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Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt typische Bruchmuster, die an SSiC Proben nach Thermoschockexperimenten beobachtet wurden und korreliert diese qualitativ mit der aufgebrachten Belastung. Der Thermoschock wird durch eine schnelle, in der Probenmitte beginnende spiralförmige Aufheizung dünner Scheiben mit Laserstrahlung realisiert. Durch diese Versuchsführung wandert ein zunehmender Temperaturgradient von der Mitte beginnend in radialer Richtung durch die Probe. Dieser Temperaturgradient ist für die Ausbildung von Druckspannungen im Probeninneren und Zugspannungen im kalten Randbereich der Probe verantwortlich. Beim Erreichen einer kritischen, versagensrelevanten Spannung tritt Probenbruch auf. Dabei wird die bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt in der Probe gespeicherte elastische Energie teilweise in die Schaffung von Rissoberflächen umgewandelt. Der Zusammenhang zwischen gespeicherter elastischer Energie und Bruchmuster wird dargestellt.
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are used to increase the operating temperature of land-, sea-, or air-based turbines. As failure of the coating may result in serious damage of the turbine, reliable estimation of the lifetime is essential. Most experiments to assess the lifetime or to determine parameters for simulations of the behavior of TBCs are done by burner-rig-tests, where the operating conditions are simulated by cyclic heating of the surface and cooling of the backside of a coated sample.
In this work a possibility is presented to do comparable experiments by heating the surface with laser irradiation instead of a burner. For this purpose a Nd:YAG-laser with a maximum output power of 1?kW and a wavelength of 1064?nm is used. The laser spot can be moved by integrated optics across the sample surface to achieve homogeneous heating of the coating. Cooling of the backside is done by air. The temperature of the sample surface is determined by an infrared-camera which also enables the possibility to detect failures in the coating via thermography. Additionally, acoustic sensors attached to the sample holder are used to detect failures in the sample. The investigated ceramic material (yttria stabilized zirconia) has a very low absorption coefficient at the used laser wavelength. Therefore, a pre-treatment of the samples was needed to increase the absorption coefficient to be able to heat up the samples.
In this paper, the experimental setup and first experimental results are presented.
Thermal barrier coatings allow increasing the operating temperature and efficiency of land-, sea-, or air-based turbines. As failure of the coating may result in serious damage of the turbine, reliable estimation of its lifetime is essential. To assess the lifetime, cyclic tests are conceived to combine thermal loading by heating the surface of the coating with laser irradiation and nondestructive methods for damage determination. Using laser irradiation allows a high reproducibility of the thermal load. The temperature of the sample surface during thermal loading is determined by an infrared-camera which also enables the possibility to detect damage in the coating via thermography. Additionally, four acoustic sensors, attached to the experimental setup, are used to detect damage in the sample and determine the source of acoustic events. Results of acoustic emission correlate well with thermographic images that visualize the formation and evolution of damage through delaminations in the samples.
The continuing increase of steam parameters of fossil fuelled high efficiency power plants and new combustion concepts for the capture and storage of carbon dioxide lead to harsher service conditions for the components and structural materials of such facilities. The present work introduces a test concept that allows testing of candidate materials under simultaneous mechanical and corrosive loading. The material's reaction can be directly investigated under simulated temperature, load and corrosion conditions of modern installations. First results obtained for different heat resistant steels suggest a strong influence of the environmental medium on the fatigue and creep behaviour. Such findings complement the data that is available from the classical qualification process of the materials and may support the material selection for new power plant installations.