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Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (57)
Messung und Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen bei erhöhten Anfangsdrücken
(2001)
The theoretical basics for the simulation of the inert gas influence on explosion limits of fuel gas/air-gas mixtures of the halfempirical simulation model EPSIM are detailed described. Through modifications of this model it is possible to simulate the inert gas and fuel gas influence on the pressure limits of stability of C2H2 at different initial temperatures for the first time. The simulation model is based on the conservation equations for the minority species and energy without consideration of heat losses by radiation for the propagation of an one dimensional, stationary, premixed, laminar flame. The necessary border criterion for an explosion limit or a stability limit is a certain flame temperature, which is than constantly assumed about the further process of the limit curve. This flame temperature is calculated using measured stability limits or explosion limits. For the determination of the reaction enthalpy of the system the equilibrium constants of the formulated gross reactions are iterative calculated. Apart from homogeneous also heterogeneous gross reactions, especially the important decomposition reaction with the formation of elementary carbon, are considered for the first time. The simulation results are validated by pressure limits of stability determined experimentally at several initial temperatures for C2H2, C2H4 and C2H2/N2-, C2H2/CO2-, C2H2/H2-, C2H2/NH3-, C2H2/C2H4-gas mixtures. By visualization of a C2H2-decomposition with high speed videotakes and from the simultaneously measured pressure/time-curves the detailed form of the pressure/time-curve can be explained physically for the first time.
The connection of stability limits and explosion limits is represented by the example of the ternary gas system C2H4/N2/Luft at an initial pressure of 100 bar and different initial temperatures. The inert gas influence on the explosion limits of C2H4/air-systems is also simulated.
Simulation des Fremdgaseinflusses auf die Stabilitätsgrenzdrücke von C2H2 mit dem Modell EPSIM
(2002)
Experimentelle Bestimmung des Inert- und Brenngaseinflusses auf die Stabilitätsgrenzdrücke von Ethin
(2003)
Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen am Beispiel von Alkene/Luft-Gasgemischen
(2001)
Messung und Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen bei erhöhten Anfangsdrücken
(2001)
SAFEKINEX - Reports in WP2
(2006)
The project will develop test methodology for explosion indices al non-ambient conditions, a validated data base on them and on many other explosion indices as a function of pressure and temperature. Further, models will be developed, enabling prediction of behaviour of reactive systems and predicting explosion parameters.
Scale-up experiments
(2004)
Acetylenflaschen im Feuer
(2011)
Preventing the explosion of acetylene cylinders involved in fire with help of numerical modeling
(2012)
The current paper describes a mathematical model, which was developed to simulate the heat transfer in acetylene cylinders during exposure to a fire. The cases of a direct engulfment of the cylinder in the flames and of exposure to a distant fire were considered. Furthermore, the model was also applied to the prediction of the heat transfer during the cooling with water of heated acetylene cylinders, in order to assess the effectiveness of this procedure as a measure to prevent the burst of the cylinder. To provide data for the definition and validation of the model a total of 13 bonfire tests with 8.9-, 10- and 50-dm³-cylinders were performed, where pressure and temperature measurements in the samples were performed. During 5 experiments the fire was extinguished before the expected cylinder burst and a cooling with water was applied. In the paper a short description of the experimental set-up and of the test results is given. Finally, a comparison with the model predictions is provided, showing reasonable agreement.
In connection with the use of chemically unstable gases (especially acetylene and ethylene oxide) accidents keep on happening - amongst them also quite serious ones. These gases are known to be chemically unstable. A chemically unstable sas is a flammable gas that is able to react exolosivelv even in the absence of air or oxveen. The investigation of accidents showed that the Chemical instability of flammable gases played an important role in the severity of accidents. Therefore, this hazardous property was included in the global harmonizatiön of the Classification of Chemicals. The Classification of chemically unstable flammable gases and mixtures is an amendment to Chapter 2.2 “Flammable gases” of the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), because most chemically unstable gases are flammable as well. The proposal to add them to the GHS originated from the experts of an informal working group of the UN Sub-Committee of Expert on the GHS (UNSCEGHS) headed by BAM, Germany. The UNSCEGHS has decided to include it in the Fourth Revised Edition of the GHS. The respective method for determining whether a gas is chemically unstable or not, is included in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria. This paper presents some experimental investigations of these gases, the test methods, examples of new classifications and results from CHEMSAFE