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In this study, the test method EN 14825 for testing heat pumps is validated by verifying the sensitivity of the seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηs,(declared on the energy Efficiency label) in relation to the nominal heating capacity Pdesign. Therefore, the two major parts of the test method, the measurement part and the calculation part, were investigated. The calculation part was subjected to a sensitivity analysis in order to identify the properties of a heat pump which have a strong influence on ηs. The analysis revealed that the energy consumption in Special operating states, the duration in active-mode and seasonal performance values in active-mode (SCOPon) significantly affect the sensitivity of ηs. Especially short operating times, in which the heat pump is in active-mode, lead to large changes in ηs with varying Pdesign. In addition, the range of power of Pdesign turned out to have an increasing impact on ηs with decreasing Pdesign. For Pdesign values ≤10 kW, the sensitivity of ηs increases tremendously. Especially the determination of the ηs for devices with short operating times in active-mode (1400 h) and low values for Pdesign (≤10 kW)cannot be reproduced anymore.
The European Standards EN14511 and EN14825 are representing standardized procedures for testing the energy efficiency of heat pumps and air conditioners with electrically driven compressors for both space heating and cooling. In this study, these standards are analyzed and validated. It was figured out that the currently used methods implicate high complexity and high financial effort. In order to clarify the circumstances and to identify the deficits more in detail, a round robin test with independent and accredited laboratories was initiated. The aim is to develop an optimized test procedure that improves the feasibility of the testing procedure and finally its application. This study should lead to a repeatable and reproducible testing procedure, which is also compatible with the state of the art in heat pump technology and real operation conditions.