5 Werkstofftechnik
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Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 5 Werkstofftechnik (620)
- 5.1 Mikrostruktur Design und Degradation (174)
- 5.2 Metallische Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe (163)
- 5.4 Multimateriale Fertigungsprozesse (123)
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- 8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (54)
- 7 Bauwerkssicherheit (52)
- 9 Komponentensicherheit (47)
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- 6 Materialchemie (40)
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- 9.4 Integrität von Schweißverbindungen (19)
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- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (16)
- 9.6 Additive Fertigung metallischer Komponenten (16)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (14)
- 3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher (12)
- 4 Material und Umwelt (11)
- 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen (11)
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- 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (8)
- 9.3 Schweißtechnische Fertigungsverfahren (7)
- 1.2 Biophotonik (6)
- 3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien (6)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (6)
- 6.5 Synthese und Streuverfahren nanostrukturierter Materialien (5)
- 1.6 Anorganische Referenzmaterialien (4)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (4)
- 6.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (4)
- 6.6 Physik und chemische Analytik der Polymere (4)
- 7.4 Baustofftechnologie (4)
- 8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren (4)
- 9.2 Versuchsanlagen und Prüftechnik (4)
- 6.4 Materialinformatik (3)
- 8.6 Faseroptische Sensorik (3)
- 1.4 Prozessanalytik (2)
- 2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit (2)
- 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern (2)
- 3.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (2)
- 3.4 Sicherheit von Lagerbehältern (2)
- 3.5 Sicherheit von Gasspeichern (2)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (2)
- 6.7 Materialsynthese und Design (2)
- 7.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (2)
- 7.7 Modellierung und Simulation (2)
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (2)
- 1.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (1)
- 1.8 Umweltanalytik (1)
- 1.9 Chemische und optische Sensorik (1)
- 3.6 Elektrochemische Energiematerialien (1)
- 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung (1)
- 6.2 Material- und Oberflächentechnologien (1)
- 9.5 Tribologie und Verschleißschutz (1)
- VP Vizepräsident (1)
- VP.1 eScience (1)
This poster presents the focused ion beam preparation methodologies developed within the framework of the EU funded EURAMET project ADVENT (Advanced Energy-Saving Technology).
It summarises the key breakthroughs achieved for various in situ investigation techniques, e.g. in situ experiments at the Synchrotron facility BESSY II (IR-SNOM and XRS), TEM and SMM instrumentation.
The created experimental devices from diverse thin-film semiconductor materials paved the way to dynamic structural studies bearing the potential to determine nanoscale correlations between strain and electric fields and, moreover, for the fundamental development of new in situ capabilities.
Fracture mechanics is a key to fatigue assessment in AM metal components. Short fatigue cracks are initiated at defects and pronounced surface roughness intrinsic to AM. The subsequent crack-propagation is strongly influenced by microstructural interactions and the build-up of crack-closure. The aim of the present study is to give an insight into short-crack propagation in AM-metals. Fatigue crack propagation resistance curves were determined experimentally for AISI 316L manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) which was heat treated at three different temperatures. Differences in the build-up of the fatigue-crack propagation threshold in between the L-PBF specimens and compared to wrought material are due to the residual stress states, a pronounced roughness of the crack-faces in the L-PBF specimens and phase transformation in the vicinity of the crack-tip, resulting in increased crack-closure. This, together with crack-branching found along the crack path, enhances the resistance to the propagation of fatigue cracks.
The importance of high-entropy alloy (HEAs) in the field of materials research is increasing continuously and numerous studies have been published, recently. These are mainly focused on manufacturing of different alloy systems having excellent structural properties from low to high temperatures. Therefore, HEAs are of high potential for many applications in very demanding conditions. However, this is so far limited by poor knowledge and experience regarding economic and reliable component manufacturing. The processability of HEAs has hardly been investigated so far, indicated by the small number of publications worldwide: welding <30 and machining <5.
Hence, this contribution provides an overview about the current state of the art on processing of HEAs. Fundamental principles are shown for safe weld joints while ensuring high component integrity. For safe welding, the combined consideration of complex interactions of material, construction and process is necessary. Recent studies on different HEAs showed the influence of heat input by means of different welding processes on the microstructure and respective properties. Based on intensive literature survey and on our initial study, the main research objectives of processing HEAs are presented.
Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is a promising technology to reach the target for reduction of CO2 emissions. Crucial points for a sustainable and future-proof CCUS system are reliability and cost efficiency of the whole process chain, including separation of CO2 from the source, compression of CO2, its subsequent transportation to the injection site and injection into geological formations, e.g. aquifers. Recent studies have shown that even at a very low concentration of impurities, condensation of sulfuric and nitric acids in dense phase CO2 are possible and observable. Thus, impact of impure CO2 stream toward corrosion susceptibility of materials to be used in CCUS system need to be considered. In this talk, basing on results achieved from two German long-term projects (COORAL and CLUSTER), the dominating impurities of the CO2 stream and corrosion mechanisms are addressed. Investigations cover the whole CCUS process chain and provide a material recommendation for certain parts.
The high-entropy alloy (HEA) CrMnFeCoNi and the medium-entropy alloy (MEA) CrCoNi with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure have excellent mechanical properties and are considered for high-temperature applications. Both materials were exposed under several oxidized atmospheres in a wide temperature range/regime. Mn-oxide (Mn3O4, Mn2O3) was mainly formed on the HEA and Cr2O3 on the MEA. The fast diffusion of manganese prevents the formation of a continuous chromia layer on CrMnFeCoNi in Ar-O2, Ar-H2O and Ar-SO2 at 800°C.
The Cantor alloy and his ternary subsystem CrCoNi were exposed in Ar-O2-H2O-SO2 at 800°C up to 96 h to clarify their oxidation behavior in a mixed atmosphere. The oxidized samples were analyzed by weight measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). It was found that mass gain of all samples increased with increasing exposure time. The oxidation rate of the Cantor alloy is significantly higher than that of the ternary alloy system.
Physical storage of gaseous hydrogen under high-pressure in glassy micro-containers such as spheres and capillaries is a promising concept for enhancing safety and the volumetric capacity of mobile hydrogen storage systems. As very low permeation through the container wall is required for storage of compressed hydrogen, development of glasses of minimal hydrogen permeability is needed. For this purpose, one has to understand better the dependence of hydrogen permeability on glass structure. The paper points out that minimizing the accessible free volume is as one strategy to minimize hydrogen permeability. Based on previously measured and comprehensive literature data, it is shown that permeation is independently controlled by ionic porosity and network modifier content. Thus, ionic porosity in modified and fully polymerized networks can be decreased equally to the lowest hydrogen permeability among the glasses under study. Applying this concept, a drop of up to 30,000 with respect to the permeation of hydrogen molecules through silica glass is attainable.
Trace elements W and Hf have different influence on the microstructure and the mechanical properties when added to the Al10Co25Cr8Fe15Ni36Ti6 compositionally complex alloy. The addition of both can thus merge both element’s beneficial influences when combined with the appropriate heat treatment: Hf enhances the cubicity of the γ’ particles in the γ matrix while the W reduces the negative influence of the Heusler phase: this phase can be completely dissolved when W is present in the alloy.
This paper investigates fast and inexpensive measurement methods for defect detection in parts produced by Additive Manufacturing (AM) with special focus on lattice parts made of ceramics. By Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing, parts were built both without defects and with typical defects intentionally introduced. These defects were investigated and confirmed by industrial X-ray Computed Tomography. Alternative inexpensive methods were applied afterwards on the parts such as weighing, volume determination by Archimedes method and gas permeability measurement. The results showed, that defects resulting in around 20% of change in volume and mass could be separated from parts free of defects by determination of mass or volume. Minor defects were not detectable as they were in the range of process-related fluctuations. Permeability measurement did not allow to safely identify parts with defects. The measurement methods investigated can be easily integrated in AM process chains to support quality control.
The 5G technology promises real time data transmission for industrial processes, autonomous driving, virtual and augmented reality, E-health applications and many more. The Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) technology is well suited for the manufacturing of microelectronic components for such applications. Still, improvement of the technology such as further miniaturization is required. This study focuses on the characterization of inner metallization of LTCC multilayer modules, especially on the vertical interconnect access (VIA). Critical considerations for this characterization are delamination, pore clustering in and at the edge of the VIA, deformation, and stacking offset. A LTCC multilayer consisting of a glassy crystalline matrix with silver based VIAs was investigated by synchrotron x-ray tomography (CT). The aim of this study is to propose a multitude of structural characteristic values to maximize the information gained from the available dataset. Data analysis has been done with the open source software ImageJ as well as several additional plugins. The high-resolution CT data was evaluated through 2D slices for accessibility reasons. The segmentation of all 2000 slices to assess the different regions e.g. pores, silver and glass ceramic was done by a supervised machine learning algorithm. A quantitative evaluation of shape, deformation, and porosity of the VIA with respect to its dimensions is presented and the suitability of the characterization approach is assessed.
The 5G technology promises real time data transmission for industrial processes, autonomous driving, virtual and augmented reality, E-health applications and many more. The Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) technology is well suited for the manufacturing of microelectronic components for such applications. Still, improvement of the technology such as further miniaturization is required. This study focuses on the characterization of inner metallization of LTCC multilayer modules, especially on the vertical interconnect access (VIA). Critical considerations for this characterization are delamination, pore clustering in and at the edge of the VIA, deformation, and stacking offset. A LTCC multilayer consisting of a glassy crystalline matrix with silver based VIAs was investigated by synchrotron x-ray tomography (CT). The aim of this study is to propose a multitude of structural characteristic values to maximize the information gained from the available dataset. Data analysis has been done with the open source software ImageJ as well as several additional plugins. The high-resolution CT data was evaluated through 2D slices for accessibility reasons. The segmentation of all 2000 slices to assess the different regions e.g. pores, silver and glass ceramic was done by a supervised machine learning algorithm. A quantitative evaluation of shape, deformation, and porosity of the VIA with respect to its dimensions is presented and the suitability of the characterization approach is assessed.