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- Associated incidental substances (1)
- CCS (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Fluid-rock interactions (1)
- Impurities (1)
- Iodonium (1)
- Near-infrared laser (1)
- Photonic baking (1)
- Photophysics (1)
- Photopolymer (1)
CO2 streams captured from power stations or industrial plants may contain impurities that impact the consecutive steps of the CO2 capture and storage (CCS) chain. As the basis for an optimization of CO2 purity over the whole CCS chain, impacts of different impurities were investigated at key steps including studies on (i) corrosion of metallic materials in CO2 streams and brine, (ii) fluid and interfacial properties as a function of pressure, temperature and CO2 stream composition and their implications for CO2 transport, injection and geological storage, (iii) costs of different pipeline design options, (iv) geochemical alterations at typical reservoir conditions and their implications for geomechanical rock properties. Major findings are synthesized for two exemplary single source-single sink CCS chain scenarios involving CO2 stream compositions typical for pre-combustion capture and oxyfuel combustion. Recommendations for material selection for compression, transport and injection were derived for various CO2 stream compositions. To reliably control corrosion, a limitation of water contents to 50 ppmv is recommended for pipeline transportation of all CO2 streams. At geological storage conditions, the presence of either O2, NOx or SO2 only weakly affected fluid-mineral/rock interactions that still impacted geomechanical rock properties.
Photo-initiated cross-linking of multifunctional acrylic esters in polymeric binders was investigated based on digital imaging using the Computer-to-Plate (CtP) technology applying laser exposure in the near-infrared (NIR). Generation of initiating radicals occurs by electron transfer from the excited state of the NIR-sensitizer to the radical generator, an onium salt. Iodonium salts derived from several borates and those with the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion resulted in lithographic materials with high sensitivity. Photo-induced electron transfer plays a major function to generate initiating radicals by a sensitized mechanism but thermal events also influence sensitivity of the coating. Internal conversion was the major deactivation pathway while a certain fraction of NIR-dye fluorescence was also available. A line shape focused laser system with emission in the NIR was successfully used to bake the materials.