4 Material und Umwelt
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Erscheinungsjahr
- 2020 (2) (entfernen)
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- Zeitschriftenartikel (2) (entfernen)
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- Englisch (2) (entfernen)
Referierte Publikation
- ja (2) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Amphiphilic polymer (1)
- Antibacterial polymer (1)
- Artificial weathering (1)
- Degradable polymer (1)
- Degradation (1)
- Environmental simulations (1)
- Ionic liquid (1)
- Leaching (1)
- Polyioinic liquid (1)
- Polymer-based products (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 4 Material und Umwelt (2)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (2)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (1)
- 1.8 Umweltanalytik (1)
- 3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher (1)
- 3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien (1)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (1)
New antibacterial agents are urgently required to fight the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We recently synthesized the first thioimidazolium ionene, which has antibacterial properties and can degrade in various media. This dual functionality is crucial in order to limit the environmental impact of these biocides. We have found that our polymer is stronger than benzalkonium chloride (BAC) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also readily degrades in the presence of base, while remaining stable in acidic environments. These results highlight a new emerging class of antibacterial degradable polymers.
The potential release of hazardous substances from polymer-based products is currently in the focus of environmental policy. Environmental simulations are applied to expose such products to selected aging conditions and to investigate release processes. Commonly applied aging exposure types such as solar and UV radiation in combination with water contact, corrosive gases, and soil contact as well as expected general effects on polymers and additional ingredients of polymer-based products are described. The release of substances is based on mass-transfer processes to the material surfaces. Experimental approaches to investigate transport processes that are caused by water contact are presented. For tailoring the tests, relevant aging exposure types and release quantification methods must be combined appropriately. Several studies on the release of hazardous substances such as metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, flame retardants, antioxidants, and carbon nanotubes from polymers are summarized exemplarily. Differences between natural and artificial exposure tests are discussed and demonstrated for the release of flame retardants from several polymers and for biocides from paints. Requirements and limitations to apply results from short-term artificial environmental exposure tests to predict long-term environmental behavior of polymers are presented.