in an accredited testing lab using calibrated measuring equipment. The calibrations meet the requirements of the test procedure and are metrologically traceable. The dataset was audited as BAM reference data.
Creep-fatigue of P92 in service-like tests with combined stress- and strain-controlled dwell times
(2023)
Complex service-like relaxation- and creep-fatigue tests with strain- and stress-controlled dwells and fatigue cycle durations of approx. 2200 s were performed exemplarily on a grade P92 steel at 620 ◦C in this study. The results indicate deviations in the prevailing creep mechanisms of long-term relaxation and creep dwells, affecting subsequent dwells, load shifts, and the macroscopic softening behavior quite differently. In addition, fracture surfaces and longitudinal metallographic sections reveal intergranular crack growth for complex loading with stress-controlled dwells, whereas complex strain-controlled tests enhance oxidation and transgranular crack propagation. These findings substantiate the limited transferability of relaxation-fatigue to creep-fatigue conditions.
The damage mechanisms of metallic components produced by process laser powder bed fusion differ significantly from those typically observed in conventionally manufactured variants of the same alloy. This is due to the unique microstructures of additively manufactured materials. Herein, the focus is on the study of the evolution of creep damage in stainless steel 316L specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion. X-ray computed tomography is used to unravel the influence of the process-specific microstructure from the influence of the initial void distribution on creep damage mechanisms. The void distribution of two specimens tested at 600 °C and 650 °C is analyzed before a creep test, after an interruption, and after fracture. The results indicate that the formation of damage is not connected to the initial void distribution. Instead, damage accumulation at grain boundaries resulting from intergranular cracking is observed.
The materials mechanical testing ontology (MTO) was developed by collecting the mechanical testing vocabulary from ISO 23718 standard, as well as the standardized testing processes described for various mechanical testing of materials like tensile testing, Brinell hardness test, Vickers hardness test, stress relaxation test, and fatigue testing.
Versions info:
V2 developed using BFO+CCO top-level ontologies.
V3 developed using PROVO+PMDco top-level ontologies.
V4 developed using BFO+IOF top-level ontologies.
Repositories:
GitLab: https://gitlab.com/kupferdigital/ontologies/mechanical-testing-ontology
GitHub: https://github.com/HosseinBeygiNasrabadi/Mechanical-Testing-Ontology
MatPortal: https://matportal.org/ontologies/MTO
IndustryPortal: https://industryportal.enit.fr/ontologies/MTO
To accelerate the growth of Industry 4.0 technologies, the digitalization of mechanical testing laboratories as one of the main data-driven units of materials processing industries is introduced in this paper. The digital lab infrastructure consists of highly detailed and standard-compliant materials testing knowledge graphs for a wide range of mechanical testing processes, as well as some tools that enable the efficient ontology development and conversion of heterogeneous materials’ mechanical testing data to the machine-readable data of uniform and standardized structures. As a basis for designing such a digital lab, the mechanical testing ontology (MTO) was developed based on the ISO 23718 and ISO/IEC 21838-2 standards for the semantic representation of the mechanical testing experiments, quantities, artifacts, and report data. The trial digitalization of materials mechanical testing lab was successfully performed by utilizing the developed tools and knowledge graph of processes for converting the various experimental test data of heterogeneous structures, languages, and formats to standardized Resource Description Framework (RDF) data formats. The concepts of data storage and data sharing in data spaces were also introduced and SPARQL queries were utilized to evaluate how the introduced approach can result in the data retrieval and response to the competency questions. The proposed digital materials mechanical testing lab approach allows the industries to access lots of trustworthy and traceable mechanical testing data of other academic and industrial organizations, and subsequently organize various data-driven research for their faster and cheaper product development leading to a higher performance of products in engineering and ecological aspects.
Destructive and non-destructive 3D-characterization of inner metal structures in ceramic packages
(2023)
Ceramic multilayer packages provide successful solutions for manifold
applications in telecommunication, microsystem, and sensor technology. In such packages, three-dimensional circuitry is generated by combination of structured and metallized ceramic layers by means of tape casting and multilayer technology. During development and for quality assurance in manufacturing, characterization of integrity, deformation, and positioning of the inner metal features is necessary.
Visualization with high resolution and material contrast is needed.
Robot-assisted 3D-materialography is a useful technique to characterize such multimaterial structures. In that, many sections of the specimen are polished and imaged automatically. A three-dimensional representation of the structure is created by digital combination of the image stack. A quasi non-destructive approach is to perform X-ray computer tomography (CT) with different beam energies. The energies are chosen to achieve a good imaging of either the metal features, or the ceramic matrix of the structure. The combination of the respective tomograms results in a high contrast representation of the entire structure. Both methods were tested to characterize Ag and Ag/Pd conductors in a ceramic multilayer package. The results were compared in terms of information content, effort, and applicability of the methods.
Results of an extended TMF test program on grade P92 steel in the temperature range of 620 ◦C–300 ◦C, comprising in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) tests, partly performed with symmetric dwells at Tmax/Tmin, are presented. In contrast to previous studies, the low-strain regime is also illuminated, which approaches flexible operation in a power plant with start/stop cycles. At all strain amplitudes, the material performance is characterized by continuous cyclic softening, which is retarded in tests at lower strains but reaches similar magnitudes in the course of testing. In the investigated temperature range, the phase angle does not affect fatigue life in continuous experiments, whereas the IP condition is more detrimental in tests with dwells. Fractographic analyses indicate creep-dominated and fatigue-dominated damage for IP and OP, respectively. Analyses of the (micro)hardness distribution in the tested specimens suggest an enhanced microstructural softening in tests with dwell times for the low- but not for the high-strain regime. To rationalize the obtained fatigue data, the fracturemechanics-based DTMF concept, which was developed for TMF life assessment of ductile alloys, was applied. It is found that the DTMF parameter correlates well with the measured fatigue lives, suggesting that subcritical growth of cracks (with sizes from a few microns to a few millimeters) governs failure in the investigated range of strain amplitudes.