Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (24)
- Posterpräsentation (15)
- Zeitschriftenartikel (13)
- Vortrag (3)
Sprache
- Englisch (55) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Nano aerial robot (10)
- Swarm (8)
- Mobile Robot Olfaction (7)
- Electronic nose (6)
- Gas sensing (5)
- Environmental monitoring (4)
- TDLAS (4)
- Embedded sensors (3)
- Gas sensors (3)
- Indoor air quality (3)
- LoRaWAN (3)
- Localization (3)
- Long term monitoring (3)
- Multisensor system (3)
- Passive RFID (3)
- Smart sensors (3)
- Smart structures (3)
- Trail detection (3)
- Trail following (3)
- Aerial robot (2)
- Aerial robot olfaction (2)
- Air quality (2)
- Air quality monitoring (2)
- Chemometric techniques (2)
- Digitalisation (2)
- Drop test (2)
- Environment (2)
- Fluorescence (2)
- Gas dispersion simulation (2)
- Gas tomography (2)
- Indoor Localization (2)
- Localization of gas sources (2)
- Mobile Robot (2)
- Mobile robot olfaction (2)
- Monitoring (2)
- NDT Inspection (2)
- Plume (2)
- Remote gas sensor model (2)
- Sensors (2)
- Setup and Validation (2)
- Spectroscopy (2)
- Structural health monitoring (2)
- Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes (2)
- Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) (2)
- UAV (2)
- UAV-REGAS (2)
- VOC (2)
- Voltammetric electronic tongue (2)
- Wastewater (2)
- Accelerometer (1)
- Ammonia (1)
- Analysis (1)
- Anemometer (1)
- Calibration of electrical quantities (1)
- Calibration of force (1)
- Calibration of temperature (1)
- Civil engineering (1)
- Collision-free navigation (1)
- Concept (1)
- Concrete (1)
- Corresponding relative humidity (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Digital Certificates (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Drop (1)
- Elastoplastic material parameters (1)
- Embedded sensor (1)
- Embedded system (1)
- Emmbedded sensor (1)
- Environmental analysis (1)
- Estimation (1)
- Fiber optic sensing (1)
- Fluorescence sensor (1)
- Fluorescent sensor (1)
- Fluoreszenz (1)
- Flying platforms (1)
- Frequency response (1)
- GC-MS (1)
- Gas detector (1)
- Gas standard generator (1)
- H2Safety@BAM (1)
- High impact shock application (1)
- Hopkinson Bar (1)
- Hopkinson bar (1)
- Hydrogen (1)
- Hydrogen technology (1)
- Indentation (1)
- Legged robots (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Measurement uncertainty (1)
- Metal oxide semiconductor (1)
- Multirotor aircraft (1)
- Multivariate analysis (1)
- New sensor principles (1)
- Oil (1)
- Oil spills (1)
- Outdoor odor emissions (1)
- PCA (1)
- PH monitoring in concrete (1)
- PLS regression (1)
- Passive sensor interface (1)
- Pattern recognition methods (1)
- Permeation (1)
- Petrol (1)
- Petroleum (1)
- Phototransistor (1)
- Piezoresistive accelerometer (1)
- Porous building materials (1)
- Portable (1)
- Prototyp (1)
- QI Digital (1)
- Quadruped robots (1)
- Quality Infrastructure (1)
- RFID (1)
- RFID based sensors (1)
- RFID sensors (1)
- RFID-based sensors (1)
- Rapid test (1)
- Ratiometric fluorescence (1)
- Reinforced concrete (1)
- Remote gas sensing (1)
- SHM (1)
- SHT (1)
- Safety region model (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Sensoren (1)
- Sensorik (1)
- Sensors in concrete (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (1)
- Structural Health Monitoring (1)
- TD-GC-MS (1)
- Temperature behavior (1)
- Temperature calibration (1)
- Temperature characteristics (1)
- Test (1)
- Test Streifen (1)
- Test gas generation (1)
- Test strip (1)
- Thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1)
- Thrust (1)
- UAS (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Urban air monitoring (1)
- Wasserstoff (1)
- Water quality (1)
- Water quality control (1)
- WiFi (1)
- Wind (1)
- Wind vector (1)
- Wireless mobile sensor device (1)
- agricultural economy (1)
- embedded sensor (1)
- environment (1)
- fluorescence (1)
- gas analysis (1)
- poultry odorous air monitoring (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- Öl (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (55) (entfernen)
Paper des Monats
- ja (1)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (3)
This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize the chemical trail, a novel detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response, making it more robust in its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot is able to correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future.
With the reduction of large oil spills because of stricter regulations and safety measures, the question of how to manage smaller oil spills arises. Few on-site analytical tools are available for first responders or other law enforcement personnel to rapidly test for crude oil in the early management of localized polluted areas. The approach reported here relies on well-described computer-assisted multivariate data analysis of the intrinsic fluorescence fingerprints of crude oils to build a multivariate model for the rapid classification of crude oils and the prediction of their properties. Thanks to a dedicated robust portable reader, the method allowed classification and accurate prediction of various properties of crude oil samples like density (according to API, the American Petroleum Institute and viscosity as well as composition parameters such as volume fractions of paraffins or aromatics. In this way, autonomous operation in on-site or in-the-field applications becomes possible based on the direct (undiluted and untreated) measurement of samples and a rapid, tablet-operated readout system to yield a robust and simple analytical test with superior performance. Testing in real-life scenarios allowed the successful classification and prediction of a number of oil spill samples as well as weathered samples that closely resemble samples collected by first responders.
Temperature characteristics of a piezoresistive accelerometer for high impact shock application
(2018)
This study presents the characterization of a piezoresistive accelerometer damped with silicon oil for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM. Experiments were performed with the Hopkinson Bar method in close correlation to the real-world application conditions. The results point out certain limitations regarding the temperature influence and the frequency response. Additional experiments were performed with a gas damped type of piezoresistive accelerometer, which has superior specifications, particularly for low temperatures. The results allow for a comparison.
Leaking methane (CH4) from infrastructures, such as pipelines and landfills, is critical for the environment but can also pose a safety risk. To enable a fast detection and localization of these kind of leaks, we developed a novel robotic platform for aerial remote gas sensing. Spectroscopic measurement methods for remote sensing of selected gases lend themselves for use on mini-copters, which offer a number of advantages for inspection and surveillance over traditional methods. No direct contact with the target gas is needed and thus the influence of the aerial platform on the measured gas plume can be kept to a minimum. This allows to overcome one of the major issues with gas-sensitive mini-copters. On the other hand, remote gas sensors, most prominently Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors have been too bulky given the payload and energy restrictions of mini-copters. Here, we present the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS), which combines a novel lightweight TDLAS sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile hexacopter. The proposed system can be deployed in scenarios that cannot be addressed by currently available robots and thus constitutes a significant step forward for the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO). It enables tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes and a localization of gas sources. We also present first results showing its performance under realistic conditions.
Pollution through emission of toxic gases is an increasing problem for the environment. It affects similarly agricultural, industrial and urban areas. In future, environmental emissions in ambient air must be monitored at even lower concentrations as nowadays. One environmental relevant compound is ammonia and its conversion product ammonium that have strong negative impact on human health and ecosystems. Most ammonia measurements in ambient air are performed in the range below 1000 nmol·mol 1 and thus there is a need for reliable traceable ammonia gas standards and in addition in situ analytical procedures for monitoring (in ambient air to avoid that thresholds are exceeded). Therefore, the use of reference materials is necessary for development accompanying test or for calibration, e. g. of structure-integrated sensors and mobile multi-gas sensors.
The developed gas standard generator produces gas mixtures that comply with the metrological traceability for ammonia gas standards in the desired environmentally relevant measurement range. The method is based on the permeation of ammonia through a membrane at constant temperature and pressure. The resulting ammonia penetrant gas flow is then mixed with a carrier gas flow to generate a gas standard flow of known concentration. The dynamic rage is enlarged by using a two dilution steps. Depending on the permeation rate, generable molar fractions are possible in the range nmol·mol-1 to a few µmol·mol-1. We present the design of an ammonia gas standard generator and first results of the characterisation of its individual components supporting the uncertainty assessment according to GUM for stable gas concentrations in this range. The relative uncertainty of the generated ammonia gas standard is smaller than 4 % (k = 2).
Sensor network deployment
(2018)
Innovation is the catalyst for the technology of the future. It is important to develop new and better technologies that can continuously monitor the environmental impact, e.g., for air Quality control or emission detection. In the recently at BAM developed Universal Pump Sensor Control (UPSC3) module, different components and sensors are fused. The combination of the individual components makes the UPSC3 module an excellent monitoring and reference system for the development and characterization of gas specific sensors. Measurements over long periods are possible, for mixed gas loads or for certain gas measurements. The System is part of a mobile sensor network of several sensor units, which can also be used as standalone systems.
BAM is the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing and the competent authority for mechanical and thermal safety assessment of transport packages for spent fuel and high level waste. In context with safety assessment of RAM packages BAM performed numerous drop tests in the last decades. The tests were mostly accompanied by extensive and various measurement techniques especially by instrumented measurements with strain gages and accelerometers.
The procedure of drop testing and the resulting measurement analysis are the main methods to evaluate the safety against mechanical test conditions. Measurement techniques are dedicated to answer questions in regard to the structural integrity of a RAM package, the mechanical behavior of the prototype as well as of its content under impact conditions.
Test results like deceleration-time functions constitute a main basis for the validation of assumptions in the safety analysis and for the evaluation of numerical calculations. In this context the adequate selection of accelerometers and measurement systems for the performance of drop tests is important. Therefore it is not only necessary to find suitable positions for the accelerometers at the test specimens, but also to consider technical boundary conditions as e.g. temperature.
The presence of wastewater and air pollution has become an important risk factor for citizens, not only in terms of problems related to health risks, but also because of its negative impact on the country's image. For this reason, malodorous emission monitoring and control techniques are in high demand in urban areas and industries. The aim of this work is first to build an electronic nose (e-nose) and a Voltammetric Electronic tongue (VE-tongue) in order to study their ability to discriminate between polluted and clean environmental samples. Secondly, Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS), and Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) are utilized to explain this discrimination by identifying specific compounds from these samples. Indeed, the e-nose, consisted of metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors, is used for the assessment of the studied odorous air and headspace samples from water and wastewater sites. Moreover, the VE-tongue, based on metal electrodes, is utilized to determine the patterns of the sensor array responses, which serve as fingerprints profiles of the analyzed liquid samples. Chemometric tools, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are operated for the processing of data from the e-nose and the VE-tongue. By using the both systems, the analyses of headspace and liquid samples from the seven sites allow better discrimination. To explain the cause of the obtained discrimination, TD-GC-MS and SPME-GC-MS analyses are well performed to identify compounds related sites. According to these outcomes, the proposed e-nose and VE-tongue are proved to be rapid and valuable tools for analysis of environmental polluted matrices.
The present paper describes the development of a sensor material that changes its fluorescence in the presence of gaseous ammonia in a relevant concentration range. The implementation into a semi-automatic gas measurement device enables low-cost, precise, simple and fast monitoring of low con-centrations of harmful gases, like ammonia, and hence can help to improve the climate monitoring in livestock housing, barns or stables.