4 Material und Umwelt
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Zeitschriftenartikel (341) (entfernen)
Sprache
- Englisch (299)
- Deutsch (38)
- Chinesisch (2)
- Italienisch (1)
- Polnisch (1)
Schlagworte
- Leaching (14)
- Biocides (10)
- Phosphorus (10)
- Sewage sludge (9)
- Archaeometry (8)
- Bacteria (8)
- Bottom ash (8)
- Circular economy (7)
- Antimicrobial resistance (6)
- Biofilm (6)
- Construction products (6)
- Biofilms (5)
- Black fungi (5)
- DRIFTS (5)
- Ectoine (5)
- Evolution (5)
- Fertilizer (5)
- Fungi (5)
- Inks (5)
- Non-destructive testing (5)
- Phosphorus recovery (5)
- Thermal desorption (5)
- VOC (5)
- Degradation (4)
- Ecotoxicity (4)
- Ersatzbaustoffe (4)
- Gas chromatography (4)
- Incineration bottom ash (4)
- Ink (4)
- Klärschlamm (4)
- Mixed ink (4)
- Non-invasive analysis (4)
- PFAS (4)
- Papyrus (4)
- Polyethylene (4)
- Raman spectroscopy (4)
- Recycling (4)
- Reverse glass painting (4)
- Struvite (4)
- Termites (4)
- Wastewater (4)
- Wood protection (4)
- X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (4)
- XANES spectroscopy (4)
- Bio-weathering (3)
- Biodeterioration (3)
- Corrosion (3)
- DHN melanin (3)
- Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) (3)
- Disinfection (3)
- Emission test chamber (3)
- Fertilzer (3)
- Geosynthetics (3)
- Geotextiles (3)
- Holzschutz (3)
- Indoor air quality (3)
- Ink analysis (3)
- Interlaboratory comparison (3)
- Knufia petricola (3)
- MIC (3)
- Manuscripts (3)
- NAP-XPS (3)
- Osmoadaptation (3)
- Pathogen (3)
- Phosphat (3)
- Phosphor (3)
- Phosphorus fertilizer (3)
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment (3)
- Rostasche (3)
- Scandium (3)
- Sewage sludge ash (3)
- Soil (3)
- Standardisation (3)
- TXRF (3)
- Termite (3)
- Thermal treatment (3)
- Ultrafine particles (3)
- VVOC (3)
- Volatile organic compounds (3)
- Wood Protection (3)
- Zinc (3)
- Aerosol (2)
- Air pollution (2)
- Air quality monitoring (2)
- Air sampling (2)
- Analytical methods (2)
- Antimicrobial (2)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics (2)
- BEMMA (2)
- Bacterial adhesion (2)
- Bauprodukte (2)
- Biocorrosion (2)
- Bioinformatics (2)
- Bioreceptivity (2)
- Brown-rot fungi (2)
- Building and Construction (2)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (2)
- Cannibalism (2)
- Carbon ink (2)
- Cascade impactor (2)
- Circular Economy (2)
- Colourants (2)
- Combustion ion chromatography (2)
- Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) (2)
- Condensed Matter Physics (2)
- Coptic (2)
- Corrosion evolution (2)
- Cultural heritage (2)
- DNA (2)
- Dead Sea Scrolls (2)
- Density separation (2)
- Design of experiments (2)
- Disposal repository (2)
- ESEM (2)
- Electric arc furnace dust (2)
- Electron microscopy (2)
- Emission (2)
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology (2)
- Entomopathogen (2)
- Environment (2)
- Ersatzbaustoff (2)
- Extracellular polymeric substances (2)
- Extractable organically bound fluorine (EOF) (2)
- Fluoride (2)
- Forsterite (2)
- Fuel Technology (2)
- Fungus (2)
- Geokunststoffe (2)
- Geruchsmessung (2)
- Gut microbiota (2)
- Halomonas elongata (2)
- Hazard properties (2)
- High resolution-continuum source-graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFMAS) (2)
- Horizontal gene transfer (2)
- ICP-MS (2)
- ISO 16000-6 (2)
- Immunity (2)
- Insect biotechnology (2)
- Iron-gall ink (2)
- Isoptera (2)
- Keratin (2)
- Klärschlammverordnung (2)
- Kreislaufwirtschaft (2)
- Kulturelle Entomologie (2)
- LC-MS/MS (2)
- Langzeitverhalten (2)
- Lapis lazuli (2)
- Laser processing (2)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (2)
- Leaching control mechanisms (2)
- Leaching tests (2)
- Lysimeter (2)
- MOF (2)
- Magnesium (2)
- Marine littering (2)
- Mechanochemistry (2)
- Melting experiments (2)
- Metabolomics (2)
- Method development (2)
- Micro-XRF (2)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (2)
- Microbiota (2)
- Microcolonial fungi (2)
- Micropatterning (2)
- Microplastic (2)
- NanoSIMS (2)
- Nanoparticles (2)
- Non-destructiv testing (2)
- Nosema ceranae (2)
- Nuclear waste (2)
- Osmia bicornis (2)
- PGAA (2)
- PIXE (2)
- Particles (2)
- Passive sampling (2)
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (2)
- Pigment (2)
- Pigment analyses (2)
- Pigment identification (2)
- Polyglycerol (2)
- Provenance studies (2)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2)
- Raman (2)
- Recovery (2)
- Recycling fertilizer (2)
- Reference material (2)
- Secondary building materials (2)
- Social (2)
- Stress tolerance (2)
- Struvit (2)
- Subaerial biofilms (2)
- Substance release (2)
- Symbiosis (2)
- Tantal (2)
- Thermochemical treatment (2)
- Tineola bisselliella (2)
- Transcriptomics (2)
- Transformation (2)
- Virology (2)
- Virulence (2)
- Waste treatment (2)
- Waste-to-energy (2)
- Weathering (2)
- Wild bees (2)
- X-ray diffraction (2)
- XANES (2)
- XPS (2)
- XRF (2)
- pH sensor (2)
- (Semi)arid to humid-temperate natural ecosys (1)
- 13CO2 pulse labeling (1)
- 13th century (1)
- 16S rRNA gene (1)
- 2D nanomaterials (1)
- 3D printer (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- A key interface (1)
- A-DNA conformation (1)
- AEROMET II (1)
- AEROMET project (1)
- ATR-FTIR (1)
- Abfallbehandlung (1)
- Abfalltrennung (1)
- Abfallverbrennung (1)
- Abfälle (1)
- Abwasser (1)
- Abwasserreinigung (1)
- Accelerated aging (1)
- Accuracy (1)
- Acidobacteria (1)
- Adaptation (1)
- Adaption (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone receptor (1)
- Adsorbable organically bound fluorine (AOF) (1)
- Advanced groups of termites (1)
- Aerodynamic levitation (1)
- Aerosol gravimetry (1)
- Aerosol measurement instruments (1)
- Aerosols (1)
- Aerosolsensor (1)
- Affinity chromatography (1)
- Ag-LDI-MS (1)
- Aging (1)
- Aging tests (1)
- Agricultural mycology (1)
- Agronomic performance (1)
- Agronomische Effizienz (1)
- Air analysis (1)
- Air pollution control (1)
- Alexander von Humboldt (1)
- Alkylating agents (1)
- Ambient aerosols (1)
- Ammonium (1)
- Amphiphilic polymer (1)
- Amplicon sequencing (1)
- Anaerobic pathways (1)
- Analytical Chemistry (1)
- Analytical screening techniques (1)
- Ancient document production (1)
- Animal immune system (1)
- Anobium punctatum (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Antagonism (1)
- Antibacterial (1)
- Antibacterial coatings (1)
- Antibacterial polymer (1)
- Antibacterial surfaces (1)
- Antibiotic resistance (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Antibodies (1)
- Antifouling (1)
- Antimicrobial coating (1)
- Antimicrobial materials (1)
- Antimicrobial surfaces (1)
- Antimicrobial test (1)
- Antimicrobial testing (1)
- Antimicrobials (1)
- Antimony (1)
- Antimony black (stibnite) (1)
- Antiseptic agents (1)
- Aquatic fungi (1)
- Aqueous synthesis (1)
- Arbuscular mycorrhiza (1)
- Archaea (1)
- Architecture (1)
- Artificial ageing (1)
- Artificial weathering (1)
- Ascosphaera apis (1)
- AshDec (1)
- Ashes (1)
- Aspergillus (1)
- Assessment (1)
- Astrobiology (1)
- Aufbereitung (1)
- Auslaugtest (1)
- Automated analysis (1)
- BAM Data Store (1)
- BAM-Zulassung (1)
- BESSY (1)
- BODIPY (1)
- BOFS (1)
- BTEX (1)
- Bacillus subtilis (1)
- Bacterial attachment (1)
- Bacterial cell cycle (1)
- Bacterial second messenger (1)
- Bagasse (1)
- Basidiomycetes (1)
- Basin (1)
- Bassanite (1)
- Batch tests (1)
- Bathyarchaeia (1)
- Bauxite Residue (1)
- Bauxite residue (1)
- Bawit (1)
- Bee diseases (1)
- Bee health (1)
- Behavioural mechanisms (1)
- Beneficial microbes (1)
- Beschichtung (1)
- Bewertungsverfahren (1)
- Bio-P-Kläranlage (1)
- Bio-based insulation (1)
- Bioceramics (1)
- Biocide tolerance (1)
- Biodeterioration and biodegradation (1)
- Biofilm formation (1)
- Biofilm quantification (1)
- Biofouling (1)
- Biogenic weathering (1)
- Bioinformatics virology viruses software (1)
- Biokorrosion (1)
- Biological pest control (1)
- Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfung (1)
- Biomimetic (1)
- Biosynthesis (1)
- Biotests (1)
- Biotic environment (1)
- Biozide (1)
- Biphasic growth (1)
- Black microcolonial fungi (1)
- Black writing ink (1)
- Blast furnace sludge (1)
- Blast-furnace sludge (1)
- Blattodea (1)
- Boden (1)
- Bodenmaterialien (1)
- Botrytis cinerea (1)
- Building Material (1)
- Building materials (1)
- Built environment (1)
- Bushveld Complex (1)
- C-di-GMP (1)
- CCQM (1)
- CEC-L-103 (1)
- CEN (1)
- CHC (1)
- COST action CA15114 AMICI (1)
- CPC calibration (1)
- CaNaPO4 (1)
- Calcareous deposits (1)
- Calcium alkali phosphate (1)
- Calcium carbonate (1)
- Calcium silicate (1)
- Calcium sulfate (1)
- Calibration transfer (1)
- Carbon steel (1)
- Carbon steel corrosion (1)
- Carolingian (1)
- Cathodic protection (1)
- Cell appendages (1)
- Cell studies (1)
- Cell-envelope (1)
- Cellulose ether (1)
- Cellulose synthase (1)
- Cerium oxide (1)
- Characterisation (1)
- Chemical analysis (1)
- Chemical durability (1)
- Chemical ecology (1)
- Chemical extraction (1)
- Chemical extraction methods (1)
- Chemical recycling (1)
- Chemicals (1)
- Chemische Löslichkeit (1)
- Chemisches Recycling (1)
- Chicken manure ash (1)
- Chilean Coastal Cordillera (1)
- Chlorination (1)
- Chlorine (1)
- Chromitites (1)
- Clean steel (1)
- Cleridae (1)
- Climate gradient (1)
- Cloning vectors (1)
- Close proximity to colonies (1)
- Cobalt (1)
- Cockroach (1)
- Cockroaches (1)
- Codex (1)
- Cognitive performance (1)
- Coleoptera (1)
- Colorants (1)
- Colored glasses (1)
- Colouring (1)
- Combustion Ion Chromatography (1)
- Combustion and gasification (1)
- Community composition (1)
- Community-level interactions (1)
- Comparison (1)
- Compatible solute (1)
- Comsumer good samples (1)
- Concept (1)
- Concrete (1)
- Confocal microscopy (1)
- Coniophora puteana (1)
- Conjugate (1)
- Conjugation (1)
- Conservation (1)
- Constantinomyces (1)
- Construction materials (1)
- Construction product (1)
- Construction products regulation (CPR) (1)
- Consumer products (1)
- Contamination (1)
- Contraction (1)
- Control (1)
- Copper (1)
- Copper-based wood preservatives (1)
- Coptic manuscripts (1)
- Coptic papyri (1)
- Coptotermes (1)
- Core microbiome (1)
- Corrosion environment (1)
- Corundum (1)
- Critical raw materials (1)
- Cross-feeding (1)
- Cross-resistance (1)
- Cross-sectioning (1)
- Cryo XPS (1)
- Cryptoendolithism (1)
- Crystalline phase identification (1)
- Crystallization (1)
- CuNPs (1)
- Cubical shape (1)
- Cupriavidus campinensis (1)
- Cuticular hydrocarbons (1)
- Cyanobacteria (1)
- DIN (1)
- DIN EN 16516 (1)
- DNA polymerase (1)
- DSM 5009 (1)
- Decomposition point (1)
- Degradable polymer (1)
- Dendrimer (1)
- Denitrification (1)
- Deponie (1)
- Deponierung (1)
- Deponieverordnung (1)
- Desert ecology (1)
- Developing building materials (1)
- Dielectric heating (1)
- Dietary adaptation (1)
- Differential expression (1)
- Diffractive gratings (1)
- Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) (1)
- Diffusive Gradients in thin films (DGT) (1)
- Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) (1)
- Direct laser writing (1)
- Direct material input (1)
- Disinfection Fuel (1)
- Disposal (1)
- Diversity (1)
- Diversität (1)
- Domestikation (1)
- Dothideomycetes (1)
- Draft Genome (1)
- Drawings (1)
- Driving rain (1)
- Dry treatment (1)
- Drywood termite (1)
- DsRNA (1)
- Dye (1)
- Dyes and pigments (1)
- Dynamic calibration gas mixtures (1)
- Dynamic surface leaching test (1)
- Düngemittel (1)
- E. coli (1)
- EAF slags (1)
- EN 717-3 (1)
- Earthen building materials (1)
- Ecotoxicity tests (1)
- Ecotoxicological tests (1)
- Ecotoxixity (1)
- Efficacy (1)
- Egypt (1)
- Electric arc furnace (EAF) slags (1)
- Electric arc furnace slags (1)
- Electronic (1)
- Electronic Lab Notebook (ELN) (1)
- Electronic lab notebook (ELN) (1)
- Elektrolichtbogenofen (1)
- Elektronisches Laborbuch (1)
- Element mass concentration (1)
- Elemental aerosol analysis (1)
- Elemental composition (1)
- Elimination (1)
- Eluates (1)
- Eluatwerte (1)
- Elutionsverfahren (1)
- Emission chamber (1)
- Emission test method (1)
- Emission testing (1)
- Emissionen (1)
- Emissionsprüfung (1)
- Enamels (1)
- Entomopathogenic Fungus (1)
- Entropy (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Environmental Chemistry (1)
- Environmental Engineering (1)
- Environmental analysis (1)
- Environmental assessment (1)
- Environmental conditions (1)
- Environmental evaluation (1)
- Environmental impact (1)
- Environmental simulations (1)
- Epidemal layer (1)
- Erfurt (1)
- Eurotiomycetes (1)
- Exergie (1)
- Exocrine gland (1)
- Expansion (1)
- Exposure (1)
- External (1)
- Extracellular enzymes (1)
- Extracellular pH (1)
- Extractable organic fluorine (1)
- Extraction (1)
- Extraktion (1)
- Extremophile (1)
- Extremophiles (1)
- F pili (1)
- FAT class concept (1)
- FFF-3D printer (1)
- FFF-3D printing (1)
- FFF-filament (1)
- FFF-printing (1)
- FT-Raman (1)
- FactSage calculations (1)
- FactSageTM calculations (1)
- Family archives (1)
- Faraday cup aerosol electrometer (1)
- Fassaden (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Fenton-like reaction (1)
- Fire-retardant paint (1)
- Flask method (1)
- Flexible shadow masks (1)
- Flow system (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorescence spectroscopy (1)
- Fluorescent microscopy (1)
- Fluoride nanoparticles (1)
- Fluorides (1)
- Fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis (1)
- Fluorolytic sol−gel (1)
- Flügel (1)
- Food (1)
- Food fermentation (1)
- Forest fires (1)
- Forest soils (1)
- Formaldehyd (1)
- Formaldehyde (1)
- Formation enthalpy (1)
- Forschungsdatenmanagement (1)
- Freisetzung (1)
- Fuel sorption (1)
- Functionalized graphene (1)
- Fungal decay (1)
- Fungal stress mechanisms and responses (1)
- Fungicidal property (1)
- Fungiculture (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- Fällmittel (1)
- GC-FID (1)
- GC-MS (1)
- GDL (1)
- GNBP-2 (1)
- Gas analysis (1)
- Gene expression (1)
- General Chemistry (1)
- General Environmental Science (1)
- General Materials Science (1)
- General Medicine (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genome (1)
- Genome sequence (1)
- Genomics (1)
- Geology (1)
- Geomembranes (1)
- Giulio Romano (1)
- Global radiation (1)
- Granulat (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphene–bacteria interaction (1)
- Green facades (1)
- Groundwater (1)
- Grouts (1)
- Growth-rate homeostasis (1)
- Gut symbionts (1)
- Gypsum (1)
- Gypsum plasterboards (1)
- Gypsum waste (1)
- Halogenation (1)
- Halophilic bacteria (1)
- Hausbockkäfer (1)
- Hazardous waste (1)
- Haze Samples (1)
- Hazenite (1)
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis (1)
- Healthcare (1)
- Heat capacity (1)
- Heat maps (1)
- Heavy metal free (1)
- Heavy metal removal (1)
- Heavy metals (1)
- Hebrew studies (1)
- Hellenistic (1)
- Herbaspirillum seropedicae (1)
- Herculaneum papyri (1)
- Hermopolis (1)
- Hi-Tension (1)
- High density polyethylene (1)
- History of Art (1)
- Holy Family (1)
- Holzschutzmittel (1)
- Holzwurm (1)
- Honey bee (1)
- Honeybee (1)
- Hospital premises (1)
- Host and symbiont ecology (1)
- Host immunity (1)
- Hydration products (1)
- Hydrogen permeation (1)
- Hydrogen storage (1)
- Hydrogenasen (1)
- Hydrophobic interaction (1)
- Hygienic behavior (1)
- Hylotrupes bajulus, Anobium punctatum, natural durability, tropical wood, native wood. (1)
- Hyperarid (1)
- Hypermutation (1)
- Hypopharynx (1)
- ICP-OES (1)
- IR spectroscopy (1)
- ISO (1)
- ISO 22196 (1)
- ISO REMCO (1)
- ITS region (1)
- Idiopathic environmental intolerance (1)
- In situ (1)
- In situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction (1)
- In-situ Process Monitoring (1)
- In-situ analysis (1)
- Incubated soil/fertilizer mixtures (1)
- Indirect photolysis (1)
- Indoor Air: Adsorbent performance (1)
- Indoor air (1)
- Indoor mycobiome (1)
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (1)
- Industrial mycology (1)
- Infecting a number of insects, (1)
- Infections (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Infrared thermography (1)
- Ink analyses (1)
- Ink corrosion (1)
- Innenraumluft (1)
- Insect evolution (1)
- Insecticide (1)
- Instrumental analysis of ink (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Inter-comparison (1)
- Inter-lab comparison (1)
- Inter-laboratory test (1)
- Intercomparison (1)
- Interdisciplinarity (1)
- Intraparticle diffusion (1)
- Intumescent coating (1)
- Ionic liquid (1)
- Ir DNA staining approach (1)
- Iron gall ink (1)
- Iron making (1)
- Iron oxide (1)
- Iron scrap (1)
- Isotopes (1)
- Issues (1)
- Jig (1)
- Joint grouts (1)
- Kläranlage (1)
- Klärschlammasche (1)
- Knock-out mutant (1)
- Korynetes caeruleus (1)
- Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen (1)
- Kupfer (1)
- Laboratory breeding (1)
- Labrum (1)
- Laccase (1)
- Landfill (1)
- Landfill lining (1)
- Laser printer emission (1)
- Laser-induced nanostructures (1)
- Laser-modified surface (1)
- Layer-by-Layer (1)
- Leaching of waste materials (1)
- Lead (1)
- Leather (1)
- Lichtbogenofen (1)
- Life history data (1)
- Lifetime (1)
- Lignocellulose (1)
- Limit values (1)
- Low alloy steel (1)
- Low melting glasses (1)
- Low-molecular-weight organic substances (1)
- Luftgüte (1)
- MSWI bottom ash (1)
- MSWI fly ash (1)
- Major transition (1)
- Mantelverordnung (1)
- Manuscript (1)
- Manuscript studies (1)
- Map production and publishing (1)
- Maps and colours (1)
- Marble (1)
- Marek's Disease Virus (1)
- Marek's virus (1)
- Mask fabrication (1)
- Mass spectrometry (1)
- Materials Chemistry (1)
- Mathematical analysis (1)
- Mechanische Stabilität (1)
- Mechanisms of pathogenesis (1)
- Mechanosensitive channel (1)
- Medical mycology (1)
- Melanin (1)
- Melanin Adhesion (1)
- Melting point (1)
- Melting temperature (1)
- Metabolic engineering (1)
- Metabolic flux analysis (1)
- Metabolic modeling (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Metadata (1)
- Metal recovery (1)
- Metals and Alloys (1)
- Metarhizium (1)
- Metarhizium robertsii DSM 1490 (1)
- Methane (1)
- Methanogen (1)
- Methanogene (1)
- Methanogens (1)
- Methods of scientific analysis (1)
- Microbe (1)
- Microbial abundance (1)
- Microbial adhesions (1)
- Microbial simulation, (1)
- Microbially Induced Corrosion (1)
- Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) (1)
- Microbiological influenced corrosion MIC (1)
- Microchamber (1)
- Micromonospora aurantiaca (1)
- Microorganisms (1)
- Microplastics (1)
- Microwaves (1)
- Middle Ages (1)
- Millipedes (1)
- Mineral (1)
- Mining (1)
- Mixed Inks (1)
- Mixture toxicity (1)
- Model (1)
- Model aerosols (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Modelling studies (1)
- Modified mycotoxins (1)
- Moisture (1)
- Moisture performance (1)
- Molecular Organic Frameworks (1)
- Molecular clock (1)
- Molecular identification (1)
- Molybdenum (1)
- Monoterpene (1)
- Monoverbrennung (1)
- MscS (1)
- Mud volcanoe fluids (1)
- Multi-resistant bacteria (1)
- Multi-scale study (1)
- Multicellularity (1)
- Multidisciplinary (1)
- Multilocus phylogeny (1)
- Multiple Displacement Amplification (1)
- Multiple chemical sensitivity (1)
- Multiple lines of evidence (1)
- Multiport (1)
- Municipal sewage sludge (1)
- Museum (1)
- Museumsschädling (1)
- Mussel-inspired coating (1)
- Mussel-inspired materials (1)
- Mutation rate (1)
- MySpot (1)
- Mycotoxin (1)
- Müllverbrennung (1)
- N and K analog tracer (1)
- NGS (1)
- NIR imaging (1)
- Nachsorge (1)
- Nano (1)
- Nano CRM (1)
- Nano Particles (1)
- Nano-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Nano-materials (1)
- NanoPlattform (1)
- Nanomaterial (1)
- Nanomaterials (1)
- Nanoparticle (1)
- Nanopowder (1)
- Nanosensor (1)
- Natural abundance of 15N (1)
- Natural durability (1)
- Natural ecosystems (1)
- Natural products discovery (1)
- Near ambient x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- Near-infrared refectography (1)
- Near-infrared refelctography (1)
- Neozoon (1)
- Neuropeptide (1)
- New exocrine organ (1)
- Next generation sequencing (1)
- Nickel (1)
- Nitrification inhibitor (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- Nitrogen fixation (1)
- Nitrogen uptake (1)
- Nitrososphaerales (1)
- Nitrous oxide (1)
- Non-destructive Materials (1)
- Non-ferrous metals (1)
- Non-invasive (1)
- Non-invasive scientific methods (1)
- Non-vitriolic iron-gall inks (1)
- Nonspecific binding (NSB) (1)
- Nonvolatile (1)
- Normung (1)
- Nostoc punctiforme (1)
- Novelle BBodSchV (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Nutrient acquisition (1)
- Nutrient cycles (1)
- Nutrient uplift and recyclin (1)
- Nährstoffe (1)
- OECD (1)
- OIT (1)
- Oddy test (1)
- Oil (1)
- Olivine (1)
- One-step ionic liquids synthesis (1)
- Open data (1)
- OpenBIS (1)
- Optical properties of ink (1)
- Optical and Magnetic Materials (1)
- Organic contaminants (1)
- Organic phosphorus breakdown (1)
- Osmotic shock (1)
- Osteogenesis (1)
- Oxide melts (1)
- Oxyfuel-Verbrennung (1)
- P sink method (1)
- P speciation (1)
- P-Recyclingdünger (1)
- P-efficiency (1)
- P. Fluorescens (1)
- PAK (1)
- PM monitors (1)
- PV modules (1)
- Painting (1)
- Paper sizings (1)
- Particle emission (1)
- Particle size distribution (1)
- Particle synthesis (1)
- Partikel (1)
- Parylene C (1)
- Pathogen spillover (1)
- Pathogen transmission (1)
- Pathogen virulence (1)
- Pentimenti (1)
- Peptide-derived components (1)
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (1)
- Per- and polyfluorinated alkly substances (PFASs) (1)
- Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) (1)
- Performance (1)
- Permeability (1)
- Permeat (1)
- Perowskit (1)
- Persian historical recipes (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Pest control (1)
- Pesticides (1)
- Pflanzenverfügbarkeit (1)
- Pflanzenwurzel (1)
- Phase formation (1)
- Phase transformation (1)
- Phenotypic heterogeneity (1)
- Phenotypic variation (1)
- Phoshpor availability (1)
- Phosphate dynamics (1)
- Phosphate extractability and availability (1)
- Phosphates (1)
- Phosphor-Rückgewinnung (1)
- Phosphorous recovery (1)
- Phosphorrückgewinnung (1)
- Phosphorus K-edge-XANES spectroscopy (1)
- Phosphorus availability (1)
- Phosphorus elimination (1)
- Phosphorus plant-availability (1)
- Phosphous recovery (1)
- Photocatalytic surfaces (1)
- Photodynamic therapy (1)
- Photometric P determination (1)
- Photonics (1)
- Phototrophs (1)
- Phyllosphere (1)
- Physical and optical characteristics (1)
- Pilot comparison (1)
- Pilze (1)
- Plant Experiment (1)
- Plant availability (1)
- Plant economic spectrum (1)
- Plant pathogen (1)
- Plastic degradation (1)
- Plastic waste (1)
- Platinum (1)
- Pollutant (1)
- Pollution (1)
- Polydopamine (1)
- Polyelektrolyt (1)
- Polyethylene terephthalate (1)
- Polyioinic liquid (1)
- Polymer-based products (1)
- Polymerase mutant (1)
- Polypropylene (1)
- Polystyrene (1)
- Polyurethanes (1)
- Porosity (1)
- Portrayal of St Joseph (1)
- Pot experiments (1)
- Potential toxic elements (1)
- Probiotic-based vaccines (1)
- Probiotics (1)
- Process Metallurgy (1)
- Process development (1)
- Process upscaling (1)
- Proficiency testing (1)
- Proofreading deficient (1)
- Prospective risk assessment (1)
- Proteome (1)
- Proton conductivity (1)
- Pseudomonas fluorescens (1)
- Pseudomonas veronii (1)
- Ptinidae (1)
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health (1)
- Purification (1)
- Pyrolyse (1)
- Pyrolysis (1)
- Pyrometallurgie (1)
- Quasispecies (1)
- RNA interference (1)
- RNA-Seq (1)
- RNA-Sequencing (1)
- RNAi (1)
- Radio waves (1)
- Radiocarbon (1)
- Radon (1)
- Radon exhalation (1)
- Raman Spectroscopy (1)
- Raphael school (1)
- Reactive oxygen species (1)
- Reactor conditions (1)
- Real-time qPCR (1)
- Recipes (1)
- Recovery potential (1)
- Recovery rate (1)
- Recycled gypsum (1)
- Recycled sources (1)
- Recyclingdüngemittel (1)
- Red Mud (1)
- Red mud (1)
- Redensarten (1)
- Reductive decomposition (1)
- Reductive defluorination (1)
- Reduktionsprozess (1)
- Reference materials (1)
- Reference method (1)
- Reference nanoparticles (1)
- Reference organisms (1)
- Reference samples (1)
- Regulation (1)
- Relative agronomische Effizienz (RAE) (1)
- Religion (1)
- Rembrandt (1)
- Remediation (1)
- Research Data Infrastructure (1)
- Research Data Management (1)
- Research data management (1)
- Resistance model (1)
- Resource Recovery (1)
- Resources (1)
- Retentat (1)
- Reverse paintings on glass (1)
- Reworking (1)
- Rhenanite (1)
- Rhizopus (1)
- Rhizopus and Aspergillus oryzae (1)
- Rhizosphere (1)
- Rhizosphere effect (1)
- Rhizosphere processes (1)
- Rhodonia placenta (1)
- Rice (1)
- Road construction waste (1)
- Robustness validation (1)
- Rock biofilm (1)
- Root economics space (1)
- Rostral gland (1)
- Round robin test (1)
- Rround robin test (1)
- Ruthenium (1)
- SAXS (1)
- SEM (1)
- SEM micrography (1)
- SEM wood characterization (1)
- SIMS (1)
- SVOC (1)
- Safety (1)
- Salts (1)
- Sample preparation (1)
- Sapphire (1)
- Sc recovery (1)
- Sc-ICP-ToF-MS (1)
- Scanning micro-X-ray fluorescence (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) (1)
- Schmetterlinge (1)
- Scribal corrections (1)
- Secondary P-fertilizer (1)
- Secondary metabolites (1)
- Secondary raw materials (1)
- Selective Chlorination (1)
- Selective chlorination (1)
- Selective quantification (1)
- Self-assembled monolayer (1)
- Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) (1)
- Semivolatile organic compounds (1)
- Sensors (1)
- Sequence annotation (1)
- Sequential extraction (1)
- Sets of archaeometric data (1)
- Setzmaschine (1)
- Sewage Sludge (1)
- Sewage Sludge Ashes (1)
- Sewage sludge ash (SSA) (1)
- Sewage sludge disposal (1)
- Short crack propagation (1)
- Silica and polystyrene nanoparticles (1)
- Silicate (1)
- Silicon carbide (1)
- Silver (1)
- Single cell (1)
- Single cell microbiology (1)
- Sixteenth-century painting technique (1)
- Size (1)
- Size exclusion chromatography (1)
- Size resolved chemical composition (1)
- Social Immunity (1)
- Social immunity (1)
- Social insect (1)
- Social insects (1)
- Sociality (1)
- Software (1)
- Soil contact (1)
- Soil incubation study (1)
- Soil-feeding habit (1)
- Soil-like material (1)
- Soils (1)
- Solar panels (1)
- Soldier (1)
- Solid phase extraction (SPE) (1)
- Solid-liquid extraction (1)
- Solid-phase extraction (SPE) (1)
- Solitary bees (1)
- Solute excretion (1)
- Solvents (1)
- Solvolyse (1)
- Solvolysis (1)
- Sorption (1)
- Spectral imaging (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Sprache (1)
- Standardization (1)
- Standsicherheit (1)
- Steelmaking residues (1)
- Stoichiometric homeostasis (1)
- Stone cultural heritage (1)
- Stop/flow experiments model (1)
- Strategy and Management (1)
- Stress conditions (1)
- Sub-4nm particles (1)
- Subjective complaints (1)
- Subsocial (1)
- Subsoil nutrient tracing (1)
- Sugar cane bagasse (1)
- Sum parameter (1)
- Sum parameter analysis (1)
- Suppression (1)
- Surface interactions (1)
- Surface water (1)
- Surface waters (1)
- Survival rates (1)
- Synchrotron (1)
- Synchrotron radiation (1)
- Synergy (1)
- Synthesis (1)
- Synthetic metabolism (1)
- Synthetic organic pigments (1)
- Systematics (1)
- Tannins (1)
- Targeted and nontargeted (1)
- Targeting, Nanoparticles (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Temperate rain forest (1)
- Temperature and humidity (1)
- Temple Scroll (1)
- Tems (1)
- Terbutryn (1)
- Termite-associated microbes (1)
- Termiten (1)
- Termitoidae (1)
- Textilschädling (1)
- Thermal analysis (1)
- Thermal degradation (1)
- Thermo-desorption (1)
- Thermocouple (1)
- Thermodynamic (1)
- Thioimidazolium (1)
- Time resolved chemical composition (1)
- Torah (1)
- Torah scrolls (1)
- Touch surfaces (1)
- Transition metals (1)
- Tripartite interactions (1)
- UV radiation (1)
- UV-irradiation (1)
- Ultrastructure (1)
- Umwelt (1)
- Umweltmessung (1)
- Umweltsimulation (1)
- Umweltverträglichkeit (1)
- Up-cycling (1)
- UpConversion (1)
- Urban mining (1)
- Ureolytic bacteria (1)
- Utilisation (1)
- VOC emission (1)
- VOC-Emission (1)
- VOC-emission (1)
- Validation trial (1)
- Vanadium (1)
- Vasari (1)
- Vegetationsversuche (1)
- Vererbung (1)
- Vergleichende Linguistik (1)
- Verwertung (1)
- Viruses (1)
- Vitrine (1)
- Vitriolic iron-gall inks (1)
- Vorsorgewerte (1)
- Waste (1)
- Waste incineration (1)
- Waste management (1)
- Waste water (1)
- Water (1)
- Water analysis (1)
- Water atmosphere (1)
- Water contact (1)
- Water stable isotope analysis (1)
- Water uptake (1)
- Weld fatigue (1)
- Weld toe geometry (1)
- Wet-mechanical treatment (1)
- White-rot fungi (1)
- Wood Modification (1)
- Wood ash (1)
- Wood samples (1)
- Wooden toys (1)
- Writing materials (1)
- X-Ray analysis (1)
- X-Ray flourescence spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray adsorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray diffraction (XRD) (1)
- X-ray fuorescence (1)
- X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray tomographic (1)
- XRF imaging (1)
- XRF ink analysis (1)
- Yeast (1)
- ZIF (1)
- ZIF-8 (1)
- Zearalenone (1)
- Zearalenone sulfate (1)
- Zentrat (1)
- Zeolithe (1)
- Zinc chloride (1)
- Zinc oxide (1)
- Zinnschlacke (1)
- a-zearalenol (1)
- dsDAN monolayer (1)
- fertilizer (1)
- iChip (1)
- microspectroscopy (1)
- openBIS (1)
- pH (1)
- pH probe (1)
- pHe (1)
- qPCR (1)
- soil (1)
- underexplored phyla (1)
- x-ray diffraction (1)
- ‘Green’ pesticide (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 4 Material und Umwelt (341)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (93)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (74)
- 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung (56)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (54)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (44)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (38)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (33)
- 6 Materialchemie (31)
- 1.7 Organische Spuren- und Lebensmittelanalytik (12)
Paper des Monats
- ja (19)
The ISO 16000-6 standard gives directions to adapt the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor and test chamber air to very volatile organic compounds (VVOCs). The same techniques with sorbent-based active sampling, thermal desorption and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) should be used. However, VVOCs require gaseous standards, an adapted GC column and a reliable sampling adsorbent. This work presents experimental results to tackle those three experimental gaps. A stable standard gas mixture containing 47 VVOCs, 13 VOCs and an internal standard was successfully generated. It was employed to study the suitability of seven types of chromatography columns. The use of PLOT (Porous Layer Open Tubular) columns such as PoraBOND Q is well suitable for VVOC analysis. The recoveries of the 60 analytes on a total of 16 adsorbents and their combinations were determined: A combination of the graphitized carbon black Carbograph 5TD 40/60 and the carbon molecular sieve CarbosieveTM SII showed great recoveries for all analytes. Carbon molecular sieves adsorb water which can impair the analysis. A dry purge of the multi-sorbent in the sampling direction led to a complete water removal and promising recoveries of the analytes.
In 2005, a team of Polish archaeologists discovered three Coptic codices, two on papyrus and one on parchment, in the rubbish dump of a hermitage at Sheik Abd el-Gurna, Egypt. While the parchment codex and the remains of the bindings of the papyrus ones have been conserved, the text blocks of the papyrus codices were opened and disassembled and after being disinfected remained untouched for nearly 15 years, until the current project started. Currently, all three books are stored in the collection of the Coptic Museum in Cairo. Our team undertook the conservation of and archaeometric research on the papyrus codices. The first of the books contains the Canons of Pseudo-Basil, while the second is an Encomium of St. Pisenthios. Both codices have been palaeographically dated to the seventh-eighth centuries CE. In this paper, we describe our project and present the results of the work carried out on the Canons of Pseudo-Basil. Our work involved photography in transmitted light, measurements of the thickness of the papyrus leaves, and digital microscopy under three-light illumination. These measurements allowed us to determine the types of the inks and characterize the papyrus writing substrate. For conservation, we used a novel method developed in the Egyptian Museum in Berlin that comprises suspending papyrus folios on a translucent, extremely thin Japanese paper inside glass frames without the use of adhesives.In 2005, a team of Polish archaeologists discovered three Coptic codices, two on papyrus and one on parchment, in the rubbish dump of a hermitage at Sheik Abd el-Gurna, Egypt. While the parchment codex and the remains of the bindings of the papyrus ones have been conserved, the text blocks of the papyrus codices were opened and disassembled and after being disinfected remained untouched for nearly 15 years, until the current project started. Currently, all three books are stored in the collection of the Coptic Museum in Cairo. Our team undertook the conservation of and archaeometric research on the papyrus codices. The first of the books contains the Canons of Pseudo-Basil, while the second is an Encomium of St. Pisenthios. Both codices have been palaeographically dated to the seventh-eighth centuries CE. In this paper, we describe our project and present the results of the work carried out on the Canons of Pseudo-Basil. Our work involved photography in transmitted light, measurements of the thickness of the papyrus leaves, and digital microscopy under three-light illumination. These measurements allowed us to determine the types of the inks and characterize the papyrus writing substrate. For conservation, we used a novel method developed in the Egyptian Museum in Berlin that comprises suspending papyrus folios on a translucent, extremely thin Japanese paper inside glass frames without the use of adhesives.
Microscopic knowledge of the structural, energetic, and electronic properties of scandium fluoride is still incomplete despite the relevance of this material as an intermediate for the manufacturing of Al−Sc alloys. In a work based on first-principles calculations and X-ray spectroscopy, we assess the stability and electronic structure of six computationally predicted ScF3 polymorphs, two of which correspond to experimentally resolved single-crystal phases. In the theoretical analysis based on density functional theory (DFT), we identify similarities among the polymorphs based on their formation energies, chargedensity distribution, and electronic properties (band gaps and density of states). We find striking analogies between the results obtained for the ow- and high-temperature phases of the material, indirectly confirming that the transition occurring between them mainly consists of a rigid rotation of the lattice. With this knowledge, we examine the X-ray absorption spectra from the Sc and F K-edge contrasting firstprinciples results obtained from the solution of the Bethe−Salpeter equation on top of all-electron DFT with high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection measurements. Analysis of the computational results sheds light on the electronic origin of the absorption maxima and provides information on the prominent excitonic effects that characterize all spectra. A comparison with measurements confirms that the sample is mainly composed of the high- and low-temperature polymorphs of ScF3. However, some fine details in the experimental results suggest that the probed powder sample may contain defects and/or residual traces of metastable polymorphs.
Angesichts der zunehmenden Digitalisierung und dem Einsatz datenintensiver Methodiken in der Wissenschaft stehen Forschende vor der Herausforderung, stetig wachsende Datenmengen nachvollziehbar zu dokumentieren, langfristig zu speichern und für Dritte nachnutzbar zu machen. Um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, bietet sich die Nutzung von Software-Lösungen an, welche Forschungsdatenmanagement mit der digitalen Dokumentation von Laborinventar und Experimenten in elektronischen Laborbüchern (engl. electronic lab notebooks (ELN)) verknüpfen.
The BAM Data Store
(2023)
As a partner in several NFDI consortia, the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM, German federal institute for materials science and testing) contributes to research data standardization efforts in various domains of materials science and engineering (MSE). To implement a central research data management (RDM) infrastructure that meets the requirements of MSE groups at BAM, we initiated the Data Store pilot project in 2021. The resulting infrastructure should enable researchers to digitally document research processes and store related data in a standardized and interoperable manner. As a software solution, we chose openBIS, an open-source framework that is increasingly being used for RDM in MSE communities.
The pilot project was conducted for one year with five research groups across different organizational units and MSE disciplines. The main results are presented for the use case “nanoPlattform”. The group registered experimental steps and linked associated instruments and chemicals in the Data Store to ensure full traceability of data related to the synthesis of ~400 nanomaterials. The system also supported researchers in implementing RDM practices in their workflows, e.g., by automating data import and documentation and by integrating infrastructure for data analysis.
Based on the promising results of the pilot phase, we will roll out the Data Store as the central RDM infrastructure of BAM starting in 2023. We further aim to develop openBIS plugins, metadata standards, and RDM workflows to contribute to the openBIS community and to foster RDM in MSE.
In this article, we present two Coptic papyri, P 11934 and P 11935 from the Berlin collection excavated in Ashmunein (ancient Hermopolis) by Otto Rubensohn in 1906. We employ a multi-disciplinary approach that takes into account both their materiality – writing support as well as ink – and their content, as has become ‘best practice’. 1 Material aspects of written documents have traditionally been the purview of papyrologists. Recently developed methods of scientific analysis generate sets of archaeometric data with the potential to improve understanding of the materiality of ancient document production, as well as to yield new evidence for genuine papyrological research questions. To achieve this, a large corpus of comparative data needs to be built. Our contribution offers a first step in this direction. We aim at presenting the papyri, which were selected because of the ink corrosion during conservation work at the Berlin collection, in a format that is exhaustive both for material and textual aspects. The inks from both papyri were analysed using a combination of techniques, contributing to our better understanding of the development of ink technology in Late Antiquity.
Bacterial biofilms pose serious problems in medical and industrial settings. One of the major societal challenges lies in the increasing resistance of bacteria against biocides used in antimicrobial treatments, e.g., via overabundant use in medicine, industry, and agriculture or cleaning and disinfection in private households. Hence, new efficient bacteria-repellent strategies avoiding the use of biocides are strongly desired. One promising route to achieve bacteria-repellent surfaces lies in the contactless and aseptic large-area laser-processing of technical surfaces. Tailored surface textures, enabled by different laser-processing strategies that result in topographic scales ranging from nanometers to micrometers may provide a solution to this challenge. This article presents a current state-of-the-art review of laser-surface subtractive texturing approaches for controlling the biofilm formation for different bacterial strains and in different environments. Based on specific properties of bacteria and laser-processed surfaces, the challenges of anti-microbial surface designs are discussed, and future directions will be outlined.
Materials that support natural biodiversity on their surfaces can compensate for human activities that have a negative impact on nature and thus contribute to a carbon-neutral and nature-positive world. Specifically designing bioreceptive materials which favor the growth of biofilms on their surface is an approach complementing conventional, macroscopic green façades. But what exactly characterizes a bioreceptive substrate and how do biofilm and substrate interact? How and why does a spontaneous colonization and the formation of biofilms take place? What are biofilms and how can they be established in a laboratory setting? How can this existing knowledge be transferred to the artificial stone concrete so that this material can be tuned to increase (or decrease) its bioreceptivity?
This review paper aims at summarizing the existing state of knowledge on bioreceptive concrete and pointing out inconsistencies and contradictions which can only be removed by more interdisciplinary research in the field.
Ratiometric green–red fluorescent nanosensors for fluorometrically monitoring pH in the acidic range were designed from 80 nm-sized polystyrene (PS) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs), red emissive reference dyes, and a green emissive naphthalimide pH probe, analytically and spectroscopically characterized, and compared regarding their sensing performance in aqueous dispersion and in cellular uptake studies. Preparation of these optical probes, which are excitable by 405 nm laser or LED light sources, involved the encapsulation of the pH-inert red-fuorescent dye Nile Red (NR) in the core of self-made carboxylated PSNPs by a simple swelling procedure and the fabrication of rhodamine B (RhB)-stained SiO2-NPs from a silane derivative of pH-insensitive RhB. Subsequently, the custom-made naphthalimide pH probe, that utilizes a protonation-controlled photoinduced electron transfer process, was covalently attached to the carboxylic acid groups at the surface of both types of NPs. Fluorescence microscopy studies with the molecular and nanoscale optical probes and A549 lung cancer cells confirmed the cellular uptake of all probes and their penetration into acidic cell compartments, i.e., the lysosomes, indicated by the switching ON of the green naphthalimide fluorescence. This underlines their suitability for intracellular pH sensing, with the SiO2-based nanosensor revealing the best performance regarding uptake speed and stability.
Bacterial biofilms can pose a serious health risk to humans and are less susceptible
to antibiotics and disinfection than planktonic bacteria. Here, a novel method
for biofilm eradication based on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy utilizing
a nanoparticle in conjunction with a BODIPY derivative as photosensitizer was
developed. Reactive oxygen species are generated upon illumination with
visible light and lead to a strong, controllable and persistent eradication of
both planktonic bacteria and biofilms. One of the biggest challenges in biofilm
eradication is the penetration of the antimicrobial agent into the biofilm and
its matrix. A biocompatible hydrophilic nanoparticle was utilized as a delivery
system for the hydrophobic BODIPY dye and enabled its accumulation within the
biofilm. This key feature of delivering the antimicrobial agent to the site of action
where it is activated resulted in effective eradication of all tested biofilms. Here,
3 bacterial species that commonly form clinically relevant pathogenic biofilms
were selected: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus
mutans. The development of this antimicrobial photodynamic therapy tool for
biofilm eradication takes a promising step towards new methods for the much
needed treatment of pathogenic biofilms.
Methane emission by terrestrial invertebrates is restricted to millipedes, termites, cockroaches, and scarab beetles. The arthropod-associated archaea known to date belong to the orders Methanobacteriales, Methanomassiliicoccales, Methanomicrobiales, and Methanosarcinales, and in a few cases also to nonmethanogenic Nitrososphaerales and Bathyarchaeales. However, all major host groups are severely undersampled, and the taxonomy of existing lineages is not well developed. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences and genomes of arthropod-associated archaea are scarce, reference databases lack resolution, and the names of many taxa are either not validly published or under-classified and require revision. Here, we investigated the diversity of archaea in a wide range of methane-emitting arthropods, combining phylogenomic analysis of isolates and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with amplicon sequencing of full-length 16S rRNA genes. Our results allowed us to describe numerous new species in hitherto undescribed taxa among the orders Methanobacteriales (Methanacia, Methanarmilla, Methanobaculum, Methanobinarius, Methanocatella, Methanoflexus, Methanorudis, and Methanovirga, all gen. nova), Methanomicrobiales (Methanofilum and Methanorbis, both gen. nova), Methanosarcinales (Methanofrustulum and Methanolapillus, both gen. nova), Methanomassiliicoccales (Methanomethylophilaceae fam. nov., Methanarcanum, Methanogranum, Methanomethylophilus, Methanomicula, Methanoplasma, Methanoprimaticola, all gen. nova), and the new family Bathycorpusculaceae (Bathycorpusculum gen. nov.). Reclassification of amplicon libraries from this and previous studies using this new taxonomic framework revealed that arthropods harbor only CO2 and methyl-reducing hydrogenotrophic methanogens.
Numerous genus-level lineages appear to be present exclusively in arthropods,suggesting long evolutionary trajectories with their termite, cockroach, and millipede hosts, and a radiation into various microhabitats and ecological nichesprovided by their digestive tracts (e.g., hindgut compartments, gut wall, or anaerobic protists). The distribution patterns among the different host groups are often complex, indicating a mixed mode of transmission and a parallel evolution of invertebrate and vertebrate-associated lineages.
Black writing materials of different types and compositions have varied in use over time and different geographical regions. With this paper, we would like to contribute to their study by listing and reviewing recipes for black writing inks that were in circulation in the Carolingian Empire as well as by referencing the archaeometric analyses of the black inks used in the manuscripts. The studies presented here that involved the humanities and natural sciences provide new insights into how the scholars of the early Medieval Ages organized manuscripts.
Colours on East Asian Maps
(2023)
Maps and colours have a close connection. Drawn or printed in black on white, subsequently added colours enhance maps with additional information. Colours were not just there to improve maps aesthetically, but they regulated how they were read and thus reinforced their meanings, significances and ideas. Colour is an important key to a more precise understanding of the map’s purposes and uses; moreover, colours are also an important aspect of a map’s materiality. The material scientific analysis makes it possible to find out more about the making of colours and the process of colouring maps. By skillfully deploying colours, map colourists were able to create mimetic representations of nature or codify information in an abstract form. The use of colours involved many considerations as to the materials. ‘Reading’ colours in this way gives a glimpse into the social lives of mapmakers as well as map users and reveals the complexity of the historical and social context in which maps were produced and how the maps were actually made. Within the scope of the three-year joint research project Coloured Maps (2018–2021), we undertook an in-depth and systematic study of hand-drawn and hand-coloured maps from East Asia in the Museum am Rothenbaum (MARKK) in Hamburg and produced between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries.
With a multi-perspective approach and transdisciplinary methods (humanities and the sciences), we were able to pool and compare the research results from different fields of research on Asian maps. The aim of this publication is to provide a first general overview of the subject of colours on maps in East Asia in the period from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century and to stimulate further research on the topic.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen of considerable medical importance, owing to its pronounced antibiotic tolerance and association with cystic fibrosis and other life-threatening diseases. The aim of this study was to highlight the genes responsible for P. aeruginosa biofilm tolerance to antibiotics and thereby identify potential new targets for the development of drugs against biofilm-related infections. By developing a novel screening approach and utilizing a public P. aeruginosa transposon insertion library, several biofilm-relevant genes were identified. The Pf phage gene (PA0720) and flagellin gene (fliC) conferred biofilm-specific tolerance to gentamicin. Compared with the reference biofilms, the biofilms formed by PA0720 and fliC mutants were completely eliminated with a 4-fold-lower gentamicin concentration. Furthermore, the mreC, pprB, coxC, and PA3785 genes were demonstrated to play major roles in enhancing biofilm tolerance to gentamicin. The analysis of biofilm-relevant genes performed in this study provides important novel insights into the understanding of P. aeruginosa antibiotic tolerance, which will facilitate the detection of antibiotic resistance and the development of antibiofilm strategies against P. aeruginosa.
The soil-feeding habit is an evolutionary novelty found in some advanced groups of termites. The study of such groups is important to revealing interesting adaptations to this way-of-life. The genus Verrucositermes is one such example, characterized by peculiar outgrowths on the head capsule, antennae and maxillary palps, which are not found in any other termite. These structures have been hypothesized to be linked to the presence of a new exocrine organ, the rostral gland, whose structure has remained unexplored.
We have thus studied the ultrastructure of the epidermal layer of the head capsule of Verrucositermes tuberosus soldiers.We describe the ultrastructure of the rostral gland, which consists of class 3 secretory cells only. The dominant secretory organelles comprise rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which provide secretions delivered to the surface of the head, likely made of peptide-derived components of unclear function. We discuss a possible role of the rostral gland of soldiers as an adaptation to the frequent encounter with soil pathogens during search for new food resources.
Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) is a neuropeptide produced in the insect corpora cardiaca that plays an essential role in mobilising carbohydrates and lipids from the fat body to the haemolymph. AKH acts by binding to a rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the adipokinetic hormone receptor (AKHR). In this study, we tackle AKH ligand and receptor gene evolution as well as the evolutionary origins of AKH gene paralogues from the order Blattodea (termites and cockroaches). Phylogenetic analyses of AKH precursor sequences point to an ancient AKH gene duplication event in the common ancestor of Blaberoidea, yielding a new group of putative decapeptides. In total, 16 different AKH peptides from 90 species were obtained. Two octapeptides and seven putatively novel decapeptides are predicted for the first time. AKH receptor sequences from 18 species, spanning solitary cockroaches and subsocial wood roaches as well as lower and higher termites, were subsequently acquired using classical molecular methods and in silico approaches employing transcriptomic data. Aligned AKHR open reading frames revealed 7 highly conserved transmembrane regions, a typical arrangement for GPCRs.
Phylogenetic analyses based on AKHR sequences support accepted relationships among termite, subsocial (Cryptocercus spp.) and solitary cockroach lineages to a large extent, while putative post-translational modification sites do not greatly differ between solitary and subsocial roaches and social termites. Our study provides important information not only for AKH and AKHR functional research but also for further analyses interested in their development as potential candidates for biorational pest control agents against invasive termites and cockroaches.
Excessive discharge of quaternary ammoniumdisinfectants such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC) into aquatic systems can trigger several physiological responses in environmental microorganisms. In this study, we isolated a less-susceptible strain of Aeromonas hydrophila to BAC, designated as INISA09, froma wastewater treatment plant in Costa Rica. We characterized its phenotypic response upon exposure to three dierent concentrations of BAC and characterizedmechanisms related to its resistance using genomic and proteomic approaches. The genome of the strain, mapped against 52 dierent sequenced A. hydrophila strains, consists of approximately 4.6Mb with 4,273 genes. We found a massive genome rearrangement and thousands of missense mutations compared to the reference strain A. hydrophila ATCC 7966.
We identified 15,762 missense mutations mainly associated with transport, antimicrobial resistance, and outer membrane proteins.
In addition, a quantitative proteomic analysis revealed a significant upregulation of several efflux pumps and the downregulation of porins when the strain was exposed to three BAC concentrations.Other genes related tomembrane fatty acid metabolism and redox metabolic reactions also showed an altered expression.
Our findings indicate that the response of A. hydrophila INISA09 to BAC primarily occurs at the envelop level, which is the primary target of BAC. Our study elucidates the mechanisms of antimicrobial susceptibility in aquatic environments against a widely used disinfectant and will help better understand howbacteria can adapt to biocide pollution. To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the resistance to BAC in an environmental A. hydrophila isolate. We propose that this bacterial species could also serve as a new model to study antimicrobial pollution in aquatic environments.
Climate change is becoming one of the greatest challenges facing our society, particularly due to the continued use of fossil fuels. The steadily increasing demand for energy and the continuously growing world population will further intensify these challenges. The development of renewable energies is therefore of central importance. The 2020 EU Energy Roadmap aims to increase the share of renewable energies (gross energy consumption) to 55% by 2050.
Hydrogen (H2) has the highest potential to become the primary renewable energy source. It is envisioned that by 2050 up to 24% of the total energy demand of Europe is to be ensured by H2. However, a decisive disadvantage of the climate friendly alternatives is the massive containment demand, which needs to be highly secure, cost efficient and easily extractable.
Underground geological formations (UGF) represent a seemingly optimal alternative to meet the rapidly increasing storage demand. In this context, many studies are currently underway to determine the feasibility and risks of UGF. However, little or no consideration is being given to microbiology. Therefore, in this Research Topic we will focus on achieving a greater understanding of the impact microorganisms exert on UGF, with a particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies.
As many subsurface microbial communities can use H2 as an electron donor, production of seemingly undesirable metabolic byproducts, such as hydrogen sulfide, methane, and acids, are also to be expected. However, the rate of the H2 conversion by the microorganisms, how their metabolic activities impact the UGF on a short-term and long-term scale, the extent of damages microorganisms exert on the infrastructure, or potential use of microorganisms to enhance UGF are just a few questions that require urgent research to assess the role of microorganisms in this new anthropogenic use of the subsurface environment. These and many questions can be addressed in this article collection. In particular, understanding microbial community changes and activity rates will help assess operational and environmental risks, develop mitigation strategies and provide new insights on life under extreme conditions (i.e., pressure, salinity).
In this Research Topic, the editorial team particularly welcomes Original Research, Hypothesis and Theory, Method, and Review manuscripts that deal with the latest advances in microbiology in formations that are planned or currently prepared for hydrogen storage, from both fundamental and practical points of view. The ultimate objective is to promote a deeper understanding into the sustainability of UGF and generate interdisciplinary research involving microbiologists, reservoir engineers, geologists, chemists, physicists.
The topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
• Microbial diversity in different underground hydrogen storage sites or formations currently being considered for hydrogen storage
• Mechanism and impact of microbial growth under high H2 pressure
• Potential role of microorganisms in the short-term and long-term storage of hydrogen
• Potential influences of microorganisms on the hydrogen storage infrastructure systems, e.g., microbiologically influenced corrosion, biofilm growth
• Hydrogen-solid-microorganism interactions, including the influence of microbial growth on UGF geological parameters
• Mechanism and modelling of microbial impact on hydrogen storage
UGF relevant for this Research Topic include porous media, salt caverns, deep aquifers, hard rock caverns and depleted oil/gas reservoirs.
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a phenomenon of increasing concern which affects various materials and sectors of society. MIC describes the effects, often negative, that a material can experience due to the presence of microorganisms. Unfortunately, although several research groups and industrial actors worldwide have already addressed MIC, discussions are fragmented, while information sharing and willingness to reach out to other disciplines is limited. A truly interdisciplinary approach, that would be logical for this material/biology/chemistry-related challenge, is rarely taken. In this review we highlight critical non-biological aspects of MIC that can sometimes be overlooked by microbiologists working on MIC but are highly relevant for an overall understanding of this phenomenon. Here, we identify gaps, methods and approaches to help solve MIC related challenges, with an emphasis on the MIC of metals. We also discuss the application of existing tools and approaches for managing MIC and propose ideas to promote an improved understanding of MIC. Furthermore, we highlight areas where the insights and expertise of microbiologists are needed to help progress this field.