4 Material und Umwelt
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Vortrag (435)
Sprache
- Englisch (276)
- Deutsch (153)
- Spanisch (4)
- Französisch (2)
Referierte Publikation
- nein (435)
Schlagworte
- Biocides (20)
- Antimicrobial resistance (19)
- Nano (18)
- Recycling (17)
- Ink (16)
- MIC (14)
- Biofilms (12)
- Phosphor (12)
- XRF (12)
- Klärschlamm (11)
- PFAS (11)
- Phosphorrückgewinnung (11)
- Nanomaterial (10)
- OECD (10)
- Antimicrobial coating (9)
- Bacteria (9)
- Corrosion (9)
- Deponie (9)
- Evolution (9)
- Leaching (9)
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (8)
- Risk assessment (8)
- VOC (8)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (7)
- Phosphorus recovery (7)
- Standardization (7)
- Archaeometry (6)
- CFK (6)
- E. coli (6)
- Emission (6)
- Manuscript (6)
- Manuscripts (6)
- Methanogens (6)
- Nanopartikel (6)
- Ringversuch (6)
- Rostasche (6)
- Sewage sludge (6)
- Soil (6)
- Termite (6)
- Aerosol (5)
- BBodSchV (5)
- BOFS (5)
- Bauprodukte (5)
- Black fungi (5)
- Disinfection (5)
- Genetics (5)
- Geokunststoffe (5)
- Gichtgasschlamm (5)
- Humboldt Codices (5)
- Hydraulic reactivity (5)
- Indoor air quality (5)
- Klärschlammverordnung (5)
- NAP-XPS (5)
- Papier (5)
- Sekundärrohstoffe (5)
- Tolerance (5)
- XANES spectroscopy (5)
- Alginate (4)
- BEMMA (4)
- Biocide (4)
- Bodenmaterial (4)
- Bundesoberbehörden (4)
- Carbon Fibers (4)
- Cascade impactor (4)
- Coptic (4)
- Dünger (4)
- EN 16516 (4)
- Ecotoxicity (4)
- Elektroofenstaub (4)
- Emission reference materials (4)
- Fungus (4)
- Inks (4)
- Kunststoffdichtungsbahn (4)
- Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen (4)
- Melanin (4)
- Museum (4)
- PAK (4)
- Phosphorus (4)
- Pigments (4)
- Prüfrichtlinie (4)
- Pyrometallurgy (4)
- Raman spectroscopy (4)
- Ressourcenrückgewinnung (4)
- Reverse glass painting (4)
- TXRF (4)
- Transformation (4)
- Verwertung (4)
- X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (4)
- ZfP (4)
- Zink (4)
- Analytik (3)
- Antibiotics (3)
- Antimikrobielle Resistenz (3)
- Antmikrobielle Oberflächen (3)
- Archaea (3)
- Baustoffrecycling (3)
- Beschleunigte Alterung (3)
- Biozide (3)
- CIC (3)
- Cabonfasern (3)
- Carbon steel (3)
- Carbonfaser (3)
- Combustion ion chromatography (3)
- Cultural heritage (3)
- DRIFTS (3)
- Düngemittel (3)
- EOF (3)
- Electric Arc Furnace (3)
- Environmental evaluation (3)
- Environmental simulation (3)
- Fertilizer (3)
- Formaldehyd (3)
- Geogitter (3)
- Glutaraldehyde (3)
- Gypsum (3)
- HP14 (3)
- Heterogeneity (3)
- ISO 16000-6 (3)
- Immune gene family (3)
- Immunity (3)
- Ink analyses (3)
- Iron-gall ink (3)
- Klärschlammasche (3)
- Korrosion (3)
- Kulturgut (3)
- Light (3)
- Makronährstoffe (3)
- Mantelverordnung (3)
- Material science (3)
- Materials emissions test (3)
- Mechanochemical treatment (3)
- Methanogen (3)
- Methanogen-induced microbiologically influenced corrosion (3)
- Microbiology (3)
- Mikroplastik (3)
- Non destructive analytical techniques (3)
- Nährstoffe (3)
- PFC (3)
- Phenotypic diversity (3)
- Pigment (3)
- Portland Cement (3)
- Pyrometallurgie (3)
- Recycling materials (3)
- Remediation (3)
- Resistance (3)
- Robustness studies (3)
- Spectroscopy (3)
- Standardisierung (3)
- Steelmaking (3)
- Sulfate reducing bacteria (3)
- Test guideline (3)
- VVOCs (3)
- Virus (3)
- XANES (3)
- XRF analysis (3)
- Zement (3)
- 3D printing (2)
- AbfKlärV (2)
- Air quality monitoring (2)
- Analytical method (2)
- Antimicrobial surfaces (2)
- Arabic Recipes (2)
- Architecture (2)
- Archäometrie (2)
- Ashdec (2)
- Bauxite Residue (2)
- Behördenklausurtagung (2)
- Bio-weathering (2)
- Biocide tolerance (2)
- Biofilm (2)
- Black fungus (2)
- Böden (2)
- CDW processing (2)
- CSMC (2)
- Cairo Genizah (2)
- Chemical analysis (2)
- Chemical durability (2)
- Chinese paper (2)
- Combustion Ion Chromatography (2)
- Construction products (2)
- Corrosion products (2)
- Cross-resistance (2)
- DGT (2)
- Deponien (2)
- Dichtungskontrollsysteme (2)
- Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) (2)
- Disinfectants (2)
- Element mass concentration (2)
- Elutionsverhalten (2)
- Emerging (2)
- Emission reference material (2)
- Environmental Simulation (2)
- Eusociality (2)
- Extremotolerance (2)
- FFF-3D-Printer (2)
- FTIR (2)
- Fungal biofilms (2)
- Fungi (2)
- Genomics (2)
- Geosynthetics (2)
- Geruch (2)
- Glass (2)
- Group defence (2)
- Größenbestimmung (2)
- HI-Tension (2)
- Holzschutz (2)
- Horizontal gene transfer (2)
- Hydrogen (2)
- ICP-MS (2)
- IPM (2)
- In-situ analysis (2)
- Ink composition (2)
- Inkwells (2)
- Interdisciplinary (2)
- Knufia (2)
- Knufia petricola (2)
- Kreislaufwirtschaft (2)
- Kunststoffrasen (2)
- LA-ICP-MS (2)
- LD-Schlacke (2)
- Landwirtschaft (2)
- Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (2)
- Lichtbogenofen (2)
- Low melting (2)
- Luft (2)
- Lysimeter (2)
- Manuscript studies (2)
- Metabolism (2)
- Microbial (2)
- Middle Ages (2)
- Mikrobiell beeinflusste Korrosion (2)
- Mikroorganismen (2)
- Modelling studies (2)
- Monoverbrennungsanlage (2)
- Museum Pests (2)
- Mutation rate (2)
- Nanofasern (2)
- Nanomaterialien (2)
- Nanomaterials (2)
- Normung (2)
- Olivine (2)
- Papyrus (2)
- Particles (2)
- Particulate emission (2)
- Partikel (2)
- Passive sampling (2)
- Pathogen (2)
- Persian manuscripts (2)
- Phopshorus recovery (2)
- Pollutants (2)
- Polymere (2)
- Recycling fertiliser (2)
- Recycling fertilisers (2)
- Red Mud (2)
- Reference material (2)
- Reproduzierbarkeit (2)
- Sanierung (2)
- Sc-ICP-ToF-MS (2)
- Scandium (2)
- Secondary Recources (2)
- Sewage sludge ordinance (2)
- Single cell analysis (2)
- Size (2)
- Solar panel (2)
- Spannungsrissbeständigkeit (2)
- Standardisation (2)
- Stress (2)
- TED-GC/MS (2)
- Tantal (2)
- Tantalum (2)
- Termite phylogeny (2)
- Total reflection X-ray spectroscopy (2)
- UV radiation (2)
- Ultrafine particles (2)
- Umweltsimulation (2)
- VIS (2)
- VOC-Emissionen (2)
- Volatile organic compounds (2)
- Wasserzeichen (2)
- Waste management (2)
- Weathering (2)
- XPS (2)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2)
- Zitronensäure (2)
- fungus (2)
- melanin (2)
- 3D Printing (1)
- 3D inspection (1)
- AMR (1)
- AOF (1)
- ASAP-MS (1)
- ATR (1)
- Abdichtungssystem (1)
- Abfallbehandlung (1)
- Abwasserbehandlung (1)
- Academia (1)
- Additive Fertigung (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (AM) (1)
- Additive manufacturing (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone receptor (1)
- Advanced Materials (1)
- Aerosol measurements (1)
- Aerosol spectroscopy (1)
- Agarose (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Aging test (1)
- Air quality (1)
- Airborne Particles (1)
- Alite (1)
- Alite hydraulic reactivity (1)
- Alkali zinc borate glass (1)
- Alkalien (1)
- Altlasten (1)
- Ambient aerosol (1)
- Ambient aerosols (1)
- Ambient air (1)
- Ambient air pollution (1)
- Ammoniak (1)
- Ammonium (1)
- Analytical chemistry (1)
- Analytische Methode (1)
- Ancient INKS (1)
- Anobium punctatum (1)
- Anoxia (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Antibakterielle Oberflächen (1)
- Antibiotic (1)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (1)
- Antimicrobials (1)
- Antimon (1)
- Apanteles carpatus (1)
- Arabic recipes (1)
- Archéométrie (1)
- Ascomycetes (1)
- Auslaugverfahren (1)
- Auswaschung (1)
- Auswaschversuche (1)
- Authentifizierung (1)
- Autoclave tests (1)
- BEMMA Bewertung (1)
- BMU (1)
- BODIPY dye (1)
- Bacteria repellent surfaces (1)
- Bacterial adhesion (1)
- Bacterial adhesion tests (1)
- Bacterial attachment (1)
- Bacterial infection (1)
- Bagasse (1)
- Baryscapus tineivorus (1)
- Bassanite (1)
- Bauhaus (1)
- Bauproduktenverordnung (1)
- Bee (1)
- Bees (1)
- Bestandserhaltung (1)
- Beständigkeit (1)
- Bewehrungen aus Kunststoff (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biofilm formation (1)
- Biofilm growth (1)
- Biofilme (1)
- Bioilm (1)
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Biological Control (1)
- Biologische Bekämpfung (1)
- Biosphere-technosphere interaction (1)
- Biotische/abiotische Faktoren (1)
- Biozid (1)
- Black Ink (1)
- Blast furnace sludge (1)
- Blattodea (1)
- Blue Angel ecolabel (1)
- Boden (1)
- Botrytis (1)
- Botrytis cinerea (1)
- Bottom ash (1)
- Building products (1)
- CEN (1)
- CFRP (1)
- CO2 assisted impregnation (1)
- COST (1)
- COST Action (1)
- CRM (1)
- Calcium silicate (1)
- Calcium sulfate (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Carbide formation (1)
- Carbon feeding (1)
- Carbon ink (1)
- Carbon steel corrosion (1)
- Carbonbeton (1)
- Carbonfasern (1)
- Carotenoids (1)
- Cast iron (1)
- Characterization (1)
- Chemical characterization (1)
- Chemical composition (1)
- Chinese Paper (1)
- Chromium (1)
- Clinker substitute (1)
- Coastal protection (1)
- Cockroach (1)
- Codicology (1)
- Conditioning layer (1)
- Construction Products (1)
- Construction and demolition waste (1)
- Consumer products (1)
- Contamination (1)
- Controllable gene expression (1)
- Controlled release fertilisers (1)
- Core/shell nanoparticle (1)
- Corrosion product (1)
- Corynetes caeruleus (1)
- Crispr/Cas9 (1)
- Cultural Entomology (1)
- Cultural Heritage (1)
- Culuative energy demand (1)
- DIN (1)
- DIN EN 16516 (1)
- DIN EN 350 (1)
- DIN EN 717-1 (1)
- DMAS (1)
- DSLT (1)
- Dauerhaftigkeit (1)
- Dead Sea Scrolls (1)
- Deponiebau (1)
- Deponietechnik (1)
- Desiccation (1)
- Design of experiments (1)
- Dichtungskontrollsystem (1)
- Diffusive Gradients in thin films (DGT) (1)
- Diffusive sampling (1)
- Digitalisation (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Disease (1)
- Dispay case (1)
- Display case (1)
- Drawing (1)
- Drawings (1)
- Dyes (1)
- E$volution (1)
- EN 717-1 (1)
- EOF/AOF (1)
- EU EMPIR (1)
- EU regulations (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ectoine (1)
- Edible insects (1)
- Effective uptake rate (1)
- Efflux (1)
- Electric arc furnace dust (1)
- Electron microscopy (1)
- Elektronisches Laborbuch (1)
- Element analysis (1)
- Element mass concetration (1)
- Elutionsverfahren (1)
- Emerging Contaminants (1)
- Emission Test Chamber (1)
- Emission Testing (1)
- Emission chambers (1)
- Emission test chamber (1)
- Emission test chamber procedure (1)
- Emission testing (1)
- Emissionen (1)
- Emissions (1)
- Emissions of hazardous gases (1)
- Emissionskammer (1)
- Emissionsmessungen (1)
- Emissionsprüfkammer (1)
- Emisson testing (1)
- Enamel colors (1)
- Encre (1)
- Environmental friendly (1)
- Ergebnisunsicherheit (1)
- Ersatzbaustoffe (1)
- Europa (1)
- European research area (1)
- Exposure risk (1)
- Extraktionsversuche (1)
- Extreme environments (1)
- Extremophilic fungi (1)
- FEM model (1)
- FIB/SEM (1)
- FTIR spectroscopy (1)
- FTIR-, XRF-, VIS- espectroscopia (1)
- Farbmittel (1)
- Fassadenfarbe (1)
- Fassadenfarben (1)
- Feeding behaviour (1)
- Fibre analysis (1)
- Filament comparison (1)
- Filterstaub (1)
- Flammschutzmittel (1)
- Flow Model (1)
- Flow system (1)
- Flow-system (1)
- Fluor XANES (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorometric sensing (1)
- Formaldehyde (1)
- Forschungsförderung (1)
- Forschungsstrategie (1)
- Freisetzung und Transfer von Schadstoffen (1)
- Fume (1)
- Fälschungserkennung (1)
- Gas chromatography (1)
- Gas sensing (1)
- Gas storage (1)
- Gene network (1)
- Genetic tools (1)
- Genizah du Caire (1)
- Genome editing (1)
- Geotextilien (1)
- Gesteinskorrosion (1)
- Gesteinskörnungen (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gipsabfälle (1)
- Gipsrecycling (1)
- Glass scanning (1)
- Gleichwertigkeit Messverfahren (1)
- Gold (1)
- Green pesticide (1)
- Greenhouse gas balance (1)
- Ground water (1)
- Grundwasser (1)
- Größe (1)
- Gut microbiota (1)
- Gypsum fiberboards and synthetic gypsum (1)
- Gypsum recycling (1)
- Gütezeichen (1)
- H2-Abbau (1)
- HAXPES (1)
- HDPE geomembrane (1)
- HR-CS-GFMAS (1)
- HR-GF-MAS (1)
- Hausbock (1)
- Heavy metal removal (1)
- Herculaneum (1)
- Hi-Tension (1)
- Historic ink (1)
- Horizontal gene transfer HGT (1)
- Hylotrupes bajulus (1)
- IAQ (1)
- ISO (1)
- ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies (1)
- Illness-induced anorexia (1)
- In situ (1)
- Incineration bottom ash (1)
- Indoor Air Quality (1)
- Indoor Products (1)
- Indoor emission (1)
- Industrial applications (1)
- Industrielles Abwasser (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Initial attachment (1)
- Ink terminology (1)
- Innenraum (1)
- Integrated Museum Pest Management (IMPM) (1)
- Ionizing radiation (1)
- Ir DNA staining approach (1)
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (1)
- Jewish cultures (1)
- Kleidermotte (1)
- Klimaneutralität (1)
- Kontamination (1)
- Kontamination von H2 (1)
- Kraftstoffabbau (1)
- Kraftstoffbehälter (1)
- Kumulierter Energieaufwand (1)
- Kunststoffschweißen (1)
- Lake Cadagno (1)
- Landfill liner (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) (1)
- Laser Printer (1)
- Laser processing (1)
- Laser-Materialbearbeitung (1)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structueres (LIPPS) (1)
- Leak detection (1)
- Leather (1)
- Lebensmittelindustrie (1)
- Leichtbau (1)
- Light regulation (1)
- Light sensing (1)
- Lightning talk (1)
- Lightweighting (1)
- Low cost aerosol PM sensor (1)
- Luftschadstoffe (1)
- Lysimeter, Antimony (1)
- MIC Island (1)
- MSWI bottom ash (1)
- Manuscripta Americana, Techialoyan (1)
- Manuscrits (1)
- Manuskripte (1)
- Marble (1)
- Market surveillance (1)
- Mass spectroscopy (1)
- Material emissions testing (1)
- Material surface colonisation (1)
- Materials emissions testing (1)
- Materials flow (1)
- Melanins (1)
- Metal reducing bacteria (1)
- Metallic silver precipitates (1)
- Metallkorrosion (1)
- Metalls (1)
- Metals (1)
- Methanogenesis (1)
- Method development (1)
- Methoden (1)
- Microbial communities (1)
- Microbiological influenced corrosion MIC (1)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) (1)
- Microorganism (1)
- Migration (1)
- Mikrobiell (1)
- Mikrobielle Gemeinschaft (1)
- Mineral weathering (1)
- Mircobially influcenced corrosion (1)
- Model (1)
- Model organism (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Molecular (1)
- Monoverbrennung (1)
- Moyen-âge (1)
- Multigassensorik (1)
- Museumsvitrine (1)
- Museumsvitrinen (1)
- Mutagenesis (1)
- NDT (1)
- NFDI (1)
- NIR reflectography (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Nano characterization (1)
- Nano particle (1)
- Nano@BAM (1)
- NanoSIMS (1)
- Nanocarrier (1)
- Nanoparticle (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanoplattform (1)
- Nanorods (1)
- Nanotechnologie (1)
- Nassaufbereitung (1)
- Netzwerk (1)
- Neuartige Materialien (1)
- Neuropeptide (1)
- Neutralammoniumcitrat (1)
- Neutralammoniumnitrat (1)
- Nitrate (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- Non destructive (1)
- Non-destructiv testing (1)
- Non-destructive testing (1)
- Nostoc (1)
- Novel sample preparation techniques (1)
- Nuclear waste disposal (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Oberflächenfunktionalisierung (1)
- Office machines (1)
- On-Line Analyse (1)
- Operating Procedure (1)
- Optical properties (1)
- Optische Tomografie (1)
- Ordinance on Contaminated Sites and Soil Protection (1)
- P-Recyclate (1)
- P-Rückgewinnung (1)
- P-Senken (1)
- P-recovery (1)
- PAH (1)
- PBFSM (1)
- PE-HD (1)
- PFAS analysis (1)
- PFAS analytics (1)
- PM (1)
- Paints (1)
- Paper (1)
- Paper tinting (1)
- Parchment (1)
- Particle (1)
- Particle Size (1)
- Particle gas emission (1)
- Particle size (1)
- Particulate emissions (1)
- Partikeldurchmesser (1)
- Partikeln (1)
- Per- und Polyfluoroierte Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) (1)
- Perfluorierte Verbindungen (1)
- Performance comparison (1)
- Persian manuscript (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Phase separation (1)
- Phosphorbestimmung (1)
- Photoperception (1)
- Phototrophic bacteria (1)
- Pilz (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plastic biofilm (1)
- Plastic pollution (1)
- Plume (1)
- Polymer foils (1)
- Polypropylen (1)
- Polystyrol (1)
- Preferential binding (1)
- Process control (1)
- Process monitoring (1)
- Projekte (1)
- Proteomics (1)
- Prozessmonitoring (1)
- Prüfkammer (1)
- Prürfrichtlinie (1)
- Push-out Test (1)
- Quality assurance (1)
- Quality assurance/quality control (1)
- Quantum dot (1)
- Qumranrollen (1)
- RAMAN (1)
- REACH (1)
- RFA (1)
- Radon (1)
- Raman (1)
- Recovery (1)
- Red chalk (1)
- Reduction (1)
- Reduction process (1)
- Reference data (1)
- Reference materials (1)
- Reference method (1)
- Reference procedures (1)
- Reflectography (1)
- Regulations (1)
- Reifenabrieb (1)
- Release kinetics (1)
- Rembrandt (1)
- Resistance evolution (1)
- Ressourceneffizienz (1)
- Ressourcenschonung (1)
- Restoration and conservation (1)
- Ringversuch P-Gehalt in Klärschlamm (1)
- Risikobewertung (1)
- Rock-inhabiting black fungi (1)
- Rock-inhabiting fungus (1)
- Rotschlamm (1)
- Round robin test (1)
- Röntgenspektroskopie (1)
- Rückgewinnung (1)
- SC-ICP-ToF-MS (1)
- SEM-EDS (1)
- SERS (1)
- SMPS (1)
- SOP (1)
- SRB (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Schadstoffaustrag (1)
- Schadstofftransfer (1)
- Schimmel (1)
- Schlacke (1)
- Schutzschichten (1)
- Schädling (1)
- Secondary building materials (1)
- Secondary metabolism (1)
- Secondary resources (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sekundärgipse (1)
- Selective chlorination (1)
- Selektion (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Sequenzielle Extraktion (1)
- Sewage sludge ash (1)
- Sewage sludge incineration (1)
- Silver diffusion (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Single cell (1)
- Size distribution (1)
- Size resolved chemical composition (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Social (1)
- Social immunity (1)
- Soil P species (1)
- Soil-like material (1)
- Soil-like materials (1)
- Solar parks (1)
- Spatter (1)
- Speziierungsanalyse (1)
- Spielzeug (1)
- Sportböden (1)
- Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis (1)
- Stahlwerksschlacke (1)
- Stained glass (1)
- Stainless steel (1)
- Stakeholder (1)
- Stalwerksschlacke (1)
- Standardarbeitsanweisungen (1)
- Steelmaking slag (1)
- Stoffstromanalyse (1)
- Stress tolerance (1)
- Structured light scanning (1)
- Subaerial biofilm (1)
- Sum parameter analysis (1)
- Summenparameter (1)
- Surface chemistry (1)
- Surface functionalization (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Synchotron (1)
- Synchrotron (1)
- Tanning (1)
- Tauchtest (1)
- Technologietransfer (1)
- Termites (1)
- Test Guideline (1)
- Test method (1)
- Test strip (1)
- Teststreifen (1)
- Testverfahren (1)
- Thermal Desorption (1)
- Thermal Extraction (1)
- Thermal desorption (1)
- Thermal imaging (1)
- Thermal properties (1)
- Thermal treatment (1)
- Thermische Abfallbehandlung (1)
- Thermochemisch (1)
- Thermochemische Prozesse (1)
- Thermografie (1)
- Thermographie (1)
- Thermoplastic filaments (1)
- Time resolved chemical composition (1)
- Tineola bisselliella (1)
- Tinting (1)
- ToF SIMS (1)
- ToF-SIMS (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Torah Scrolls (1)
- Trait-based ecology (1)
- Transposon (1)
- Tricalciumsilikat (1)
- UFP (1)
- UV absorption (1)
- UV protection (1)
- UV tolerance (1)
- UV-VIS Reflectance spectroscopy (1)
- UV-VIS reflectance spectroscopy (1)
- UV-irradiation (1)
- Ultrakurzpuls-Laser (1)
- Umwelt (1)
- Unterirdische Speicher (1)
- Upscaling (1)
- Uptake rate (1)
- Utilization (1)
- VAMAS (1)
- VOC Emission (1)
- VOC transfer standards (1)
- VOC-emission (1)
- Versuchskampagne (1)
- Virulence (1)
- Vitrinen (1)
- Volatile organic compounds (VOC) (1)
- Vues des Cordillères (1)
- WKI flask method (1)
- Wasserbau (1)
- Wasserstofflagerung (1)
- Waste water treatment (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Weathering tests (1)
- Wiederholbarkeit (1)
- Wiederverwertung (1)
- Wooden toys (1)
- Workflows (1)
- Wärmedämmverbundsystem (1)
- X-Ray fluorescence (1)
- X-Ray fluorescence analyses (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- X-ray spectroscopic techniques (1)
- XRF-, FTIR-, VIS-espectroscopía (1)
- XRF-, VIS- FTIR-spectroscopy (1)
- XRF-, VIS- spectroscopy (1)
- Zeichenmaterialien (1)
- Zementersatz (1)
- Zementklinker (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zinnschlacken (1)
- black fungus (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- genetics (1)
- historic inks (1)
- individual-based modelling (1)
- infrared spectroscopy (1)
- light (1)
- multi scale testing (1)
- pigmentation (1)
- plant pathogen (1)
- signaling (1)
- thermochemische Behandlung (1)
- virulence (1)
- Äquivalenzdurchmesser (1)
- Ökobilanz (1)
- Ökotoxizität (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 4 Material und Umwelt (435)
- 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung (92)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (91)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (81)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (75)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (66)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (44)
- 6 Materialchemie (30)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (27)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (16)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (435) (entfernen)
While studying the socio-geographic history of inks, division 4.5 of the BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung) together with the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures in Hamburg has developed a protocol for ink analysis. It consists of a primary screening to determine the type of the ink, and a subsequent in-depth analysis using several spectroscopic techniques. The XRF elemental analysis aims primarily at understanding the fingerprints of inks containing metals, making it possible to distinguish among different inks.
Our own research aims primarily at recreating a socio-geographic history of inks, parchment, and papyrus and includes the comparative analysis of the writing materials of the Dead Sea Scrolls, ink and papyrus in Ancient and Hellenistic Egypt, and inks in documents from various contemporary medieval communities in Fustat (first nucleus of Cairo). During many years of study, we concluded that the continuous production of Coptic manuscripts from late Antiquity to the Middle Ages offers a unique opportunity for historical study of the ink in a large geographic area. Thanks to the collaboration with the ERC project “PAThs” (www.paths.uniroma1.it), based at the University of Rome La Sapienza, and within the activities of a PhD research dedicated to this topic, we therefore created a new branch of our project focused entirely on the analysis of Coptic inks, pigments, and dyes. This pioneering systematic study of writing materials coming from a specific area and time frame (5th-10th century) aims not only at a better understanding of the complex Coptic multicultural and plurilingual society, but also and mainly at clarifying the links among the Coptic and other societies between the ancient and medieval eras. Finally, it will cast light on the history of the technological development of inks in the eastern world, from Antiquity to the middle ages.
An approach to achieve “zero leakage” is discussed with respect to the experience in Germany, where strict regulations for landfill lining and capping systems have been developed and issued because of large environmental problems related to landfills that accumulated in the 1970’s and 1980’s. These regulations for landfills and geosynthetics which are used in landfill liner and capping systems are shortly described. The main certification requirements for the products as well as conclusions for their use are presented. Using a thick, high quality HDPE geomembrane (GMB), which is installed free of residual waves and wrinkles in intimate contact with a compacted clay liner (CCL) or geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) of very low permeability, by a qualified, experienced, well equipped and properly third‐party controlled installer and which are protected by heavy protection layers designed with respect to long‐term performance of the GMB, may result in a liner or capping system of practically no leakage. This is demonstrated by analyzing results of measurements obtained from permanently installed leak detection systems in combination with HDPE GMBs.
The Cairo Genizah is a well-known “archive” discovered in the 19th century in Ben Ezra Synagogue in Fustat, a district in Old Cairo (Egypt), located south of the center of modern Cairo. The giant collection of mostly Jewish documents that vary in genres, languages and writing supports contains a large number of early medieval Hebrew manuscripts, mostly in fragmentary form. The larger part of the Cairo Genizah is stored today in the Cambridge University Library, containing about 200,000 fragments.
The Genizah provides sources for the literary, linguistic, historical studies of the various aspects Jewish and non-Jewish life. As the documents attest, at least two Jewish communities co-existed in Fustat up to 11th century: a so-called Babylonian and Palestinian. These communities had different leaders, different traditions and lived independently. The differences manifest themselves also in the paleographical properties of the manuscripts produced by each community.
Although Genizah manuscripts have attracted a great deal of scholarly attention, the material aspects of these documents seem to have been largely neglected. The current study aims to obtain information on the composition of the writing supports and the inks used, in order to obtain insights on trade, local production techniques and social structures.
Can we extend the differences detected by the paleographical analysis to differences in composition of the writing materials ? Can we relate the differences in the composition to a community, to the manuscript type (legal, private...), or to another criterion?
Die Klinkerphasenbildung durch Sinterung in Drehrohröfen bei der Herstellung von Portlandzementklinker (PZK) ist gründlich erforscht und optimiert. Im Hinblick auf mög-liche ökonomische und ökologische Vorteile befassen sich aktuelle Forschungsvorha-ben darüber hinaus mit der Herstellung von Klinkermineralen aus Stahlwerksschla-cken, die eine vergleichbare chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen.
Neuste Untersuchungen zeigen, dass nach der reduzierenden Behandlung schmelz-flüssiger Linz-Donawitz-(LD)-Schlacken und Abscheidung des gebildeten metallischen Eisens eine mineralische Schlacke entsteht, die unabhängig von ihren Abkühlbedin-gungen ca. 50–60 Gew.% des wichtigsten Klinkerminerals Alit (C3S) enthält und eine hohe hydraulische Reaktivität aufweist.
Die Stabilität des Alits auch nach langsamer Abkühlung deutet auf eine Stabilisierung des Minerals durch Nebenelemente aus den LD-Schlacken hin. Ein sinkender Anteil an LD-Schlacke durch Zusatz synthetischer Schlackemischung, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Hauptkomponenten wie eine ausreduzierte LD-Schlacke zusammensetzt, führt zu einem Rückgang des Alitgehaltes und dem Zerfall der Schlacke beim Erstarren.
Phosphorus (P) plays an essential role in the global food security. However, the global P reservoirs have a statistic lifetime of about 385 years only. Due to the scarcity of P and the increasing world population an efficient and sustainable recycling management is required. A few biogenic waste materials are high in P contents such as sewage sludge and meat and bone meal. Thus, they are suitable for P recycling and fertilizer production. But besides the high P content sewage sludge is often highly contaminated with organic pollutants and toxic heavy metals which have to be eliminated before agricultural field application. In this presentation we show the potential of sewage sludge as secondary resource for fertilizers. This includes our developments in thermochemical processes for the production of novel P-fertilizers from recycled materials. Furthermore, for these novel P-fertilizers common extraction tests to determine the plant-available P are often unusable. Therefore, we successfully applied the Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) techniques to analyse the plant-availability of P-fertilizers from recycled materials.
Ammoniakemissionen in die Umwelt erfolgen insbesondere durch die Landwirtschaft (93,6 %), aber auch durch Verbrennungsprozesse in der die Abfallwirtschaft (2,3 %) und den Straßenverkehr (1,8 %). Dieser Stoff ist selbst in geringen Konzentrationen nicht nur eine Geruchsbelästigung, sondern auch eine Substanz mit ökologischer und klimatischer Relevanz.
Die Bestimmung von Ammoniak in relevanten Konzentrationen von kleiner 25 μg m-3 erfolgt im Allgemeinen über NH4+ als Analyten, spektralfotometrisch oder mit der Ionenchromatographie nach Überführung in die flüssige Phase. Wegen der niedrigen Konzentrationen an Ammoniak in der Außenluft wird meist eine gesammelte Probe verwendet oder die Bestimmung erfolgt nach einer aktiven, anreichernden Probenahme.
Die eigenen Arbeiten sollen dazu beitragen, die Ammoniak-Bestimmung in der Außenluft präziser, sowie schneller und kostengünstiger zu machen.
Die BAM prüfte daher kommerzielle elektrochemische und Metalloxid-basierte Sensoren, die für diesen Konzentrationsbereich aber nur bedingt geeignet sind. Deshalb wurden alternativ eigene Entwicklungen zum Nachweis von Ammoniak im Spurenbereich aufgenommen, wobei der Analyt über die Änderung der Fluoreszenz eines BODIPY-Farbstoffs bei 550 nm mittels eines portablen Fluoreszenz-Sensors direkt aus der Gasphase gemessen wird.
Zur Kalibrierung von Ammoniak-Sensoren und -Messgeräten steht ein stationäres System basierend auf der Mischung von zertifizierten Prüfgasen aus Druckflaschen mit kalibrierten Massendurchfluss-regler (MFC) zur Verfügung. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine chemische Analyse der verwendeten Gasgemische mittels eines Massenspektrometers.
Für die Kalibrierung und Prüfung von Sensoren und Messgeräten vor Ort wurde ein mobiles Prüfsystem entwickelt. Die Generierung von Ammoniak-haltigen Gasen im Spurenbereich von 0,5 nmol/mol bis 500 nmol/mol erfolgt durch das Permeationsverfahren nach ISO 6145-10.
Für die Realisierung der Rückführbarkeit der Ammoniakbestimmung werden von den Nationalen Metrologischen Instituten sowie designierten Instituten Standards bereitgestellt und auch weiterentwickelt. Die primären metrologischen Standards beruhen auf SI-Einheiten und sind die Basis für eine Rückführbarkeit der Sensoren bzw. Analysengeräte.
Gemeiner Nagekäfer und Kleidermotte sind unerwünscht im Museum. Kulturgüter mit Anteilen von Holz, Federn, Wolle, Haare, etc. wie ethnologische oder naturkundliche Sammlungsstücke, aber auch Bilderahmen oder Freilichtmuseen werden von ihnen gerne besucht. Dabei sind es die Jugendstadien (Larven) dieser Insekten, die sich von ungeschützten Exponaten oder Depotstücken, die diese natürlichen Materialien enthalten, ernähren. Die Entwicklung der Larven findet verborgen im Inneren der Materialien statt. Die geflügelten erwachsenen Formen, die sich im freien Raum bewegen, sich fortpflanzen und den Neubefall herbeiführen, treten saisonal sehr begrenzt auf. Eine frühzeitige Detektion der Schädlinge, als erwachsenes Insekt oder als Larve, ist dadurch erschwert. Es gilt folglich deren Präsenz und erste Anzeichen eines Befalls zuverlässig und vor allem frühzeitig feststellen zu können, um geeignete Maßnahmen zum Schutz des Kulturgutes einzuleiten.
Neben dem Wissen um die Materialeigenschaften des Kulturgutes sind umfängliche Kenntnis über die Biologie der Schädlinge, zu ihren grundsätzlichen Lebensansprüchen und insbesondere zum Verhalten, das zum Neubefall führt, wichtig. Die Larvenstadien von Holz- und Textilschädlingen zeichnen sich durch hohe Toleranzen gegenüber extremen Temperaturen und Luftfeuchten aus. Für sie ungünstige Bedingungen können sie sehr lange in Ruhephasen überdauern. Nicht erkannter, versteckter Befall von Materialien sind häufige Infektionsquellen für Neubefall von Sammlungen. Verborgene natürliche Befallsquellen im eigenen Museumssystem spielen bei Neubefall von Exponaten eine größere Rolle als der Zuflug von Schadinsekten aus Reservoiren von außen.
Der Vortrag stellt beispielhaft Lebenszyklen relevanter Schädlingsarten vor und zeigt Möglichkeiten gezielter Interventionen auf, die in ein IPM Konzept einfließen können. Dies umfasst vorbeugende Maßnahmen wie geeignetes Klima in Ausstellungs- und Lagerräumen, das sogenannte Monitorring sowie eine konsequente Quarantäne bis hin zu physikalischen, biologischen oder chemischen Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides elemental and chemical information from the outermost ~10 nm of the sample surface. This is in the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the outer bacterial membrane of gram-negative bacteria, as well as outer membrane molecules as exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides, commonly attached to the cell surface. With the development of near-ambient pressure (NAP)-XPS, bacteria can be analysed with minimal sample preparation.
EnviroESCA is a laboratory based NAP-XPS instrument, equipped with a monochromated Al Kα radiation source and a differentially pumped energy analyser connected to an exchangeable sample environment. It allows for measurements in various gas-atmospheres, including water vapor, which makes it possible to characterise bacteria and other biological samples close to their natural, hydrated state. Artificial model-biofilms of exopolysaccharides, planktonic Pseudomonas Fluorescens and biofilms of Escherichia Coli have been characterised in hydrated and dried state.
High-resolution XPS-spectra from carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorous can be assigned to carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in general agreement with literature. Especially the carbon 1s peak is of interest. A series of measurements of an E. coli biofilm from 11 mbar in humid environment to 1 mbar air reveal changes in the C1s peak, which suggests that the bacterial surface undergo substantial Change.
A fundamental question in ecology is how biodiversity affects ecosystem function. Biodiversity is commonly estimated based on genetic variation. We investigated a new approach that defines and measures biodiversity in complex microbial communities. We used the variation in multiple functionally-relevant, phenotypic traits measured in parallel in single cells as a metric for microbial phenotypic diversity. We studied phenotypic diversity and ecosystem functioning throughout different photosynthetic layers dominated by divergent microbial communities in the gradient of Lago di Cadagno. We determined genetic diversity by 16S and 18S amplicon sequencing and bulk ecosystem functioning (photosynthesis). In addition, we determined phenotypic diversity using single-cell technologies such as nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) correlated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning flow-cytometry. We measured functional trait variation between individuals in 13CO2 fixation, 15NH4+ uptake, and variation in physio-morphological cell traits, such as cell size, shape, and auto-fluorescence for various pigments related to photosynthesis. We used the distances between individuals in a multidimensional trait space to derive phenotypic trait-based diversity indices, such as trait richness, trait evenness, and trait divergence. We find that phenotypic trait divergence associates with ecosystem functioning, whereas genetic diversity does not. Including activity-based, single-cell phenotypic measurements with NanoSIMS provided an additional accuracy to the trait-based diversity assessment and allowed us to formulate hypotheses on the mechanisms that shape the correlation between phenotypic diversity and eco-system function. Together, our results show that phenotypic diversity is a meaningful concept to measure microbial biodiversity and associate it with ecosystem functioning.
Without precaution, insects may cause serious damage to Museum collections. Quarantine of potentially infested objects can be logistically challenging. Anoxia under controlled nitrogen atmosphere is a most compatible but also time-consuming method to eradicate insect pests in all kinds of different materials. Treatment results are usually effected by duration, temperature, humidity and residual oxygen content. During a two-year research project, 34 relevant pest insect species of all developmental stages were tested in several different materials (wood, paper, wool) to monitor treatment success and to determine optimum treatment parameters. Duration of Treatment ranged from one to three weeks at temperatures of 20 - 27 °C.
As expected, results showed significant differences in mortality among tested species. Highest tolerance of hypoxic conditions was found in older larvae of Hylotrupes bajulus. However, this species is an unlikely museum pest. Anobiids and other wood boring beetles are more often an issue related to cultural heritage. Tested imbedding materials in general had no mortality lowering influence. A combination of three weeks exposure time at up to 0.5 % residual oxygen and at 24 °C and 50 % RH is recommended for infested artefacts.
The particle size distribution is considered the most relevant information for nanoscale property identification and material characterization. The current OECD test guideline on particle size and size distribution (TG 110) is not applicable to ‘nano-sized’ objects. In this project we thus develop a new OECD test guideline for the measurement of the size and size distribution of particles and fibers with at least one dimension in the range of 1 - 1000 nm. A fiber is defined as an object having an aspect ratio of length/diameter l/d >3. The width and length of each fiber should be measured concurrently.
In order to measure the particle size distributions, many techniques are available. 9 methods for particles and 2 methods for fibres have been tested in a prevalidation study and appropriate methods will be compared in an interlaboratory round robin test starting in February 2019.
The mayor part of the Berlin collection `Manuscripta Americana´ consists of documents compiled by Alexander von Humboldt. The diversity of the written fragments and their shape presume few accordance concerning purpose, place or time of production. Even before the papers came to Berlin, manuscripts were copied, divided and collected by famous scholars also in Mexico. Back in Europe, Humboldt visited further collections and published the detected hieroglyphic writings altogether with cultural objects and landscapes in the book `Vues des Cordillères et Monuments des Peuples Indigènes de l`Amerique, voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland´, labelled corresponding to the cultural background.
By scientific and culture historical analyses, the Humboldt codices are revised and related to each other and others. In especial, the compilation of fragments shown on plate 36 in the book is looked at more closely. Whereas most of the plates represent only one sheet of painted amate paper, here segments with details of seven fragments are put together. It is tried to comprehend why these pieces are on one plate.
To find out a common feature of the documents, their content and represented form are compared. A correlation between some pieces is obvious and thus is also expected in the manufacture of the codices, in the kind of material used. For this the inks and colors are determined by scientific analysis including XRF-, Raman-, FTIR- and VIS- spectroscopy. Special material is detected and related to results of former analysis of codices written during the colonial period of America. Herewith a clear cultural assignment of the manuscripts is performed.
A relation of the fragments represented on plate 36 among each other and to other codices of the collection Manuscripta Americana in Berlin is discussed. Also, if the manuscripts are unique `originals´ or represent fragments of documents, whose corresponding pieces maybe found- in the best case- incorporated in other collections. We detected, that at least two of them can be put into relation to similar manuscripts deposited in Mexico. Further material analysis should clarify, if the corresponding pieces are identical- from one document, or if one of them is a copy. Herewith an approximation to authenticity features and history is issued.
Los Códices Humboldt, que proceden de la época colonial de Mexico, muestran:
1. colores indígenas típicos y sus mezclas:
cochinilla (rojo), índigo/ Azul Maya (azul y verde), carbón (negro),
zacatlaxcalli, mangle, colores orgánicos (amarillo)
2. influencia colonial:
tinta hierro- gálico para escribir
3. fragmentos distribuidos y cortados:
partes singulares forman parte de otros fragmentos dentro de la colección
(y en otras colecciones?)