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In the present work it was shown that the tribologcal profiles of special model oxides under dry unidirectional sliding have shown, that sub-oxides have a contribution to the tribological behavior of carbides and cermets, when they are tribo-oxidatively formed, because their tribological profiles as monolithic materials are homologous in part or totally, or compete with hardmetals or cermets, depending from the operating conditions regarded.
Self-mated magnesia stabilized zirconia (Mg-PSZ) ceramic sliding couples have been investigated at 100 N load (P0max= 1324 MPa) in oscillating sliding conditions in different humidity conditions in air and in hot steam. Temperatures have been varied up to 400 °C and pressures up to 6 bars. The results show that the wear behavior of MgO-ZrO2 under high Hertzian contact pressures is strongly dependent on temperature and is similar for both dry oscillating and oscillating in hot steam. However, although the evolution in wear rates on temperature is similar and the wear rates of MgO-ZrO2 plunged above 300 °C in hot steam and air by nearly three orders of magnitude, SEM micrographs revealed in hot steam at 400 °C smooth wear tracks. In contrast, hot steam enhanced the tribochemistry of self-mated alumina couples and reduced wear rates. Hot steam decreased the coefficients of friction of MgO-ZrO2 with increasing temperature, but not the wear rates.
Research and development of WC grades is 90 years ahead of niobium carbide-based hard materials, which showed already as light-weight and unexplored material a very high potential for many technical applications, especially for wear protection and machining. NbC evoluted recently from lab scale to pilot scale, especially in areas where established WC-based materials are causing economic, environmental or technical concerns. Benchmark trials of NbC-based hard metals indicated already a favorable performance in machining of steel components.
The wear rates of self-amted alumina couples show that friction as well as wear is largely determined by the above mentioned hydro-thermal conditions. The presence of water and ist amount available in the surrounding system either in liquid or in gaseous from plays a key role for friction and wear behavior and cabe benefical for the tribological profile of steam degradation resistant materials. Hot steam enhances the tribo-chemical formations of oxides and hydroxides on MgO-ZrO2, alumina and antimony impregnated carbon.
The wear rates of self-mated alumina couples show that friction as well as wear is largely determined by the above-mentioned hydro-thermal conditions. The presence of water and its amount available in the surrounding system either in liquid or in gaseous form plays a key role for friction and wear behavior and can be beneficial for the tribological profile of steam degradation resistant materials. Hot steam enhances the tribo-chemical formations of oxides and hydroxides on MgO-ZrO2 alumina and antimony impregnated carbon.
The present work deals with Niobcarbid (NbC). Strategic reflections on tungsten carbide and more and more stringent toxicological restrictions for cobalt associated for both with spiraling stock market prices have attracted recently some attention for Niobium carbide as a substitute for tungsten carbide in machining.