Filtern
Dokumenttyp
Schlagworte
- Fluoreszenz (2)
- Metrology (2)
- Absorption (1)
- Anionen (1)
- Biogene Amine (1)
- CCQM (1)
- Carboxylat (1)
- Chromogene Sensoren (1)
- Composite reinforced tanks (1)
- Compressed hydrogen storage (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
The need for quality assessment of anthropogenic impact on environmental pollution is increasing due to discharge from various industries, the use of chemicals in agriculture and the consumption of fossil fuels. Diminishing resources such as natural waters used for the cultivation of agricultural products, plant and animal habitats are under severe pollution pressure and are at constant risk. Several parameters, such as Pb, Cd, Ni, Hg were listed by Water Framework Directive in Directive(2008/105/EC) in the priority substances. Cadmium and Hg were identified as priority hazardous substances whereas As is an important contaminant for its potential toxicological and carcinogenic effects. An inter-comparison study is organised in EURAMET TC-MC in order to demonstrate the capability participants for measuring five elements in river water. The participants carried out measurements for analytes: Pb, Cd, Ni and As as mandatory elements, and Se as an optional one. Participants were asked to perform the measurements with respect to the protocol provided. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
In the area of hydrogen safety, research facilities are essential for the experimental investigation of relevant phenomena, for testing devices and safety concepts, as well as for the generation of validation data for the various numerical codes and models. Within the framework of the European HySafe Network of Excellence (NoE), the 'Integration of Experimental Facilities (IEF)' activity has provided basic support for joint experimental work. Even beyond the funding period of the HySafe NoE in the 6th Framework Program, IEF represents a long-lasting effort for the sustainable integration of experimental research capacities and expertise of the partners from different research fields. In order to achieve a high standard in the quality of experimental data provided by the partners, emphasis was put on the know-how transfer between the partners. On the one hand, documentation on the experimental capacities was prepared and analyzed. On the other hand, a wiki-based communication platform was established, supported by biannual workshops covering topics ranging from measurement technologies to safety issues. Based on the partners' contributions, a working document was created on best practice including the joint experimental knowledge of all partners with regard to experimental set-ups and instrumentation. The paper gives an overview of the IEF partners and the network activities over the last five years.
The CCQM-K88 key comparison was organized by the Inorganic Analysis Working Group of CCQM to test the abilities of the national metrology institutes to measure the mass fraction of lead in lead-free solder containing silver and copper. National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Metrology of China (NIM) and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) acted as the coordinating laboratories. The participants used different measurement methods, though most of them used inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or isotope-dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-ICP-MS). Accounting for relative expanded uncertainty, comparability of measurement results was successfully demonstrated by the participating NMIs for the measurement of the mass fraction of lead in lead-free solder at the level of 200 mg/kg.
It is expected that metals at mass fractions greater than approximately 100 mg/kg in lead-free solder containing silver and copper can be determined by each participant using the same technique(s) employed for this key comparison to achieve similar uncertainties mentioned in the present report.
Sensory hybrid host materials for the selective chromo-fluorogenic detection of biogenic amines
(2006)
A family of N-crowned 4-p-(aminophenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyridines DA (1-6) has been synthezised, characterized, and studied as potential hosts for the signaling of cationic and anionic guests. The ditopic probes contain two coordination sites, a monodentate 2,6-diphenylpyridine and an anilino group with macrocycles of different ring size, denticity, and type of secondary heteroatom (O and/or S). X-ray structure analysis of aza-oxa-thia-crowned 5 indicated a largely planar chromophore. Optical spectroscopic and electrochemical studies revealed that the anilino-type donor (D) and the 2,6-diphenylpyridine acceptor (A) are strongly -conjugated, entailing intense intramolecular charge-transfer absorption bands at 340 nm. Binding studies with protons and metal ions (M = Cu2+, Zn2+, Hg2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+) showed shifts of the band to the visible (440 nm) when coordination at the pyridine group occurs, strengthening its acceptor character. In contrast, no band in the visible is formed if binding takes place at the anilino group. Three different responses were found for various pairs of DA and M: selective metal coordination to D or A as well as coordination at both sites. A selective response was found for 5 and Hg2+. Because of the multitude of coordination-induced effects, the DA-M ensembles were further employed for differential anion sensing. In this protocol, the addition of an anion X to a certain, weakly coordinated DA-M can (i) lead to the formation of a ternary ion pair complex (DA-M-X), (ii) change the preference for A or D coordination, (iii) induce dissociation of the complex, or (iv) can have no effect. Various patterns of absorption changes were obtained as a result of different responses (i)-(iv) of the DA-M's in the presence of various X's. Data analysis yielded recognition patterns for acetate, F- and CN-, demonstrating the potential of simple chromogenic host-guest pairs for differential anion signaling.
Current standards governing the design, qualification and in-service inspection of carbon fibre composite cylinders do not facilitate to optimise cylinder design. The requirements have been adapted from standards for metallic cylinders and cannot easily quantify the degradation processes in composite materials. In this article, the results of hydraulic and hydrogen pressure cycle life tests performed on composite reinforced tanks with a metal liner (type 3) and with a high density polymer liner (type 4) are shown. Moreover, the degradation measured by means of residual strength of the tanks after the cycling tests have been compared. It has been found that the most critical aging for metal based composite cylinder is the gaseous cycling while type 4 designs seem to be more sensitive to hydraulic cycling at high temperature.