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Paper des Monats
- ja (2)
The thermal decomposition and the fire behavior of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66 (PA-66) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing red phosphorus (P4) were investigated. For glass fiber reinforced PA-66, P4 promotes char formation in the condensed phase. Barrier effects and the reduction of combustible volatiles were identified as fire retardancy mechanisms. For HIPS, P4 acts in the gas phase, mainly trapping radicals. The heat release per mass loss polymer is reduced due to an incomplete combustion.
A liquid crystalline mainchain conjugated polymer for polarized electroluminescence applications
(1997)
Polarized fluorescence and orientational order parameters of a liquid crystalline conjugated polymer
(1999)
Polymeric nanocomposites are discussed as one of the most promising advanced materials whose nanoscale effects can be exploited for industry. Layered silicate polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride nanocomposites are investigated as a model to clarify the potential of such materials in terms of fire retardancy. The nanostructure is characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and shear viscosity. The fire behavior is characterized using different external heat fluxes in cone calorimeter, limiting oxygen index and UL 94 classification. A comprehensive fire behavior characterization is presented which enables an assessment of the materials’ potential with respect to different fire scenarios and fire tests. The influence of morphology and the active mechanisms are discussed, such as barrier formation and changed melt viscosity. To our knowledge, it is the first attempt to illuminate the concept’s strengths, such as the reduction of flame spread, and weaknesses, such as the lack of influence on ignitability, in a clear, comprehensive and detailed manner.
The morphology and thermal behaviour of polypropylenegraftmaleic anhydride (PPgMA) layered silicate (montmorillonite) nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The study focuses on the influence of the presence of oxygen during the preparation of PPgMAnanocomposite using two different modified clays. The nanocomposites show tactoid, intercalated and exfoliated structures side by side with different dominant states depending on the clay used and on the processing conditions. The systems are described as multi-component blends rather than binary blends since the organic ions do not only change the mixing behaviour, but also influence material properties. Beside the physical barrier property of the clay layers also chemical processes were found to play an important role.
Fire Retardancy of Polymers
(2003)