Filtern
Dokumenttyp
Schlagworte
- Ablösungen (2)
- Active thermography (2)
- Aktive Thermografie (2)
- 1-m³-Behälter (1)
- 20-l-Kugel (1)
- Accelerator mass spectrometry (1)
- Bauwerksfassaden (1)
- Bestimmungsmethoden (1)
- Brenn- und Explosionskenngrößen (1)
- Calibration (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
The first international round-robin exercise for the measurement of the long-lived radionuclide 10Be has been conducted. Ten participating accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities have each measured three samples at the 10-12 to 10-14 10Be/9Be level. All results have been made traceable to the NIST SRM 4325 standard to avoid additional discrepancies that arise when different facilities use different calibration materials. Hence, the data concentrates on pure measurement distinctions. Multivariate statistical investigations have been performed to reveal a bias between facilities, i.e. two distinguished groups could be identified. Maximum discrepancies between two single facilities are in the range of 6–31% depending on the absolute 10Be/9Be value. These findings should be considered when comparing 10Be data produced at one AMS facility with that produced at another facility, which is e.g. often the case for in situ 10Be dating studies. Round-robin exercises are a very helpful tool as part of an overall quality assurance scheme to improve the accuracy, and not only the precision, of AMS data.
The High-Fidelity Generalized Method of Cells (HFGMC) is one technique, distinct from traditional finite-element approaches, for accurately simulating nonlinear composite material behavior. In this work, the HFGMC global system of equations for doubly periodic repeating unit cells with nonlinear constituents has been reduced in size through the novel application of a Petrov-Galerkin Proper Orthogonal Decomposition order-reduction scheme in order to improve its computational efficiency. Order-reduced models of an E-glass/Nylon 12 composite led to a 4.8–6.3x speedup in the equation assembly/solution runtime while maintaining model accuracy. This corresponded to a 21–38% reduction in total runtime.Thesignificant difference in assembly/solution and total runtimes was attributed to the evaluation of integration point inelastic field quantities; this step was identical between the unreduced and order-reduced models. Nonetheless, order-reduced techniques offer the potential to significantly improve the computational efficiency of multiscale calculations.
In this contribution, the development and application of optical and thermographic methods for the nondestructive evaluation of delaminations, cracks and further substructures in Connection with bulging is presented.
Since delaminated fagade elements show geometric as well as thermal anomalies, surface geometry and defects beneath the surface were investigated. As methods, Stereo photogrammetry, a tracking based method for tactile recording of geometric 3D data and active thermography were used. Two case studies were assessed with a combination of these methods: the plaster scratches at the Magdeburg Cathedral and a mural painting in Cobbelsdorf, both located in Germany. While the plaster scratches have been investigated by artificial heating with an infrared radiator, the rural painting was tested by analysing the temperature increase due to solar heating.
A recent approach to measure electron radiation doses in the kGy range is the use of phosphors with an irradiation dose-dependent luminescence decay time. However, the applicability of the previously investigated material NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ is limited as it shows pronounced fading. Therefore, in this work, a modified SrF2 synthesis is presented that results in SrF2 nanoparticles codoped with Yb and either Er, Hm, or Tm. To assess their suitability as dosimeter material, dose response, as well as its degree of fading over 50 up to 140 days after irradiation were measured. Fading rates as small as 5% in SrF2:Er,Yb and 4% in SrF2:Ho,Yb were derived, which are comparable to established dosimeter materials. A combination of spectroscopy, diffraction and DFT calculations was used to elucidate the effect of irradiation, pointing towards the formation of a secondary phase of Yb2+ that we predict could be Yb2OF2. This irreversible formation of a secondary phase is considered to be the explanation for the low fading behavior in SrF2-based phosphors compared to NaYF4:Yb, Er, a highly attractive feature for electron beam dosimetry.
Im Beitrag werden Verfahren und Strategien basierend auf optischen und thermografischen Methoden zur Lokalisierung, Erfassung und Bewertung von Putzablösungen und Ablösungen von Fassadenelementen vorgestellt. Abgelöste Fassadenbereiche zeigen dabei sowohl geometrische als auch thermische Auffälligkeiten, die im Rahmen eines Monitoring auch über größere Zeiträume verfolgt werden können. Als optische Verfahren werden die Stereophotogrammetrie und die trackingbasierte taktile 3D-Erfassung von Oberflächenmerkmalen eingesetzt. Zur Charakterisierung verdeckter Ablösungen und Bauteile wird die aktive Thermografie mit natürlicher und künstlicher Erwärmung der Bauteiloberfläche verwendet. Systematische Untersuchungen an Probekörpern und Fallstudien (Magdeburger Dom, Wandbild in Cobbelsdorf) zeigen, wie u. a. mit der Verfahrenskombination Ablösungen und Materialinhomogenitäten unterschieden werden können.
Active thermography is well suited for the detection of delaminations and cracks in façade elements like plaster and tiles. Not only artificial heating but also solar heating can be used if the adjustment of the façade and the weather conditions are suitable. Optical methods like laser scanners, photogrammetric methods and crack tracking sensors are providing geometrical 3D data which can be used for a 3D mapping of thermograms and for providing data with higher geometrical resolution. Thus, by the combination and fusion of these data, a comprehensive mapping and monitoring of damages of façade systems is possible.
In diesem Beitrag werden Verfahren und Strategien basierend auf optischen und thermografischen Methoden zur Lokalisierung, Erfassung und Bewertung von Putzablösungen, Ablösungen von Fassadenelementen und Rissen vorgestellt. Abgelöste Fassadenbereiche und Risse zeigen dabei sowohl geometrische als auch thermische Auffälligkeiten, die im Rahmen eines Monitoring auch über größere Zeiträume verfolgt werden können. Als optische Verfahren werden die trackingbasierte taktile 3D‐Erfassung von Oberflächenmerkmalen und die Stereophotogrammetrie eingesetzt. Zur Charakterisierung verdeckter Ablösungen und Bauteile wird die aktive Thermografie mit natürlicher und künstlicher Erwärmung der Bauteiloberfläche verwendet. Systematische Untersuchungen an Probekörpern und Fallstudien (Magdeburger Dom, Wandbild in Cobbelsdorf, Giebichensteinbrücke) zeigen, wie u. a. mit der Verfahrenskombination die Schäden charakterisiert werden können.