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Today modern reprocessing techniques lead to materials, which bear the potential to be used as aggregates or additives in mineral building materials. Because of highly sophisticated reprocessing techniques residues with relatively stable composition over a certain range and relatively defined properties can be produced. At the same time, new German and European regulations demand a waste management to decrease waste volume stored at landfills to save natural resources and to enhance sustainable development by recycling of diverse residues. This paper shows the activities of the working group 'Saving Resources by Material Recycling'.
Materials such as masonry rubble are potential raw materials for the production of lightweight Aggregates for use in lightweight concretes. Their excellent technical charateristics makes them an attractive substitute for natural expanded day granules.
The lightweight concretes made from these new aggregates show similar properties to those made with conventional expanded clays.
Beside such well approved residues like fly ash, blast fumace slag, silica fume and crushed concrete orbrick, other materials, like waste incineration bottom ash, steel slag, biomass ash, industrial sludge or mixed demolition waste, bear the potential to be used in high-grade mineral building materials. However, sophisticated Processing technologies and progressive applications ofthe waste products are needed. The material efficiency has to be improved by further R&D activities. This paper Shows the activities ofthe working group “Saving Resources by Material Recycling” and presents research about the use of residues from industry, incineration processes and deconstruction for the production of high-grade mineral building materials.
Materialien wie Mauerwerkbruch eignen sich als Rohstoffe zur Herstellung hochwertiger leichter Gesteinskörnungen.
Aus Mauerwerkbruch hergestellte Blähgranulate können natürlichen
Blähton ersetzen. Leichtbetone mit Blähgranulaten als Zuschlag zeigen
ähnliche Eigenschaften wie solche mit herkömmlichen Blähtönen gleicher
Roh- und Schüttdichte.
Concrete containing lightweight aggregates has been known since ancient times. To reduce weight, natural aggregates of volcanic origin, such as crushed lava or pumice, were used in construction purposes, for example for the Pyramids during the Mayan period in Mexico or for monumental structures in the Roman Empire. The most famous examples of this first application of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) in Europe are certainly the Colosseum and the Pantheon. The Roman constructors used natural as well as artificial aggregates, such as pumice, crushed lava and crushed brick, to realise lightweight concrete applications in parts of these buildings. Still today, pumice is used in Germany, Italy, Japan and Iceland as aggregate for structural lightweight concrete.