4 Material und Umwelt
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Vortrag (443) (entfernen)
Sprache
- Englisch (280)
- Deutsch (157)
- Spanisch (4)
- Französisch (2)
Referierte Publikation
- nein (443)
Schlagworte
- Biocides (20)
- Recycling (20)
- Antimicrobial resistance (19)
- Nano (18)
- Ink (16)
- MIC (14)
- Biofilms (12)
- Phosphor (12)
- XRF (12)
- Klärschlamm (11)
- PFAS (11)
- Phosphorrückgewinnung (11)
- Nanomaterial (10)
- OECD (10)
- Antimicrobial coating (9)
- Bacteria (9)
- Corrosion (9)
- Deponie (9)
- Evolution (9)
- Leaching (9)
- CFK (8)
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (8)
- Risk assessment (8)
- VOC (8)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (7)
- Phosphorus recovery (7)
- Standardization (7)
- Archaeometry (6)
- Black fungi (6)
- E. coli (6)
- Emission (6)
- Manuscript (6)
- Manuscripts (6)
- Methanogens (6)
- Nanopartikel (6)
- Ringversuch (6)
- Rostasche (6)
- Sewage sludge (6)
- Soil (6)
- Termite (6)
- Aerosol (5)
- BBodSchV (5)
- BOFS (5)
- Bauprodukte (5)
- Disinfection (5)
- Genetics (5)
- Geokunststoffe (5)
- Gichtgasschlamm (5)
- Humboldt Codices (5)
- Hydraulic reactivity (5)
- Indoor air quality (5)
- Klärschlammverordnung (5)
- NAP-XPS (5)
- Papier (5)
- Sekundärrohstoffe (5)
- Tolerance (5)
- XANES spectroscopy (5)
- Alginate (4)
- BEMMA (4)
- Biocide (4)
- Biofilm (4)
- Bodenmaterial (4)
- Bundesoberbehörden (4)
- Cabonfasern (4)
- Carbon Fibers (4)
- Cascade impactor (4)
- Coptic (4)
- Dünger (4)
- EN 16516 (4)
- Ecotoxicity (4)
- Elektroofenstaub (4)
- Emission reference materials (4)
- Fungus (4)
- Inks (4)
- Kunststoffdichtungsbahn (4)
- Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen (4)
- Melanin (4)
- Museum (4)
- PAK (4)
- Phosphorus (4)
- Pigments (4)
- Prüfrichtlinie (4)
- Pyrometallurgy (4)
- Raman spectroscopy (4)
- Ressourcenrückgewinnung (4)
- Reverse glass painting (4)
- TXRF (4)
- Transformation (4)
- Verwertung (4)
- X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (4)
- ZfP (4)
- Zink (4)
- Analytik (3)
- Antibiotics (3)
- Antimikrobielle Resistenz (3)
- Antmikrobielle Oberflächen (3)
- Archaea (3)
- Baustoffrecycling (3)
- Beschleunigte Alterung (3)
- Biozide (3)
- CIC (3)
- Carbon steel (3)
- Carbonfaser (3)
- Combustion ion chromatography (3)
- Cultural heritage (3)
- DRIFTS (3)
- Düngemittel (3)
- EOF (3)
- Electric Arc Furnace (3)
- Environmental evaluation (3)
- Environmental simulation (3)
- Fertilizer (3)
- Formaldehyd (3)
- Geogitter (3)
- Glutaraldehyde (3)
- Gypsum (3)
- HP14 (3)
- Heterogeneity (3)
- Holzschutz (3)
- ISO 16000-6 (3)
- Immune gene family (3)
- Immunity (3)
- Ink analyses (3)
- Iron-gall ink (3)
- Klärschlammasche (3)
- Knufia petricola (3)
- Korrosion (3)
- Kulturgut (3)
- Leichtbau (3)
- Light (3)
- Makronährstoffe (3)
- Mantelverordnung (3)
- Material science (3)
- Materials emissions test (3)
- Mechanochemical treatment (3)
- Methanogen (3)
- Methanogen-induced microbiologically influenced corrosion (3)
- Microbiology (3)
- Mikroplastik (3)
- Non destructive analytical techniques (3)
- Nährstoffe (3)
- PFC (3)
- Phenotypic diversity (3)
- Pigment (3)
- Portland Cement (3)
- Pyrometallurgie (3)
- Recycling materials (3)
- Remediation (3)
- Resistance (3)
- Robustness studies (3)
- Spectroscopy (3)
- Standardisierung (3)
- Steelmaking (3)
- Sulfate reducing bacteria (3)
- Test guideline (3)
- VVOCs (3)
- Virus (3)
- XANES (3)
- XRF analysis (3)
- Zement (3)
- 3D printing (2)
- AbfKlärV (2)
- Air quality monitoring (2)
- Analytical method (2)
- Antimicrobial surfaces (2)
- Arabic Recipes (2)
- Architecture (2)
- Archäometrie (2)
- Ashdec (2)
- Bauxite Residue (2)
- Behördenklausurtagung (2)
- Bio-weathering (2)
- Biocide tolerance (2)
- Black fungus (2)
- Böden (2)
- CDW processing (2)
- CSMC (2)
- Cairo Genizah (2)
- Carbonfasern (2)
- Chemical analysis (2)
- Chemical durability (2)
- Chinese paper (2)
- Combustion Ion Chromatography (2)
- Construction products (2)
- Corrosion products (2)
- Cross-resistance (2)
- DGT (2)
- Deponien (2)
- Dichtungskontrollsysteme (2)
- Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) (2)
- Disinfectants (2)
- Element mass concentration (2)
- Elutionsverhalten (2)
- Emerging (2)
- Emission reference material (2)
- Environmental Simulation (2)
- Eusociality (2)
- Extremotolerance (2)
- FFF-3D-Printer (2)
- FTIR (2)
- Fungal biofilms (2)
- Fungi (2)
- Genomics (2)
- Geosynthetics (2)
- Geruch (2)
- Glass (2)
- Group defence (2)
- Größenbestimmung (2)
- HI-Tension (2)
- Horizontal gene transfer (2)
- Hydrogen (2)
- ICP-MS (2)
- IPM (2)
- In-situ analysis (2)
- Ink composition (2)
- Inkwells (2)
- Interdisciplinary (2)
- Knufia (2)
- Kreislaufwirtschaft (2)
- Kunststoffrasen (2)
- LA-ICP-MS (2)
- LD-Schlacke (2)
- Landwirtschaft (2)
- Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) (2)
- Lichtbogenofen (2)
- Low melting (2)
- Luft (2)
- Lysimeter (2)
- Manuscript studies (2)
- Metabolism (2)
- Microbial (2)
- Microbiome (2)
- Microplastics (2)
- Middle Ages (2)
- Mikrobiell beeinflusste Korrosion (2)
- Mikroorganismen (2)
- Modelling studies (2)
- Monoverbrennungsanlage (2)
- Museum Pests (2)
- Mutation rate (2)
- Nanofasern (2)
- Nanomaterialien (2)
- Nanomaterials (2)
- Normung (2)
- Olivine (2)
- Papyrus (2)
- Particles (2)
- Particulate emission (2)
- Partikel (2)
- Passive sampling (2)
- Pathogen (2)
- Persian manuscripts (2)
- Phopshorus recovery (2)
- Pollutants (2)
- Polymere (2)
- Recycling fertiliser (2)
- Recycling fertilisers (2)
- Red Mud (2)
- Reference material (2)
- Reproduzierbarkeit (2)
- Rotschlamm (2)
- Sanierung (2)
- Sc-ICP-ToF-MS (2)
- Scandium (2)
- Secondary Recources (2)
- Sewage sludge ordinance (2)
- Single cell analysis (2)
- Size (2)
- Solar panel (2)
- Spannungsrissbeständigkeit (2)
- Standardisation (2)
- Stress (2)
- Sustainability (2)
- TED-GC/MS (2)
- Tantal (2)
- Tantalum (2)
- Termite phylogeny (2)
- Total reflection X-ray spectroscopy (2)
- UV radiation (2)
- Ultrafine particles (2)
- Umweltsimulation (2)
- VIS (2)
- VOC-Emissionen (2)
- Volatile organic compounds (2)
- Wasserzeichen (2)
- Waste management (2)
- Weathering (2)
- XPS (2)
- Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2)
- Zitronensäure (2)
- fungus (2)
- melanin (2)
- 3D Printing (1)
- 3D inspection (1)
- AMR (1)
- AOF (1)
- ASAP-MS (1)
- ATR (1)
- Abdichtungssystem (1)
- Abfallbehandlung (1)
- Abwasserbehandlung (1)
- Academia (1)
- Additive Fertigung (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (AM) (1)
- Additive manufacturing (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone (1)
- Adipokinetic hormone receptor (1)
- Advanced Materials (1)
- Aerosol measurements (1)
- Aerosol spectroscopy (1)
- Agarose (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Aging test (1)
- Air quality (1)
- Airborne Particles (1)
- Alite (1)
- Alite hydraulic reactivity (1)
- Alkali zinc borate glass (1)
- Alkalien (1)
- Altlasten (1)
- Ambient aerosol (1)
- Ambient aerosols (1)
- Ambient air (1)
- Ambient air pollution (1)
- Ammoniak (1)
- Ammonium (1)
- Analytical chemistry (1)
- Analytische Methode (1)
- Ancient INKS (1)
- Anobium punctatum (1)
- Anoxia (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Antibakterielle Oberflächen (1)
- Antibiotic (1)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (1)
- Antimicrobials (1)
- Antimon (1)
- Apanteles carpatus (1)
- Arabic recipes (1)
- Archéométrie (1)
- Ascomycetes (1)
- Auslaugverfahren (1)
- Auswaschung (1)
- Auswaschversuche (1)
- Authentifizierung (1)
- Autoclave tests (1)
- BEMMA Bewertung (1)
- BMU (1)
- BODIPY dye (1)
- Bacteria repellent surfaces (1)
- Bacterial adhesion (1)
- Bacterial adhesion tests (1)
- Bacterial attachment (1)
- Bacterial infection (1)
- Bagasse (1)
- Baryscapus tineivorus (1)
- Bassanite (1)
- Bauhaus (1)
- Bauproduktenverordnung (1)
- Bee (1)
- Bees (1)
- Begasung (1)
- Bestandserhaltung (1)
- Beständigkeit (1)
- Bewehrungen aus Kunststoff (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biofilm formation (1)
- Biofilm growth (1)
- Biofilme (1)
- Bioilm (1)
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Biological Control (1)
- Biologische Bekämpfung (1)
- Biosphere (1)
- Biosphere-technosphere interaction (1)
- Biotische/abiotische Faktoren (1)
- Biozid (1)
- Black Ink (1)
- Blast furnace sludge (1)
- Blattodea (1)
- Blue Angel ecolabel (1)
- Boden (1)
- Botrytis (1)
- Botrytis cinerea (1)
- Bottom ash (1)
- Building products (1)
- CEN (1)
- CFRP (1)
- CO2 assisted impregnation (1)
- COST (1)
- COST Action (1)
- CRM (1)
- Calcium silicate (1)
- Calcium sulfate (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Carbide formation (1)
- Carbon Fibre (1)
- Carbon feeding (1)
- Carbon ink (1)
- Carbon steel corrosion (1)
- Carbonbeton (1)
- Carotenoids (1)
- Cast iron (1)
- Characterization (1)
- Chemical characterization (1)
- Chemical composition (1)
- Chinese Paper (1)
- Chromium (1)
- Circular Economy (1)
- Clinker substitute (1)
- Coastal protection (1)
- Cockroach (1)
- Codicology (1)
- Conditioning layer (1)
- Construction Products (1)
- Construction and demolition waste (1)
- Consumer products (1)
- Contamination (1)
- Controllable gene expression (1)
- Controlled release fertilisers (1)
- Core/shell nanoparticle (1)
- Corrosion product (1)
- Corynetes caeruleus (1)
- Crispr/Cas9 (1)
- Cultural Entomology (1)
- Cultural Heritage (1)
- Culuative energy demand (1)
- DIN (1)
- DIN EN 16516 (1)
- DIN EN 350 (1)
- DIN EN 717-1 (1)
- DMAS (1)
- DSLT (1)
- Dauerhaftigkeit (1)
- Dead Sea Scrolls (1)
- Deponiebau (1)
- Deponietechnik (1)
- Desiccation (1)
- Design of experiments (1)
- Dichtungskontrollsystem (1)
- Diffusive Gradients in thin films (DGT) (1)
- Diffusive sampling (1)
- Digitalisation (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Disease (1)
- Dispay case (1)
- Display case (1)
- Drawing (1)
- Drawings (1)
- Dyes (1)
- E$volution (1)
- EN 717-1 (1)
- EOF/AOF (1)
- EU EMPIR (1)
- EU regulations (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ectoine (1)
- Edible insects (1)
- Effective uptake rate (1)
- Efflux (1)
- Electric arc furnace dust (1)
- Electron microscopy (1)
- Elektronisches Laborbuch (1)
- Element analysis (1)
- Element mass concetration (1)
- Elutionsverfahren (1)
- Emerging Contaminants (1)
- Emission Test Chamber (1)
- Emission Testing (1)
- Emission chambers (1)
- Emission test chamber (1)
- Emission test chamber procedure (1)
- Emission testing (1)
- Emissionen (1)
- Emissions (1)
- Emissions of hazardous gases (1)
- Emissionskammer (1)
- Emissionsmessungen (1)
- Emissionsprüfkammer (1)
- Emisson testing (1)
- Enamel colors (1)
- Encre (1)
- Environmental friendly (1)
- Ergebnisunsicherheit (1)
- Ersatzbaustoffe (1)
- Europa (1)
- European research area (1)
- Exposure risk (1)
- Extraktionsversuche (1)
- Extreme environments (1)
- Extremophilic fungi (1)
- FEM model (1)
- FIB/SEM (1)
- FTIR spectroscopy (1)
- FTIR-, XRF-, VIS- espectroscopia (1)
- Farbmittel (1)
- Fassadenfarbe (1)
- Fassadenfarben (1)
- Feeding behaviour (1)
- Fibre analysis (1)
- Filament comparison (1)
- Filterstaub (1)
- Flammschutzmittel (1)
- Flow Model (1)
- Flow system (1)
- Flow-system (1)
- Fluor XANES (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorometric sensing (1)
- Formaldehyde (1)
- Forschungsförderung (1)
- Forschungsstrategie (1)
- Freisetzung und Transfer von Schadstoffen (1)
- Fume (1)
- Fälschungserkennung (1)
- Gas chromatography (1)
- Gas sensing (1)
- Gas storage (1)
- Gene network (1)
- Genetic tools (1)
- Genizah du Caire (1)
- Genome editing (1)
- Geotextilien (1)
- Gesteinskorrosion (1)
- Gesteinskörnungen (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gipsabfälle (1)
- Gipsrecycling (1)
- Glass scanning (1)
- Gleichwertigkeit Messverfahren (1)
- Gold (1)
- Green pesticide (1)
- Greenhouse gas balance (1)
- Ground water (1)
- Grundwasser (1)
- Größe (1)
- Gut microbiota (1)
- Gypsum fiberboards and synthetic gypsum (1)
- Gypsum recycling (1)
- Gütezeichen (1)
- H2-Abbau (1)
- HAXPES (1)
- HDPE geomembrane (1)
- HR-CS-GFMAS (1)
- HR-GF-MAS (1)
- Hausbock (1)
- Heavy metal removal (1)
- Herculaneum (1)
- Hi-Tension (1)
- Historic ink (1)
- Horizontal gene transfer HGT (1)
- Hylotrupes bajulus (1)
- IAQ (1)
- ISO (1)
- ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies (1)
- Illness-induced anorexia (1)
- In situ (1)
- Incineration bottom ash (1)
- Indoor Air Quality (1)
- Indoor Products (1)
- Indoor emission (1)
- Industrial applications (1)
- Industrielles Abwasser (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Initial attachment (1)
- Ink terminology (1)
- Innenraum (1)
- Integrated Museum Pest Management (IMPM) (1)
- Ionizing radiation (1)
- Ir DNA staining approach (1)
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (1)
- Jewish cultures (1)
- Kleidermotte (1)
- Klimaneutralität (1)
- Kontamination (1)
- Kontamination von H2 (1)
- Kraftstoffabbau (1)
- Kraftstoffbehälter (1)
- Kumulierter Energieaufwand (1)
- Kunststoffschweißen (1)
- Lake Cadagno (1)
- Landfill liner (1)
- Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) (1)
- Laser Printer (1)
- Laser processing (1)
- Laser-Materialbearbeitung (1)
- Laser-induced periodic surface structueres (LIPPS) (1)
- Leak detection (1)
- Leather (1)
- Lebensmittelindustrie (1)
- Light regulation (1)
- Light sensing (1)
- Light-induced stress (1)
- Lightning talk (1)
- Lightweighting (1)
- Low cost aerosol PM sensor (1)
- Luftschadstoffe (1)
- Lysimeter, Antimony (1)
- MIC Island (1)
- MSWI bottom ash (1)
- Manuscripta Americana, Techialoyan (1)
- Manuscrits (1)
- Manuskripte (1)
- Marble (1)
- Market surveillance (1)
- Mass spectroscopy (1)
- Material emissions testing (1)
- Material surface colonisation (1)
- Materials emissions testing (1)
- Materials flow (1)
- Melanins (1)
- Metal reducing bacteria (1)
- Metallic silver precipitates (1)
- Metallkorrosion (1)
- Metalls (1)
- Metals (1)
- Methanogenesis (1)
- Method development (1)
- Methoden (1)
- Microbial communities (1)
- Microbiological influenced corrosion MIC (1)
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) (1)
- Microorganism (1)
- Migration (1)
- Mikrobiell (1)
- Mikrobielle Gemeinschaft (1)
- Mineral weathering (1)
- Mircobially influcenced corrosion (1)
- Model (1)
- Model organism (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Molecular (1)
- Monoverbrennung (1)
- Moyen-âge (1)
- Multigassensorik (1)
- Museumsvitrine (1)
- Museumsvitrinen (1)
- Mutagenesis (1)
- NDT (1)
- NFDI (1)
- NIR reflectography (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Nano characterization (1)
- Nano particle (1)
- Nano@BAM (1)
- NanoSIMS (1)
- Nanocarrier (1)
- Nanoparticle (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanoplattform (1)
- Nanorods (1)
- Nanotechnologie (1)
- Nassaufbereitung (1)
- Netzwerk (1)
- Neuartige Materialien (1)
- Neuropeptide (1)
- Neutralammoniumcitrat (1)
- Neutralammoniumnitrat (1)
- Nitrate (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- Non destructive (1)
- Non-destructiv testing (1)
- Non-destructive testing (1)
- Nostoc (1)
- Novel sample preparation techniques (1)
- Nuclear waste disposal (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Oberflächenfunktionalisierung (1)
- Office machines (1)
- On-Line Analyse (1)
- Operating Procedure (1)
- Optical properties (1)
- Optische Tomografie (1)
- Ordinance on Contaminated Sites and Soil Protection (1)
- P-Recyclate (1)
- P-Rückgewinnung (1)
- P-Senken (1)
- P-recovery (1)
- PAH (1)
- PBFSM (1)
- PE-HD (1)
- PFAS analysis (1)
- PFAS analytics (1)
- PM (1)
- Paints (1)
- Paper (1)
- Paper tinting (1)
- Parchment (1)
- Particle (1)
- Particle Size (1)
- Particle gas emission (1)
- Particle size (1)
- Particulate emissions (1)
- Partikeldurchmesser (1)
- Partikeln (1)
- Per- und Polyfluoroierte Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) (1)
- Perfluorierte Verbindungen (1)
- Performance comparison (1)
- Persian manuscript (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Phase separation (1)
- Phosphorbestimmung (1)
- Photoperception (1)
- Phototrophic bacteria (1)
- Pilz (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plastic biofilm (1)
- Plastic pollution (1)
- Plume (1)
- Polymer Matrix Composites (1)
- Polymer foils (1)
- Polypropylen (1)
- Polystyrol (1)
- Preferential binding (1)
- Process control (1)
- Process monitoring (1)
- Projekte (1)
- Proteomics (1)
- Prozessmonitoring (1)
- Prüfkammer (1)
- Prürfrichtlinie (1)
- Push-out Test (1)
- Quality assurance (1)
- Quality assurance/quality control (1)
- Quantum dot (1)
- Qumranrollen (1)
- RAMAN (1)
- REACH (1)
- RFA (1)
- Radon (1)
- Raman (1)
- Recovery (1)
- Red chalk (1)
- Reduction (1)
- Reduction process (1)
- Reference data (1)
- Reference materials (1)
- Reference method (1)
- Reference procedures (1)
- Reflectography (1)
- Regelwerk (1)
- Regulations (1)
- Reifenabrieb (1)
- Release kinetics (1)
- Rembrandt (1)
- Resistance evolution (1)
- Ressourceneffizienz (1)
- Ressourcenschonung (1)
- Restoration and conservation (1)
- Ringversuch P-Gehalt in Klärschlamm (1)
- Risikobewertung (1)
- Rock-inhabiting black fungi (1)
- Rock-inhabiting fungus (1)
- Round robin test (1)
- Röntgenspektroskopie (1)
- Rückgewinnung (1)
- SC-ICP-ToF-MS (1)
- SEM-EDS (1)
- SERS (1)
- SMPS (1)
- SOP (1)
- SRB (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Schadstoffaustrag (1)
- Schadstofftransfer (1)
- Schimmel (1)
- Schlacke (1)
- Schutzschichten (1)
- Schädling (1)
- Secondary building materials (1)
- Secondary metabolism (1)
- Secondary resources (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sekundärgipse (1)
- Selective chlorination (1)
- Selektion (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Sequenzielle Extraktion (1)
- Sewage sludge ash (1)
- Sewage sludge incineration (1)
- Silver diffusion (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Single cell (1)
- Size distribution (1)
- Size resolved chemical composition (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Social (1)
- Social immunity (1)
- Soil P species (1)
- Soil-like material (1)
- Soil-like materials (1)
- Solar parks (1)
- Spatter (1)
- Speziierungsanalyse (1)
- Spielzeug (1)
- Sportböden (1)
- Sportböden auf Kunststoffbasis (1)
- Stahlwerksschlacke (1)
- Stained glass (1)
- Stainless steel (1)
- Stakeholder (1)
- Stalwerksschlacke (1)
- Standardarbeitsanweisungen (1)
- Steelmaking slag (1)
- Stoffstromanalyse (1)
- Stress tolerance (1)
- Structured light scanning (1)
- Subaerial biofilm (1)
- Sum parameter analysis (1)
- Summenparameter (1)
- Surface chemistry (1)
- Surface functionalization (1)
- Synchotron (1)
- Synchrotron (1)
- Tanning (1)
- Tauchtest (1)
- Technologietransfer (1)
- Termites (1)
- Test Guideline (1)
- Test method (1)
- Test strip (1)
- Teststreifen (1)
- Testverfahren (1)
- Thermal Desorption (1)
- Thermal Extraction (1)
- Thermal desorption (1)
- Thermal imaging (1)
- Thermal properties (1)
- Thermal treatment (1)
- Thermische Abfallbehandlung (1)
- Thermochemisch (1)
- Thermochemische Prozesse (1)
- Thermografie (1)
- Thermographie (1)
- Thermoplastic filaments (1)
- Time resolved chemical composition (1)
- Tineola bisselliella (1)
- Tinting (1)
- ToF SIMS (1)
- ToF-SIMS (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Torah Scrolls (1)
- Trait-based ecology (1)
- Transposon (1)
- Tricalciumsilikat (1)
- UFP (1)
- UV absorption (1)
- UV protection (1)
- UV tolerance (1)
- UV-VIS Reflectance spectroscopy (1)
- UV-VIS reflectance spectroscopy (1)
- UV-irradiation (1)
- Ultrakurzpuls-Laser (1)
- Umwelt (1)
- Unterirdische Speicher (1)
- Upscaling (1)
- Uptake rate (1)
- Utilization (1)
- VAMAS (1)
- VOC Emission (1)
- VOC transfer standards (1)
- VOC-emission (1)
- Versuchskampagne (1)
- Virulence (1)
- Vitrinen (1)
- Volatile organic compounds (VOC) (1)
- Vues des Cordillères (1)
- WKI flask method (1)
- Wasserbau (1)
- Wasserstofflagerung (1)
- Wasserstoffplasma (1)
- Waste water treatment (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Weathering tests (1)
- Wiederholbarkeit (1)
- Wiederverwertung (1)
- Wooden toys (1)
- Workflows (1)
- Wärmedämmverbundsystem (1)
- X-Ray fluorescence (1)
- X-Ray fluorescence analyses (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- X-ray spectroscopic techniques (1)
- XRF-, FTIR-, VIS-espectroscopía (1)
- XRF-, VIS- FTIR-spectroscopy (1)
- XRF-, VIS- spectroscopy (1)
- Zeichenmaterialien (1)
- Zementersatz (1)
- Zementklinker (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zinnschlacken (1)
- black fungus (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- genetics (1)
- historic inks (1)
- individual-based modelling (1)
- infrared spectroscopy (1)
- light (1)
- multi scale testing (1)
- pigmentation (1)
- plant pathogen (1)
- signaling (1)
- thermochemische Behandlung (1)
- virulence (1)
- Äquivalenzdurchmesser (1)
- Ökobilanz (1)
- Ökotoxizität (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 4 Material und Umwelt (443)
- 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung (96)
- 4.1 Biologische Materialschädigung und Referenzorganismen (91)
- 4.3 Schadstofftransfer und Umwelttechnologien (81)
- 4.2 Material-Mikrobiom Wechselwirkungen (77)
- 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse (66)
- 4.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (46)
- 6 Materialchemie (30)
- 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien (27)
- 6.1 Oberflächen- und Dünnschichtanalyse (16)
A fundamental question in ecology is how biodiversity affects ecosystem function. Biodiversity is commonly estimated based on genetic variation. We investigated a new approach that defines and measures biodiversity in complex microbial communities. We used the variation in multiple functionally-relevant, phenotypic traits measured in parallel in single cells as a metric for microbial phenotypic diversity. We studied phenotypic diversity and ecosystem functioning throughout different photosynthetic layers dominated by divergent microbial communities in the gradient of Lago di Cadagno. We determined genetic diversity by 16S and 18S amplicon sequencing and bulk ecosystem functioning (photosynthesis). In addition, we determined phenotypic diversity using single-cell technologies such as nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) correlated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning flow-cytometry. We measured functional trait variation between individuals in 13CO2 fixation, 15NH4+ uptake, and variation in physio-morphological cell traits, such as cell size, shape, and auto-fluorescence for various pigments related to photosynthesis. We used the distances between individuals in a multidimensional trait space to derive phenotypic trait-based diversity indices, such as trait richness, trait evenness, and trait divergence. We find that phenotypic trait divergence associates with ecosystem functioning, whereas genetic diversity does not. Including activity-based, single-cell phenotypic measurements with NanoSIMS provided an additional accuracy to the trait-based diversity assessment and allowed us to formulate hypotheses on the mechanisms that shape the correlation between phenotypic diversity and eco-system function. Together, our results show that phenotypic diversity is a meaningful concept to measure microbial biodiversity and associate it with ecosystem functioning.
Basic oxygen furnace slags (BOFS) are a by-product of steel production. In 2016, 10.4 Mt of BOFS were produced in the European Union (EU). The main part of BOFS is used in road construction, earthwork and hydraulic engineering. A smaller part is returned to the metallurgical circle, used as fertilizer or landfilled. However, it is also possible to produce higher value products from BOFS. For example, many researchers have investigated the possibility of producing Portland cement clinker and crude iron from BOFS by a carbothermal post-treatment.
In this study, German BOFS was reduced in a small-scale electric arc furnace using petrol coke as reducing agent. The carbothermal treatment reduces the iron oxides in the BOFS to metallic iron, which accumulates at the bottom of the furnace by density separation. In addition to metallic iron, the process generates a mineral product rich in the tricalcium silicate solid solution alite. As the main constituent of Portland cement clinker, the hydraulic reactive mineral alite is of high economic importance.
In previous studies, the hydraulic reactivity of the mineral product was investigated by testing the compressive strength of blends with 70 wt.% ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Recent investigations focused on the hydraulic properties of the pure mineral product from the reduced BOFS. The heat of hydration of the mineral product was measured by isothermal calorimetry and compared with the heat of hydration of a synthetic low-iron slag and OPC. In addition, the formation of hydration products was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) on freeze-dried samples after defined curing times. The results of the calorimetric measurements indicate that the mineral product produced less heat of hydration and its reaction was delayed compared to the synthetic low-iron slag and OPC. Hydration products such as portlandite and calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) formed later and in lower amounts.
The production of a hydraulic material from BOFS by reductive treatment is of great interest to both the cement and steel industries. The substitution of cement clinker in OPC with a hydraulic material such as reduced BOFS leads to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from cement production. The steel industry benefits from an application for its by-products that avoids cost expensive landfilling and may even bring economic advantages. Furthermore, it may be possible to return the recovered crude iron to production.
Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) is a by-product of the steelmaking process, of which about 10.4 Mt are produced annually in the European Union. Besides its predominant use in road construction, earthwork, and hydraulic engineering, it is also possible to use BOFS as a source material for Portland cement clinker.
The main difference in the chemical composition of BOFS from the chemical composition of Portland cement clinker is its high content of iron oxides (7-50 wt.%). In recent decades, many researchers have investigated the production of both Portland cement clinker and crude iron from BOFS via thermochemical reductive treatment. Carbothermal treatment of liquid BOFS causes reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, which separates from the mineral phase due to its higher density.
In this study, German BOFS was reduced in a small-scale electric arc furnace using petrol coke as reducing agent. The produced low-iron mineral product was chemically similar to Portland cement clinker and contained the most important Portland cement mineral alite (Ca3SiO5) as main component. Besides alite, the mineral product contained other Portland cement clinker constituents such as belite (β-Ca2SiO4) and tricalcium aluminate (Ca3Al2O6).
The production of Portland cement clinker and crude iron from BOFS has economic and ecological benefits for both the cement and steel industry. Cement clinker from reduced BOFS may be used as a substitute for cement clinker from conventional cement production, thereby CO2 emissions will be reduced. The steel industry benefits from a high-value application for its by-products that avoids cost expensive landfilling and may even bring economic advantages. However, reductive treatment requires high temperatures and, for economic reasons, has to be carried out immediately after casting of the liquid BOFS, which is a logistical challenge for most steel plants. A cost-benefit analysis is therefore essential.
Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) is a by-product of steelmaking of which about 10.4 Mt are produced annually in the EU. BOFS is mostly used in road construction, earthwork and hydraulic engineering. However, in this use, the iron bound in BOFS is lost and the opportunity to produce higher value products from BOFS is forgone.
In recent decades, many researchers have investigated the production of both Portland cement clinker and crude iron from BOFS via a thermochemical reductive treatment. The reductive treatment of liquid BOFS causes a reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, which separates from the mineral phase due to its higher density and can be recovered. An advantage of this process is that simultaneously the chemical composition of the reduced BOFS is adapted to that of Portland cement clinker and the hydraulic reactive mineral alite (Ca3SiO5) is formed.
In this study, German BOFS was reduced in a small-scale electric arc furnace and a low-iron mineral product rich in alite was produced. Despite a chemical and mineralogical composition similar to that of Portland cement clinker, the reduced BOFS produced less heat of hydration, and its reaction was delayed compared to Portland cement. However, adding gypsum accelerated the hydration rate of the reduced BOFS.
Further research to improve the hydraulic properties of the reduced BOFS is essential. If successful, the production of a hydraulic material and crude iron from BOFS could have economic and ecological benefits for both the cement and steel industry.
Die Klinkerphasenbildung durch Sinterung in Drehrohröfen bei der Herstellung von Portlandzementklinker (PZK) ist gründlich erforscht und optimiert. Im Hinblick auf mög-liche ökonomische und ökologische Vorteile befassen sich aktuelle Forschungsvorha-ben darüber hinaus mit der Herstellung von Klinkermineralen aus Stahlwerksschla-cken, die eine vergleichbare chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen.
Neuste Untersuchungen zeigen, dass nach der reduzierenden Behandlung schmelz-flüssiger Linz-Donawitz-(LD)-Schlacken und Abscheidung des gebildeten metallischen Eisens eine mineralische Schlacke entsteht, die unabhängig von ihren Abkühlbedin-gungen ca. 50–60 Gew.% des wichtigsten Klinkerminerals Alit (C3S) enthält und eine hohe hydraulische Reaktivität aufweist.
Die Stabilität des Alits auch nach langsamer Abkühlung deutet auf eine Stabilisierung des Minerals durch Nebenelemente aus den LD-Schlacken hin. Ein sinkender Anteil an LD-Schlacke durch Zusatz synthetischer Schlackemischung, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Hauptkomponenten wie eine ausreduzierte LD-Schlacke zusammensetzt, führt zu einem Rückgang des Alitgehaltes und dem Zerfall der Schlacke beim Erstarren.
Steelmaking slag is a by-product of steel production of which 4.5 Mt were produced in 2020 in Germany alone. It is mainly used in road construction, earthwork and hydraulic engineering. A smaller part is returned to the metallurgical circle, used as fertilizer or landfilled.
With this use, iron oxides still contained in steelmaking slag are lost. In addition, the possibility of producing higher-grade products from steelmaking slag is foregone. In recent decades, many researchers have investigated the production of Portland cement clinker and crude iron from basic oxygen furnace slags (BOFS) via a reductive treatment. Carbothermal treatment of liquid BOFS causes a reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, which separates from the mineral phase due to its higher density. Simultaneously, the chemical composition of the reduced slag is adapted to that of the Portland cement clinker.
In this study, German BOFS was reduced in a small-scale electric arc furnace using petrol coke as a reducing agent. The resulting low-iron mineral product had a similar chemical composition to Portland cement clinker and was rich in the tricalcium silicate solid solution alite (Ca3SiO5). Based on its chemical and mineralogical composition, similar to that of Portland cement clinker, the reduced BOFS has the potential to react comparably. In our study, the reduced BOFS produced less heat of hydration compared to OPC and its hydraulic reaction was delayed. However, adding gypsum has been shown to accelerate the hydration rate of the reduced BOFS compared to that known from the calcium silicates of Portland cement clinker.
Further research to improve the hydraulic properties of the reduced slag is essential. If successful, producing a hydraulic binder and crude iron from BOFS could have economic and ecological benefits for both the cement and steel industry.
Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) is a by-product of steelmaking of which about 10.4 Mt are produced annually in the EU. BOFS is mostly used in road construction, earthwork and hydraulic engineering. However, in this use, the iron bound in BOFS is lost and the opportunity to produce higher value products from BOFS is forgone.
In recent decades, many researchers have investigated a thermochemical process to reduce iron oxides to metallic iron in molten BOFS. The metallic iron formed separates from the reduced slag due to its higher density and can be recovered. An advantage of this process is that simultaneously the chemical composition of the reduced slag is adapted to that of the Portland cement clinker and the hydraulic reactive mineral alite is formed.
In this study, BOFS was reduced in a small-scale electric arc furnace using petrol coke as reducing agent, and the hydraulic properties of the reduced, low-iron BOFS were investigated. Despite a chemical and mineralogical composition similar to that of Portland cement clinker, the reduced BOFS produced less heat of hydration, and its reaction was delayed compared to Portland cement. However, the addition of gypsum, as is also done in cement production from Portland cement clinker, has been found to accelerate the hydration rate of reduced BOFS.
Further research to improve the hydraulic properties of the reduced slag is essential. If successful, the production of a hydraulic binder and crude iron from BOFS could have economic and ecological benefits for both the cement and steel industry.
Steelmaking slags are a by-product of steel production, that are currently used primarily in road construction, earthwork, and hydraulic engineering. In this use, the iron bound in the steelmaking slags (< 30 wt.%) is lost.
Recovery of iron from steelmaking slags is possible by thermochemical reductive treatment. The reductive treatment of liquid steelmaking slags causes iron oxides to be reduced to metallic iron, which separates from the mineral phase due to its higher density. The chemical composition of the mineral phase is thus adapted to that of the Portland cement clinker and the mineral alite, the most important component of Portland cement, is formed. This way, crude iron can be recovered, and at the same time a hydraulic binder can be produced.
This process, however, is uneconomical due to the high temperatures required (~1800 °C). In the current project, the process is to be adapted so that the reduction of liquid steelmaking slag can be carried out at ~1600 °C. The chemical composition is to be modified in such a way that the melting temperature of the slags as well as their viscosity are in a technically suitable range and still a product with good cementitious properties is obtained.
Im Vortrag werden Auswaschversuche mit Bauprodukten vorgestellt, die dazu dienen sollen, Bauprodukte mit geringer Auswaschung zu erkennen. Zu verschiedenen Bauprodukten (Lacke für Außenanwendungen, Wärmedämmverbundsystemen, Dachziegel und Dachfolien) werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse vorgestellt. Die Eignung der Auswaschverfahren und die Testergebnisse werden bewertet.