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- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (3) (entfernen)
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- Englisch (3)
Schlagworte
- Fault isolation (1)
- Mechanical systems (1)
- Numerical computation (1)
- Residual evaluation (1)
- Statistical tests (1)
Fault detection and isolation can be handled by many different approaches. This paper builds upon a hypothesis test that checks whether the mean of a Gaussian random vector has become non-zero in the faulty state, based on a chi2 test. For fault isolation, it has to be decided which components in the parameter set of the Gaussian vector have changed, which is done by variants of the chi2 hypothesis test using the so-called sensitivity and minmax approaches. While only the sensitivity of the tested parameter component is taken into account in the sensitivity approach, the sensitivities of all parameters are used in the minmax approach, leading to better statistical properties at the expense of an increased computational burden. The computation of the respective test variable in the minmax test is cumbersome and may be ill-conditioned especially for large parameter sets, asking hence for a careful numerical evaluation. Furthermore, the fault isolation procedure requires the repetitive calculation of the test variable for each of the parameter components that are tested for a change, which may be a significant computational burden. In this paper, dealing with the minmax problem, we propose a new efficient computation for the test variables, which is based on a simultaneous QR decomposition for all parameters. Based on this scheme, we propose an efficient test computation for a large parameter set, leading to a decrease in the numerical complexity by one order of magnitude in the total number of parameters. Finally, we show how the minmax test is useful for structural damage localization, where an asymptotically Gaussian residual vector is computed from output-only vibration data of a mechanical or a civil structure.
A theorem on damage localization from flexibility changes has been proven recently,
where it has been shown that the image of the change in flexibility δF between
damaged and reference states of a structure is a basis for the influence lines of stress
resultants at the damaged locations. This damage localization approach can operate on
output-only vibration measurements from damaged and reference states, and a finite
element model of the structure in reference state is required. While the localization
approach is based on purely mechanical principles, an estimate of the image of δF is
required from the data that is subject to statistical uncertainty due to unknown noise
excitation and finite data length. In this paper, this uncertainty is quantified from the
measurements and a statistical framework is added for the decision about damaged
elements. The combined approach is successfully applied to a numerical simulation
and to a cantilever beam in a lab experiment.
Operational modal analysis and vibration based damage detection of engineering
structures have become important issues for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and
maintenance operations, e.g. on transport infrastructure. Methods from control
engineering have been adopted and converted for the application on civil structures.
Approaches like subspace-based system identification combine excellent theoretical
properties under the unknown excitation properties of a structure with practical
usefulness.
In this paper, the implementation of covariance-driven stochastic subspace
identification (SSI) on the smart wireless sensor platform PEGASE is described.
Special care is taken about the fast implementation of this technique since the
computations are embedded on the platform and perform in real-time. The most
efficient and current version of subspace algorithms has been implemented. Efficiency
and memory consumption are primary criteria in this implementation.
First validated results will be given for each step of the algorithms: crosscorrelation
on natural inputs signal from sensors; Hankel matrix output; SSI
implementation using the LAPACK library to get a SVD, pseudo-inverse, eigenvalues
etc. Results validation has been correlated between PEGASE implementation and the
previous processing in static situation: the same data was collected by wired sensors
and data-loggers, then, later, processed on a PC using traditional Matlab software.
In parallel, from an engineering point of view, a description of the PEGASE
wireless platform will be given: generic usage, wide capacities, embedded Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) processor and Library over a small embedded Linux
Operating System, a very accurate synchronization principle based on a GPS/PPS
principle, etc. Perspectives about a complete technical in-situ installation will also be
given.